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IMO Opening Speech On Arms Onboard Ships

Wed, 16 May 2012 14:00:34 UTC

IMO Secretary-General Koji Sekimizu's opening address to the High-level segment on arms on board ships

Source: IMO

In a series of opening addresses given by Koji Sekimizu, Secretary-General IMO, at the International Maritime Organisation conference held in the London headquarters for its members, the Secretary General spoke on this occasion, about the subject of the high-level segment on Arms on Board Ships:

IMO Secretary General Photo:IMO.org

As I mentioned in my opening remarks to the meeting, this is the first ever high-level segment of the Committee and its importance is underscored by the presence here today of the President of the Assembly and the Council Chairman. I am particularly pleased to welcome and receive the support of the host Government through the participation of the Secretary of State for Transport – the Right Honourable Justine Greening MP – and of many Ambassadors, High Commissioners, Vice Minsters and others who have indicated their wish to participate in this very important debate – I wish to express my sincere appreciation to you all.

Reports received by the Organization indicate that, although the number of attacks by pirates continues to increase, the proportion of attacks that are successful has decreased. This may be due to a number of factors, including naval protection and better implementation of IMO guidance and Best Management Practices, including the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel (PCASP). There is anecdotal evidence that the number of ships carrying firearms has increased. On the basis of declarations of weapons carried and on their observations, naval forces estimate that around 25% of ships in the High Risk Area are carrying firearms, however it is also believed that a number of ships are not declaring the presence of private armed security for various reasons, including the lack of flag State approval.

The carriage of firearms on board merchant ships is a complex legal issue with Member States taking diverse positions. The Committee has determined that the carriage of armed personnel is a matter for flag States to authorize, however it has also accepted that their carriage has legal implications for coastal and port States, particularly with respect to the carriage, embarkation and disembarkation of firearms and security equipment in areas under the jurisdiction of such port or coastal States.

Resolution A.1044(27) on piracy and armed robbery against ships in waters off the coast of Somalia endorses the position of this Committee that seafarers should not carry firearms and that the carriage of armed personnel on board ships for enhancing their protection should be left to flag States to decide, once a thorough risk assessment exercise has been carried out and following consultations with the shipowners concerned.

Amongst other things, the resolution strongly urges Governments which have not already done so:

to decide as a matter of national policy, whether ships entitled to fly their flag should be authorized to carry privately contracted armed security personnel and, if so, under what conditions; and
in their capacity as port or coastal States, to decide on their policy on the embarkation, disembarkation and carriage of privately contracted armed security personnel and of the firearms, ammunition and security-related equipment, and to promulgate it widely to other Member Governments, to industry, and to the Organization.

As a truly global industry with many stakeholders, shipping benefits from harmonization of procedures, adoption of common minimum standards and clarity with respect to national legal regimes. However, while progress has been made on developing general guidance, policy on the use of Private Security Guards is not common among Member Governments and, across the shipping industry. There are no agreed minimum performance standards for Private Security Guards and ships using them are subject to many, diverse legal regimes at present.

In order to stimulate debate on this important subject, we have issued MSC 90/20/5, which describes the current situation and outlines a number of related policy issues requiring further deliberation by this Committee. While recognizing the reality of the situation in which Private Security Guards are employed and the diverse positions of Governments, there is a need to consider how the international community should deal with the issue of Private Security Guards and, in particular, the need to arrive at practical solutions to the issue.

Since the issue of Private Security Guards on board ships is of utmost sensitivity and requires detailed consideration of the policy issues involved, I considered it particularly helpful and appropriate, under this agenda item, for the Committee to engage in a high-level policy debate on this topic.

I invite all Member Governments representing flag, port and coastal States and States of seafarers, and shipowners to share their views on this issue of arms on board which is now critical for the international maritime community.

The outcome of your discussions today will provide the clear policy direction required for subsequent discussions on related, technical documents that the Committee and its Maritime Security and Piracy Working Group will be considering under this agenda item.

***

We have been dealing with piracy problems off the coast of Somalia for 5 years now.

Despite serious efforts by Governments, navies and the industry, the international community has not been able to stop Somali piracy.

We have seen significant developments over the last 4 years:

Internationally Recommended Transit Corridor in the Gulf of Aden
EUNAVFOR and strong action by international navies
Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia and its working groups
Implementation of Best Management Practices
IMO-led Djibouti Code of Conduct
Contact Group Trust Fund and IMO Djibouti Code Trust Fund

and still the industry is asking for the strong will of Governments to take action and end piracy.

Seafarers are suffering. For insurance or trade partners, this may be just a matter of probability, but for seafarers it is a reality and a matter of life.

IMO has been actively advocating the strong will of Governments and, for example, the Council adopted the theme for last year’s World Maritime Day to be: “IMO: Orchestrating the response”. But words of a slogan cannot resolve the matter.

We must create an effective and robust mechanism to prosecute and punish pirates.

We must ensure strong defence for merchant ships.

We must work together to help Somalia to build up their country and we must create a united front and stronger international regime to deal with and end piracy off the coast of Somalia.

This High-level segment was designed to discuss the current policy issue of private armed guards, but:

I hope that this High-level segment, with the participation of Secretaries of State, Ministers, Vice-Ministers, Permanent Secretaries, Ambassadors, High Commissioners, could also discuss the matter of piracy in general and may even go beyond the issue of arms on board, and come up with a clear indication of the determination of the international community to end piracy off the coast of Somalia.

I am looking forward to listening to your views, visions and leadership.

Thank you Mr. Chairman.

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IMO SG Speech On Capacity Building & Piracy

Wed, 16 May 2012 10:21:39 UTC

IMO Conference on Capacity Building to Counter Piracy off the Coast of Somalia

Source: IMO

In a series of opening addresses given by Koji Sekimizu, Secretary-General IMO, at the International Maritime Organisation conference held in the London headquarters for its members, the Secretary General spoke about the capacity building to counter piracy off Somalia this week:

Excellencies, Ministers, Ambassadors, High Commissioners, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen,

IMO Secretary General Photo:IMO.org

The word “Somalia”, in a maritime context, leads almost exclusively to thoughts of piracy. And yet, as internal conflict and famine so clearly highlight, piracy is but one manifestation of the widespread and deep-rooted problems that beset that country and its people.

In the early stages of the Somali piracy crisis, the emphasis of the response was, understandably, on protecting merchant vessels from pirate attacks. The mobilization and coordination of naval forces, the establishment of the Internationally Recommended Transit Corridor and the development of the Best Management Practices are all examples of this approach in action.

While not diminishing in any way the importance of such immediate, preventative measures and the need for their full implementation by all concerned, an ever-greater emphasis will now have to be placed on building capacity, within the region affected, to tackle the problem. What we now see emerging is a wider programme of activity, aimed at finding new ways to equip the countries of the region with the tools and the expertise they need to do this.

IMO itself has had a long involvement in combating piracy, not just Somali based but also in other parts of the world. IMO was, for example, instrumental in establishing the framework for collaboration among the littoral States of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore and the South China Sea, the ReCAAP Agreement and its Information Sharing Centre in Singapore, which proved successful in significantly reducing the number of acts of piracy in that region.

More recently, IMO was first in drawing the problem of piracy off the coast of Somalia to the attention of the United Nations Security Council; and, since then, it has been in the vanguard of counter-piracy efforts, often on its own initiative and often in collaboration with others.

Our conference today has its background in a meeting I had at UN Headquarters in New York in January, with UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, in which we discussed co-operation between IMO and the UN to combat Somalia-based piracy.

Mr. Ban and I discussed how capacity building in Somalia and neighbouring countries should be enhanced through further co operation between IMO and the UN, UN specialized agencies and other relevant international organizations, building on IMO's existing capacity-building activities under the Djibouti Code of Conduct and its associated Trust Fund.

The purpose of this conference is, therefore, to share information, experiences and ideas about such initiatives with a view to ensuring that an effective, coordinated response can be established.

For IMO’s part, our intention is to continue our capacity-building programme in the region in general and, in particular, under the framework of the Djibouti Code of Conduct. I am pleased to report that yesterday’s ministerial review meeting, here at IMO, agreed that excellent progress has been made in the Code’s implementation. However, the meeting agreed to review the status of the Code in the coming 2 years.

I have pledged my determination to redouble my effort to accelerate capacity building for implementation of the Code and provided my vision for the coming 2 years covering:

legal advisory service;
enhanced training;
accelerated implementation of the DCoC in waters near the Mozambique channel;
action programme for Somalia in the context of implementation of the Code; and
a stronger governance structure.

Today, upon my invitation, representatives of the United Nations, United Nations Political Office for Somalia, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Food Programme, European Union and EUNAVFOR are attending, together with representatives of IMO Member Governments and the industry, including a representative of the International Chamber of Commerce.

During today’s Conference, the IMO Secretariat, through the Djibouti Code of Conduct Project Implementation Unit will provide the current status of IMO’s Counter Piracy support programme.

We will receive a presentation from UNPOS on its Somalia support programme covering the present work for co-ordination of counter-piracy activities and maritime law enforcement issues under the Kampala process in which UNODC, FAO, UNDP and Interpol are participating.

We will receive a presentation from UNODC on its counter-piracy capacity-building programme. We will ensure a co-ordinated approach between IMO and UNODC, in particular, in the context of the implementation of the Djibouti Code of Conduct.

We will receive a presentation by FAO on our joint work under the Kampala-process, dealing with maritime law enforcement issues, including the issue of prevention of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing.

We will receive a presentation by the WFP dealing with the issue of protection for WFP shipping, delivering food aid to Somalia.

We will receive a presentation from the representative of the EU on existing EC projects being implemented in close co operation with IMO, including the recently launched new comprehensive project on Regional Maritime Capacity Building in the region off the coast of Somalia.

We will also listen to presentations and comments from Member Governments and industry representatives.

Towards the end of today’s conference, we are expecting to sign:

A Joint Declaration on a partnership between the European Union (EU) and IMO to counter maritime piracy and armed robbery in the Western Indian Ocean; and
Joint Commitments to a strategic partnership to combat piracy in and off the coast of Somalia between:
- FAO and IMO;
- UNODC and IMO; and
- UNPOS and IMO;

as the major outputs of this conference.

This is an overview of today’s Conference, and I am looking forward to:

presentations of on-going activities by representatives of the Agencies; and
meaningful discussions to follow;

so that we can agree on a more coordinated approach for our capacity-building effort in the fight against piracy off the coast of Somalia.

Thank you.

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EU Naval Forces First Hit On Somali Pirates On Shoreline

Tue, 15 May 2012 06:03:26 UTC

EU Naval Force Delivers First Blow Against Somali Pirates On Shoreline

Source:EUNAVFOR.eu

Earlier today, May 15, following the decision taken on 23 March 2012 by the Council of the European Union to allow the EU Naval Force to take disruption action against known pirate supplies on the shore, EU forces conducted an operation to destroy pirate equipment on the Somali coastline.

EU Naval Force - Counter Piracy Operation

The operation was conducted in accordance with the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1851 and has the full support of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia. The focused, precise and proportionate action was conducted from the air and all forces returned safely to EU warships on completion. Whilst assessment is on-going, surveillance of the area during the action indicates that no Somalis were injured ashore as a result of EU action.

Speaking about the operation, the Operation Commander of the EU Naval Force, Rear Admiral Duncan Potts said “We believe this action by the EU Naval Force will further increase the pressure on, and disrupt pirates’ efforts to get out to sea to attack merchant shipping and dhows. The local Somali people and fishermen – many of whom have suffered so much because of piracy in the region, can be reassured that our focus was on known pirate supplies and will remain so in the future.”

At no point did EU Naval Force ‘boots’ go ashore. Rear Admiral Potts went on to say “The EU Naval Force action against pirate supplies on the shoreline is merely an extension of the disruption actions carried out against pirate ships at sea, and Operation Atalanta remains committed to fighting piracy off the Horn of Africa and the humanitarian mission of protecting World Food Programme ships that bring vital aid to the Somali people.”

Operation Atalanta is part of the EU’s comprehensive approach to tackling symptoms and root causes of piracy in the Horn of Africa and the EU strategic framework for that region adopted in November 2011. Currently there are 9 warships in the EU Naval Force and 5 Maritime Patrol Aircraft.

The reach of Somali pirates is vast; they have attacked merchant ships up to 1,750 miles off the Somali coast. Preventing them getting out to sea is a crucial step in removing their impunity ashore and to further the success of counter-piracy operations.

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Dutch Warship Rescues 17 Hostages From Pirates

Sat, 12 May 2012 08:10:19 UTC

Dutch Navy Rescues 17 Iranian Hostages; Arrests 11 Suspect Pirates

Source: MiNews26

AMSTERDAM, THE NETHERLANDS (BNO NEWS) -- A Dutch Navy vessel on Friday rescued seventeen people who were being held hostage on a suspected pirate dhow off the coast of Somalia, the Dutch Ministry of Defense said. Eleven suspected pirates were taken into custody.

Freed Iranian Fishermen Photo: eunavfor

The Dutch Navy warship, Van Amstel, came across the dhow when its helicopter carried out a reconnaissance flight in the area. The dhow was pulling two smaller skiffs carrying ladders behind it, but the suspected pirates threw them overboard once they noticed they were discovered. [OL Note: crew of 17 Iranians on dhow hijacked by pirates 10 days earlier and used as a pirate mothership].

"The Van Amstel headed to the location and made radio contact. The dhow then stopped," the Dutch Ministry of Defense said in a statement. "With the use of Rhibs, fast motorboats, a special boarding-unit consisting of marines made the ship safe under observation of the (Van Amstel helicopter) Lynx."

The marines took eleven suspected pirates into custody and seized weapons, ammunition and other items which can be used in piracy. The Ministry said it also rescued seventeen hostages although their nationalities were not immediately released and it was unclear when they were taken hostage.

"The freed crew is doing fine considering the circumstances and has continued on their way," the statement added. "The suspected pirates were transferred to the frigate. At the moment the staff of the European Union mission Atalanta is discussing the possibilities of prosecuting the suspected pirates."

Last month, the Danish Navy warship Absalon freed nine Pakistanis and three Iranians who were being held captive by Somali pirates in the Horn of Africa off the coast of Somalia. Seychelles later agreed to prosecute four of the Somali pirates, but it remains unclear what will happen to the other pirates. Most pirates are eventually released as many countries cannot or do not want to prosecute them.

In February, a similar operation carried out by Absalon resulted in the deaths of two hostages while several others were rescued. But with none of the nearby countries willing to prosecute the pirates, the seventeen suspects involved in the incident were released in April.

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UPDATE:Greek-Owned Tanker Hijacked in Arabian Sea

Thu, 10 May 2012 18:57:30 UTC

Greek-owned Tanker Hijacked in the Arabian Sea

Following a relatively quietened period at sea, a Liberia-flagged tanker was reported hijacked in the Arabian Sea by pirates.

MT Smyrni Hijacked - Photo: Marinetraffic.com

The Greek-owned tanker, MT Smyrni, dwt149998, owned by Dynacom Tankers Management Ltd (Greece) (with a further 40 vessels in the fleet), was attacked by 2 pirate skiffs approximately 285nm SSE of Masirah Island, Oman, on reportedly its second voyage since being built in 2011. The Suezmax vessel is the largest to be hijacked since February 2011.

The attack occurred at 0930 UTC, May 10, which saw a report stating that pirates had boarded the vessel. The tanker had enforced anti piracy measures, increased speed, made evasive manoeuvres and managed to evade the first boarding attempt, resulting in the skiffs regrouping with the mother ship in the vicinity. Later, the skiffs launched a second attack on the tanker, approached at a speed of 24knots and managed to successfully board and hijack the vessel and take hostage the 26 crew members. The owners and the reporting authority, UKMTO, lost contact with the vessel which was later confirmed by MSC(HOA) to have been hijacked. The 26 crew comprise of 11 Indians including the Master, 14 Filipinos and 1 Romanian. The ship's manager and recruiting agent in Mumbai has been as to obtain information on the health of the crew.

The attack was one of four that occurred in the Arabian Sea over the last two days following a period of little activity in the region.
Although it is not yet confirmed whether a security team was onboard the vessel, the recent law changes in Greece were established to permit armed guards on Greek-flagged vessels, whilst Liberia also permits armed guards on its flag vessels; recent reports from Greece claim that the vessel did not have a security team embarked.

Another factor which has heightened tension for seafarers in the region, was the report of an attack on an Aframax crude tanker, May 9, occurring approximately 353nm ESE of Socotra Island. At a distance of 50 meters from the vessel, the pirates fired seven RPG rounds and, allegedly, more than 300 rounds using AK47 fired upon the tanker.

Effective anti piracy measures resulted in the skiffs aborting and moving away. No injuries to crew were reported, however, the vessel sustained extensive damage to the bridge due to the weaponry used. Again, reports from Greece claim that no security team was embarked at the time, but this has yet to be confirmed. The concern is that such heavily armed attacks will increase, potentially overwhelming the less prepared vessels transiting the region.

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UK Joins ReCAAP

Thu, 03 May 2012 11:46:26 UTC

UK Joins the ReCAAP

Source: ReCAAP.org Press Release

UK Joins ReCAAP

On 2 May 2012, the United Kingdom (UK) became the eighteenth Contracting Party to the Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP).

This cements this Government’s firm commitment to tacking the scourge of piracy across the globe: protecting the trade-routes that are vital to our economy, protecting the livelihoods of seafarers who ply these waterways, and preventing criminals from profiting from piracy.

Though UK is geographically located outside Asia, it has a strong interest in the regional maritime economy and supports fully the ReCAAP aims of enhancing multilateral cooperation among its members. The latest addition to the ReCAAP signifies the growing strength of ReCAAP network and demonstrates the importance of the international cooperation to effectively address the challenges in combating piracy and armed robbery against ships in Asia.

UK’s Minister for Africa Mr Henry Bellingham said: “I am delighted that the UK has applied to join ReCAAP. Piracy is a scourge that needs to be tackled and the protection of UK shipping around the globe remains a priority for this government.” The Minister stressed that international cooperation is the most effective way to tackle piracy, as demonstrated by the successes in the fight against piracy off the coast of Somalia, and is confident that the ReCAAP Information Sharing Centre (ISC) will continue to demonstrate its effectiveness in improving security at sea in Asia.
Mr James Hughes has been appointed as the ReCAAP Information Sharing Centre (ISC) Governor for UK. He is currently the Deputy Head (Global Issues), Security Policy Department of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO). The National Maritime Information Centre has been designated to be the Focal Point of UK.

Background Information

About the Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP), and the ReCAAP
Information Sharing Centre (ISC) The Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP) is the first regional government-to-government agreement to promote and enhance cooperation against piracy and armed robbery in Asia. It was finalised on 11 November 2004 and entered into force on 4 September 2006. To date, 18 States have become Contracting Parties to ReCAAP.

The eighteen Contracting Parties to ReCAAP are the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, the Kingdom of Cambodia, the People’s Republic of China, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Republic of India, Japan, the Republic of Korea, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of the Philippines, the Republic of Singapore, the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, the Kingdom of Thailand, the United Kingdom and the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

The ReCAAP Information Sharing Centre (ReCAAP ISC) was established under the Agreement, and was officially launched in Singapore on 29 November 2006. It was formally recognised as an international organisation on 30 January 2007.
The roles of the ReCAAP ISC are to:

serve as a platform for information exchange with the ReCAAP Focal Points via the Information Network System (IFN);
facilitate communications and information exchange among participating governments to improve incident response by member countries;
analyse and provide accurate statistics of the piracy and armed robbery incidents to foster better understanding of the situation in Asia;
facilitate capacity building efforts that help improve the capability of member countries in combating piracy and armed robbery in the region; and
cooperate with organizations and like-minded parties on joint exercises, information sharing, capacity building programme, or other forms of cooperation, as appropriate, and agreed upon among the Contracting Parties.

The ReCAAP ISC facilitates exchange of information among the ReCAAP Focal Points through a secure web-based Information Network System (IFN). Through this network, the ReCAAP Focal Points are linked to each other as well as the ReCAAP ISC on a 24/7 basis, and are able to facilitate appropriate responses to incident. The agency receiving the incident report will manage the incident in accordance to its national policies and response procedures, and provide assistance to the victim ship where possible. The agency will in turn, inform their ReCAAP Focal Point which will submit an incident report to the ReCAAP ISC and its neighbouring Focal Points.

For more information about the ReCAAP and ReCAAP ISC, please visit http://www.recaap.org

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Tanker Hijacked At Anchor in Gulf of Guinea

Tue, 01 May 2012 13:57:40 UTC

Updated: Tanker Hijacked off Lome, Togo Reported Released

Source: AFP

BW Rhine Reported Hijacked - Photo: Marinetraffic.com

KUALA LUMPUR — A Singapore-managed product tanker with valuable gasoline cargo went missing and was suspected to have been hijacked by pirates while at anchor off Lome, Togo, a maritime watchdog said Tuesday.

Later reports state BW Maritime LR1 tanker, BW Rhine was the vessel hijacked - updated Wednesday, May 2. The status of the tanker, which has a capacity of 75,678 deadweight tons, was not known, Nick Fell, Singapore-based general counsel for BW Maritime, said.

Further reports by BW Maritime on May 4, state that the vessel had re-established communications at 0630 and has been released by its captors and is enroute to a nearby port. The Master confirmed they had been held under duress, but following the theft of the cargo, all 24 crewmembers are safe.

Potengal Mukundan, director of the London-based International Maritime Bureau (IMB), told AFP international warships and navies from neighbouring countries had been alerted and were searching for the ship, which has 24 crew members and was reported missing by the operators Tuesday.

Mukundan, who is in the Malaysian capital Kuala Lumpur for a series of meetings with industry and government players, said in similar past cases the pirates would transfer the gasoline cargo to other ships and sell it.

"Here we have criminal gangs whose main purpose is to steal multi-million cargo which is gasoline as it has a ready market. It is very easy to dispose of it. There has been an underground trade in the Gulf of Guinea for decades."

IMB urged ship owners and the international community to remain on guard against piracy in the high risk area including off Somalia, Southern Red Sea, the Gulf of Oman, Mozambique Channel and the Gulf of Guinea.Mukundan said so far in 2012 there have been 19 attacks off the Gulf of Guinea on the west coast of Africa, with two vessels hijacked. Forty-two crew have been taken hostage, two crew members killed and two kidnapped by pirates.

Worldwide, there have been 121 attacks and 13 hijackings in 2012. Out of these, 51 attacks and 11 hijackings have taken place off Somalia, with 158 crew taken hostage, IMB said.

"Although the number of hijackings are lower than they were this time last year, the number of attacks indicate the pirates are still there," the IMB director said.

"The indications we have is that there will be similar level of hijackings worldwide in 2012 compared to 2011 with Somalia being the top hot spot," he said. There were 45 hijackings in 2011.Mukundan said while more international naval assets should be deployed to fight piracy, there should also be assistance programmes developed in Somalia.Mukundan painted a grim picture for the rest of the year and warned the safety of seafarers continued to be threatened by pirates and urged ship masters and owners to alert IMB of any incidents and of suspicious vessels.

Kalashnikov-wielding Somali pirates prowl far out across the Indian Ocean from their bases in war-torn northern Somalia, seizing foreign ships which they hold for several months demanding multi-million dollar ransoms.

The cargo of the vessel, valuable gasoline, was confirmed to have been stolen. It was thought that the LR1 was loaded with about 60,000 tonnes of gasoline and with spot prices currently well over $1,000 per tonne, the entire shipment could be worth more than $60 million.

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IMO SG Speaks on Safeguarding Seafarers & Piracy

Mon, 30 Apr 2012 11:29:37 UTC

IMO Secretary General Speech on Safeguarding Seafarers and the Shared Responsibility

Source: IMO

In a speech at the ReCAAP ISC Piracy and Sea Robbery Conference 2012 by Koji Sekimizu, the subject of Safeguarding Seafarers: A Shared Responsibility was delivered to the delegates.

IMO Secretary General Photo:IMO.org

The speech is as follows:

As the specialized agency of the United Nations with, among other things, a responsibility for the safety and security of international shipping, the International Maritime Organization has been among those actively advocating and working towards a coordinated approach to combating maritime piracy. This is based on our long involvement in such initiatives, not just Somali-based but in other parts of the world too.

In this very region, for example, IMO was instrumental in establishing the framework for collaboration among the littoral States of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore and the South China Sea that proved so successful in helping to almost eradicate piracy in what used to be the world’s major piracy hotspot.

Here in south-east Asia, the Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP) was the first regional Government-to-Government agreement to promote and enhance co-operation against piracy and armed robbery. ReCAAP entered into force in 2006 and many of the positive lessons learned from it are now incorporated in the Djibouti Code of Conduct, which is providing a framework for information sharing, review of national legislation, training and capacity building in the region affected by Somali piracy.

For example, under the Djibouti Code, three Information Sharing Centres (ISCs) have been established, in Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania, Mombasa, Kenya and Sana’a, Yemen. The three ISCs were declared operational during the first half of 2011 and have, since, actively collected and disseminated piracy-related information.

This clearly draws on the model of the ReCAAP ISC here in Singapore (and I note with great appreciation that Singapore has reaffirmed its commitment to international co-operation to combat piracy and armed robbery against ships with the recent announcement that it will continue to host the ReCAAP ISC for a further five years).

In November 2011, the piracy information-sharing infrastructure under the Djibouti Code was significantly enhanced with the signing, here in Singapore, of an important agreement whereby the ReCAAP Information Sharing Centre has joined the Djibouti Code information sharing network resulting in a major expansion of the reporting area to cover the Indian Ocean coastal States.

The agreement established a set of standard operating procedures for communicating and exchanging piracy-related information. I am certain that such an agreement would prove invaluable in the continuing efforts to stem the tide of piracy and armed robbery against shipping.

Looking further ahead, again in the context of the Djibouti Code of Conduct, IMO plans to address the protection of the Southern Shipping Lanes through the Mozambique Channel and southern and western Indian Ocean. The aim is that the signatory States to the Djibouti Code of Conduct will work together, supported by IMO and other development partners, to create a regional co-operative mechanism to this effect.

The establishment of a regional training centre in Djibouti, in partnership with the EU, is another significant, tangible step towards creating regional capability to counteract pirate activities. When operational, the Djibouti Regional Training Centre will be available for regional training and for the training of Somali coast guards and other law enforcement personnel.

Considerable emphasis is now being placed by IMO on establishing the capacity for full implementation of the Djibouti Code of Conduct. This was noted, and encouraged, in the communiqué adopted by the conference on Somalia that took place in London in February.

Since the beginning of this year, I have met UN Secretary-General Ban on a number of occasions to discuss how we can strengthen capacity building for anti-piracy activities. Mr. Ban agreed that capacity building in Somalia and neighbouring countries should be enhanced through co-operation between IMO and the UN, UN specialized agencies and other relevant international organizations, founded on IMO’s existing capacity-building activities under the Djibouti Code of Conduct. With his encouragement and support, we are now preparing a number of important events in mid-May.

First, IMO will be hosting a ministerial meeting on 14 May, to review the progress being made towards implementation of the Djibouti Code of Conduct.

Then, on 15 May, an IMO Conference on capacity building to counter piracy off the coast of Somalia will be held, and I will use this occasion to invite all UN agencies and the EU to discuss how we can further strengthen our co-operation in capacity-building efforts.

And, on 16 May, we are holding a high-level segment of the IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee to discuss the many facets of the issue of arms on board merchant vessels, for which there is a clear need for a full, high-level policy debate among IMO Member Governments. There are a number of related issues which require further consideration if practical solutions are to be found and appropriate information and guidance are to be promulgated.

At the High-level segment of the MSC we need to discuss a number of important policy issues:

• how to regulate security guard providers;
• the issue of innocent passage;
• transfer of weapons;
• how to handle and treat weapons in ports;
• the authority of shipmasters;
• rules of engagement;
• certification for security guard providers
• matters that should be left to national regulations and industry self-regulation or are international regulations necessary?

All of these will be the subject of debate during the high-level segment of the MSC on 16 May, and I am confident that this will provide the right venue for discussion on this very important issue and enable significant progress to be made in the international community.

***

Aside from the Djibouti Code of Conduct, IMO is working in many ways to strengthen the protection of persons, ships and cargoes in piracy-infested areas and also preserve the integrity of shipping lanes of strategic importance and significance.

IMO and industry guidelines, in the so-called Best Management Practices, have provided practical measures to protect vessels and steps have been taken to ensure that ships’ crews are aware of how to access naval protection and implement effectively the preventive, evasive and defensive measures recommended by IMO and the industry.

IMO has helped promote greater levels of coordination among navies, and further co-operation between and among States, regions and organizations and the coordination of military and civil efforts.

IMO will also continue to support the work of the United Nations Political Office for Somalia (UNPOS) in implementing the National Security and Stabilization Plan in areas within IMO's competence; and to facilitate the dialogue between the Transitional Federal Government and the regional authorities through the so-called "Kampala Process".

Such activities may include assisting Somalia to accede to, and implement, the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, (SOLAS) and the ISPS Code.

Implementation of the ISPS Code will be a catalyst for the development of port security programmes and procedures to enable ports in Somalia to comply with international standards, thus promoting trade by sea and providing additional security for humanitarian shipments.

Secure port areas could also serve as a basis for the expansion of security-controlled zones in coastal areas, policed by land-based security forces, which could eventually form the basis of an effective coastal monitoring regime. They could, in due course, also serve as secure operating bases for maritime police, coast guards and fishing vessels.

This latter point is very important, since it touches on the need to create viable alternative sources of income for those Somalis who have turned, or may be tempted to turn, to crime. In this respect, and, again, through the Kampala Process, we will undertake to select appropriate officials from all regions of Somalia to study at IMO’s World Maritime University and International Maritime Law Institute, so that they can develop the Somali maritime administration in the future.

In partnership with the World Customs Organization (WCO) and others, we will also seek to develop transparent customs and clearance procedures and to facilitate maritime transport through Somali ports.

And, in partnership with the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), we will endeavour to help develop a sustainable Somali fisheries sector. Key areas for IMO could include fishing vessel safety, general seamanship training, assistance with developing maritime situational awareness and developing maritime law enforcement and fishery-protection capability.

IMO will also continue with its capacity-building programme in the region in support of core objectives under IMO competence, for example the enhancement of maritime safety and the development of search and rescue facilities, and of maritime situational awareness.

Ladies and gentlemen,

Somali-based piracy is a manifestation of the widespread and deep-rooted problems that beset that country and its people. It is a symptom; and, while a symptom can be treated and its effects can be alleviated, real progress can only be made by addressing the cause.

We are all here today because we share a collective duty and a collective responsibility to do whatever we can to combat piracy.

None of us can achieve this alone; but each of us has a contribution to make, and IMO’s focus and commitment remain as strong as ever.

Thank you.

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The Impact of Somali Piracy [Infographic]

Tue, 24 Apr 2012 21:49:58 UTC

The Impact of Somali Piracy - an Infographic

Source: Travel Insurance

The impact of Somali piracy is presented graphically by the Travel Insurance blog. The figures from 2011 shown in this manner demonstrate the huge impact the crime of piracy at sea has had on the world's economy.

From: Travel Insurance Guide (Click infographic to enlarge)

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Italian Tanker Freed by Somali Pirates

Mon, 23 Apr 2012 16:40:27 UTC

Somali Pirates Free Italian Tanker After 118 Days

Source: Bangkok Post

An Italian chemical tanker captured by Somali pirates off the coast of Oman in December with 18 crew members has been released, the foreign ministry in Rome said on Monday.

Italian Tanker Enrico Ievoli Freed

The Enrico Ievoli, owned by Naples-based shipping company Marnavi, was carrying caustic soda from the United Arab Emirates to the Mediterranean and had seven Indians, six Italians and five Ukrainians on board.

"The foreign ministry confirms the release of the crew of the Italian ship 'Enrico Ievoli' off the Somali coast,'' the ministry said in a statement.

Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi was quoted as expressing his "great satisfaction'' and said it was part of "a wider diplomatic effort carried out also with Somali authorities in recent months.''

Italian Prime Minister Mario Monti in February asked his Somali counterpart Abdiweli Mohamed Ali to do "everything in his power'' to ensure the release.

"This incident is further confirmation of the gravity of the security threat posed by the phenomenon of piracy,'' Terzi said on Monday.

Ship owner Domenico Ievoli was quoted by ANSA news agency as saying: "The ship has already left Somalia and there are Italian military on board.''

The Ievoli, a 138-metre (453-foot) vessel, was carrying 15,750 tons of caustic soda.

The Italian navy, which is taking part in anti-piracy operations in the region, had already thwarted an attack on the same ship in 2006 near Yemen.

Three other hijacked Italian vessels were freed from Somali pirates in November and December, two of them reportedly following ransom payments.

The Savina Caylyn, an oil tanker with five Italians and 17 Indians on board, was freed on December 21 after more than 10 months in captivity.

The foreign ministry denied the government had paid ransom and said the liberation was the result of "constant pressure'' on Somali authorities.

In November, the Rosalia D'Amato cargo ship with a crew of 21 was also released after seven months in the hands of Somali pirates.

Also in November, British and US commandos freed another Italian vessel, the Montecristo, with seven Italians, 10 Ukrainians and six Indians on board.

Kalashnikov-wielding pirates prowl far out across the Indian Ocean from their bases in war-torn northern Somalia, seizing foreign ships which they hold for several months demanding multi-million dollar.

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EU Warship Frees Sri Lankans But Pirates Released

Mon, 23 Apr 2012 15:59:53 UTC

EU Warship Rescues Sri Lankan Fishermen But Suspect Pirates Released

Source: EUNAVFOR

EU Naval Force (EU NAVFOR) Spanish warship, ESPS Infanta Elena rescued 6 Sri Lankan fishermen and their fishing vessel from 7 suspected pirates. The fishing vessel had been in the hands of suspect pirates since November 2011 and was reportedly being used as a mother-ship to launch attacks against merchant shipping in the region.

Freed Sri Lankans on Tanzania Ship - eunavfor.eu

At sunset on 18 April, 50 miles off the coast of Tanzania, ESPS Infanta Elena identified the pirated vessel and after closing its position, the Spanish boarding team went on board. Once there, they identified the 7 suspected Somali pirates and 6 Sri Lankan crew. The men received much needed medical care and were provided food and water. Earlier the same day, 5 suspect pirates had been arrested by Tanzanian maritime forces when their attack skiff, believed to have been operated from the Sri Lankan vessel, beached on the Tanzanian coast.

The tired, but very relieved Sri Lankan fishermen were handed over to Tanzanian maritime forces close to Dar Es Salaam on 21 April and the European Union, via its delegation in Tanzania helped to ensure that the crew could quickly make contact with their families. Arrangements are now being made to fly the fishermen home to Sri Lanka.

As there is currently no agreement on the transfer of suspect pirates between the European Union and Tanzania, the suspect pirates were released by ESPS Infanta Elena to the Somali coast on Monday 23 April. With the on-going negotiations with the Tanzanian authorities, it is hoped that a transfer agreement will be in place in the near future.

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Weekly Piracy Report

Sun, 22 Apr 2012 21:50:00 UTC

13 - 20 April 2012

Slight hiatus: More disruptions than attacks. Bombs over Bargal, but by whom? Yemeni fishermen kidnapped. Tanzania arrests 5 pirates in the vicinity of a mothership near its gas fields. 6 Sri Lankan fishermen later freed by naval forces. High-ranking pirate trial resumes in US court as crewman tells of torture at pirate hands. Unruly pirates disrupt court in Kenya. Another 11 pirates have 20-year sentences handed down. Pirate gang splits over ransom negotiations. Innocent Somali fishermen freed from Somali pirates by EU warship. Armed robbers board ship off Singapore, the first incident in the area this year. Tough times ahead for pirates, if IONS determination is any indicator. SA urges regional navies to be 'beefed up'. Armed security on all Qatar gas tankers. Germany gives go ahead for mandate extension and may see bombing missions over Somalia. Malta to continue counter piracy involvement, whilst India and EU agree to coordinate and share resources. Forty-two percent of global conflict occurs around the Indian Ocean. Counter piracy patrol nets drug bust. Piracy fears as yacht goes missing off Tanzania, but found following technological problems.

Regional Activity; Released by Pirates; Pirates in Court; Private Security; International Response; Piracy Cost; Seafarers' Plight; And Finally...; Piracy Incidents; Situational Map

East Africa

Somali pirates have kidnapped nine Yemeni fishermen while they were fishing in the territorial water of the Arabian Sea, Yemen's Interior Ministry said on Monday - Yemen Post.

The ministry said the investigations are ongoing to know the place of the fishermen and their boat.

Yemen had frequently called on the international community to activate cooperation and coordination to combat piracy and the attacks against trading and fishing ships off the Somali boats.

Yemeni officials say Yemen's coast guards could manage to overcome piracy, pointing out that it lack potentials, equipment, and training of cadres.

Yemeni analysts said piracy could only be ended if the Somali government was strengthened and its security services become able to perform its duties.

The Yemeni Coast Guard Authority (YCG) arrested more that a dozen of Somali pirates in Yemeni waters – though this doesn’t account for those picked up by international fleets more than 12 miles off the coast. Read more.

On Saturday 14 April Spanish warship ESPS Reina Sofia, who is now operating as part of the EU’s counter-piracy mission, Operation Atalanta, stopped a Yemeni dhow that was suspected of carrying armed Somali pirates. The French Air Force Awacs E3F, FS Dixmude and her helicopters, as well as an Australian Maritime Patrol and Reconnaisance Aircraft (MPRA) contributed to this operation. As a result they were able to successfully release 4 innocent Somali crewmen who were being held as hostages onboard, according toEUNAVFOR.

Spanish Marines boarded the dhow that was believed to have been used as a mother ship and related to several pirate attacks in the area. After transferring the 20 men from the dhow to Reina Sofia, four of the men were quickly identified as innocent Somali crewmembers and they are now being cared for by the Spanish crew. Two Yemeni crew had reportedly already been let go by the suspect pirates after the dhow was pirated in late March.

As a result of her actions, Reina Sofia took out the threat of 16 pirates and their use of the dhow as a mother ship to attack merchant shipping in the Indian Ocean. The dhow and the Somali crew can now return safely to the homeport in Yemen.

As neither the crew of the dhow, nor the master of the attacked merchant vessel filed a complaint, the 16 suspected pirates will be released.

War planes fired several missiles at a suspected Somali pirate base in the north of the war-torn country, wounding two civilians, a coastguard official said Tuesday, reports AFP.

"Unknown military jets fired several missiles near the village of Gumah, elders told us at least two civilians were injured," said Mohamed Abdirahman, a coastguard.

Witnesses said the aircraft struck the northeastern coastal village lying some 220 kilometres (140 miles) east of Bossaso, the main port of Somalia's breakaway Puntland state.

"Two aircraft attacked the village, which is between Hafun and Bargal towns. ... It came from the sea, and I think they were targeting pirates," said Muse Jama, an elder.

Several other witnesses confirmed the bombardment, but could not give further details of the planes.

"Officials in the area are investigating the incident," Abdirahman added, speaking from Bossaso.

Kalashnikov-wielding pirates prowl far out across the Indian Ocean from their bases in northern Somalia, seizing foreign ships which they hold for several months demanding multi-million-dollar ransoms.

Last month the European Union authorised its navies to strike Somali pirate equipment on land, with a mandate for warships or helicopters to fire at fuel barrels, boats, trucks or other equipment stowed away on beaches.

However, it was not possible to establish which nation the aircraft belonged to, and the EU force have not yet said they have ever launched such an attack. Read more.

Officials in Somalia’s semi-autonomous region of Puntland have blamed the western anti-piracy task forces in Somali coast for the air raid which two local fishermen were wounded on Tuesday in Gumbah district east of Bosasso, RBC Radio reports.

An air raid carried by two war planes wounded two local fishermen in the coastal district of Gumbah, 200km east of the commercial port town of Bosasso.

“The forces claiming that they protect the pirates in the sea have targeted civilians in Gumbah district. This is totally unacceptable.” The director general of the ministry of marine resources, ports and fisheries of Puntland Abdiwahid Mohamed Jo’ar told reporters in Bosasso today.

Asked whether Puntland administration had contacts with the NATO and the European Union anti piracy forces in the Somali coast on Tuesday’s air raid, Mr. Jo’ar said they did nothing.

“They have caused a great fear in the region due to this act; the local fishermen could not go to fish because they fear of to be targeted.” He said.

Mr. Jo’ar said the Puntland administration condemns shelling against civilians in its territory while also not informed any operations in the area.

“We see this action as irresponsibility and intentionally against the international laws.” Mr. Jo’ar added.

The criticism by Puntland official came as local outrage against the western anti piracy mission grows in the region since Tuesday.

There were no comments available from the combined mission of European Union’s anti-piracy military and NATO task force mission operating in the Somali coast.

The pirate gang holding the six hostages from hijacked vessel MV Leopard, fought over the weekend following a dispute over the ongoing ransom negotiations. The rift resulted in pirate leader, Ilyagoon to take the hostages from the Fatxi gang by force from Hobyo, and move them to Garacad. Somalia Report spoke with Ali Jareer, a member of the pirate gang, who confirmed the development.

"The issue is that the pirates had not signed a contract, which prompted distrust between the various pirate commanders involved. Fatxi and Xaye Hurde, the gang leaders, were planning to release the hostages for $4 million, but Ilyagoon suspected that the actual ransom amount was higher. This is what precipitated the fight - thankfully there were no casualties. On Saturday afternoon, Ilyagoon and some of his special guards managed to grab the hostages and move them to Garacad," Ali Jareer told Somalia Report from Hobyo.

A pirate in Harardheere said that Ilyagoon moved the hostages to the outskirts of Garacad, where his clan, the Dir, is more dominant. Fatxi and Xayle Hurde are both from the Sacad clan. The group is one of largest and most powerful operating out of Hobyo and Harardheere.

The incident provides some interesting insight into pirate group dynamics. While it is widely believed that Somalia's social structures are rigidly built around clan lines, there are plethora of exceptions, particularly within the pirate community. Piracy is a for profit business, and gang leaders are well aware of the benefits of recruiting along meritocratic lines rather than clan bias. As evidenced in this case, however, clan alliances will always offer an attractive refuge. Read more.

The Spanish navy 'Infanta Elena on Thursday rescued six Sri Lankan fishermen captured by Somali pirates along their fishing vessels six months ago - Bernama.com .

A patrol team had intercepted and boarded the hijacked vessel as part of 'Operation Atalanta', the European Union operation to fight piracy in the Western waters of the Indian Ocean.

On board the fishing vessel were seven suspected Somali pirates, along with six Sri Lankan fishermen, the initial crew of the ship. Both groups were medically checked on board and were provided with food and water, China's Xinhua news agency quoted the Spanish navy.

Meanwhile, the rescued fishermen have spoken to their relatives in Sri Lanka on the phone Thursday night and have assured them that they are unharmed.

They have appealed to authorities to make arrangements for their immediate repatriation.

The pirates had asked for a ransom of US$6 million to release the fishermen and threatened to kill the fishermen unless the money was given.

In January last year, Somali pirates killed two Sri Lankan fishermen and took another three as hostages after their vessel got lost in the Indian Ocean.

Tanzania has arrested five suspected Somali pirates on an island close to its natural gas reserves in the southern part of the east African country, the army said on Friday, according to Reuters - OCEANUSLive.

Tanzania's coastline is fast becoming a major gas hub with major discoveries made there.

"The Tanzanian navy arrested the pirates in their skiff on April 18 near the Songsongo gas fields. Each of the five pirates was found in possession of a sub-machine gun," Tanzanian army spokesman Kapambale Mgawe said.

Mgawe said the mother ship used by the pirates was formerly a Sri Lankan fishing vessel with six crew members on board. Read more.

West Africa

NSTR

Southeast Asia

Armed pirates boarded a Panama-registered product tanker late Sunday while the vessel was sailing from Singapore to Vietnam, regional piracy watchdog ReCAAP said in an advisory issued Monday, reports Platts.com.

The 6,368 dwt and 1190-built Great Fish was boarded by seven men 20 nautical miles northeast of Horsburgh Lighthouse, which is between Singapore and Indonesia's Pulau Bintan, stealing cash and other valuables before escaping. The tanker's crew is safe.

This is the first such incident reported from this area since the beginning of this year, according to ReCAAP.

The waters around Singapore, Malaysia and the neighboring islands of Indonesia are key shipping channels for oil and gas tankers sailing to the Far East.

Also, Singapore is an oil trading hub with several storage terminals dotting its nautical waters as well as it's the world's largest bunkering port.

"This incident involved pirates who were reportedly armed with guns. Although the guns were not discharged, ship masters and crew operating in the vicinity were advised to exercise enhanced vigilance with all around look-out, and take necessary precautionary measures," ReCAAP said in its advisory.

It has warned shipmasters to stay vigilant while operating in waters close to where the incident happened.

Tighter maritime security measures are paying off in Asia. Lloyd’s List article this week reported fewer incidents in Malaysia, the South China Sea and the Straits of Malacca and Singapore, said the Regional Co-operation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia - Shiptalk.

Key contributing factors included “the increase in surveillance measures carried out by the authorities, better situation awareness among the shipping fraternity and anti-piracy measures adopted by ship masters and crew”, Singapore-based ReCAAP said.

Although Asia’s maritime security improved during the first quarter of this year compared to the year-ago period, with fewer reported armed robberies and thefts, Indonesia is emerging as an incident hotspot, an inter-government study has found.

Altogether, 38 incidents – including 35 actual ones and three attempted ones – were reported in the January-March period, down from 48 incidents that included 38 attacks and 10 attempts in the first quarter of 2011. Read more.

NSTR.

A Somali man U.S. authorities consider the highest-ranking pirate they have ever captured will go on trial in Virginia under a cloud of uncertainty about what the definition of piracy is - WAVY.com.

Mohammad Saaili Shibin is charged with piracy for his role in the hijacking of an American yacht in which all four passengers on board were shot and killed. Jury selection begins Tuesday.

Shibin's case is unique because he never set foot on the Quest. Prosecutors say he acted as a land-based hostage negotiator.

The federal judge in the case has been waiting for a federal appeals court to rule on the definition of piracy in another case. At issue is whether piracy is limited to robbery at sea. It's unclear if a ruling will happen before Shibin's trial ends.

Jury selection in the case of a Somali man accused of being a pirate negotiator will go into a second day - Houston Chronicle.

Mohammad Saaili Shibin faces piracy, weapons and other charges for his role in the 2011 hijacking of an American yacht off the coast of Africa. All four passengers onboard were shot and killed several days after their sailboat was captured.

More than 70 prospective jurors showed up to the federal courthouse in Norfolk on Tuesday. U.S. District Judge Robert Doumar dismissed about a dozen jurors and said he planned to have a jury seated by noon Wednesday. He stopped jury selection short Tuesday because someone was involved in a bad car accident. He did not say who that was or how that person is related to the case.

Federal prosecutors have started making their case against a Somali man they say is a pirate negotiator - Fox News.

Mohammad Saaili Shibin faces piracy, hostage-taking and other charges for his role in the hijacking of a German merchant ship as well as an American yacht off the coast of Africa. All four passengers on the sailboat were shot and killed. Prosecutors said in opening arguments Wednesday that the crew of the German ship was tortured for months as Shibin negotiated a $5 million ransom.

Shibin attorney James Broccoletti told jurors in Virginia that Shibin was only acting as a mediator to help the hostages on the merchant ship. He also said Shibin never agreed to negotiate the release of the Americans aboard the Quest.

The trial is expected to last several weeks.

Testimony about torture aboard a hijacked German ship off the coast of Somalia is expected to resume during a federal piracy trial in Virginia - WSET.com.

A Ukranian crewmember aboard the Marida Marguerite told jurors Wednesday that he was tortured in 2010 by Somali pirates.

The testimony was heard in the case of Mohammad Saaili Shibin, who has been charged with piracy, hostage-taking and other federal charges in connection with the ship's hijacking. Shibin also faces charges in the hijacking of an American yacht in which all four passengers were shot and killed. The trial resumes Thursday morning.

Prosecutors say Shibin acted as a hostage negotiator aboard the German ship for several months. Shibin's attorney contends he was merely acting as a mediator trying to help secure the release of the hostages.

A crewmember from a German ship that was hijacked in 2010 testified Thursday that Somali pirates threatened to execute him at knifepoint, suffocated him by placing a plastic bag over his head and led him to believe the ship's captain had been killed during his eight-month ordeal - Seattle PI.

Ukrainian Oleg Dereglazov also said one crew member had his genitals painfully tied together with plastic ties and that he was threatened with the same action if he didn't tell them where extra fuel aboard the ship was hidden, although he repeatedly told them there wasn't any.

He detailed the torture aboard the Marida Marguerite on Thursday during 53-year-old Mohammad Saaili Shibin's trial.

Shibin has been charged with piracy, hostage-taking and other federal charges in connection with the ship's hijacking. Shibin also faces charges in the hijacking of an American yacht in which all four passengers were shot and killed.

[VIDEO] Hostile pirates cause case halt. Unruly behaviour forced a magistrate to stop proceedings in a Kenya courtroom (via @youtube) NTV Kenya

The hearing of a piracy case in which witnesses were to testify via video link failed to proceed after twenty-four suspected Somali pirates became unruly forcing the magistrate to stop proceedings and go back to his chambers. The accused were charged with piracy, where it was alleged that on October 20, 2010 attacked a fishing vessel christened FV Ariya and at the time of such act used violence against the crew.

Eleven Somalis were on Thursday sentenced to a 20-year jail term for attacking a French naval ship - Business Daily Africa .

Mombasa court Principal magistrate Mr S.K. Gacheru declined to have the accused serve their sentence in Somalia as they had pleaded during mitigation.

Mr Gacheru instead ordered that they be deported to Somalia upon completion of their sentence.

The court noted that the offence was serious and that it had endangered the lives of the crew of the French naval ship, Nivose.

The magistrate said the offence called for a deterrent sentence to act as a warning to others who might have the intention of committing a similar offence.

The accused are Ahmed Abikadir,Abdirahim Mohamed,Abdullahi Salat,Abdullahi Yusuf,Abdullahi Mohamud,Abdi Dahir,Ahmed Maalim,Ahmed Hassan,Ahmed Mohamed,Abshir Ahmed and Omar Ibrahim.

They allegedly committed the offence while armed with two AK 47 rifles, an RPG 7, six RPG launchers and a knife attacked the naval ship on May 3 2009 upon the high seas.

State counsel Catherine Mwaniki urged the court to impose a harsh sentence on the accused citing the seriousness of the offence and economic costs incurred.

“The accused are not of Kenyan origin, their nationalities have not been established, there are no records of their previous convictions in the country and that they may be treated as first offenders” Ms Mwaniki added.

Lawyer Ng’etich Samson representing the accused called upon the court to consider that the accused did not board the naval ship during the incident and that at no point was ransom paid.

The judgement was prepared by Principal magistrate Karimi Mwangi who has since been transferred but was delivered by Mr Gacheru.

The eleven pirates now join list of other Somalis who have been convicted and sentenced by Kenyan courts foir piracy in the high seas.

Kenya prosecuted its first piracy case in the year 2006 and has since been receiving and prosecuting suspected Somali pirates captured by international forces patrolling international the Indian Ocean.

The German online magazine Der Spiegel has published a gallery of photos under the title 'Tough but Lucrative Times for Somali Pirates'. A few follow below. See the full galleryHERE.


Pirates in Hargeisa prison	Female security guards at the jail	Under-resourced Coastguard

The international shipping industry and the governments that are ostensibly supposed to protect it have begun to radically rethink their long-held aversion to private armed protection at sea, writes Patrick Cullen in Eurasia Foreign Policy. The shift illustrates the inability and/or unwillingness of states to provide security, and presages potential ethical and legal controversy as the lines between commerce and state authority become increasingly blurred.

For decades, both the international shipping industry and the governing bodies that oversee it have been critical of the concept of putting armed guards on commercial vessels in order to protect them from violence -- and piracy in particular -- at sea. From the perspective of private industry, hiring armed guards has traditionally been viewed as a costly and risky move that creates more liabilities (financial, legal, and reputational) than it resolves. Furthermore, the shipping industry has also balked at the idea of paying for a service that it expects the world's navies to provide for them free of charge.

As recently as June 2010, a host of public and commercial maritime industry stakeholders -- including major shipping organizations -- explicitly stated that "the use of armed guards is not recommended" in a Best Management Practices maritime security document designed to offer shippers advice to mitigate the threat from Somali piracy.

States and international organizations such as the U.N. International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Maritime Bureau have long underscored the importance of maintaining the classic division between the state and the market, with the former maintaining a monopoly of the legitimate use of force, and the latter enjoying the privileges granted by this state protection.

The shift toward the acceptance of armed private security on ships has been recent and dramatic. In an unprecedented announcement last May, the IMO issued guidance to governments and shippers on how to engage with "privately contracted armed security personnel," and many states have followed in the IMO's wake, issuing similar policy announcements outlining their acceptance of armed private security teams operating onboard commercial vessels. And only weeks ago, on March 28th, BIMCO, the world's largest international shipping organization, issued a standardized guard contract (GUARDCON) intended to help shipping companies responsibly select and manage teams of armed guards provided by specialized maritime private security companies. The same maritime industry players that were traditionally averse to the idea of placing armed guards on commercial vessels have now positioned themselves as key players involved in legitimizing this practice. This includes maritime insurance brokers and Protection and Indemnity insurance clubs that have begun to accept, and even endorse, the use of private armed security at sea. Read more. Image: courtesy of @vanderfelix.

It has recently come to the attention of Nexus Consulting that a video of an armed anti-piracy security team embarked on ship (that appears to shoot at small skiff) has been released on the internet Yahoo.com (PRWeb). This viral video has unfortunately painted private security in a poor light.

"As president of Nexus Consulting, a leading provider of armed security teams in the defense of mariners against Somali pirates, I would like to personally note that though we are operating quite regularly conducting anti-piracy missions, the team in this video is not a Nexus team," noted Kevin Doherty, President of Nexus.

Though the validity of the video has not yet been verified (as no security firm has come forward to accept responsibility for the incident), the video is troubling on a number of levels.

Life is precious, and great care needs to be given by any security firm hired to provide defense. Threat identification, proper Use of Force (UoF) understanding and incident de-escalation need to be paramount components of every security guard's training.

The Use of Force model is the cornerstone of any security firm. Nexus is thus calling on all security firms working in the maritime arena to review their Use of Force policies. In support of this, Nexus is proudly showcasing their cornerstone UoF policies to clarify any concerns.

Further, Nexus is calling on SAMI to conduct a through review of the incident to ensure that only the highest standards of service are being rendered through the association, and if needed, sanction the firm in the video. Security associations must ensure that firms are held accountable for their actions (and public statements) to ensure governance is not merely a paper tiger.

As an aid to ship owners, Nexus is offering ten simple questions that should help vet any potential security firm they may consider to utilize - available HERE.

Things are going to get very rough for Somali pirates in the near future, if resolutions made during the third Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS) in Cape Town, South Africa, are translated into action - Digital Journal.

It must be said, judging from the determination displayed, they will. Digital Journal attended the conference, which was ended on Friday. The symposium is considered to be of key importance in coordinating the fight against pirates, as well as other criminals, such as polluters and those involved in the smuggling of human beings.

On the diplomatic front, such meetings of the commanders, or “chiefs” of navies are considered to be just below the importance of the UN. Rear Admiral Robert “Rusty” Higgs told me in an informal talk on the sidelines of the symposium that for example, the International Seapower Symposium (ISS) held every two years at the US Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island, had as much importance in diplomatic terms as a meeting of the UN. He pointed to the fact that the top commanders of the world’s naval forces could talk about practical matters without being distracted by politics.

This determination to get things done was palpable throughout the three days and the opening evening of IONS. The German Navy trains regularly with the South African Navy, in a joint exercise series held biennially codenamed “Good Hope”. The recently-held Exercise Good Hope V was used as a test of the two navies’ counter-piracy abilities.

SA Navy chief Vice-Admiral Johannes Mudimu has called on African countries to invest more in protecting their seas from piracy - Independent Online.

Speaking at the four-day maritime security conference in Cape Town that ended at the weekend, Mudimu urged the governments of Indian Ocean countries to invest in their navies, equipping them so they have the ships and equipment necessary to patrol the “length and breadth of their territorial waters”.

“We are trying to use resources to bring stability on the Indian Ocean. Governments need to promote the training of our officers, both on land and at sea, because pirates can disguise themselves as fishermen on land and at sea,” he said.

Last year Mudimu proposed a maritime security strategy and action plan that called on Southern Africa Development Community countries to help their navies work together to overcome piracy. SADC’s justice committee is looking at what legislation would be required to get member countries to beef up their navies. Read more.

All of Qatar Liquefied Gas Co’s tankers have armed guards on board to prevent piracy, Alaa Abu Jbara, the company’s chief operating officer, said on Monday, reports Arabian Business.

No QatarGas ships have been attacked so far and the rhythm of attacks by pirates on shipping in the Gulf region is slowing down, he said at the Flame conference in Amsterdam, Bloomberg reported.

Gulf concerns including threats to shut shipping lanes, persistent piracy and volatile oil prices need a global response, the UAE's economy minister said earlier this month. Read more.

An extract of recent questions on Somalia in the UK House of Parliament:

Roger Williams: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs if he will make representations to his counterparts in countries surrounding Somalia to act collectively against acts of piracy. [103014]

Mr Bellingham: Regional engagement is at the heart of our counter-piracy strategy for piracy off the coast of Somalia. This is why we invited representatives from over 50 countries to London in February for the Conference on Somalia, including high-level representation from a number of key regional countries. As Minister for Africa, I have engaged regularly with my counterparts in these countries, and in particular I worked closely with my counterparts in Kenya, Tanzania, the Seychelles and Mauritius to secure a regional burden-sharing agreement to further our collective efforts to tackle the scourge of piracy. I am committed to ensuring that this close dialogue and cooperation with countries in the region continues.

With the recent failure of Navy anti-pirate drones early this month, the US Marine Corps is taking a more traditional stance against the Somali pirates. This month the 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit’s (MEU) Maritime Raid Force began training at Camp Pendleton and Naval Base San Diego with Special Operations Training Group, I Marine Expeditionary Force, to learn the skills needed to take back pirated ships by force - gCaptain.

The Maritime Raid Force (MRF) is a special operations force designed to carry out raids against maritime objectives including gas and oil platforms, ships and ports. “The MRF performs small scale precision raids as well as maritime interdiction operations in support of MEU operations,” said Gunnery Sgt. Jason P. Fitzgerald, MRF staff non-commissioned officer in charge, Command Element, 15th MEU.

The MRF is composed of three elements, assault, security and headquarters. The assault element, those with boots on board ship, is made up of Marines and sailors from Force Reconnaissance Company of the 15th MEU. They are assisted by servicemembers from a Security Platoon, Marines from the Command Element and sailors from a Air Naval Gunfire Liaison Company fill the headquarters element. Working together they make an impressive small scale strike anti-pirate force. Read more.

Image - Marines from the 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit's Maritime Raid Force (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. Timothy Childers)

Germany could fly bombing missions into Somalia to destroy pirate bases, if a plan set to be discussed in cabinet on Wednesday is adopted. The idea has infuriated opposition parties who described it as senseless and dangerous, says The Local.

The European Union anti-pirate mission “Atalanta” which has for the last three years been patrolling around the Horn of Africa, currently involves up to ten ships at any one time – in an ocean area nearly the size of Europe.

Expanding the mandate to include airborne missions up to two kilometres inland to target “logistic facilities of the pirates” as the text describes it, has infuriated German opposition parties.

Green Party defence expert Omid Nouripour said it was “a bad, senseless adventure,” while his counterpart from the Social Democrats, Rainer Arnold said his party would either vote against or abstain in a parliamentary poll.

If enough of Angela Merkel’s conservative and liberal governing party members rebel, they could sink Germany’s participation in the expanded mandate.

The Bundeswehr has criticised the EU mandate expansion, expressing amazement that for example, the physical extent of the missions had already been set – giving pirates the opportunity to react by, for example, simply moving their bases further inland.

Germany provides the biggest ship of the “Atalanta” fleet, the “Berlin”, which can hold up to 230 people. The mandate expansion would only include flying missions – troops would only engage on the ground in exceptional circumstances such as rescue missions.

The German government on Wednesday approved an extension of the European Union's anti-piracy operation off the Horn of Africa to include targeting equipment stored on Somali beaches - MSN News.

The cabinet gave the green light to the expanded mission which is expected to win final approval in a parliamentary vote next month.

The EU's Operation Atalanta has deployed between five and 10 warships off the Somali coast since 2008 to escort humanitarian aid shipments and thwart pirate raids on commercial vessels using vital shipping lanes.

EU foreign ministers last month agreed to extend the mission until December 2014 and expand "the force's area of operations to include Somali coastal territory as well as its territorial and internal waters".

Warships or helicopters would be permitted to fire at fuel barrels, boats, trucks or other equipment stowed away on beaches.

The German mandate, which runs until May 31, 2013, limits such strikes to an area two kilometres (1.2 miles) in from the coastline and says German troops will only be permitted to go on land in cases of emergency. Read more.

The government is considering sending more Maltese soldiers to take part in an EU, anti-piracy mission off the Somali coast - Times of Malta.

Following a recent EU decision to extend Operation Atalanta by two years until the end of 2014, a government spokesman said that Malta would continue to take part in the mission, primarily through a fixed presence at the operation’s headquarters in the UK. It was also possible more troops would be deployed to take part directly in action in the troubled area.

“Malta intends to maintain a presence in the operation’s headquarters and is also considering the option of contributing further to this mission in the future with another vessel protection detachment (VPD),” the spokesman said.

Since the beginning of the operation at the end of 2008, Malta has constantly deployed an Armed Forces of Malta officer to the UK headquarters of the operation. The deployment lasts for six-month.

In 2010, a memorandum of understanding was signed with the Dutch Ministry of Defence that catered for a 12-person (two officers and 10 other ranks) Maltese VPD to serve on the Dutch naval vessel HNLMS Johan de Witt.

Malta last year extended its support by deploying a second VPD – also comprising 12 people – on board the Dutch naval vessel HNLMS Zuiderkruis.

In both cases, the detachment, together with the Dutch parent vessel, successfully protected World Food Programme and African Union-chartered shipping.

Image - (Maltese soldier practise to take on Somali pirates)

India and the EU will be working together to help tackle a problem that has dealt severe harm to international shipping - The Bangladesh Chronicle.

The worst affected areas lie off the coast of Somalia, Yemen, the Singapore Strait and Indonesia,” explains the EU’s new ambassador to India, Joao Cravinho.

In 2011, according to International Maritime Bureau figures, there were 439 verified attacks on merchant vessels worldwide, of which 237 involved Somali pirates. Twenty-eight of the 45 hijackings happened off the Somali coast.

Piracy has had a profound impact on the international shipping industry. Nagesh Rao, a senior Indian Shipping Ministry official, said shipping companies are being forced to take out war insurance to guard against the risk. Alarmed over the prospect of hijacking, their crews are demanding huge compensation.

Rao said shipping lines based in the EU, South Korea and Japan have been requesting help from India in securing their ships. To date no Indian merchant vessel has been attacked, but Indian seamen have been kidnapped and freed only after ransoms were paid by their EU employers.

According to Cravinho, the problem has made it increasingly harder for European shipping companies – already reeling from losses caused by the global economic downturn — to stay in the red. “The menace of piracy is causing deep distress because it is pushing up insurance costs by 1,000%,” he told Khabar South Asia.

Now Delhi and Brussels appear poised to tackle maritime piracy through co-ordinated action. At a high level EU-India summit in New Delhi on Friday (February 10th), India formalized its co-operation with Europe’s “Operation Atalanta”.

Under the accord, they will work together to fight piracy off the coast of Africa through co-ordinated patrolling and intelligence sharing. Read more.

The Indian Ocean is targeted by pirates, illegal fishers and other criminals due to its rich marine resources and high volume of international trade, says history professor Thean Potgieter - Independent Online.

Potgieter said 42 percent of global conflicts took place in the Indian Ocean because the region was rich in minerals and fishing grounds and had many trade and choke points.

He was addressing delegates in his personal capacity at a three-day Indian Ocean Naval Symposium in Cape Town, which ended on Friday.

Potgieter works for the Public Administration Leadership and Management Academy.

“The Indian Ocean region has 51 coastal and landlocked states, a sea area of 68.56 million square kilometres, a land area of 33.05 million square kilometres and a population of 2.6 billion,” he said.

He observed that the region’s geographical size and population contributed to the Indian Ocean becoming “the most troubled region”.

Potgieter said states in the region were big spenders on the military, despite many facing poverty.

He said the high concentration of containers as well as poor physical security made the region’s ports vulnerable to the extent that many crimes went unreported. Read more.

Somali native and U.S. African Chamber of Commerce (USACC) President Martin Mohammed is calling for an urgent solution to Somali Piracy, which directly affects the Somali people and creates an international trade roadblock - Insurance News Net. Somali Piracy has contributed to a drastic food shortage, resulting in the death of thousands of Somalis. Piracy in the nation has also created the need for High Risk Management Insurance for vessels traveling in the Indian Ocean.

Other issues directly resulting from Somali Piracy include kidnapping and subsequent ransom payments to Somali groups and international financiers. These financiers may be connected to unknown groups that could create even more damage in the future. Double Piracy of the Somali Republic is also a critical issue demanding attention, including over-fishing by European companies operating with huge shipping factories that have the ability to package for next-day market delivery. The dumping of chemical and nuclear waste is also a serious issue affecting Somalia and international trade.

“The lack of international solutions with respect to international law in the Somali Nation is stunning,” said USACC President Martin Mohammed. The USACC, headquartered in Washington, D.C., fosters African economic development to create and sustain prosperity and strengthen America. The organization also promotes international trade between African businesses in the United States and the African Continent. “Piracy today has become the best-paying job and the only significant opportunity in Somalia,” Mohammed continued. “A Somali youth can make $10,000 per trip, as opposed to the average yearly income at less than $600. The Piracy business is booming, small towns are being created, and some members of the local authority are making money to finance their legitimacy.” Read more.

See US piracy case HERE.

Danish oil and shipping group A.P. Moller-Maersk said on Monday partner and shipowner Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller died on April 16 -Reuters.

Mc-Kinney Moller, born on July 13 in 1913, died at the age of 98 years.

He became executive officer and chairman of the A.P. Moller-Maersk Group following his father's death in 1965 and was the Chief Executive Officer until 1993, the group said in a statement.

A South African yacht with seven people on board, among them two South Africans, has gone missing on a cruise between the island Mayotte in the Indian Ocean and Pemba in northern Mozambique - Mail & Guardian Online.

A plane from the European Union's anti-piracy force in Djibouti began searching for the yacht on Sunday, while all ships in the area were warned to be on the lookout for pirates.

The captain of the missing yacht is John Sergel, a South African from Durban, and his co-skipper is Izabella Moallic, a French citizen.

Also on the cruise were Gianvieve Mancuso, an American, and her German husband Alexander Weyhe, British passport holder Jason Morenikeji, South African Frank Joubert and Dutch citizen Jasper van Straaten.

The owner of the yacht, Roger Hartley, told Beeld newspaper that because of the different nationalities of the passengers, authorities from all the involved countries had been drawn into the search.

Radio contact was last made on Tuesday around 6pm, when the group notified Mayotte port authorities that they had reached open waters.

According to Hartley, the yacht has a beacon on board that would have emitted a signal if the yacht had met with an accident, and thus far, no such signal had been received.

Meanwhile, the Daily Mail reports:

A British man who was feared captured by pirates in the Indian Ocean, along with seven other people has been located this morning with all on board safe and well.

Jason Morenikeji, disappeared last week off the coast of Mozambique and maritime rescuers were dispatched to search for the vessel amid fears the group had been captured by pirates, which are known to target foreigners in the waters.

A spokesman for the Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre on the island of Reunion said the yacht had suffered technical problems and was now motoring slowly towards Pemba.

He said: 'The Dandelion was spotted this morning by an air force plane.

'The pilots made contact with it and the captain informed them that all on board remained well.

'It is now around 20 nautical miles from Pemba and is making its way slowly towards the port.'

Officials said it was believed the catamaran had suffered a motor breakdown in the ocean and had been left without communication.

It was due to arrive in Pemba later today or tomorrow. Read more.

£14m of drugs used to fund terrorist activity will never reach their destination thanks to a major bust by HMS Westminster - Navy News.

The Portsmouth-based warship intercepted a suspicious dhow in the Indian Ocean, seizing over 70 bales containing more than 180kg of pure heroin.

This is the moment the men and women of HMS Westminster prepare to board a drugs smuggler in the Indian Ocean – seizing £14m of pure heroin in the process.

The Portsmouth-based frigate pounced with her Merlin helicopter and combined Royal Marines and Royal Navy boarding teams receiving orders to search for, intercept and board a suspicious vessel.

They did – and found more than 70 bales of pure heroin, weighing more than 180kg (nearly 400lbs) on the dhow; it’s estimated the drugs have a street value of US $22m – just shy of £14m. Read more.

Image - Navy News (GOTCHA)

Hijacks:

None.

Unsuccessful Attacks/Robberies (All regions):

South China Sea - LATE Report | 15 pirates armed with knives and guns boarded a Thailand product tanker, V.L.6, underway at 0200 LT in position 01:50.10N - 104:28E, Pedra Branca, Malaysia. They chased the duty crew and entered the accommodation. They mustered the crew, tied their hands, entered and stole personal effects and escaped after 45 minutes. One crew was injured in the incident. Reported (via IMB) 25 Mar.
Gulf of Guinea - LATE Report | Two robbers armed with machine guns boarded an anchored Liberia-flagged tanker, SCF Provider, at 0025 UTC in position 04:43N - 001:35E, 9nm from Lome breakwater, Lome, Togo. The robbers entered the engine room and accommodations. Alert crew raised the alarm and all crew retreated into the citadel. Attempts to contact the authorities failed by the sister ship of the vessel in the vicinity relayed the area message to the Togo navy. A naval team boarded the vessel for investigation. No injuries were sustained by crew. Reported (via IMB) 12 Apr.
Singapore Straits - LATE Report | About four robbers in a boat attempted to board an anchored Bahamas-flagged bulk carrier, Seapowet, at 0510 LT in position 06:01.2N - 001:17.3E, Singapore Straits. Alert duty crew noticed them and raised the alarm resulting in the robbers aborting the attempt. Reported (via IMB) 12 Apr.
Mozambique Channel - Seven pirates armed with automatic weapons in a skiff chased and fired upon a Philippines-flagged bulk carrier, Canarsie Princess, underway at 1116 UTC in position 11:18S - 041:00E, approx 40nm E of Mocimboa da Praia, Mozambique Channel. Master raised alarm, took evasive manoeuvres, informed UKMTO and crew mustered. After chasing the vessel for 20 minutes the pirates aborted the attempted attack due to the hardening measures taken by the ship and the adverse sea conditions 13 Apr.
(Approach) Arabian Sea - Seven pirates armed with guns in a skiff approached a Hong Kong-flagged chemical tanker, Alpine Minute, in position 16:54N - 065:59E at 0652 UTC. Alarm sounded and armed security team mustered. When the skiff was 0.5nm from the tanker the armed security team fired warning shots and the skiff aborted the approach. A mother vessel was sighted in the vicinity in position 16:49N - 065:56E (via radar). Reported 14 Apr.
South China Sea - Seven armed pirates boarded a Panama-flagged tanker, Great Fish, at 2200 LT in position 01:35N - 104:37E, approx 20nm NE of Horsbrugh Lt Hse off Singapore. The pirates threatened the crew with guns and knives, stealing money and personal possessions before escaping in a waiting boat. No crew were injured. The Agent reported the incident to the authorities. Reported (via ReCAAP) 15 Apr.
South China Sea - During rounds on deck duty AB onboard an anchored S Korea-flagged bulk carrier noticed a boat near the forecastle at 0520 LT in position 01:10.6S - 117:15E, Samarinda anchorage (Muara Jawa), Indonesia. Suddenly eight robbers appeared on deck, tied the AB's hands and feet, made him lie down on deck and started lowering the mooring ropes. The AB managed to free his feet and ran aft for help and inform duty officer. Alarm raised and all crew proceeded to the forecastle. Robbers manage to escape with stolen ships stores and ships properties. Local authorities informed but received no response. Reported (via IMB) 20 Apr.

EUNAVFOR figures state 8 vessels and an estimated 227 hostages held captive (Updated 1 7 Apr). Somalia Report indicates 280 hostages held from 21 captured vessels with a further 25 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 305 hostages.

Vessels are reminded that the coalition forces' warships may not be in the vicinity of a pirate attack, subsequently, it is emphasised that seafarers can greatly reduce their chances of being pirated if they follow precautions as recommended in the Best Management Practices, increasing speed and carrying out evasive manoeuvres is a proven deterrent to piracy attacks. BMP version 4 is available at the link above; a high resolution version can be downloaded here.

Vessels are advised to exercise extreme caution when navigating in the vicinity of any reported positions of attacks and maintain maximum CPA with any ship acting suspiciously. Additionally, registration of vessel movement with MSC(HOA) prior to transiting the region is recommended.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity (Click on Map for Larger View)

OCEANUSLive.org permits the reproduction of this image providing source and link are published (Map ToU)

Any suspicious activity should be reported to UKMTO in Dubai in the first instance (Email UKMTO or Telephone+971 50 552 3215) and on entering the UKMTO Voluntary Reporting Area (VRA) bound by Suez, 78E and 10S.

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David Cameron's Anti Piracy Plan Hits A Snag

Sun, 22 Apr 2012 19:24:46 UTC

David Cameron anti-piracy operation hits a South African snag

Source: Telegraph.co.uk

By Aislinn Laing, Johannesburg

David Cameron's plans to allow British ships travelling around Africa to carry private armed guards to combat the threat of piracy have been dealt a blow after South Africa insisted they be military.

David Cameron Armed Guards Plan

Photo: Getty Images/Telegraph

Lindiwe Sisulu, South Africa's defence minister, told the Daily Telegraph she had already received a request from Britain and other European countries to allow ships with armed protection to pass through South African waters.

She said she would insist they were military personnel to facilitate dealings with South African marines boarding the ships to inspect them.

British military sources say the plan would be "totally unworkable" because the UK lacks the capacity to staff civilian ships with troops.

They also warned it would put Britain at risk of international diplomatic incidents such as the recent case of Italian soldiers shooting dead unarmed Indian fishermen they thought were pirates.

"Just look at what happened off India when the Italian navy got themselves into trouble," one source said. "There's no way on earth that any military personnel would be on UK-flagged ships."

Statistics show no successful pirate attack has been carried out on merchant ships with armed security.

For those without security there have been seven successful hijackings by Somali pirates this year. At present, 13 vessels are being held and 197 hostages.

Last October, Mr Cameron said the UK would authorise ships flying the British merchant navy flag to carry armed security to combat the piracy threat which, experts say, stretches south into the Mozambique Channel towards South Africa.

The new measures prompted a surge in work for private security firms – many of which are staffed by British nationals including large numbers of former service personnel. Other European countries, such as Italy and The Netherlands, have opted to use their own troops.

Miss Sisulu said that all ships passing through South African waters would be expected to do the same.

"We will specify that they need to be military personnel from these countries who have asked us for permission, who are accredited and attached to the armed forces of those countries," she said.

"It is easier for our defence forces to deal with military officers than with random private security companies."

Hundreds of British-flagged ships travel around South Africa and into the high risk piracy area to ply eastern trade routes each year, and around 40 per cent currently carry armed guards.

Niklas Rogers, the British director of maritime security firm Kenya Risk Consultants, said private operatives have considerable experience in antipiracy operations, whereas British troops would be ill-prepared for the tough conditions on merchant ships.

"We are not talking about a bunch of guys stepping off ships with fags hanging out of their mouths and guns slung over their backs," he said.

"We are talking about professionals – most of whom will be British – who are well-versed in procedure; comply with customs operations and whose weapons are locked away well before they reach land."

A Ministry of Defence spokesman said the option to provide military protection had already been looked at and ruled out. The Foreign Office said it had not yet made an official request for armed guards on its ships.

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Tanzania Arrests 5 Somali Pirates; Dhow Freed

Fri, 20 Apr 2012 10:47:32 UTC

Suspect Somali Pirates Detained Near Tanzania Gas Fields; Dhow Freed

Source: Reuters

DAR ES SALAAM (Reuters) - Tanzania has arrested five suspected Somali pirates on an island close to its natural gas reserves in the southern part of the east African country, the army said on Friday.

Tanzania's coastline is fast becoming a major gas hub with major discoveries made there.

"The pirates arrested in Tanzania were in close communication with a mother ship that has seven more pirates. A Spanish vessel has managed to arrest the pirates on this mother ship and they are being brought to Tanzania today for custody." [OCEANUSLive - Later report states Nimesha Duwa, hijacked in Oct 2011, with 6 Sri Lankan fishermen, has been freed].

Suspected mothership, Nimesha Duwa sighted in the area

Courtesy of Drum Cussac

Mgawe said the mother ship used by the pirates was formerly a Sri Lankan fishing vessel with six crew members on board.

"The Tanzanian navy has been conducting regular patrols to ensure Somali pirates do not enter our territorial waters from deep seas to carry out attacks," he said.

Last October, Tanzania arrested seven suspected Somali pirates following an attack on an oil and gas exploration ship operated by Brazilian petroleum company Petrobras off the coast of the country.

And last year, it ordered its army to escort ships searching for oil and gas off its coast to protect them from pirates, who are believed to be targeting expatriate workers on exploration ships.

East Africa's second-biggest economy has licensed at least 18 international companies to look for offshore and onshore energy reserves.

The arrest of the five suspects brings to 23 the total number of pirates arrested in Tanzania following attacks in its Indian Ocean territorial waters in the past few years.

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Weekly Piracy Report

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 18:23:10 UTC

7 - 13 April 2012

Kingpin falls: Crew deaths and injuries as vessels released. 'Local' vessel released. Pirates surrender to Danish warship. Rumoured political support to pirates. Escalating piracy off West Africa, including motherships use, sees call for harmonised legistlation. "Catch & Release" criticism. Overcrowded jails and broken judicial systems causing delay in trials and extradition. Private security - simple idea but legal framework is not. Germany reconsiders law change; PMSC 'proliferation' but Brits could be priced out of the market. Armoury in Singapore. UKMTO at work. SA to increase its naval budget as a consequence of piracy threat. Black market weaponry rears up once more. The root cause of piracy requires sustainable solutions. Seafarer's plight and the support for families of the victims. Maersk Alabama crew sue the company. Crashed robot helicopters. The anti-piracy business in Somalia analysed. Piracy stats for March.

Contents:

Regional Activity; Released by Pirates; Pirates in Court; Private Security; International Response; Piracy Cost; Seafarers' Plight; And Finally...; Piracy Incidents; Situational Map

East Africa

One of the 28 rescued crew members of the China-linked cargo ship has been injured by a rebounding bullet shell fired by Somali pirates, Xinhua correspondent reported on Saturday [April 7] - Xinhua.

The Panama-registered cargo ship Xianghuamen was hijacked on Friday morning, at about 8:40 a.m. local time (0410 GMT), by Somali pirates in the Sea of Oman near Iran's southern port of Chabahar.

Later on Friday [April 6], the concerted efforts of the Chinese and Iranian governments led to the successful rescue of all 28 Chinese crew members, Chinese ambassador to Iran Yu Hongyang told Xinhua.

The shell slightly injured the crew member in the head as it rebounded after hitting the wall of the ship.

In Friday's incident, nine Somali pirates climbed onto the cargo ship by their own ladders, fired shots on the ship and seized the Chinese crew members on board,

On Saturday, some of the crew members told Xinhua that they were very scared when they were taken hostages.

On Saturday afternoon, a delegation of the Chinese embassy headed by the ambassador went on board Xianghuamen to greet the rescued crew members on the behalf of Chinese government and Chinese people.

The delegation brought vegetables, pistachio and fruits for the crew members.

According to Xinhua, Iranian navy exchanged fire with the Somali pirates on Friday before the crew members were rescued.

Two Iranian naval warships participating in the rescue operation followed the vessel and ordered the pirates to surrender. The pirates later threw their weapons into the sea and surrendered to the Iranian navy.

The hijacked cargo ship's engine was damaged and is in repair. The ship is to head for the Iranian port of Gask, 70 miles ( about 112 km) away from where the hijacking occurred and 200 miles ( about 322 km) away from the vessel's destination.

An absolutely wild showdown in the northern Indian Ocean between Somali pirates and the Iranian navy appears to have ended with with the Iranians taking one of the world’s most infamous pirates captive, comments Wired.com.

Over the weekend, Mohamed Garad made an ill-fated attempt at hijacking the Xianghuamen, a Panamanian-flagged cargo ship belonging to a Chinese shipping company. Garad may have thought it was his next big haul; some of his earlier ones earned him million-dollar paydays. Instead, Iranian sailors — believe it or not, the good guys of this story — overpowered his crew and clapped him in irons.

Who is Garad? “He was like Carlos the Jackal in the crime world,” Andrew Mwangura of the East African Seafarers Association told Africa Review, which reported Garad’s capture. We’re unable to independently corroborate that report, though.

According to David F. Marley’s Modern Piracy: A Handbook, the “secretive” Garad — it’s not his real name; it means “clan leader” — worked his way up from hijacking small vessels near the Somali fishing port of Eyl to seizing a Japanese bulk carrier, the Stella Maris, for 11 weeks in 2008 before its owners paid him $2 million. Not many people have interviewed Garad. During one of his rare interviews, Marley recounts, Garad appeared “ragged” and his eyes were “scratched raw by constant rubbing — a textbook case of khat withdrawal,” according to interviewer Jay Bahadur [now editor of Somalia Report].

Garad may have been on drugs if he underestimated the Iranian navy. Even the chief naval officer of the United States, Iran’s number-one enemy, has respect for it. “Professional, courteous [and] good mariners,” was how Adm. Jonathan Greenert summed up his Iranian opposites in March. That wasn’t evidently on Garad’s mind this weekend. Read more.

A senior Iranian Navy commander raised the possibility of politically-tainted support for piracy in the region, reports FARS News Agency.

Somali pirates are poor and simple people without any expertise and there might be sort of support behind their activities, Lieutenant Commander of the Iranian Navy Rear Admiral Gholam-Reza Khadem Biqam told reporters on Saturday [April 7].

He added that acting as a pirate needs special knowledge and expertise and pirates' activities are impossible without guidance, support and logistics.

The commander added that pirates usually use hostages as a human shield, but Iranian Navy commandos managed to release hostages without any casualties and arrested 21 pirates in the past two operations.

Iran's naval forces on Friday rescued a Chinese freighter which had been seized by pirates 45 miles off Iran's Southern port city of Bandar Jask.

"The pirates seized the ship in international waters, 45 miles off Bandar Jask, but it was freed through the successful operations of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy and nine pirates were arrested," Deputy Head of Iran's Ports and Maritime Organization Saeed Izadian told FNA on Friday.

"The Chinese ship, called Xianghuamen, had 28 crew members aboard and was sailing under a Panamanian flag," Izadian added.

The Iranian official also said that the vessel carried ironware and was heading towards the Iranian port of Imam Khomeini.

In line with international efforts against piracy, the Iranian naval forces have been conducting anti-piracy patrols in international waters off its coasts since November 2008 to safeguard maritime trade, and in particular ships and oil tankers owned or leased by Iran.

FS Aconit spotted a whaler towing a skiff. The high distance to the shore, nearly 600 km, and the absence of fishing activity raised the suspicion of Aconit’s sailors. The commanding officer quickly gave the order to intercept the whaler - EUNAVFOR.

After the boarding team had been deployed, due to the short distance between Aconit and the whaler, it required only a few minutes for the boarding team to intercept the whaler, with 8 suspected pirates on board and piracy-related equipment, although some of it had likely been thrown overboard before the interception.

Under the supervision of new Force Commander Rear Admiral Jean-Baptiste Dupuis and his staff, embarked on board FS Marne, the suspected pirates were transferred on board Aconit. The whaler and the piracy-related equipments were destroyed and the skiff was embarked on board the French frigate. After one day of transit to get closer to the Somalian coast, on 8 April at the end of the morning, the 8 suspected pirates were released. The Aconit has again disrupted and made inoperative a pirate action group, thus preventing them from attacking vulnerable vessels in the Indian Ocean. Read full article HERE.

The war on piracy in the Horn of Africa has received a major boost following the capture of one of the world’s most wanted Somali pirate leaders, Mohamed Garad - Africa Review.

Garad, a former British soldier, is said to have been arrested together with 12 other suspected pirates on April 4 by Iranian commandos after they hijacked a Chinese cargo ship.

The co-ordinator of the East African Seafarers Association, Mr Andrew Mwangura, said Garad was captured after the seizure of the Chinese vessel, Xianghuamen, last week.

Xianghuamen is a Panama-flagged general cargo vessel owned by Nanjing Ocean Shipping Company of China.

“Garad had been on the run for many decades. He was elusive and sly and had slipped out of all the security dragnets before. His capture is the greatest good news in the war against piracy and terrorism,” Mr Mwangura said yesterday.

The coordinator described Garad as “an old, experienced hand and a role model in the piracy world”, who has been linked to hundreds of ship hijack cases in the Horn of Africa.

“To experts and those who knew Garad, he was like Carlos the Jackal in the crime world and Dedan Kimathi to the British colonialists, mysterious and never easy to capture,” Mr Mwangura said.

The arrest of the pirate leader, Mr Mwangura said, was confirmed by one of his cousins in Mogadishu.

The Danish navy said Thursday it had stopped a pirate ship off the Somali coast, rescuing 12 Iranian and Pakistani hostages and arresting their 16 captors - AFP.

"The Danish warship Absalon yesterday (Wednesday) stopped a pirate mother-ship. Sixteen suspected pirates have been arrested. Twelve hostages from Pakistan and Iran have been rescued," the navy said in a statement.

The navy said no one was injured in the operation off the east coast of Somalia and that the Absalon, a command and support ship which is part of a NATO-led counter-piracy mission, had not needed to use armed force.

"Onboard the mother-ship, Absalon found 16 suspected pirates, who are now being held on Absalon. In addition, 12 people from Pakistan and Iran, who were being held captive on the pirate mother ship for a month, were there," the statement said.

"The rescued hostages have provided witness testimony onboard the Absalon and have now sailed home," it said, adding: "Danish authorities will now investigate whether there is a possibility to prosecute the suspected pirates. At the end of February, the Absalon stopped another pirate mother-ship, freeing 16 Pakistani and Iranian hostages and capturing 17 pirates, but that operation was not as successful: two other hostages died during the rescue bid.

West Africa

The Maritime Union Workers of Ghana Ports and Harbour Authority (GPHA) and their Nigerian counterparts, Maritime Union Workers of Nigeria have been urged to evolved way of tackling the escalating cases of piracy in its shores and high seas -The Nation.

Mr Remi Britto of the Lagos State University (LASU), who was a guest lecturer, at a workshop in Lagos, told participants that African shores and harbours, were becoming unsafe for merchants, who were always attacked by sea pirates leaving in their wake losses that amount to several billions of naira yearly.

In the paper entitled: Contemporary issues in maritime industries in West Africa, Britto noted that aftermath of piracy gulped between $1 and $6 billion yearly with the Gulf of Aden in Somalia the most vulnerable.

He stressed that despite the United Nations convention on the law of the seas, there had not been sufficient legislation to prosecute pirates. Read more.

Bergen Risk Solutions, the Norwegian based specialist in political, maritime and security risk assessments that puts a special focus on Nigeria and the Niger Delta, has identified a worrying new trend in Nigerian piracy - the use of mother ships and skiffs in a similar manner to Somali Pirate Action Groups - MarineLog.

Bergen Risk Solutions says this is a "relatively new development ... and increases the pirates' range and therefore the risk of incidents far offshore."

In the Incident Library of its latest Nigeria Maritime Security review, Bergen Risk Solutions notes four incidents in the first quarter of 2012 in which mother ship involvement is suspected, the most recent being an attack on a Nigerian flag chemical tanker [believed to have been MT Pluto] 80nm south of Brass on March 22 in which a speedboat carrying 10 armed pirates was deployed from a fishing vessel.

Recently fishing unions in Senegal in West Africa warned that if unauthorized fishing by foreign trawlers in their waters is not reined in, piracy could take hold in Senegal and it could end up becoming an international threat to shipping like Somalia. The economic losses resulting from pirate attacks in Somalia is estimated at ten billion dollars - Payvand.com.

The FAO, the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, maintains that all the aquatic resources of West Africa have been exploited to the full capacity and even beyond. And currently over one and half million local residents of the region, whose lives depend on these resources, are facing deep economic hardship. Statistics reveal that European fishing vessels catch over 235 thousand tons of fish between the waters of Mauritania and Morocco alone while tens of thousands of tons are also caught with giant nets in the waters of Sierra Leone, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau and other countries. Read more.

The executive secretary of the Gulf of Guinea Commission (GGC), Miguel Trovoada, Thursday in Luanda called for more attention and convergence on the part member states in drafting and harmonising the legislation against piracy in the region - Angola Press.

Miguel Trovoada was speaking at the opening of the Gulf of Guinea Council of Ministers session taking place in the Angolan capital until Friday.

He said on the occasion there are some loopholes in member countries’ legislation regarding piracy, with significant differences among them at times.

The official stated that the strategic importance of the Gulf of Guinea countries, both for its geographic position, amount and diversity of resources and maritime space, adds to it a growing interest, not only for the respective populations, but also for the consumer markets at world level.

According to him, the current or potential threats on these countries constitute real challenges to deal with.

However, he said the nature and amplitude of these threats, as well as the magnitude of the means required to effectively fight them requires all member countries to come together. Read more.

Somali pirates have released a Panama-flagged vessel they seized two months ago allowing it to continue on its way to the breakaway enclave of Somaliland, the ship's agent and a government official said on Thursday - OCEANUSLive.

"It took almost a month of negotiations by a committee of seven people ... and a down payment of $250,000 ransom, for the pirates to release the ship. The ship is expected to arrive at Berbera port in the next few days," he said. Read more.

Somalia Report provides further insight into the release of the Leila HERE.

Hundreds of suspected pirates arrested by the Royal Navy off the coast of East Africa have been immediately set free – to continue threatening merchant vessels in one of the world's busiest shipping lanes. Fewer than one in every five suspects picked up around the Horn of Africa over the past four years have been prosecuted for piracy-related offences, the Ministry of Defence has admitted. The figures will fuel growing criticism of Britain's involvement in the anti-piracy operation, writes The Independent.

Official MoD figures obtained by The Independent on Sunday show the Royal Navy has boarded 34 vessels suspected of piracy in the Indian Ocean since volunteering to lead Operation Atalanta, the EU's first naval mission, in 2008. However, on all but six occasions, the gangs rounded up were taken to the nearest beach and released – despite often being caught with equipment including guns and ladders. A list of boardings since November 2008 shows that the navy has detained a total of 279 likely pirates but allowed 229 of them to go free, some in groups of up to 17 at a time. Fifty more were sent on for prosecution in Kenya, the Seychelles or Italy.

The Government has acknowledged the "catch and release" strategy is often an "unsatisfactory outcome", although ministers also maintain it helps to disrupt pirate networks.

But the shipping industry also condemned the Government's failure to prosecute pirates caught "red-handed" attempting to grab a slice of an illicit trade believed to cost global commerce more than £7bn a year.

MPs have condemned the number of releases, which one British diplomat warned had given pirates "a sense of invulnerability". Read more.

Half of all pirates who set to sea from the Somali coast will never return, according to the latest industry estimates - Defence Management. Attacks now take place so far from the coast that many hapless pirates run out of water and fuel if they do not find a ship to hijack. The amazingly high mortality rate is not enough though to put off potential pirates, a recent seminar in Brussels heard. Desperate Somalis - many no doubt close to starvation - are begging for the chance to try their luck. Piracy is in many cases suicidal, but there is a small chance of a multi-million dollar jackpot.

If death is no deterrent, how do pirates feel about the prospect to imprisonment? The seminar, organised jointly by the European Commission and the Danish European Union presidency, heard that prosecuting suspects was the "achilles heel" of the EU's Operation Atalanta. First and foremost, there is almost no willingness to bring suspects back to Europe to face trial. With few exceptions, pirates caught red-handed by EU Navfor, the Brussels navy, are simply given enough fuel to return home or even dropped off on a Somali beach. Around 85 per cent of those caught are released. Read more.

Recently Seychelles’ government transferred 17 convicted Somali pirates to prisons in Somaliland to complete their remaining sentences, says Somaliland Press. We should applaud Somaliland government’s efforts to help international community to fight piracy that plagues in the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean; however, these new dangerous prisoners would put more burdens on Somaliland’s already overcrowded jails, and its broken judicial system. Close to half of the prisoners in Hargeysa’a Central prison—which would house the new prisoners, had never been convicted or charged, and are waiting for trials according to local defense attorneys. In addition, those who are serving their time, families have to bring the food they eat, have no access to medical treatment—-mental illnesses, as well as those with tuberculosis and other infectious diseases are routinely housed with the general prison population, and no rehabilitation program or training is available for them.

The detention facilities, courthouses, and police headquarters are largely in a state of total disrepair and needs rehabilitation. In this age of technology, I have seen court clerks using typewriter to type a judge’s order or decision. Somaliland courts need modernization in office equipment such as computers and word processors, and better record keeping. Read more.

A government official has reported of delays in trials and promised extradition against Somali pirates detained in Kenya and Maldives, Radio Garowe reports - Garowe Online.

Abdirazak Mohamed Dirir Director of the Counter Piracy Directorate in the Ministry of Ports and Marines who spoke to local media in Bossaso said that 9 Somali pirates being held in Mombasa, Kenya have been detained in since March 2009 without a trial.

The 9 alleged pirates were given a preliminary hearing shortly after they were captured by NATO. The 9 men thought they were being sent back to Somalia to be tried there but due to judges being absent at trial dates they have never been past the preliminary hearing. The panel of judges sent the pirates back because not all of 5 judges had been present to proceed on the case. Six times they were brought in front of the partly filled seats of the panel of judges and each time told they were rescheduled for another trial.

Another trial is set for May 3 2012 but Mr. Dirir explains that, “not one official from the Transitional Federal Government has visited or even advocated for those men being held without a fair trial in Mombasa or the Maldives.”

At least 37 alleged pirates are being held in the Maldives. The Maldives government with the mediation of UNODC signed an agreement to extradite the men to Puntland in May 2011 but the men remain captive in the Maldives without trial because the Maldives government does not have a law against piracy and therefore cannot try the men in court. But officials say that the men have not been extradited because TFG officials were not concerned with the 37 men being held in Maldives or the 9 men being held in Mombasa nor the others being held in Mauritius. Read more.

As pirate attacks on commercial vessels continue to rise, the number of successful hijacks continues to fall, in no small part due to the effectiveness of private maritime security companies. The armed deterrent is holding the thin blue line separating the captivity of seafarers from commercial viability for a struggling shipping industry (Reuters) OCEANUSLive.

Whilst Shipowners have accepted the armed deterrent on board their vessels, there is closer interest creeping into the management of the many PMSC's purporting to provide the 'best service' on the market. The 'regulation' word is gaining traction in the security sector and in an environment free from any one accepted and enforced standard, confusion is also beginning to enter the debate as security companies witness various standards and compliance measures surface from a variety of political and commercial standpoints.

Thus far, nearly all PMSC's are signatories to the International Code of Conduct for Private Security Companies (ICOC). The ICOC was originally designed for private security companies operating on land, and in the absence of anything else to benchmark the fast growing maritime security sector, have been adopted by the maritime security sector, keen to add credibility to their service in the eyes of the shipping sector and thereby increase their commercial capability. Read more. Image: courtesy of @vanderfelix.

Private security teams patrol the decks of around 40% of large vessels in the “high-risk area” that stretches from the Persian Gulf to the Seychelles in the south and the Maldives in the east. When pirates attack, these armed guards respond with flares or warning shots - The Economist. This usually scares off assailants (or sends them in search of easier prey). If it fails, they fire at an attacking boat’s engine, before finally turning their sights on the pirates. No ship carrying armed guards has so far been hijacked.

Most of the companies providing these guards are British, typically started by entrepreneurial former special-forces types. A four-man team can charge $45,000 for safe passage through the high-risk area. The cost to shipowners is partly offset by savings on insurance.

The idea may seem simple but its legal framework is not. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea a ship’s crew, including guards, must abide by the home laws of a vessel’s flag state. But these vessels ply international waters, meaning that regulation is scant. An array of standards created since 2009 suggests good practice for private security teams, but none is legally binding.

Spurred on by the International Maritime Organization (which will debate the issue at a meeting next month), governments are now trying to write rules for armed guards at sea, such as how they buy and store the lethal tools of their trade. Britain wants a voluntary set of rules in place by the end of 2012, detailing the acceptable use of deadly force and systems for company auditing and accountability. It may suggest and define a “proportional” response to pirate attacks, along with approved weapon types and standards of training. Other countries are making moves too. American law now allows for the self defence of US-flagged ships within tight rules of engagement. India also allows armed guards; Greece is considering a similar step. The Japanese government is pondering a change to its strict laws, which prohibit civilian armed guards on ships. Read more.

South Africa was considering the possibility of allowing foreign security services into the country to protect merchant vessels against piracy, Defense Minister Lindiwe Sisulu said on Wednesday - People Daily.com.

But the minister said that doing so would require a "drastic re-structuring" of legislation.

If an agreement was reached by navy chiefs in the region on the ethics, viability and desirability of having armed units on the country's waters, South Africa would be required to allow guards on land for their replenishment, Sisulu said on the sidelines of the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium which opened earlier in the day in Cape Town.

"This has been raised with us by a number of European countries. We are grappling with this development," she said without naming the countries for "ethical" reasons.

"On vessels where there has been armed security, there have not been any [successful] attempts to hijack the craft," she said.

The latest development came amid an increase in attacks by Somali pirates along the east coast of Africa. Last year, a record number of 352 pirate attacks took place worldwide, according to the International Maritime Bureau. The South African Navy warned last month that the threat of piracy was moving south towards South Africa. Read more.

Using private security firms to protect ships from Somali pirates has long been a legal gray area in Germany. Conceding that it doesn't have enough soldiers to do the job, the German government is considering a draft law allowing shipowners to deploy private armed guards. But there's one caveat: Security personnel would be limited to using semi-automatic firearms, reports Der Spiegel.

Shipping companies and Western governments have been struggling with the problem of piracy off the Horn of Africa for years. It's becoming increasingly clear that the only really effective solution involves having private security forces on board who are prepared to repel attacks with firearms if necessary -- as a recent viral Internet video of guards apparently shooting Somali pirates graphically illustrates.

For ships flying the German flag, such operations are currently a legal gray area. The use of armed private security guards is neither clearly prohibited nor explicitly allowed. But that could soon change. The German Economics Ministry is currently working on draft legislation that would establish a certification process for security companies, allowing them to place guards on ships.

According to the draft, which SPIEGEL ONLINE has seen, the German government considers the fight against piracy to be an "important task" that needs to be conducted with a "range" of measures. "An important addition to these measures may be the contracting of security companies," the draft reads. "So far, no ship with armed security forces on board has been successfully hijacked."

The government wants to change German commercial law so that it also covers the use of security guards on ships. According to the draft, the approval of security companies would be carried out by the Federal Office of Economics and Export Control, a federal authority which is subordinate to the Economics Ministry, with support from the Federal Police.

The draft law stipulates that security companies should have "sufficient maritime knowledge" and that "only qualified and reliable security forces" should be used so as to reduce the risk of an escalation of violence.

According to the German Shipowners' Association (VDR), which supports the plans, the use of machine guns will not be allowed. Security guards will only be able to use those weapons covered by the German gun license, such as semi-automatic guns and rifles. The draft law foresees the Federal Office of Economics and Export Control publishing a regularly updated list of approved security companies on its website. Read more.

Proliferation of PMSCs from countries such as the Philippines and China could see British firms priced out of the market, states Lloyd's List.

As regulation slowly and painfully filters down the private maritime security industry, a “proliferation” of new firms from emerging countries is inevitable and British PMSCs will price themselves out of the market, according to Norton Rose partner Philip Roche.

The big question, Mr Roche said, is whether shipping companies and charterers will want to continue to pay British rates?

“There will be a proliferation of PMSCs from countries like the Philippines and China. Their standards won’t necessarily be worse but they will have a different approach. It is likely that, like so many other industries, UK PMSCs are going to price themselves out of the market,” he predicted.

Mr Roche said that the legal wrangling surrounding the Enrica Lexie incident — in which two Italian marines shot dead two Indian fishermen they thought were pirates — reflects the concern that large parts of the industry still have about putting guns on ships. Read more.

The UAE has brought the issue centre-stage by announcing it would host the second summit against piracy on June 27 and 28 in a bid to get to the root of the problem - Khaleej Times.

Ahmed Abdul Rahman Al Jarman, Permanent Representative of the UAE to the United Nations made the announcement at the 11th Plenary Meeting of the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia in New York.

Coalition navies from Nato, the EU, the Combined Maritime Forces as well as individual navies like China, Russia, India and South Korea have contained pirate operations to a large extent, but the phenomenon has spread to the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea. This has again raised fears at a time when tensions with Iran and the Eurozone economic crisis refuses to go away.

Al Jarman said the UAE is ‘‘still deeply concerned’’ about the attacks on shipping vessels and the losses borne by the industry.

It is geo-strategic worry and the International Maritime Bureau, which tracks pirate incidents 24/7 said pirate operations could affect energy and cargo routes in the region. ‘‘This year there have been four attacks in the Gulf of Oman and its approaches which affects the energy and other cargo routes into and out of the Arabian Gulf. There are no attacks inside the Arabian Gulf close to the UAE coast there,’’ said Captain P. Mukundan of the Bureau when asked if the Arabian Gulf is at risk. Read full article HERE.

Anti-piracy efforts by the Dutch military in the Gulf of Aden have received a boost due to an agreement allowing the Netherlands to store small arms and ammunition here with the Singapore Armed Forces - LexisNexis.

The arms will be used by Dutch military teams who sail on board Dutch-flagged merchant vessels, which pass through the piracy-infested waters off the Somali Coast and the Gulf of Aden. These military teams - known as vessel protection detachments (VPD) - are deployed on board the most vulnerable vessels, said a Dutch Defence Ministry spokesman last week.

The move comes in the wake of measures by governments and private navies to curb hijacking and hostage taking, as well as upgrade security practices by vessels passing through the area.

The Somali coast and the Gulf of Aden has been an ongoing red alert area for hijackings and hostage taking.

According to the London-based International Maritime Bureau (IMB), seven of the nine hijackings worldwide that occurred this year up to March 19, took place in Somalia. Somali pirates currently hold 13 vessels and 197 hostages, said its website, and last year they accounted for more than half of the attacks worldwide.

'The overall figures for Somali piracy could have been much higher if it were not for the continued efforts of international naval forces,' said the IMB's annual report for last year.

London-based IMB director Captain P. Mukundan underscored the importance of the military teams onboard Dutch vessels, pointing out they are not meant to protect ships against armed robbery but to specially prevent hijackings and hostage taking by Somali pirates.

He told The Straits Times that France and Italy have also deployed VPDs to help protect their merchant vessels that pass through the Somali coast and the Gulf of Aden.

The Dutch Defence Ministry spokesman said in an e-mail response that about 250 merchant vessels pass through the area every year and the Dutch military will be able to deploy about 50 VPDs this year to protect the most vulnerable of the Dutch-flagged ships. Read more.

The pirates' gunfire and the explosion of a rocket-propelled grenade were so loud Cdr James Cohen could hear them through the phone of the colleague next to him, writes The National.

The attack failed, but not before the men recorded it on a detailed chart of hijacking attempts and other suspicious activity at sea.

It was all in a day's work for the 12 staff who run the UK Maritime Trade Operations (UKMTO), an emergency call centre in Dubai for ships crossing the waters from Somalia to India, where pirates stalk.

An estimated 2,000 ships cross that stretch each day.

The team fields as many as 50 phone calls and 3,000 emails a day in an office lined with computer screens at the British consulate.

Most of their correspondence involves routine check-ins or false alarms, but they also provide a detailed report for three multinational counter-piracy forces that help them to analyse risks and position warships.

At most, 25 warships are patrolling 2.6 million square miles of sea so any added information is helpful.

"We use all the info we get from UKMTO and all our other maritime partners to decide where to place our ships," says Cdr Jacqueline Sherriff, a spokeswoman for EU Navfor, one of the three forces.

"The most important thing is information-sharing to make sure you have the best picture possible of the shipping area."

The two other multinational forces are led by Nato and the US. China, India, Japan and South Korea, which have their own counter-piracy operations, can request specific information from UKMTO.

Dozens of warships are logged on to the system at any time, says Cdr Cohen, the UKMTO officer in charge. "Everyone uses it."

He points to acronyms on a screen representing various frigates.

On another computer screen Cdr Cohen shows a map of the Gulf of Aden, crowded with dots and names of ships.

The UKMTO has increased its efforts in recent years as the threat of piracy increased, although this was not its original mandate.

It was set up with two staff in the region a few weeks after the September 11 attacks to reassure commercial vessels that they could continue global trade.

"The purpose of the UKMTO ultimately is to improve the confidence of everyone in the shipping industry," Cdr Cohen said. "Piracy is an adjunct to that because it's all part and parcel of the same problem."

The two staff worked out of a hotel. In 2007 they added a third team member, then another two in the Second Gulf War. They moved into their own office in 2010.

The team still advises ships on matters not related to piracy. They fielded two dozen calls a day when Iran threatened to shut the Strait of Hormuz at the start of the year.

They also offer guidance on accidents such as fires and injuries.

Each day they begin to produce their main brief at 4am and send it to navies at 6.30am. They update their map four times a day.

At 11am they receive email updates from about three-quarters of the ships crossing the high-risk waters, and spend the rest of the day processing them.

They have learnt that most attempted hijackings occur by 1pm.

The ship that called while under attack last month, one of the largest container vessels in the world, faced little threat of being boarded by pirates.

But it provided data that helped to build a fuller picture of the threat.

"The phone rang and I could hear gunfire in the background," says watchkeeper Terry Allen, an able seaman in the British navy.

"I got all the details and put them up."

The recent proposal to take military action against the notorious Somali pirates and initiate legal proceedings against them on land in Somalia must be welcomed as an important step towards neutralising the grave threat that these sea brigands pose to the international community - Daily Pioneer.
Full-scale military action against the pirates under the UN mandate has long been favoured by many countries, including India. However, given the legal, political and diplomatic complications that could potentially arise out of such an international armed intervention, African nations have in the past been especially reluctant to give their consent. But, with their own economies now being affected by sea piracy, African countries such as Kenya and Ethiopia have proposed a multi-pronged offensive against the terrorists. This includes supporting a UN-led international military effort against the terrorists on sea, hunting them down on land and prosecuting them in court. The details of this operation will be further discussed at the annual conference of the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium in Cape Town, South Africa that starts on April 10. A 32-member group, IONS includes the littoral states of the Indian Ocean region and seeks to increase maritime co-operation among the Navies of these countries. If, at the Cape Town conference, the Navy Chiefs of all the 32 member states are able to agree upon a concrete anti-piracy plan of action, it would be a huge step forward. Read more.

The Taiwan Ministry of Foreign Affairs in close co operation with UKMTO have translated Best Management Practices 4 into Chinese - UK P&I Club.

This essential guide, now in Chinese, designed to assist ships to avoid, deter or delay piracy attacks off the coast of Somalia, including the Gulf of Aden (GoA) and the Arabian Sea area.

Experience, supported by data collected by Naval forces, shows that the application of the recommendations contained within this booklet can and will make a significant difference in preventing a ship becoming a victim of piracy.

South African Defence Minister Lindiwe Sisulu has confirmed that the country will increase its naval budget - Engineering News (SA).

Answering a question from Engineering News Online at a press conference at the 2012 Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS) in Cape Town on Wednesday, Sisulu stated that the amount would be announced in her department’s budget.

“When we adopted the [Southern African Development Community (SADC)] Maritime Security Strategy, we committed ourselves to giving more money to the navy. This is a top priority for us.”

SADC heads of State adopted the SADC Maritime Security Strategy in Angola on August 9, 2011.

This comes against the backdrop of growing SADC concern about piracy and other forms of maritime crime and insecurity.

In her keynote address opening the conference, Sisulu pointed out that African countries were "particularly reliant on the sea and thereby vulnerable".

She highlighted that, in 2006, the global total of people taken hostage at sea was 186, but that in 2010 the figure for the Indian Ocean alone was 1 016.

She affirmed that SADC was expecting increased pirate operations off its east coast.

During the 12 months from March 2011 to the end of February 2012, there were 57 pirate attacks in Tanzanian territorial waters, reported Sisulu, citing her Tanzanian counterpart. This was "an unprecedented number, but one that is indicative of the relocation of piracy to the SADC ocean". Read more.

So, you hear about another merchant ship being hijacked by pirates, and you shrug and think there is no reason for you to worry since you are far removed — geographically? Here’s the clincher: one single act of hijack mid-sea sets off a domino effect, which touches upon even your day-to-day life - DNA India.

Although just one incident of attack by pirates has been reported in the Arabian Sea since July last year, several foreign merchant vessels, fearing a similar encounter, move along the Indian coastline — a little too close for comfort. Maritime security forces are up on their toes, as it raises the risk of anti-national elements gaining easy access to Indian territory.

Inspector-General SPS Basra, commander, coast guard (west zone), assured at a recent seminar on Safer Maritime Navigation on Indian Coast, “We are vigilant and we have the utmost commitment towards the safety of Indian waters.”

To show that they mean business, the Indian navy and the coast guard nabbed around 110 Somali pirates in at least four combined operations last year. Read more.

Somali pirates have acquired sophisticated weaponry, including mines and shoulder-held missile launchers from Libya, and are likely to use them in bolder attacks on shipping, a senior maritime security analyst said on Thursday - Reuters.

"We found that Libyan weapons are being sold in what is the world's biggest black market for illegal gun smugglers, and Somali pirates are among those buying from sellers in Sierra Leone, Liberia and other countries," said Judith van der Merwe, of the Algiers-based African Centre for the Study and Research on Terrorism.

"We believe our information is credible and know that some of the pirates have acquired ship mines, as well as Stinger and other shoulder-held missile launchers," Van der Merwe told Reuters on the sidelines of an Indian Ocean naval conference.

After Libya's ruler Muammar Gaddafi was killed by rebels in the north African state, weaponry from his well-stocked arsenals made its way onto the black market, she said.

The information was gathered from interviews with gun smugglers, pirates and other sources, said Van der Merwe. Read more.

Iranian Navy Commander Rear Admiral Habibollah Sayyari underscored on Thursday that piracy problem in the Indian Ocean can merely be solved through regional consensus, reports FARS News Agency.

Sayyari is in South Africa visit to attend the 3rd Indian Ocean Naval Symposium being held in the Cape Town International Convention Center over the period of April 10 to 13, 2012.

Referring to the Symposium, the Navy commander said it aims at reviewing ways to fight pirates.

He termed the pirate measures as the sea terrorism which is a serious threat to the international marine trade.

A senior Iranian Navy commander raised the possibility of politically-tainted support for piracy in the region.

Somali pirates are poor and simple people without any expertise and there might be sort of support behind their activities, Lieutenant Commander of the Iranian Navy Rear Admiral Qolam Reza Khadem Biqam told reporters on Saturday.

He added that acting as a pirate needs special knowledge and expertise and pirates' activities are impossible without guidance, support and logistics. Read more.

With the Indian Ocean region infested by Somali pirates, India is spearheading an effort to create a naval standard operating procedure (SOP) for the 32 littoral nations of the region to jointly fight the menace, writes NDTV.

The effort at preparing the SOP is currently in progress at the India-initiated Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS) taking place in South Africa, according to the Indian Navy.

IONS came into being in February 2008 when India invited the navy chiefs of the 32 littoral nations, including Pakistan, for the first session of the initiative in New Delhi.

The 2012 edition of IONS is chaired by the South African Navy Chief. Indian Navy Chief Admiral Nirmal Verma is in Cape Town to attend the meet.

The IONS meet was declared open by South African Minister for Defence and Military Veterans Lindiwe Sisulu on Wednesday.

The proposal for a common SOP for all Indian Ocean region's navies was made by Verma while addressing the IONS on Thursday and the issue was discussed by the navy chiefs from the region on Friday, an Indian Navy official said. Read more.

BIMCO is holding a webinar session on “Protection against Pirates”.The online briefing will take place on 27 April 2012 from 11:00 to 12:30 GMT. The webinar takes the audience through the fundamentals of company and ship preparations and execution of operations in the High Risk Area - Shiptalk.

Chaired by BIMCO Maritime Security Officer Cdr. Jakob P. Larsen, the Webinar will discuss the implications of shipping operations inside the High Risk Area.

After two years of immense prosperity, the last year has been a disaster for the Somali pirates. For example, in the last eight months, only six ships have been captured, compared to 36 ships in the same eight month period a year ago - Strategy Page. Pirate income is down 80 percent and expenses are up. Pirates have to spend more time at sea looking for a potential target, and when they find one, they either fail in their boarding efforts (because of armed guards, or better defense and more alert crews) or find anti-piracy patrol warships and armed helicopters showing up. Unlike in the past, the patrol now takes away the pirates weapons and equipment, sinks their mother ships and dumps the pirates back on a beach. The pirates claim that some members of the anti-piracy patrol simply kill pirates they encounter on the high seas (some nations have admitted doing this, at least once, in the past). But no one does this as official policy, and the rules are still basically "catch and release." The big change is that the patrol has become much better at detecting pirates, on captured fishing ships, and shutting these pirates down. Often the pirates bring along the crew of the fishing ships, to help with the deception. But the patrol knows which fishing ships have "disappeared" and quickly identify those missing ships they encounter, and usually find pirates in charge. The anti-piracy patrol also has maritime reconnaissance aircraft that seek to spot mother ships as they leave pirate bases on the north Somali coast, and direct a warship to intercept and shut down those pirates. The pirates have been losing a lot of equipment, and time, and money needed to pay for it. Read more.

One would be hard pressed to find an article analyzing Somali piracy-be it journalistic, academic, or militarily focused-that does not make the claim that this maritime problem can only be solved on land. In the four years that the international community has attempted to address this crisis, however, a coherent and coordinated onshore strategy has yet to emerge - Safety4Sea. The development of indigenous counter-piracy capacity in the affected states of the East African seaboard has, despite rhetoric to the contrary, received scant attention from donor states. Authorities in the epicentres of Somali piracy-the autonomous states of Puntland and Galmudug-have largely been left to fend for themselves. Mistakenly, the international response to Somali piracy remains blinded by a military-centric focus on naval shows of force.

An American think-tank project, The Oceans Beyond Piracy report, calculated the total annual cost of counter-piracy military operations to be $1.27-billion USD. Using the same methodology, the annual operating cost of NATO's Operation Ocean Shield has been placed at $293-million, while a figure of $450-million has been given for the EU's Operation Atalanta. While both of these missions have been extended to the end of 2012, it is unlikely they will be able to continue indefinitely in an age of fiscal austerity and military cutbacks. Economic constraints have already forced the number of ships deployed to Operation Atalanta to fall "below the red line" of a six vessel deployment, according to EU Military Committee chairman, Hakan Syren. NATO was similarly forced to divert naval resources away from the Horn of Africa when they were need for operations off the coast of Libya. There is also the danger that naval efforts may fall victim to their own success: a drop in incidences of piracy may cause a scaled down naval presence, but as the pirate structures onshore would remain intact, the gangs would only have to wait for coalition forces to withdraw before returning to sea.

A sustainable solution to the piracy crisis therefore requires a coordinated strategy tailored to address the root causes that allowed the practice to take hold in Somalia's pirate-prone states and flourish in the wider region. Read more.

Somali piracy is having a real economic impact on countries, especially those located in the north west Indian Ocean region. The problem does not only affect the shipping industry - Engineering News SA.

"The impact of piracy is stronger the nearer you get to Somalia," the International Maritime Organisation's Djibouti Code of Conduct Implementation Unit head, Captain Philip Holihead told Engineering News Online on Friday.

"The Kenyans have gone from 13 to 14 cruise ships a year going into Mombasa, to zero."

The Seychelles, whose economy is derived almost entirely from the maritime domain, is one of the few Indian Ocean countries to try and quantify the impact of piracy on its economy.

"The Seychelles believes that piracy cut their GDP [gross domestic product] by 8%, at the height of the problem," he reported.

Worldwide, the cost of piracy has been estimated at between $7-billion and $12-billion, although this includes the costs of naval and air patrols used to counter piracy (some of these patrols would have taken place anyway, even without piracy). Holihead opined that the cost would be around $7-billion.

In his address to the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS) in Cape Town on Friday, Holihead also pointed out that piracy had increased transport costs and so increased prices, and caused declines in tourism and trade. It had further created concerns about the safety of fishing and offshore oil exploration Read more.

Two Filipino seafarers of hijacked MV Eglantine were killed during a rescue operation staged by Iranian Navy last April 2, the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) said Tuesday Philstar.com.

The DFA withheld the identity of the victims who were among the 10 Filipino crew members of MV Eglantine, a Cypriot flagged and Iranian owned bulk carrier, that was hijacked in March 26 by Somali pirates off the southwestern coast of India.

“During the rescue mission, two Filipino seamen died,” DFA spokesperson Raul Hernandez said.

He said one of the Filipino seamen died of a gunshot wound in the head while another died of suffocation in the engine room [believed to have hidden in the incinerator] where he sought refuge during the operation.

Hernandez said that the Filipino seafarers confirmed the cause of death of their two compatriots.

Citing a report by the Philippine Embassy in Tehran, Hernandez added that “the Filipinos further said that when the pirates knew that the navy commandoes were about to stage their rescue operation, the crewmen were bound behind their backs and used as shields as they exchanged fire with the rescuers."

The families of the crewmen have already been informed of the sad development. Read more.

The families of 17 Indians, who were among a crew of 22 on a Nigeria-bound oil tanker, have just been told that the ship was captured by Somali pirates off the coast of Oman more than a month ago - Economic Times of India.

Recruitment agents said talks were on between the pirates and shipping company for the crew's release. The ship, MT Royal Grace, reportedly on its maiden voyage, was hijacked on March 4.

Family members of the crew said they were informed about the capture only a few days ago.

Manu Chauhan, CEO of East India Shipping Agency which recruited five of the Indian crew members, told TOI the ship's Dubai-based owners, Oyster Cargo and Shipping Company, had informed the government's DG (shipping) and was also keeping families of the crew members updated.

Talks were continuing between the East India Shipping Agency and Somali pirates for the release of the firm's crew. Read more.

Malacañang extended its condolences to the families of two Filipino seafarers who died in a rescue effort by the Iranian Navy after their vessel was hijacked by Somali pirates off the coast of India last month - Zambo Times.com.

The Palace also promised assistance to the families of the seafarers.

“We condole with the families of the two Filipino who were unfortunately slain in that rescue attempt. But our understanding is that there will be assistance provided to them. So, we are grateful that we are able to secure the release of our Filipino seamen,” Presidential Spokesman Edwin Lacierda said in a press briefing in Malacanang on Wednesday.

The Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) said the victims were among the 10 Filipino crew members of the carrier MV Eglantine hijacked by Somali pirates. The Iranian-owned vessel was seized by Somali pirates off the coast of India last March 26.

When the Iranian navy launched a rescue operation, the pirates allegedly used crewmen as human shields, the DFA said.

Although the rescuers were able to free eight Filipino seamen from their captors, the two Filipino crewmen died -- one of a gunshot wound in the head and the other of suffocation at the engine room.

Iranian commandos were also able to capture 12 Somali pirates who hijacked the bulk carrier.

The surviving crew members will arrive in Manila on Wednesday, April 11. The repatriation of the deceased, however, is still being worked out by the Philippine embassy in Iran, the DFA said.

The shipping company also made an assurance that it will provide sufficient financial compensation to the families of the deceased, the DFA added.

Efforts are on to raise Dh11 million to free 44 hostages held by Somali pirates aboard two ships that set sail from UAE ports, reports The National.

The bandits have demanded US$2m (Dh7.3m) to release MT Royal Grace, a Dubai-owned chemical tanker hijacked off the coast of Oman on March 2.

And families in Dubai and Pakistan are struggling to raise more than $1m to free 22 relatives held on MV Albedo before next week's April 20 deadline, set by the pirates.

The Albedo, a Malaysian-owned cargo ship, was seized 17 months ago in the Gulf of Aden.

"It's a campaign to save lives," said Nareman Jawaid, a Dubai resident who last saw her father, MV Albedo's captain, Jawaid Khan, in Jebel Ali in November 2010 before he set sail for Kenya.

"It's not just about saving one life or 22 lives, it's also the lives of the families whose survival depends on these 22 men coming back alive," she said. "We were completely lost for a long time.

"We are in the final stage now so there is hope that something good will happen. But we still need people to help us out."

Appeals for funds are being made from residents and the business community in Pakistan and the UAE.

One Indian crew member on MV Albedo died of cholera and the crew now comprises seven Pakistanis, seven Sri Lankans, six Bangladeshis, one Indian and an Iranian.

The pirates initially demanded $10m as ransom. But since the Malaysian owner was unable to pay, a settlement of $2.85m was reached in March to "cover expenses" - the cost of medicine and food incurred. The ship's owner will pay at least half this amount. Read more.

Eleven employees claim in court that Maersk Line ignored warnings about Somali pirates and sailed too close to the Somali coast, where pirates kidnapped the crew - Courthouse News.

The eleven crewmembers sued Maersk Line and Waterman Steamship Corp., in three complaints in Mobile County Court.

They claim they were aboard the Maersk Alabama, a container vessel owned by Maersk and Waterman, with a crew of 20, when on April 6, 2009, the defendants received warning to sail at least 600 miles off the coast of Somalia, to avoid pirates who were attacking ships in the area.

But the men say Maersk and Waterman ignored the warnings and sent their ship within 250 miles of the Somali coast.

Somali pirates attacked and boarded the Maersk Alabama on April 8, took several crewmembers hostage and caused them permanent physical and emotional injuries, according to the identical complaints.

Four pirates seized the ship 240 nautical miles southeast of the Somali port of Eyl. U.S. troops rescued the captain and several crewmembers on April 12, after a 3-day stand-off.

The men say Maersk and Waterman sacrificed their employees' safety for financial gain. Read more. Image: courtesy of @vanderfelix.

After the London Conference on Somalia in February of this year, numerous private side meetings in the United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Somalia have touched off a spate of rumors of who will emerge the winner in the push for a viable land-based, anti-piracy business, writes Robert Young Pelton of Somalia Report.

The first rumor claimed US player Bancroft Global Development was in discussions with high-level UAE officials about an anti-piracy program to be based Mogadishu’s old harbor. This is the same location Somalia’s Transitional Federal Government (TFG) planned to stand up the original Saracen anti-piracy program.

Rumors of a Somali-based, UAE funded initiative between the UAE and Bancroft began in the late fall of 2011 were sparked when Bancroft started their unofficial rehabilitation of a 7-meter skiff in the Mogadishu harbor last year.

Halliday Finch is a Nairobi-based security and communications firm run by ex-British military officer, Sam Mattock. They have long touted a potential training and anti-piracy program with the TFG announcing a signed contract last month. The exact details are not known, but it appears this program is following a well-worn path of Somalia government fishery income collected and shared with an outside contractor. This model has not fared well in the past. Read the full article HERE.

The Navy has grounded its fleet of MW-8B Fire Scout unmanned helicopters after two unrelated crashes in a one-week period. It means that the frigate Simpson, which deployed to West Africa in January in a counter piracy detail with a pair of Fire Scouts onboard, is left without any operational aircraft - Navy Times.

Fire Scout flights are “temporarily suspended” for all 14 aircraft in the Navy’s inventory while the two incidents are investigated and improvements are made, Naval Air Systems Command officials said Tuesday.

On April 6, the most recent incident, a Fire Scout operating in northern Afghanistan crashed during a surveillance mission with Regional Command-North. The UAV was not recovered and the cause of the crash is under investigation. The Navy has three of the aircraft in Afghanistan.

A week earlier a Fire Scout was ditched at sea at the end of a sortie off the coast of Western Africa. On March 30, the UAV left the Simpson for an Africa Partnership Station surveillance mission. When it returned to the ship, it was not able to “lock on” with its UAS Common Automated Recovery System, a program that automatically lands the Fire Scout on the ship’s deck. A spokesman for Northrop Grumman, the contractor that developed the Fire Scout, said there’s no manual way to land the aircraft. The Simpson’s crew was able to recover the Fire Scout by hoisting it from a lift point atop the rotor.

The mishaps did not cause any injuries or damage other aircraft.

It’s not clear what will happen with the Simpson’s deployment now that it doesn’t have any operational aircraft. This was the first time that the Fire Scout deployed without an accompanying MH-60 Sea Hawk. Read more.

Piracy and Armed Robbery at Sea Statistics for Mar 2012, including maps for HoA/IOR, West Africa and Southeast Asia - HERE.

Hijacks:

Red Sea - Warship in the vicinity reported a tanker hijacked in position 13:33.60N - 042:35E. Confirmation awaited, however no further details have been made known. Reported 7 Apr.

Unsuccessful Attacks/Robberies (All regions):

South China Sea - LATE Report | 15 robbers armed with knives and guns boarded a tanker underway at 0200 LT in position 01:50.1N - 104:28.0E, Pedra Branca, Malaysia. The robbers chased the duty crew and entered the accommodation. They mustered the crew, tied their hands, entered accommodation areas and stole personal effects, escaping after 45 minutes. One crewmember was injured in the incident. Reported (via IMB) 25 Mar.
South China Sea - LATE Report | Three armed robbers boarded an anchored chemical tanker at 2015 UTC in position 01:42.2N - 103:27.5, Dumai Inner anchorage, Indonesia. The robbers threatened the duty crew with a knife; stole handheld radio and escaped. The incident was reported to the Agent and Port Control. Reported (via IMB) 2 Apr.
South China Sea - Robbers boarded an anchored Liberia-flagged bulk carrier,Aphrodite L, entered the forward store and stole ship stores at 0330 LT in posn: 01:11.1S-117:11.5E, Muara Jawa Anchorage, Samarinda, Indonesia. The robbers were sighted by duty AB who alerted D/O. Alarm raised resulting in the robbers escaping with ship stores. Reported (via IMB) 7 Apr.
Arabian Sea - Duty lookout onboard a Singapore-flagged chemical tanker, MTM Gibraltar, underway noticed a mother vessel lowering a skiff at 0950 UTC in position 12:14.2N - 061:45.7E. The skiff with six pirates armed with RPG and automatic weapons approached the vessel at high speed. Alarm sounded and non essential crew retreated into the citadel. Onboard armed security teams fired warning shots at the approaching skiff at a distance of 500 meters. The skiff was observed to stop and return to the mother vessel. Crew and vessel safe. Reported 9 Apr.
Gulf of Guinea - Two robbers armed with machine guns boarded an anchored tanker at 0025 UTC in position 04:43N - 001:35E, 9nm from Lome breakwater, Lome, Togo. They entered the engine room and accommodations. The alert crew raised the alarm, and all retreated into the citadel. Attempts to contact the authorities failed but the sister ship of the vessel in the vicinity relayed the area message to the Togo navy. A naval team boarded the vessel for investigation. No injuries were sustained by the crew. Reported (via IMB) 12 Apr.
Mozambique Channel - MV came under attack by 1 skiff at 1116 UTC in position 11:18S - 041:00E. Weapons were fired from a distance of 50m. Evasive manoeuvres were carried out. The vessel evaded the hijack attempt. Reported (via NSC) 13 Apr.

EUNAVFOR (latest) figures state 8 vessels and an estimated 236 hostages held captive (Updated 28 Mar). Somalia Report indicates 280 hostages held from 22 captured vessels with a further 25 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 305 hostages. UKMTO states 16 vessels and 216 hostages are held captive.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity (Click on Map for Larger View)

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MV Leila Reported Released By Somali Pirates

Thu, 12 Apr 2012 13:15:53 UTC

MV Leila Reported Released by Somali Pirates

Source: Reuters

Somali pirates have released a Panama-flagged vessel they seized two months ago allowing it to continue on its way to the breakaway enclave of Somaliland, the ship's agent and a government official said on Thursday.

MV Leila Released

Pirates hijacked MV Leila in February near Oman, seizing the ship with its cargo of goods and cars, and then sailing it to the semi-autonomous region of Puntland in Somalia.

The vessel was en route to Somaliland at the time and the pirates said they would impound it until fellow pirates being held in the enclave's jails were released.

On Thursday, Mohamed Osman, the head of Somaliland's anti-piracy task force, told Reuters the ship had been released.

"I have spoken to Omar Apocar, Deputy Manager of the Port of Berbera, who has confirmed to me that the ship has been released in Bosasso and will most probably anchor in Berbera tonight," he said, referring to Somaliland's port city.

Ahmed Farah Mohamed, the ship's Somali agent in Berbera, told Reuters the release took place when a ransom was paid after talks among local elders, businessmen and shipping agents.

The payment of a ransom could not immediately be verified - Osman said the authorities in Somaliland had a policy of not paying ransoms.

"I have no official information on money changing hands. The official view of Somaliland is that no ransom should be paid," he said.

Somali pirate gangs typically seize ships in the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden, holding their cargo and crews until they receive a ransom.

In February, Somaliland's parliament adopted legislation that classified piracy as a crime, allowing pirates convicted abroad to be transferred to the enclave.

Somaliland, which declared its independence from Somalia in 1991 but is still not recognized internationally, said the laws were proof of the territory's commitment to fight maritime attacks off Somalia's shores.

Puntland - the area where the MV Leila was held - is notorious for piracy and has frosty relations with Somaliland.

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Regulating the Maritime Security Sector

Tue, 10 Apr 2012 15:50:42 UTC

Lost in Translation? The Emergence Of Regulation To The Maritime Security Sector

Source: Safety4Sea Contributed by Paul Gibbins - PGC Global

Number of successful hijacks continues to fall

As pirate attacks on commercial vessels continue to rise, the number of successful hijacks continues to fall, in no small part due to the effectiveness of private maritime security companies. The armed deterrent is holding the thin blue line separating the captivity of seafarers from commercial viability for a struggling shipping industry.

This far, nearly all PMSC's are signatories to the International Code of Conduct for Private Security Companies (ICOC). The ICOC was originally designed for private security companies operating on land, and in the absence of anything else to benchmark the fast growing maritime security sector, have been adopted by the maritime security sector, keen to add credibility to their service in the eyes of the shipping sector and thereby increase their commercial capability.

The ICOC is now widely accepted in the sector as 'first base' in terms of complying with an international standard. So far it has remained somewhat innocuous, untouched and untried. But most recently it was reported that it is taking its code much more seriously and beginning to shape itself to benchmark standards of service specifically for the maritime sector, but now with sanction. This is timely, as the UK Government has also recently announced the appointment of a special interest group within the Aerospace, Defence Security and Space sectors (ADS): the Security in Complex Environments Group (SCEG). As the UK's industry partner for the regulation and accreditation of private security providers, ADS is to introduce a set of standards for the delivery of private security in both the maritime and land domains. Worthy of note is that the SCEG is focused purely upon UK security companies - wet and dry - registered in the UK (which in the maritime domain, most are) and those MARSEC firms sub-contracting UK nationals - predominantly ex UK Military. Commensurate to these standards is also the ISO 9001, widely understood across industry and complied with by PMSC's; a worthy addition to the list of standards. It is anticipated that both the ICOC and the SCEG will charge likely contenders for future accreditation and subsequent regulation. The ICOC estimates its costs at $5m per year; costs for the SCEG are yet to be announced.

Another prominent benchmark of standards for PMSC's is the 'Security Association for the Maritime Industry' (SAMI). An international and independent organisation, it has been operating on behalf of its members for nearly a year now and has corralled 150 security companies under one trade association in an effort to provide a conduit between the shipping sector and quality maritime security providers. In an effort to set a minimum standard of service and delivery, the association has worked hard to offer some transparency for a sector that has been damaged by lower cost services from less reputable operators, offering a shady form of delivery in an effort to win business. SAMI's standard is based upon the IMO guidelines for the selection and use of PMSC's (1405/6) and has already gained resonance in an industry keen to identify reputable providers. It has also been busy, introducing a working accreditation programme already endorsed by one of the Flag Registries: The Marshall islands, and soon to be presented to the shipping community via the IMO at MSC80 next month. SAMI's accreditation is purely voluntary for its members, the cost of which is borne by each security company, but increasingly being recognized and accepted by the shipping sector to be sufficient for the safe and reliable delivery of armed security.

It is little surprise that the maritime security sector is unsure of which 'standard' to comply to, there are many vying for the same space of trust and credibility. And yet the standard has already been set with the IMO's guidelines for the selection and use of PMSC's in IMO circular 1405/06 and 1408. Viewed through the eyes of the customer, the shipping sector, the IMO guidelines are the minimum standards to be achieved, this far nothing more, and certainly nothing less.

Of course it is in the interests of everyone to require and enforce high standards. BIMCO, the industry's largest shipping association has just launched the 'GUARDCON', designed to standardize the contract between PMSC and Ship-owner. It also seeks to clarify roles, responsibilities and most importantly of all the separation of liability between security team and master. For a security company placing guys, guns and skillsets on board commercial vessels, the whole process is an extremely complex and challenging undertaking. For the ship owner, it is equally highly risky, not least where most feel nervous at the mere sight of a weapon, but more importantly the issues of liability and culpability in the event of dire consequences. Yet despite these inherent risks, the armed deterrent is acknowledged as a necessary (and proven) measure to safeguard master, crew, vessel and cargo through high-risk areas.

It is natural to assume that for the customer it should be gratifying to know that a security provider is delivering something to best of their ability. Currently, a ship owner wishing to scrutinise a security provider, an independent background check is completed through a 'due diligence' process. Exactly what is contained in this process is often a closely guarded secret; a security company waits for an impromptu inspection by clipboard to note how it delivers its product. The "wheels" of the security company are kicked thoroughly by the client, a necessary task in the absence of one 'standard'.

Obviously from the security companies perspective, it would like to make the 'due diligence' aspect as pain free as possible, and the acceptance of a minimum standard via accreditation potentially offers the customer a one stop check of quality, for many being signatory to the ICOC has been the first of such checks. However, the private maritime security sector is still unregulated and whilst the majority of companies offer a very high quality transparent service, concerns remain that there will always be others who will choose not to comply with any standard and offer maritime security at less cost. For a financially beleaguered shipping sector, smaller operators might be tempted by these cheaper and un-regulated security providers in a valiant bid to cut the cost of maritime security on a transit.

As in all businesses, ultimately, it is for the customer to decide which providers to contract, a decision driven in the main by the quality of the product and the value for money. In the security sector, there is additional impetus for transparency in the delivery of such a high-risk product. Whether that standard of service is insisted upon by the client, adopted and demonstrated by the provider through accreditation or ignored entirely, only the shipping community can decide as to which standard it wants to uphold. Whether the cost of due diligence or accreditation is borne by the customer or the provider, both are striving for the same thing, a quality product offering a credible deterrent against piracy, ensuring the safe passage of seafarers across the oceans. Regulation of the maritime security sector is coming; many PMSC's welcome this and as far as seafarers and their families are concerned, just behind the last line of defence against hijack and captivity, this can only be hugely reassuring.

Paul Gibbins is an independent maritime communications consultant. Formerly the Director of Communications for a leading UK maritime security company and an ex Royal Marine, he has worked on various public relations projects on behalf of the United Nations, the US & UK Governments in Sierra Leone, Lebanon, Iraq, Somalia, Afghanistan, Iraq and Kosovo.

The views expressed are those of the contributor and do not necessarily reflect those of OCEANUSLive.

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Weekly Piracy Report

Sun, 08 Apr 2012 19:45:24 UTC

31 March - 6 April 2012

Bad Good Friday: Chinese cargo ship hijacked off Iran but rescued on the same day as China asks for Iran's help. NATO states 60 percent reduction in piracy. Iranian commandos arrest 12 pirates after ship rescue. Galmudug plans attack on pirates. Interview with pirate-turned-mediator. West Africa overfishing risks piracy backlash. Fishermen literally hammered near Suriname waters. Pirate prisoners claim part of ransom goes to militants. Private security lacks proper insurance, and 'floating armouries' are a mystery to some. Video of an aggressive pirate approach deterred by 'weapons free' armed guards. Ransom payment for Judith Tebbutt sparks war of words. SHADE meeting sees 145 delegates attend. India issues guidance on fishing activities to avoid confusion with pirates. How wide is a beach, ask German lawmakers relating to EU mandate extension. Gulf concerns over costs to shipping due to piracy. Sri Lanka, Indian, Filippino and S Korean seafarers held. SA Gripen pilots to keep up flying hours by counter piracy tasking. Fire Scout - robot helicopter able to autonomously identify small boats using LADAR.
Contents:

Regional Activity; Released by Pirates; Pirates in Court; Private Security; International Response; Piracy Cost; Seafarers' Plight; And Finally...; Piracy Incidents; Situational Map

East Africa

A Panama-flagged, China-owned general cargo ship, Xiang Hua Men, owned by Nanjing Ocean Shipping Company, was reported attacked by pirates only 15nm off the coast of Iran in the Gulf of Oman, on April 6, around 0505 UTC. Initial reports stated that the ship had been boarded by pirates and that the 28 crewmembers were secured in the onboard citadel. However, military authorities have since reported that the vessel has been hijacked near the Iranian port of Chabahar, with pirates clambering onto the vessel with ladders and opening fire. Two Iranian warship followed the hijacked vessel and it was reported that the pirates "threw their weapons into the sea and surrendered to the Iranian navy," Xinhua news agency said.This is the first hijack this month, following a haul of 8 hijacks (not all resulting in a successful hijack) in March. This is the furthest northern hijack in the region to date.

In a surprising chain of events, the Chinese embassy in Iran had reportedly initiated an emergency operation through the Iranian navy with the aim of rescuing the vessel which had left Singapore and was heading to a port in southwestern Iran; the vessel had its engine damaged in the attack.

The Iranian navy was reported to have freed the cargo ship reporting the ship was "no longer in pirate hands" (12 pirates) - the second successful rescue mission by the Iranian navy in a matter of days.

Anti-piracy forces from Somalia's semi-autonomous region of Galmudug are planning to launch attack on pirates in Hobyo area, senior officials said on Friday [30 March], reported Somalia Report.

"We are planning to remove pirates from the region, because we are the legitimate government and they are pirates, so we cannot stay together in the region," said Abdiweli Hassan Hirsi Farabadane, the counter-piracy commander for Galmudug state. "Our planning stage is ending and soon we will launch attacks on the pirates."

Hobyo has become a hub where pirates park their hijacked boats, demand ransoms and plan future attacks. Galmudug has declared before that they will fight piracy throughout the region, yet current operations target the pirates in the Hobyo area.

Asked who will fund the current operations, and Commander Farabadane answered, "there are no international organization supporting us. If we had any support from international organizations against pirates there would be no pirates in the region, so lack of support is what caused to us to be powerless," he said. "We request assistance from international anti-piracy organizations around the world to support our anti-piracy operations. I believe the best solution would be for other countries to support our forces. The pirates have a lot of weapons, money and troops, but we can defeat and remove them if we had financial support."

In recent months, Somali pirates have been using Hobyo and Harardhere as their largest bases. Galmudug officials told Somalia Report that the pirates control Hobyo and that Harardheere is under control of the al-Shabaab militants who are linked with the pirates. Hobyo, which Galmudug nominally controls, pirates are moving about without fear. Galmudug officials have accelerated their anti-piracy operations since pirates docked the hijacked Taiwanese fishing vessel, Naham 3.

Somalia Report interviewed high-profile pirate turned mediator, Abdulkadir Mohamed Afweyne. He spoke of his concern about EU NAVFOR's controversial decision to extend their mandate, and his belief that the solution to Somali piracy requires discussion, not force. Afweyne is the son of Mohamed Abdi Hassan Afweyne, one of the founding figures of modern day Somali piracy.

He wanted to provide a few details on pirate activity in the region. The EU NAVFOR decision to extend their mandate to target pirate bases on shore is concerning, and this decision must be cancelled or stopped, otherwise it means that things may get worse. It is an awful decision; we have already been victimized by illegal fishing which encouraged Somalis to attack foreign ships in order to defend our right and country.

What kinds of rights are you talking about? Pirates have attacked ships thousands of miles off the coast of Somalia. These are clearly not involved in illegal fishing in Somalia's waters.

There are a number of different pirate groups operating. There are more than 1500 pirates that operate around the areas of Eel-Janaale, Hobyo and Harardheere. We have recently decided to reduce attacks on ships that are traveling far off the coast of Somalia. Before our involvement in piracy, we were fishermen in Harardheere and Hobyo. Our boats were destroyed by ships which were fishing illegally in our sea, and piracy was our response.

We believe that there is a solution to piracy. To prevent our operations against commercial ships, we need to ensure that we are free to fish in our sea, without intimidation from international counter-piracy forces or foreign illegal fishing vessels. I trust that piracy can be solved through negotiations and not by force.

Do you think you can negotiate with the European Union counter-piracy operation off the coast of Somalia to stop piracy in the region?

Yes of course. We would like this and would consider it, but there are some people against the idea. Those people tend to be clan elders and diaspora groups who are not willing to address the root causes of piracy.

As you may know I'm one of the high level officials for the pirates in Mudug region, where the majority of pirates are based. I believe that we can facilitate efforts to stop pirate activity if the world is interested in that. If they ignore our advice then they will never stop attacks of the pirates in the region

We are now ready to sit around a table and we will stop piracy in the region as soon as the International actors start talking to us. We are adamant that there will be no resolution through force.

How many ships and crews are being held in the areas in which you operate? How do you treat the hostages?

There are at least four ships and about 60 hostages in the Harardheere area. Negotiations are ongoing, and I will not comment further on that side of things.

We treat hostages well by offering them food and free access to bathrooms. I want to remind you that there are other ships and crew who are being held in the areas of Garacad. We operate in Hobyo, Eel-Janaale and Harardheere.

Do you have any information about the US journalist (Michael Scott Moore) who was kidnapped from Galkayo by pirates.

Yes. The guys who are holding this journalist are from Galkayo. They are from the Sa’ad clan a sub-clan of Hawiye. They are in the bush areas near Hobyo with the journalist, and they change location frequently. We advised them to treat the journalist well. His health is good and negotiations are ongoing. Read more.

Rear Admiral Habibollah Sayyari, the commander of the Iranian navy says the 13 Somali pirates who were captured in the Indian Ocean will be put on trial at Iranian courts, IRNA reported Tuesday - IINS.

Sayyari added the pirates were detained after 48 hours exchanging fire with an Iranian patrolling ship and finally hand to hand fighting on the deck of the cargo ship Armis.

The ship which was carrying tens of tons cargo from the “South African route” to Iran was attacked by the pirates 2000 km off the Somali coast on March 26.

Iranian patrolling ships in the region could rescue Armis four days later; the Rea Admiral was quoted as saying.

The pirates have killed two Iranian nationals of the Armis crew members and injuring one who had tried to defend the ship, Sayyari stated, “but no lost among the Iranian marines.

More images, including Arrested Pirates (Payvand.com).

The latest report from the US Office of Naval Intelligence assesses with high confidence that Somali Pirates possess both the intent and capability to increase operations during the seasonal monsoon transition period - Shiptalk.

The warning extends across the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, and the Red Sea, expected to occur from late March through May 2012.

During the seasonal monsoon transition period, sea states are expected to be between 3-5 feet, ideal for operating attack skiffs in open ocean waters. Rain will occur mostly in the form of isolated thunderstorms and brief showers. Fog is also forecasted to occur frequently.

Pirates continue to be armed with assault rifles and RPGs; the use of heavier weaponry in the future cannot be discounted. Read more.

West Africa

Community leaders in Joal warn overfishing by foreign trawlers could lead to piracy and violence on the scale of Somalia, comments The Guardian.

Abdoulaye Gueye cannot see any Chinese, Russian or European trawlers as he lands his meagre catch of sardinellas and mackerel into waiting horse-drawn carts on the beach at Joal. But he knows there are 30 or more of them just over the horizon, hoovering up the fish he cannot reach.

A decade ago he could catch enough in a three-day trip to fill his 30ft-long wooden pirogue; today, he and his colleagues say they are lucky to earn enough to pay the diesel for their vessels. They are angry at what is happening to their fishing grounds and are demanding change from the new government.

Now, in a move aimed to put pressure on the developed countries to curb their fleets, community leaders in Joal and across Senegal have warned that overfishing by foreign fleets could lead to piracy and violence on the scale of Somalia, as well as a flood of economic migrants leaving west Africa to find work in Europe.

"Catches are 75% down on 10 years ago," said Samb Ibrahim, manager of Joal's fishing port. "In 2004 we landed 220,000 tonnes, now we catch only 120,000 tonnes year. It's a very serious situation." The port is the biggest in the country, with 1,500 fishermen competing to land declining catches.

"At this rate, in 10 years time there will be no fish left. So, unless something changes there will be a catastrophe for livelihoods, employment and food security," added Ibrahim.

"Senegal's only resource is the sea," said Abdou Karim Sall, president of the Fishermen's Association of Joal and the Committee of Marine Reserves in West Africa. "One in five people work in the industry, but if you put those people out of work then you can imagine what will happen. Europe is not far away and Senegal could become like Somalia. Read more.

Maritime insecurity in West Africa is fast becoming a major area of concern, particularly given the increase in piracy and armed attacks upon shipping and trade. Altogether 19 incidents of piracy and armed attacks have already been reported in 2012 according to the International Maritime Organisation (IMO)'s Global Integrated Shipping Information System (GISIS) - AllAfrica,

West African states have attempted to pre-empt the emergence of piracy by increasing their capacity to deter and prevent illegal activities. For instance, in response to attacks off its coastline Benin has recently purchased fast, armed patrol craft and other West Africa countries are likely to do the same. However, amidst this concern over West African piracy that could mimic piracy around the Horn of Africa, it is vital that one of the major sources of maritime insecurity that could lead to piracy and armed attacks in both regions be kept in mind, that of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing.

Major media investigations, including those by Al Jazeera in Sierra Leone and the UK's Guardian in Senegal, are slowly increasing the awareness of IUU. Any increase in insecurity amongst West African fishing communities as a result of IUU fishing, is likely to also affect food and human security, and has the potential to lead to increasing political, economic and social instability unless it is redressed. Read more.

A former militant leader in Nigeria’s oil-rich southern delta is linked to a private security company that signed a $103 million deal with the government to patrol the West African nation’s waterways to stop piracy, officials have told the Associated Press, writes Washington Times.

The commander, who was granted amnesty in 2009, endorsed hiring Global West Vessel Specialist Agency Ltd. to protect the waterways, something Nigeria's navy and civil authorities appear unable to do.

Before the amnesty, men allied with the ex-militant, Government Ekpumopolo, carried out attacks and killings in the southern Niger Delta.

Nigeria struggles with endemic graft, and analysts say the nation has one of the world’s most corrupt governments.

The government brokered an amnesty deal with militants in 2009. Since then, oil production has risen dramatically, but the $103 million contract raises worries about the influence of former militants.

“It is alarming that the patrol and control of Nigeria’s coastal borders is being handed to a private concern, run by a known warlord, even [if] he is a rehabilitated rebel,” said an editorial in the Daily Trust, the newspaper of record of Nigeria’s north.

A government official saw no problem with the contract. Read more.

South Americas

Armed, masked pirates attacked and robbed a few fishing boats close to the Suriname waters between Saturday [March 31] afternoon and Sunday [April 1] morning and escaped with large quantities of fish, fish glue and other articles - Stabroek News.

The pirates beat some of the workers with hammers, tied their heads in “salt bags” and destroyed their engines, leaving them to drift for several hours. Other boats that they tried to rob managed to escape into Suriname.

Somali pirates have released an Iranian bulk carrier after a week, a British naval official based in Dubai said yesterday, reports The National.

MV Eglantine, a Bolivian-flagged ship with 23 crew members was seized on March 26 off the south-western coast of India.

Hijacking this year has spread further east as the waters grow calmer, allowing pirates to travel further from Somalia, said James Cohen, a commander in the British Royal Navy and officer in charge of the UK Maritime Trade Operations (UKMTO) based in Dubai.

The seasonal trend continues until late June or early July, after which monsoons make the sea more difficult for piracy.

The UKMTO liaises with commercial vessels travelling through waters at risk of Somali piracy and with navies running counter-piracy patrols. Read more.

In a nail-biting race against time, the families of seven Pakistanis held hostage by Somali pirates and facing imminent death, must collected Rs160 million by April 20 for their safe release - The Express Tribune (Pakistan) .

Citizen Police Liaison Committee (CPLC) chief Ahmed Chinoy announced an official fundraising campaign for the 22-member crew onboard the Malaysian-flagged MV Albedo at a press conference on Sunday [April 1]. The Albedo has been in the possession of Somali pirates for the last 17 months. CPLC is collecting money for their rescue and has also opened accounts made in the names of the hostages’ families.

Chinoy said that $2.85 million is the total amount to be paid to the pirates as ransom. Total expenses, however, are $3.5 million, or Rs320 million – after accounting for the transfer of money to the pirates and bringing the ship back.

“We are raising money not only for 22 hostages but for 2,200 people living in Somalia. The pirates have to pay Somali suppliers for food and other goods which they have been delivering to the hostages. If they fail to do so, a bloody conflict can break out amongst them,” Chinoy said in his appeal.

The vessel is currently 50 kilometres off the coast of Somalia. Half of the Rs320 million is being raised by Pakistanis, while the rest is being raised by the Malaysian owner of the ship. Read more.

In a video 'Nobody's Indians', IBN Live reports on the two years since MV Iceberg was hijacked but help for the hostages is yet to come. Link.

The Centre may consider a proposal to release some Somali pirates detained by India for getting the release of seven Indians being held captive by them since September 28, 2010 - Times of India.

"There appears to be no other solution to the hostage crisis, and Centre is actively considering this," chief minister Oommen Chandy said here after talks with external affairs minister S M Krishna on Monday.

The ship, MV Asphalt Venture, which was hijacked by pirates from Kenyan waters, was later released after the owners paid ransom. Eight crewmen were also released then. But the pirates held seven officers, including two Keralites, on board. However, it is not clear where the Indian hostages are being kept.

The chief minister had been taking up the issue with the Centre even when he was the leader of the Opposition. He had supported Mercy George, wife of one of the hostages, George Joseph from Koothattukulam, in taking up the case with various authorities. Mercy and her daughter had pleaded with Krishna also to intervene in the case.

The external affairs minister said the Centre had been taking various steps to contain the scourge of piracy.

Somali pirates pay Al-shabaab 25% of all ransom paid for hijacked ships and abducted crew, claims Somaliland Sun.

This was revealed to Somaliland Sun, on condition of anonymity, by a Nairobi based security firm that facilitated the recent transfer of 17 pirate-convicts from Seychelles to Somaliland.

The 17 pirates who were given sentences ranging between 10 to 24 years imprisonment by a court in Seychelles are currently confined at the Hargeisa Pirate prison where they will serve remainder of the sentences following their request for transfer to Somaliland.

The 17 pirate-convicts have also been identified despite scanty information provided by the government (they are all from South Somalia). 17 years old Ibrahim Qorgab Ahmed is the youngest while Said Egal Abdilahi at 61 years of age is the oldest. The names and dates [year] of birth of the 17 are available HERE.

It is fair to observe that China has generally disassociated itself with the flow of the international criminal justice, states Piracy-Law.com. Voting against the Rome Statute in 1998 has best elaborated its stand on this issue. An “overly active” global court is perceived to have the potential to jeopardize state sovereignty, the cornerstone of the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-Existence China has consistently adhered to in its engagement of international affairs. A survey of China’s involvement with all the other UN-backed tribunals further confirms the above observation. Apart from Chinese judges, I am aware of only two senior staff to work in UN international tribunals. China is rarely interested in the work of these tribunals. Starting with low expectations, commentators were amazed, if not at all surprised, by China’s vote in favour of an international tribunal to prosecute piracy. In his speech at the UNSC debate, Chinese Ambassador Wang said his country would be in favour of the option of prosecution in Tanzania in an international court. To what extent is this an indicator of China’s broader trend of engagement with international criminal justice?

Observers arguing in favour of this proposition would suggest this happens in a wave of change in China’s view on international tribunals. In particular, China (the People’s Republic of China only took back the seat in the United Nations in 1971) for the first time appeared before the International Court of Justice in its proceedings in the Kosovo Advisory Opinion. China’s participation in this case is full-fledged, by both submitting written submissions as well as participating in the oral arguments. Lead by Ministry of Foreign Affair’s Legal Adviser, Ambassador Xue Hanqin (who later become a Judge at ICJ), the strength of the team is also unprecedented. As the words of Ambassador Xue plainly put:

[although] this is the first time for the People’s Republic of China to participate in the proceedings of the Court, the Chinese Government has always held great respect for the authority and importance of the Court in the field of international law.

Fortunately enough for us in favour of the proper functioning of international law, she has successfully persuaded the country and its rulers to endorse her endeavour at the International Court of Justice.

Those who are sceptical of the above proposition might suggest that this is also true for the case of international prosecution of piracy: enormous Chinese interests are at stake. Chinese vessels are not immune to piracy. In a wave of pirate attacks in 2008, a Hong Kong vessel was seized in September 2008. Later another attempted siege was launched on a Chinese fishery boat in December 2008 and was fortunately defeated by “friendly countries’ force”. At the end of that year, China decided to send its own battle vessels to the area, a practice lasting until today. Nevertheless, Chinese vessels continue to be harassed by pirates. For example, the Chinese vessel “De Xin Hai” was seized in October 2009. After arduous negotiations, Beijing was forced to pay a large ransom. China’s efforts have also extended to transnational crime along international rivers, more particular the Mekong. China has prominently displayed its naval force in response to recent deadly attacks along the river. In conclusion, a lesson has been learnt in Beijing: there must be an orchestrated effort in this regard, probably including the international prosecution of crimes. Read more.

The North P&I Club and private maritime security vetting company Gray Page have slammed the companies which have passed through its tests - Shiptalk.

According to an article in Lloyd’s List, after having completed the second round of its vetting programme for the P&I club there has been alarm at the standards shown by a number of companies under scrutiny.

North director Mike Salthouse said that PMSCs’ lack of insurance was again an issue and that firms were “struggling to understand the obligation and responsibility they have in terms of moving weapons”. He also claimed that many “really don’t know what they are doing”. In terms of rules on the use of force, some firms could end up with criminal prosecutions on their hands,” he said.

The companies that have participated in North’s vetting process to date are: Neptune Maritime Security, DC RMS, Diaplous Maritime Services, Control Risks Group Holdings, GOAGT, Ambrey Risk, Protection Vessels International, EOS Risk Management, G4S International Maritime Solutions JLT and LSS.

There has been much talk lately about the role of “floating armouries” in the fight against piracy, as concerns have been voiced about their dubious legality - Shiptalk.

According to Lloyd’s List, the UK government has confirmed that it has not licensed any private maritime security firm that, to its knowledge, is storing weapons or equipment in a floating armoury. The key phrase here of course is to their “knowledge”.

It is well known, outside government circles, that most PMSCs operating in the Gulf of Aden use so-called flotels to store weapons, equipment and men offshore to avoid port charges and weapons regulations…and that many of these are indeed licensed by the UK government.

The fact that weapon export licenses have been seemingly issued on a “don’t ask, don’t tell” basis is cause for some concern. It calls into question the legal status of some 12 floating armouries said to be stationed in international waters around high-risk areas.

The UK Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) is understood to have struggled with demand for licenses for the UK companies which have applied. To the extent that a new, less bureaucratic system was introduced in February, with a new general license for companies engaged in anti-piracy operations.

It is understood that there are around a dozen ships operating as floating armouries at any one time. Naturally there have been calls urging governments and industry leaders to impose standards and gain approval on the unchecked practice of storing weapons offshore. Read more.

Following a recent incident where armed guards on board a tanker off the Indian Coast mistakenly fired at a fishing vessel, the Indian Director General of Shipping has published Merchant Shipping Notice No. 7 of 2012 "Navigation off the Indian coast - transgressing of fishing nets - mistaking fishing boats with pirate skiffs" - West P&I.

The Notice contains general guidance on fishing activities off the Indian coast, including a warning that fishing vessels may head towards ships they believe may be approaching their nets in an effort to alert the bridge watchkeeping officer.

In addition, vessels with armed guards are urged to report their presence to the Indian Navy / Indian Coastguard when within India's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). India's EEZ currently extends 200 nautical miles from the coast and may be extended in due course subject to a decision by the United Nations. Read more.

A merchant vessel making a peaceful transit has prepared its defences, including sandbags around the bridge and upperdeck areas with barbed wire around the vessel in keeping with BMP. A fast approaching pirate skiff draws warning shots from an unknown armed private maritime security team on the vessel. The term "weapons free" is clearly heard. Despite the warning shots, the skiff continues its aggressive approach. The pirates' determination to reach the ship is evident. A second skiff is then observed making an approach towards the ship. The aggressive approach, using a now common tactic of probing the defences, resulted in the security team firing shots to deter the pirate attack, although it may be considered a disproportionate response.

The PMSC concerned is not known, however, the LiveLeak video (via Feral Jundi - HERE) clearly demonstrates the dangers faced by seafarers, even with BMP implemented, the fear of attack and possible hijack that is felt during each transit. Having an armed security team leap into action as another layer of defence, in this case, raises the question on the Rules for Using Force.

The past few months have been marked by continual progress on all fronts for the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia and its working groups, assistant foreign minister for security and military affairs Fares Al Mazroui told delegates at the 11th plenary meeting of the Contact Group on Piracy of the Coast of Somalia in New York yesterday - Gulf News.

Progress in the campaign against piracy has been built around four key priorities, Al Mazroui said as the UAE chaired the New York meeting of the contact group.

Significant advances

The first key priority that the UAE has set out to achieve through its leadership of the plenary is the raising of awareness and public diplomacy measures, especially in the region, Al Mazroui said in opening remarks at the meeting.

The strong progress made on this front through Working Group 4, which met in New York, includes significant advances made on the Contact Group's public information strategy, he added.

Arabic website

"Furthermore, as a part of these efforts, the UAE is considering the possibility of making available an Arabic version of the contact group's website, so that the group's work can be more accessible to the public in some of the regions most affected by Somali piracy," he said.

This initiative highlights the second of the UAE's key priorities for its plenary chairmanship: to emphasise the importance of engagement and ownership of this process by countries located in the region most affected by piracy, he added.

Critical stake

"The UAE, along with its neighbours in the region, has a critical stake in the freedom of movement on the western Indian Ocean, where piracy affects not only our seafarers, but our economies and its coastal security as well," Al Mazroui said.

Through measures such as diplomatic engagements, the UAE is striving to bring the piracy problem to the attention of Gulf states and partners. This emphasis on the region would help meet other key priorities of the UAE's plenary chairmanship, the official stressed.

Rear Admiral Tanin Likitawong, Royal Thai Navy, relieved Commodore Aage Buur Jensen, Royal Danish Navy, as Commander Combined Task Force (CTF) 151, during a change of command ceremony onboard USS Halsey (DDG 97), Muscat, Oman, March 29 - CMF.

The ceremony concluded the Royal Danish Navy’s first command of CTF 151, which consisted of a multi-national staff embarked in Halsey. The three month operation further strengthened ties with other counter-piracy naval forces on operations in the region, as well as further developing communication and collaboration within the merchant shipping community. Read more.

It is estimated that more than 145 representatives from navies, law enforcement agencies, the shipping industry and various governments met in Bahrain, to discuss counter-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden and Somali Basin - CMF.

The 23rd Shared Awareness and Deconfliction (SHADE) meeting [held 16 March] was chaired by the European Union Naval Force (EUNAVFOR) Capt Phil Haslam, Royal Navy, and hosted by Combined Maritime Forces (CMF).

The SHADE meeting, held every three months, focuses on improving cooperation and coordination of the maritime forces operating in the region while considering new initiatives and programs designed to disrupt, and ultimately, prevent, future pirate attacks.

The participants heard updates on the marked improvements of counter-piracy operations and success stories from the military and civilian maritime forces represented, as well as from the maritime industry.

Although there have been definite improvements in piracy deterrents since the last forum, Commodore Simon Ancona, Deputy Commander CMF, urged vigilance, stating in his opening remarks:

“If we remove the pressure then the problem will flare again. Gatherings such as these prove that there is always scope for better understanding and awareness which benefits every seafarer.”

Ancona also stated that to have a long term effect, the promoters and sponsors of piracy must also be targeted.

SHADE is also gathering momentum reflected by the increase in attendance. Malaysia was also present as the latest member of CMF.

SHADE participants meet regularly in Bahrain which is the base of the Combined Maritime Forces. The next SHADE will be held in June 2012.

The SHADE concept was established in Dec 2008, to coordinate the efforts of the many military forces conducting counter-piracy operations including escorting convoys of merchant vessels in the region.

The EU (European Union) agreed, on March 23rd, to allow its anti-piracy force off Somalia (EUNAVFOR) to attack coastal targets and coordinate military operations with the Somali TNG (Transitional National Government) - Strategy Page. This means that EUNAVFOR ships and aircraft can attack pirate targets on land. Most of the pirate bases (coastal towns and villages) are in Puntland, a self-declared state in northern Somalia. While less violent and chaotic than southern Somalia, Puntland officials are bribed and intimidated (by the superior firepower of the pirate gangs) into inaction. Technically, Puntland is opposed to the pirates, so the EU is hoping that Puntland won't make a stink when EU forces begin shooting at pirates on the coast.

The EU plan apparently involves going after pirate logistics and fuel supplies in their coastal havens. This could be tricky, as the pirates are well aware of how the Western media works and could easily put many of these targets in residential neighborhoods. The EU could respond by blockading the pirate bases, and attacking pirate attempts to truck in fuel and other supplies. Pirates could put civilians on trucks, or even captured sailors from ships held for ransom. There is no easy solution to the Somali pirates.

This new policy is not a radical shift in policy, but a continuation of a trend that has been under way for a while. For example, in the last year, the EU, and other members of the anti-piracy patrol, have taken a more aggressive approach to the pirates. Pirate mother ships (usually captured ocean going fishing ships) have been attacked on sight and any speedboat carrying armed men face similar treatment. This has encouraged Puntland to be more aggressive towards the pirates, but the Puntland anti-piracy force has not been able to shut down any pirate bases, and pirates openly try to gun down the leaders of the government anti-piracy effort. Nevertheless, the more aggressive attitude towards the pirates is having an impact. Aggressive anti-piracy tactics and more armed guards on merchant ships have reduced pirate attacks by nearly 70 percent in the last six months, and the number of captured ships even more.

Another encouraging sign is the growing number of pirates who are moving their portions of the ransom money out of Somalia, the kind of precaution that would be taken by someone who saw a dim future for piracy in Somalia.

A Westcountry ship will lead an Anglo-French armada to blast Somali pirates in their hideouts before they set sail, according to reports says This is Cornwall.

Devonport-based HMS Bulwark is likely to play a part in the mission to search the Somali coastline to find the gangs in their camps before they venture out to sea.

Whitehall sources suggest HMS Bulwark – an amphibious landing ship – and the Portsmouth-based helicopter carrier HMS Illustrious will sail to the Mediterranean with frigates – also from Devonport – and Royal Fleet Auxiliary supply ships.

The ships are said to be preparing to take part in war games with the French nuclear aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle, after which British Prime Minister David Cameron will announce the fleet's deployment along the Somali coast.

Apache helicopter gunships would be used to attack the pirate hideouts and boats before they leave port, it was reported, while HMS Bulwark will carry 500 Royal Marines from 45 Commando.

A unnamed crew member on HMS Illustrious told the newspaper: "It is the worst-kept secret in Nato that we will be taking on the pirates." Read more.

The estimated $940,000 paid for the recent release of the British woman Judith Tebbutt held hostage in Somalia since last September has re-opened a war of words between the international shipping companies and the US and UK governments - The East African.

Both London and Washington have been increasingly insisted that ransom payments should not be paid as this only encourages the pirates.

UK Prime Minister David Cameron urged the creation of “an international task force on ransoms” adding that his aim was to “stop these payments because in the end they only ensure that crime pays.”

The US has been more specific with Andrew Shapiro, a senior official in the State Department saying that “a vicious circle has formed where ever-rising ransom payments have not just spurred pirate activity but have also enabled pirates to increase their operational capacity and sophistication.”

Latest evidence indicates that, although there has been a decline over the past two years in the number of pirate attacks, ransom payments have increased substantially, with $9.5 million paid for the release of the South Korean oil tanker Sambo Dream [By OL: Samho Dream. Irene SL higher ransom] in November 2010.

Shipping companies say the approach of the US and UK governments could escalate the use of violence against seafarers.

The International Shipping Association warned that it would put all hostages “currently held in captivity by Somali pirates at the mercy of violent organised crime.” Read more.

The hijack success rate for Somali pirates has dropped sharply in recent months, a NATO official said on Monday, due in part to more merchant ships turning to armed security guards, razor wire and water pumps to protect themselves.

Improved international cooperation on combating piracy on land and at sea - covering an area four times the size of the Arabian peninsula - has been the cornerstone of efforts to tackle a problem costing the world economy up to $12 billion a year, a spokesman for NATO's counter-piracy force in the Indian Ocean said - Reuters.

"Only six vessels have been pirated for ransom in the last eight months, compared to 36 in the preceding eight," Lieutenant Commander Mehmet Elyurek told reporters on board the TCG Giresun, the Turkish flagship of the force that operates off the Horn of Africa.

The rate of successful hijack attempts had "almost returned to pre-crisis (2007) levels."

John Steed, a former head of the United Nations counter-piracy unit, has said a major reason for the drop in the number of vessels hijacked is that the pirates got so rich last year.

But increased use of armed private security guards, and other defences like pirate-pummelling water pumps and razor wire are also helping reduce the number of successful attacks on merchant ships.

"Armed security guards on board the merchant vessels is very effective means of protecting them," Rear Admiral Sinan Azmi Tosun, the commander of the SNMG2 said. "We welcome all these protection measures."

Nine pirated merchant ships are still anchored off the Somali coast waiting for ransom payments from their owners, and an Iranian sugar ship hijacked last week near the Maldives is on its way to Somalia, he said.

Pirates held 1,026 hostages last year but after some $146 million in ransom was paid to free 30 vessels, the number of hostages has fallen to 236, according to NATO figures.

Sixty percent fewer ships are being hijacked off the Horn of Africa, the commander of the Nato counter-piracy mission said in Dubai yesterday - The National.

Rear Admiral Sinan Azmi Tosun, the Turk serving as commanding officer of the Standing Nato Maritime Group 2 (SNMG2), said only six merchant vessels were taken for ransom in the past eight months, compared with 36 in the eight months before.

Admiral Tosun said there had been a drop of 60 per cent since 2008.

"Nato, in conjunction with other actors, is succeeding in countering piracy," he said.

Admiral Tosun said that last year 1,026 hostages were taken hostage and ransoms totalling US$146 million (Dh536.2m) were paid to free 30 vessels. Read more.

Somali pirates launched fewer successful attacks on commercial shipping in 2011. European Union nations want that trend to continue through 2012 and beyond. Last week, EU nations agreed to let their military forces patrolling the Somali coast conduct strikes on pirate facilities up to two kilometers inland. Attacking pirate bases represents a significant change in military policy but is in line with more aggressive counter-piracy measures being implemented in areas subject to Somali pirate attacks, comments Townhall.com.

Escalation has always been a military option. Resistance has thwarted previous pirate attacks.

In 2005, Somali pirates attacked the cruise ship Seabourn Spirit. Despite damaging the civilian liner with automatic rifle fire and rocket-propelled grenades, the pirate attack failed. Why? The crew resisted. They used the ship's wake to jostle the pirate speedboats then employed a non-lethal but ear-drum rattling sonic weapon. The pirates withdrew -- to attack easier prey at a more opportune moment.

International forces patrolling off the coast have counterattacked at sea. The most spectacular example occurred three years ago, when a U.S. Navy SEAL team killed three pirates who had taken an American merchant ship [Maersk Alabama] captain hostage. At least one pirate had a weapon pointed at the hostage when the SEALs fired. The successful rescue was a near thing. Read more.

How wide is a beach? How long are internal waters? Whoever thought that German lawmakers would ask such questions? - Khaleej Times Online.

Yet that is what is going to happen in the coming weeks when the German Parliament will be asked to support what could turn out to be one of the European Union’s most dangerous missions. The mission involves pursuing Somali pirates onshore, the first time the Union has considered such an option. So far, the EU mandate off the Horn of Africa, known as Operation Atalanta, has limited the pursuit of pirates to the sea.

The EU foreign policy chief, Catherine Ashton, set out her goal to foreign ministers when they met in Brussels in late March. The changes to the Atalanta mandate, Ashton said, would allow it “to take more robust action on the Somali coast.” Gernot Erler, deputy parliamentary leader of the opposition Social Democrats and a specialist in foreign policy, is skeptical. “This is such a radical change to the mandate. Where will it all end? It could lead to mission creep,” he said.

Austria and Spain, which along with Germany considered blocking the move, have similar reservations. But they, too, agreed to pass the issue to the military planners. Read more.

Stating that the disruption of sea-borne trade due to piracy, terrorism, or conflict can have serious repercussions on the economies and overall well-being of nations in the Indian Ocean Region, Defence Minister A K Antony today said the INS Chakra would play a major role in reshaping maritime operations of the Indian Navy in the years to come and ensure security, sovereignty and economic prosperity of the country News Track India.

Antony, who formally commissioned the Akula II class Nerpa, rechristened 'INS Chakra', into the Navy at the Ship Building Complex in Visakhapatnam, in his address on the occasion said the Indian Ocean Region, which is home to large population and some of the most dynamic and fast growing economies, has assumed great strategic significance over the years.

" Geo-strategically, India is the hub of this region. The disruption of sea-borne trade due to piracy, terrorism, or conflict can have serious repercussions on the economies and overall well-being of nations in the Indian Ocean Region. As peace and stability in the region are crucial to peace in the world at large, it is imperative that the Indian Navy maintains a strong, stabilising and credible naval presence in the region," said Antony.

"At the same time, I wish to strongly emphasise that our naval presence is not at all directed against any nation, but only to act as a stabilising force and protect our strategic interests. Towards this end, the induction of INS Chakra is a step in the right direction," he added.

Expressing his pleasure to be at the arrival ceremony of INS Chakra, Antony said: " The historic event reflects the high level of cooperation and strategic partnership between India and Russia." Read more.

Gulf concerns including threats to shut shipping lanes, persistent piracy and volatile oil prices need a global response, the United Arab Emirates' economy minister said on Monday, reports Reuters.

"The shipping business in general now has to address growing piracy threats. There are regional concerns too, especially those relating to the potential closure of shipping routes," Sultan bin Saeed al-Mansouri told a conference.

"These concerns have international implications and must be addressed in the spirit of cooperation and dialogue."

The UAE, one of the world's top oil exporters, ships its crude through the Strait of Hormuz, which Iran has threatened to block as tensions between Tehran and the West have intensified over the last few months.

Leaders in the region have sought assurances Iran will not carry out its threat, made in response to Western efforts to squeeze Tehran's oil exports. About a fifth of the world's traded oil passes through the Strait and into the pirate-infested Indian Ocean.

The Strait of Hormuz has been constantly patrolled by a fleet of U.S., French and British naval vessels for years.

Mansouri also called for more cooperation on fighting piracy and said merchant shipping was likely to be hit by current oil price fluctuations.

Many of the world's naval forces, mostly from oil-consuming countries including China and the United States, have been working to protect shipping in the Indian Ocean and Gulf of Aden from gangs of Somali pirates. Read more.

Somali pirates hijacked 10 ships [By OL: AKE corrected the amount to 8 ships via Twitter comment Apr 6] in March, the most since December 2010, and may attack larger merchant vessels this month, AKE Intelligence said, reports Bloomberg.

Four of the seized craft were used to make more attacks, rather than being held for ransom, Rory Lamrock, piracy analyst at the Hereford, England-based security and risk-assessment company, said in an emailed report today.

“Pirate syndicates will be emboldened by the latest hijackings, spurring them on to conduct more attacks over the coming weeks,” Lamrock said. “Weather conditions are also forecast to be relatively calm in April, which will make it easier for pirates to launch skiffs and gain access to the deck of a targeted vessel.” Read more.

MALACAÑANG reassured kin of some 61 Filipino seafarers held hostage by Somali pirates that the government is exerting best efforts to ensure their safe release - Journal.com.

Deputy presidential spokesperson Abigail Valte, however, said such efforts are “limited.”

Valte said the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) could only coordinate with the employers, who are dealing with the pirates.

Last March 26, the DFA confirmed 10 Filipino sailors were among 23 crew members of a ship seized by Somali pirates near the Gulf of Aden on March 26.

DFA spokesman Raul Hernandez said the MV Eglantine, a Cypriot-flagged, Iranian-owned vessel, was hijacked off the southwestern coast of India [Since rescued by Iranian naval commandos].

Valte said the DFA is also there to assist the seafarers once they are released, whether they wish to be deployed abroad again or just settle in the Philippines.

Negotiations to secure the release of six Sri Lankan fishermen who are in the custody of Somali pirates is continuing through third party mediation, the Fisheries Ministry said, according to The Sunday Leader.

A spokesman at the Ministry said that six Sri Lankan fishermen are still in the custody of the pirates and there has not been any breakthrough yet.

Earlier this year the government had sought the assistance of the ICRC to secure the release of the six Lankan fishermen. Fisheries Minister Dr. Rajitha Senaratne had said that the Sri Lankan Ambassador in Kenya had been directed to contact the local ICRC representative for this purpose.

The six fishermen had left the island last September from the Negombo lagoon and news of their capture was only received on January 4. Somali pirates have threatened to kill the Sri Lankan fishermen unless a ransom of US$ 6 million is paid. Read more.

Somali pirates are threatening to kill South Korean and Indian sailors if those nations do not free pirates they have captured and intend to try in court. Both countries, which have used their navies to attack pirates, refuse to directly deal with kidnappers. A new video showing captured South Korean sailors is re-focusing attention on the hostages - Voice of America.

Pirates who seized a Singaporean-flagged vessel and its crew nearly a year ago say they will not release four South Koreans until their demands are met.

A video broadcast by the independent Somali Channel shows the ship's master, chief engineer, chief mate and second mate being held at gunpoint on land. They explain that their captors demand millions of dollars in compensation for the families of pirates who were killed last year by South Korea's navy.

Speaking on the video, one of those kidnapped, Lee Sang-ho, said there are other demands, as well. Read more.

It is very easy for governments to suggest that nobody should ever contemplate the payment of ransoms to hostage takers of any kind, with pirates clearly falling into this category. They say that it plays into the pirates’ hands and on the ancient principle of “Danegeld” – the money used by British kings 1,000 years ago to dissuade the Viking raiders from their attacks – they will just come back for more - BIMCO.

In principle, such an attitude might be understandable, but statements of theoretical policy are always easier than practical action when the hostage-takers strike. And while governments might disapprove, it can reasonably be argued that those whose employees or indeed loved ones have been captured by ruthless pirates have an inescapable moral duty to take every course they can to get them back. In the case of seafarers, their employers are also responsible in law for their welfare and it would be reprehensible in every sense of the word if some sort of legal prohibitions prevented them for paying ransoms to the pirates.

It might be repugnant to see these violent criminals and those directing them happily collecting these payments, but there is no practical alternative if we wish to see shipping continue to transit these pirate-infested waters. Last month, BIMCO Secretary-General Torben Skaanild spelt out the reality of the situation, suggesting that as long as governments were unprepared to deal with the internal situation in this failed state, ship owners were forced to do what they could to prevent successful attacks and if ships were taken, to pay ransoms to recover them and their crews.

So it is dispiriting to see politicians continuing to nag away at this issue of ransom payment in a sort of corrosive undermining of the practical reality in which BIMCO and its industry partners must operate. If there was a political will to tackle the problem of piracy, which could well spread to other parts of the world from the Indian Ocean, Gulf of Aden and West Africa, it would be more encouraging. And while the industry is thankful that a reasonable number of nations continue to station warships to tackle Somali piracy, if there was any real signs of a determination to tackle the root causes ashore it would be seen as a step in the right direction. Read more.

Yemeni tribesmen have released three Filipino sailors kidnapped more than two weeks ago east of Sanaa, a security official said on Wednesday - The Daily Star (Lebanon).

"The three Filipinos have been released, thanks to a tribal mediation, and without answering the demands of the kidnappers," said the official requesting anonymity.

The kidnappers had demanded the release of one of their own from jail.

"They are on their way to Sanaa, under protection, and will be handed over to the embassy of their country," said the official.

The three were kidnapped on March 20 in the central province of Marib as they travelled to the far-eastern Mahrah province from which they were to embark on their ship.

The kidnappers belong to the Bani Jabr tribe and are demanding the release of a relative, who is in prison in Sanaa for a "serious criminal offence," according to a then interior ministry statement. Read more.

The campaign is using the country’s celebration of its seafarers to remind Indians of the continuing threat faced by its 120,000 seafarers and their families - Marine Insight.

Alastair Evitt, chairman of SOS SaveOurSeafarers, says:

“Despite the international community’s strenuous efforts to combat piracy in the Gulf of Aden, the world’s seafarers continue to face the fear and anguish of attack in the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, while going about their job of keeping world trade moving through this area.

“India has the second largest seafaring population and the second largest nationality held by Somali pirates. Out of 256 seafarers currently hijacked, kidnapped and held on their vessels by Somali pirates, 65 are Indian. Moreover out of the 40 additional seafarers being held ashore, with no ship to be ransomed, at least 7 are Indian. Hostages suffer both physically and psychologically while being held prisoners for ransom, and their families also suffer huge anguish for their loved ones.”

Since the launch of the SOS campaign last March, we have played a significant role in increasing awareness and interest worldwide of the realities of Somali piracy. We have helped to persuade governments to show more determined political will in their actions over pirates held in custody and in their actions over disrupting pirate mother ships. Notwithstanding the robust actions of the Indian Navy in counter piracy operations there is still a long way to go to stop more Indian seafarers being captured and held hostage.

Of the 31,750 SOS letters sent from the SOS website to governments worldwide, 11,000 letters have been sent to India’s government. We encourage every person in India to support their seafarers and their families on National Maritime Day and also those worldwide who want to show support for the seafaring community. Add your voice to our growing campaign via our website, participate in the discussions on the SOS Twitter and Facebook pages, to encourage further action to combat piracy and protect the lives of innocent seafarers.

The South African Air Force (SAAF) is hopeful that the pilots of its Gripen fighters will be granted significantly more flying hours during the financial year, which started on April 1 - Engineering News SA.

SAAF director: force preparation Major-General Tsoku Khumalo indicated that the target was for 180 flying hours yearly, starting from 2012/13.

Speaking to South African journalists at Sweden's Ronneby Air Force Base (AFB) on Tuesday, he said the increase in flying hours was needed to maintain "currency in piloting your aircraft".

"You can't sacrifice the hours you need to maintain currency."

"It's our job to protect our sovereignty. We've got the capability, we've got the equipment and we've got the people," he affirmed, adding that a key target would be to deal with the Somali piracy threat off Africa’s east coast. Read more.

Navy unmanned aircraft will be able to distinguish small pirate boats from other vessels when an Office of Naval Research (ONR)-funded sensor starts airborne tests this summer, officials said April 5 - ScienceBlog.com.

Called the Multi-Mode Sensor Seeker (MMSS), the sensor is a mix of high-definition cameras, mid-wave infrared sensors and laser-radar (LADAR) technology. It will be placed on a robotic helicopter called Fire Scout. Carrying advanced automatic target recognition software, the sensor prototype will allow Fire Scout to autonomously identify small boats on the water, reducing the workload of Sailors operating it from control stations aboard Navy ships.

“Sailors who control robotic systems can become overloaded with data, often sifting through hours of streaming video searching for a single ship,” said Ken Heeke, program officer in ONR’s Naval Air Warfare and Weapons Department. “The automatic target recognition software gives Fire Scout the ability to distinguish target boats in congested coastal waters using LADAR, and it sends that information to human operators, who can then analyze those vessels in a 3-D picture.”

Navy-developed target recognition algorithms aboard Fire Scout will exploit the 3-D data collected by the LADAR, utilizing a long-range, high-res, eye-safe laser. The software compares the 3-D imagery to vessel templates or schematics stored in the system’s memory.

“The 3-D data gives you a leg up on target identification,” said Dean Cook, principal investigator for the MMSS program at Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWD). “Infrared and visible cameras produce 2-D pictures, and objects in them can be difficult to automatically identify. With LADAR data, each pixel corresponds to a 3-D point in space, so the automatic target recognition algorithm can calculate the dimensions of an object and compare them to those in a database.”

The algorithms have been successfully tested in shore-based systems against vessels at sea. The software is being integrated into a BRITE Star II turret by a team from NAWCWD, Raytheon, FLIR Systems, BAE Systems and Utah State University for airborne testing aboard a manned test helicopter. The flight assessment will be conducted against groups of approximately seven small boats in a military sea range off the California coast later this summer. See more about the Office of Naval Research HERE.

Hijacks:

Gulf of Oman - Panama-flagged, China-owned general cargo ship, Xiang Hua Men, came under attack at 0505 UTC in position 25:28N - 057:32E, approximately 15nm SW from Ras e Jask, Iran. Pirates were reported to have boarded the vessel and the crew sadi to be in the citadel. However, vessel has been confirmed as hijacked. Reported 6 Apr. Reports later received of the vessel being rescued by the Iranian navy that same evening.

Unsuccessful Attacks/Robberies (All regions):

Malacca Strait - Three armed robbers boarded an anchored Singapore-flagged chemical tanker, Diamond Orchid, at 2015 in position 01:42.2N - 103:27.5E, Dumai Inner Anchorage, Indonesia. The robbers threatened the duty crew with a knife, stole his handheld radio and escaped. Incident reported to the agent and port control. Reported 2 Apr.
South China Sea - Duty crew onboard an anchored chemical tanker, AS Ophelia, spotted two robbers armed with long knives at 0230 LT, Dumai Anchorage, Indonesia.Duty officer was immediately informed who then raised the alarm and sounded ships whistle. Seeing crew alerted, the robbers escaped. Port control contacted but no response. Reported (via IMB) 3 Apr.
Malacca Strait - Armed robber boarded an anchored Singapore-flagged chemical tanker, Diamond Orchid, at 0423 LT in position 01:42.2N - 101:27.52E, Dumai Inner Anchorage, Indonesia. The duty crew spotted the robber onboard the vessel and raised the alarm to alert all crew. The robber escaped immediately on hearing the alarm. Reported 3 Apr.
Gulf of Guinea - Ten robbers in a boat came alongside and attempted to board an anchored Hong Kong-flagged product tanker, Atlantic Olive, at 0230 UTC Lome Anchorage, Togo. Alert duty officer raised alarm and informed Togo navy and directed the search light towards the boat resulting in the boat moving towards another vessel in the anchorage. Later another boat with six robbers approached the tanker at high speed. Alarm raised and crew alerted. Seeing crew alertness and the razor wire rigged the robbers moved away. The Master heaved up anchor and proceeded to a safe distance. Reported (via IMB) 4 Apr.
South China Sea - Four robbers armed with long knives boarded a Singapore-flagged chemical tanker at anchor chemical tanker, Genuine Galaxy, at 0320 LT, 1.4 NM Off Tanker Berth L, Dumai Inner Anchorage, Indonesia. Robbers were spotted by the crew and alarm was raised. On seeing the crew alertness, the robbers escaped empty handed. Nothing stolen. Reported 4 Apr.
Arabian Sea - About 4-6 pirates armed with automatic rifles in a skiff chased and fired upon a Bahamas-flagged bulk carrier, African Sanderling, came under attack at 1706 UTC in position 21:38N - 059:59E, approximately 50nm SSE from Ras Al Hadd, Oman. Master raised alarm, activated distress alert, took evasive manoeuvres and all non essential crew mustered in the citadel. The onboard armed security team returned fire resulting in the pirates aborting the attack and moving away. Reported 4 Apr.
South China Sea - Four robbers armed with long knives boarded an anchored Singapore-flagged chemical tanker, Genuine Galaxy, at 0320 LT Dumai Inner Anchorage, Indonesia. Alert crew noticed the robbers and raised the alarm resulting in the robbers escaping emptyhanded. Reported (via IMB) 6 Apr.
Malacca Strait - Five robbers in a small boat attempted to board an anchored Isle of Man (UK) chemical tanker, Erin Shulte, at 1945 UTC in posn 01:42.2N - 101:27.50E, Dumai Inner anchorage. The robbers had to abort their approach after alert duty watchmen noticed them. Reported 6 Apr.

EUNAVFOR figures state 8 vessels and an estimated 236 hostages held captive (Updated 28 Mar). Somalia Report indicates 304 hostages held from 24 captured vessels with a further 25 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 329 hostages. UKMTO states 11 vessels and 233 hostages held.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity (Click on Map for Larger View)

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UPDATED:Piracy & Robbery Incidents - March 2012

Sun, 08 Apr 2012 11:23:52 UTC

UPDATED: 17 April 2012

High Risk Areas Piracy Incident Maps - March 2012

OCEANUSLive provides graphic illustrations of pirate activity throughout the month of March.

Piracy and robbery at sea incidents throughout March 2012 show an increase in hijacks by Somali pirates as the weather becomes more conducive to small boat operations which is expected to remain the case into the majority of the month of May. Eight hijacks occurred in the Horn of Africa/Indian Ocean HRA, whilst the risk of more violent piracy off the coast of West Africa has also increased, the amount of attacks were actually lower than in February. A similar result is seen in Southeast Asia.

March 2012 saw 42 incidents occur. One incident in the North Atlantic Ocean off Port Au Prince anchorage, Haiti - Denmark-flagged product tanker, Northern Princess is not shown.

(Click on maps for enlarged view)

Horn of Africa/Indian Ocean:

1 Mar - MV BSLE Star; St Vincent & Grenadines-flagged, Italian-owned - Arabian Sea
2 Mar - MV Royal Grace; Panama-flagged chemical tanker. First reported attacked position- Arabian Sea (See 5);
2 Mar - Ghazal Howlf; Yemen-flagged dhow - Gulf of Aden; HIJACKED;
4 Mar - MSC Oslo; Panama-flagged, Hong Kong-owned container ship - Arabian Sea;
4 Mar - MV Royal Grace; Panama-flagged UAE-owned chemical tanker; owner confirmed vessel HIJACKED;
6 Mar - MV Advance Victoria; Bahamas-flagged tanker - Gulf of Aden;
6 Mar - Al Sharqia; Dhow - Gulf of Aden; HIJACKED, Released (Mechanical failure);
10 Mar - MV Hatef; Cyprus-flagged, Iran-owned tanker - Red Sea;
10 Mar - Ramban; India-flagged dhow - Gulf of Aden; HIJACKED, Freed by CP Forces;
11 Mar - MV Estelle Maersk; Denmark-flagged container ship - Arabian Sea;
17 Mar - MV Trans Catalonia; Singapore-flagged chemical tanker - Gulf of Aden - Pirates Disrupted;
17 Mar - Unknown MV; - Somali Basin;
19 Mar - MSC Anafi; Liberia-flagged container ship - Somali Basin; Vessel previously attacked 4 Apr 2010;
23 Mar - MV Andinet; Ethiopia-flagged geneeral cargo ship - Arabian Sea;
24 Mar - MV Cosmic Jewel; Liberia-flagged tanker-Arabian Sea;
25 Mar - MV Blue Diamond - Liberia-flagged bulk carrier - Arabian Sea - Pirates Disrupted;
26 Mar - MV Eglantine; Bolivia-flagged, Iran-owned bulk carrier - Indian Ocean; HIJACKED, Freed by Iranian Navy;
26 Mar - Alex Challenger; Panama-flagged research vessel - Arabian Sea;
26 Mar - Unnamed dhow - Gulf of Aden; HIJACKED;
26 Mar - Naham 3; Oman-flagged fishing vessel - Somali Basin; HIJACKED;
26 Mar - LR2 Polaris; Hong Kong-flagged tanker - Indian Ocean;
27 Mar - Unnamed Fishing Vessel; Indian Ocean; HIJACKED;
29 Mar - Name Withheld; Denmark-flagged chemical tanker - Mozambique anchorage (Robbery).

22 Mar - MV Ginga Tiger; Panama-flagged chemical tanker - Gulf of Aden (Robbery - NOT SHOWN)

West Africa:

4 Mar - Geo Endeavour; Panama-flagged Offshore supply ship - Takoradi Outer Anchorage, Ghana;
7 Mar - SP Atlanta; Marshall Islands chemical tanker - Port Harcourt, Nigeria;
14 Mar - Season Trader; Philippines-flagged refrigerated cargo carrier - Boma anchorage, Democratic Rep. of Congo;
17 Mar - Maersk Harmony; Singapore-flagged LPG tanker - Abidjan anchorage, Cote D'Ivoire;
22 Mar - Pluto; Unknown flag - Bonny Island, Nigeria;
22 Mar - Zouzou; Liberia-flagged tanker - Bonny Island, Nigeria,

Note: Region suffers from under-reporting.

Southeast Asia:

3 Mar - Ten Yoshi Maru; Panama-flagged bulk carrier - Kakinada anchorage, India;
8 Mar - Mare Italicum; Italy-flagged Crude oil tanker - Dumai Inner ancorage, Indonesia, Malacca Strait;
11 Mar - Ocean Amazing; Singapore-flagged bulk carrier - Tanjung Priok Outer anchorage, Indonesia;
18 Mar - INA Lotte; Liberia-flagged bulk carrier - Balikpapan Inner anchorage, Indonesia.

5 Mar - Puffin Bulker; bulk carrier - Toboneo anchorage, Borneo (Robbery - NOT SHOWN);

14 Mar - Germans; Antigua & Barbuda-flagged container ship - Chittagong anchorage, Bangladesh (Robbery - NOT SHOWN);

15 Mar - Tinus; Liberia-flagged - Chittagong anchorage, Bangladesh (Robbery - NOT SHOWN);

20 Mar - Maple Express; Hong Kong-flagged tanker - Chittagong anchorage, Bangladesh (Robbery - NOT SHOWN);

22 Mar - Andakini; Comoros-flagged tanker - Chittagong anchorage, Bangladesh (Robbery - NOT SHOWN);

25 Mar - Unnamed product tanker; - Pedra Branca, Malaysia (Robbery - NOT SHOWN);

25 Mar - Unique Armony; Hong Kong-flagged chemical tanker - Lubuk Gaung, Dumai anchorage, Indonesia (Robbery - NOT SHOWN).

Sources: IMB Piracy Reporting Centre; NATO Shipping Centre; IMO; EUNAVFOR; Somalia Report and gCaptain.

The locations are representational and are not to be used as an accurate reference for any other purpose. No guarantee is given for the accuracy of any report.

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Freed Crew Recall Moments of Pirate Incident

Sun, 08 Apr 2012 08:53:50 UTC

Crew of Freed Chinese Freighter Recall Hijack By Pirates

Source: Ching.org.cn

"It is the most scary moment in my life when the Iranian navy was exchanging fire with the Somali pirates," Meng Qingchang, the second mate of the rescued freighter Xianghuamen, told Xinhua on Saturday.

Hijacked/Released Xianghuamen - MarineTraffic.com

The Panama-registered cargo ship, belonging to Nanjing Ocean Shipping Company in eastern China, was hijacked on Friday morning, at about 8:40 a.m. local time (0410 GMT), by nine Somali pirates in the Sea of Oman near Iran's southern port of Chabahar.

Later on the day, concerted efforts of the Chinese and Iranian governments led to the successful rescue of all 28 Chinese crew members.

A five-member delegation from the Chinese embassy in Tehran, headed by Chinese ambassador Yu Hongyang, got aboard the cargo ship off Iran's southern port city of Bandar Abbas on Saturday afternoon to visit the rescued crew.

The crew members told Xinhua reporters travelling with the Chinese diplomats their heartquake moments when being held hostage by the pirates.

"We were extremely frightened and 27 of us were hiding in the controlling cabin when the pirates began to break open the doors," said Xu Hongbing, the chief motorman on board.

"Finally, the pirates tried to break the last of the four doors of the controlling cabin after the first three doors were broken," he said.

In order to ensure safety and not to anger the pirates, the crew opened the last door of the controlling cabin and were seized.

After identifying the captain He Feng and forcing him to provide the crewmen list, the pirates found one crew member was missing.

The pirates wielding axes coerced Meng into locating the missing 28th crew member, Zhang Yong, who was found in the incinerator.

Later the pirates ordered the crew members to sail the ship for the sea off Somalia when one Iranian naval warship requested several times the cargo ship to stop.

The pirates ignored the requests, keeping sailing the vessel and asking Meng to reply to the Iranian warship that the crew members of Xianghuamen were hijacked and safe.

"If the Iranian warship continues to order the freighter to stop, the safety of the crew members will be under threat," Meng said, citing the pirates.

Pointing guns at the crewmen and urging the Iranian warship to stay 20 miles away from Xianghuamen by threatening otherwise they would punish the seized crew members, the pirates required Meng to tell the Iranian warship that there were 22 pirates instead of nine actually.

The Iranian warship ignored the warning and continued to follow the cargo ship.

After capturing the communication signals between Xianghuamen and the Iranian warship, another cargo ship nearby asked Meng to report in Chinese the exact number of pirates on board. The English-speaking pirates could not understand Chinese.

"In this way we finally sent related information that helped the later rescue operations successfully to the outside world," said Li Shengming, the chief engineer.

At around 5:00 p.m. (1230 GMT) the Iranian warship exchanged fire with the pirates. Five crew members shut down the engine system of the vessel and jumped into the sea.

The angry pirates demanded the remaining crew members to restart the engine system but they failed, because only three of the five crew members who jumped into the sea knew how to restore the engine system.

After being beaten by the pirates for inability to restart the engine system, captain He also jumped into the sea.

As the vessel could not sail forward, the nine Somali pirates got nervous under Iranian warship's firing. They finally threw their weapons into the sea and surrendered to the Iranian navy.

Li Guwen, the only crew member injured in the exchange of fire, said a stray bullet fired by Somali pirates grazed his head.

"I was scared by the sound of firing, and I even didn't know that I was hurt until my colleges saw my bleeding head," he said.

The six crew members who jumped into the sea were later rescued by the Iranian naval warship. They spent one night in the warship before being sent back to Xianghuamen cargo ship.

"They (Iranian navy) treated us well, providing us with clean and dry clothes. We were served the same food as they had," Li Chaoqun, one of the crew members who jumped into the sea, told Xinhua.

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Iran Navy Rescues Chinese Cargo Ship

Sat, 07 Apr 2012 21:41:12 UTC

Iranian Navy Rescues Chinese Cargo Ship At China's Request

Sources: AFP/IMB/SomaliaReport

BEIJING: The Iranian navy has freed 28 Chinese crew members less than a day after their cargo ship was hijacked by Somali pirates off the Islamic Republic’s south coast, Chinese state media said Saturday.

Hijacked/Released Xiang Hua Men - MarineTraffic.com

The pirates attacked the ship, Panama-flagged Xianghuamen, early Friday in the Gulf of Oman near the Iranian port of Chabahar, clambering onto the vessel with ladders and opening fire, said the official Xinhua news agency, citing China’s embassy in Tehran. It was the latest episode of Chinese getting into trouble as the country’s firms do more business abroad — Chinese workers were kidnapped in Sudan and Egypt earlier this year, and Chinese sailors have been held captive before.

Following the hijacking Friday, China’s ambassador in Tehran, Yu Hongyang, demanded swift action from Iran, which dispatched its navy to rescue the crew. Two warships caught up late Friday with the ship, the Panama-registered Xianghuamen which belongs to a company in eastern China, and the pirates “threw their weapons into the sea and surrendered to the Iranian navy,” Xinhua said.

The ambassador had earlier urged Tehran to make the safety of the crew its “first priority”, adding that the Chinese government and foreign ministry had expressed concern about the incident. The freighter, which had set off from Singapore and was heading to a port in southwestern Iran, had its engine damaged in the attack and was being repaired, Xinhua said. It will continue to an Iranian port after repairs.

The waters of the Arabian Sea, at the northern tip of the Indian Ocean, have seen hundreds of pirate attacks in recent years, with Chinese shipping vessels routinely targeted. China has also been heavily involved in anti-piracy missions in the Gulf of Aden, off the coast of Somalia, and in international waters near the Gulf of Oman.

About 85 percent of China’s oil imports are routed via the Gulf of Aden and through the Indian Ocean, making the region extremely important for Chinese trade. Since 2008, China has sent 10 escort missions and more than 8,000 military personnel to the Gulf of Aden, escorting more than 4,300 vessels in the process, state-run China Daily said last year.

The piracy watchdog, the International Maritime Bureau (IMB), stated that the Master of the Xianghuamen raised the alarm, activated the alert and the crew were mustered in the citadel. The pirates managed to take hostage the crewmembers and successfully hijacked the ship.

An Iranian warship responded to the alert and proceeded towards the vessel.

The Master contacted the Iranian warship via VHF radio, and requested the navy not to approach their ship due to the high risk to the crew and the death threats received from the pirates. The warship moved closer to the ship resulting in an exchange of gunfire between the pirates and the navy. The navy managed to board the ship, detaining nine pirates and saving all 28 crewmembers.

A later report by Xinhua news agency stated that one of the 28 rescued crew members of the Chinese cargo ship had been injured by a bullet shell rebounding off a wall after being fired by Somali pirates. Somalia Report, a website which reports on news specific to Somalia, confirmed that Garaad, a well-known pirate based out of Puntland was one of the nine pirates arrested. Somalia Report spoke with Garaad's cousin this morning [April 7], who stated that Garaad was one of the nine pirates arrested. Garaad was responsible for MV Blida hijack, which was subsequently released for $3.5 million.

The rescue by the Iranian naval forces is the second to occur in 4 days following the operation to release the Bolivia-flagged, Iran-owned Eglantine on April 2, hijacked in Maldivian waters March 26.

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Weekly Piracy Report

Fri, 30 Mar 2012 10:02:30 UTC

24 - 30 March 2012

Hard-hitting Week: Seafarers hit hard as four vessels hijacked in two days, including the first hijack in Maldivian waters. EU forces disrupt two pirate groups whilst Iran Navy claims shoot out with pirates. Somaliland law changes sees pirates taken into custody, easing the Seychelles burden, and a US court hands down a life sentence to a yacht pirate. Nigeria and Benin declared high risk as kidnapped crewmembers are released. Pakistani negotiator claims to have agreed terms for crew release. Focus back on maritime security firms; BIMCO announces publication of GUARDCON. Hard work still required to combat piracy; China maintains naval presence off Somalia as Russia looks to increase cooperation with NATO. Not paying ransoms will adversely affect seafarers. Indian seafarers and families seek government action. Indian and Filipino seafarers held hostage increases once more. South African couple are 'alive'. Bahamas joins the Washington declaration. USCG journal 'Proceedings' on Combating Piracy. Salvors praised by former IMO Secretary General.

East Africa

MV Eglantine, an Iranian-owned bulk carrier with 23 crew members on board, has been reported hijacked - Somalia Report.

The Eglantine, previously named the Bluebell and the Iran Gilan, is owned by Darya Hafiz Shipping and is a 63k DWT Bolivian-flagged [stated as Cyprus-flagged in some reports] bulk carrier.

The Maldives says it has abandoned an attempt to rescue a Bolivian-flagged cargo ship hijacked by pirates because it has drifted away from its territorial waters - Hindustan Times.

The National Defense Force says the vessel identified as MV Eglantine was hijacked in the Indian Ocean waters off the Maldives on Monday. A coast guard vessel began tracking the vessel.

Defense Force spokesman Lt. Abdulla Ali said Wednesday they abandoned the operation Tuesday evening after the ship left Maldivian waters.

Image - via Vesseltracker.com

This is the moment a brave attempt to save British hostage Judith Tebbutt from the clutches of her Somali kidnappers failed, reports Mail Online.

Mrs Tebbutt, 56, was being transferred between boats by the pirates who had snatched her from a luxury Kenyan beach resort and murdered her husband.

Kenyan pilots who had responded to an SOS call spent hours tracking the small boat through the Indian Ocean.

They tried to scare her captors into dropping her into the sea as she was switched to the bigger vessel.

Image - Mail Online

It is feared that a Taiwanese fishing vessel has been hijacked in position 10:00S - 050:00E, in the Indian Ocean, writes Somalia Report

Maritime officials in Mombasa and Seychelles said that the fishing vessel lost contact with her operator on Tuesday afternoon.

The last known postion was some 65nm south of southern Seychelles. The vessel was said to have last been seen sailing towards the Somali coast.
The NATO Shipping Centre then reported that an FV was hijacked in the vicinity of position 03:00N - 055:00E, and was taken to the Somali coast 26 Mar. It is believed that this hijack is the one referred to above by Somalia Report. The FV last seen in vicinity of 05:31N - 048:41E. PAG may be operating in the area. Reported (via NSC) 27 Mar.
The International Maritime Bureau later issued a piracy alert that an Oman-flagged fishing vessel, Naham 3, had been reported hijacked and 15 crew members taken as hostages in position 06:18.50N – 050:13.04E: around 115nm NE of Hobyo, Somalia; its last known position was near the coast of Somalia. Further reporting awaited. IMB initial report was 26 Mar.
The hijacks are a series of four successfully carried out by pirates in the high risk area of the Horn of Africa and Indian Ocean. See 'Piracy Incidents' below.

EU Naval Force Flagship ESPS Patino located a Yemeni registered dhow that was suspected of being involved in acts of piracy off the Somali coast. Read more.

EU Counter Piracy Naval Forces have tracked down and stopped a group of suspected pirates who were believed to have tried to attack a Hong-Kong flagged tanker approximately 400 nautical miles off the coast of Somalia - OCEANUSLive.

EU Naval Force warship FS Aconit was called to investigate after the tanker came under attack on March 26. Aconit was directed onto the fleeing pirates by a Luxembourgish Maritime Patrol and Reconnaissance Aircraft (MPRA), which have recently completed 3500 Flights Hours with EUNAVFOR.

The MPRA quickly located the suspects who were towing a small skiff behind a larger sea going whaler. The MPRA provided imagery showing pirate paraphernalia. Read more.

The Iranian Navy got involved in a shootout with Somali pirates in the Gulf of Aden, Fars reported - Trend Az.

The Navy managed to save a merchant ship from the pirates, who fled after the shootout. No casualties were reported.

On Feb. 26 Iranian fleet of warships thwarted a pirate attack on Iranian oil tanker North of a strait connecting the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden.

The Oil tanker came under attack by 6 Somali pirate speedboats 35 miles North of the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait. The Iranian naval forces and commandos' swift action forced the pirates to flee the scene. Read more.

Two Somali fishermen were killed after unknown international Naval forces opened fire at a Yemeni registered fishing vessel with nine Somali crew members, writes Somalia Report.

Accroding to Puntland officials, the Naval forces mistook the fishing vessel for that of pirates. They also confirmed that Al-Qanim had arrived at Bosaso port on Friday with two dead crew members.

Local businessmen and reliable sources in Bosaso added that the fishing vessel was moving in the Gulf of aden at the time of the attack.

"The fishing vessel arrived at the Basaso port with two deceased cremembers. We spoke to the other crewmembbers and they told us that a naval foce had mistakenly attacked them. They were seized, detaind and interoggated before release," Libaan Dheere, a well known business in Bosaso told Somalia Report. Read more.

On Thursday 29th March Spanish warship ESPS Infanta Elena, operating as part of the European counter piracy force (EUNAVFOR), came to the aid of a Somali fishing vessel, adrift off the coast of Mogadishu, reports AllAfrica.

Infanta Elena was patrolling the waters off the coast of Somalia as part of its mission to deter piracy and protect vulnerable shipping when the crew noticed a Somali whaler adrift.

After obtaining permission to send a team aboard the vessel the EU forces ascertained that the fisherman had suffered an engine failure and some of the crew were in need to medical assistance.

Engineers from the EUNAVFOR ship were able to quickly fix the mechanical problem with the engine, allowing the ship to sail back to shore. Whilst repairs were underway the ships doctors also provided medical assistance to two injured Somalis and gave the whaler's crew food and water.

This encounter once again shows the utility and versatility of the EUNAVFOR mission which not only counters piracy but is committed to assisting the Somali people and promoting the growth of law abiding activities in Somali waters.

West Africa

The hijacking of a combined chemical and oil tanker off Benin last week has raised concerns that Somali tactics are being copied off West Africa, comments Intermanager.

Some items were taken from the Liberia-flagged Zouzou but no crew members were harmed in the attack and the robbers left the vessel. However, this is one of the first reported incidents of pirates in the Gulf of Guinea using a mothership and skiffs, according to Gary Li, head of marine and aviation at London intelligence company Exclusive Analysis.

“I have heard of only two reports which have been similar but this is the clearest indication that pirates in this area are mimicking Somali tactics and landing skiffs,” he said. “They hijacked the vessel and stole the cargo but did not take any crew members hostage as this is not really a trend in the Gulf of Guinea.”

The 2010-built, 50,651 dwt Zouzou sent a distress call after being attacked by pirates early yesterday [Mar 22]. A couple of minutes later it called mayday and reported that it was under attack by approximately 12 armed pirates.

Piracy in the region is not new. The London insurance market highlighted it as a risk last August and adjusted premiums accordingly. However, up to this point, pirate activity has been thought to be distinct from what has been common in the Gulf of Aden.

If pirates in the Gulf of Guinea continue to copy Somali tactics, this could force shipowners and governments to call for more security in the area. There is no international security effort in the Gulf of Guinea, which was named a high risk area by the International Bargaining Forum this week. Maritime security in the area is undertaken by regional navies but Mr Li said that they are “totally incapable of handling the situation”.

He added: “The UN pushed for action, but the problem is that in this instance it is not dealing with a failed state and there is no vacuum.

“The Gulf of Guinea straddles several coastlines and therefore a significant amount of co-operation between states is needed. Currently the effort is overly reliant on Nigeria, but it can’t possibly patrol an area that large.”

Matthew Lamb, deputy director of Control Risks Group, which operates in the region, said: “One of the major issues is the security forces of these countries. Mostly this would fall to navies that are under-funded, under-resourced and poorly trained.

“They would find it very difficult to respond to a ship’s distress call at all, let alone immediately, unless they happened to have a ship in the area. This is certainly a contributory factor in the amount of maritime crime that we see in the Gulf of Guinea.”

The Nigeria Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) has presented the Draft Piracy and other Unlawful Acts at Sea Bill to industry stakeholders in Lagos - The Nation Online.

The draft bill, which relies on the various treaties of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) ratified by Nigeria, is expected to provide a regulatory framework for defining piracy and criminality at sea, prosecuting and punishing criminals.

At the event, NIMASA Director-General Mr Ziakede Akpobolokemi, underscored the negative impact of piracy, saying that about $3 billion is lost yearly to sea robbery globally and that Nigeria is a major contributor.

The NIMASA boss, who was represented by the Executive Director, Cabotage Service and Labour, Mr Ibrahim Zilani, said: “In a bid to develop a robust legal framework for fighting these incidences on sea, an international conference on piracy was organised by NIMASA in collaboration with the Nigeria Navy.

“One of the resolutions at that conference was to strengthen existing legal framework. This bill is drawn not only from conventions of the IMO that Nigeria is a signatory to, but also provisions of other protocols yet to be conceded to, but important for curbing unlawful acts at sea.” Read more.

A record number of piracy attacks were reported in the Gulf of Guinea last year, according to the International Maritime Organization, making it one of the top 10 piracy hotspots in the world and prompting a push by insurers to label the region “high risk.” - US AFRICOM.

Those are distinctions countries in the area would like to see go away.

This week in Benin, member states of the Economic Community of West African States and the Economic Community of Central African States agreed to continue to work together to prevent piracy, smuggling and other security challenges affecting the region’s waterways and commercial trade. The two groups, plus experts and representatives from outside organizations, met for two days at the annual Maritime Safety and Security Seminar, hosted by U.S. Africa Command and the Africa Center for Strategic Studies. Read more.

(Photo by Staff Sgt. Olufemi Owolabi/U.S. Africa Command)

A Pakistani negotiator for a Malaysian-owned ship [MV Albedo] held by Somali pirates says he has reached agreement to free the crew in exchange for a ransom of almost $3 million - The Republic.

The pirates have been holding MV Albedo for more than a year.

Negotiator Ahmed Chenoy says they would free its 23 crew members after agreeing to a ransom payment of $2.85 million. Chenoy did not say who would provide the money. He said it will be delivered to the pirates by plane by April 20.

The Kenya-bound ship was hijacked in November 2010 in the Gulf of Aden. Its crew members come from Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Iran.

Chenoy is an official in Pakistan's Sindh province. He said Wednesday he reached out to the ship's hijackers through Dubai-based Somali merchants.

Three sailors kidnapped from a Dutch-owned cargo ship [Breiz Klipper] off Nigeria nearly a month ago have been released, Netherlands news agency ANP reported, citing shipowner Seatrade - Expatica.

The three men -- the captain and an officer [ Captain Viktor Pikus and Chief Engineer Vyacheslav Melnikov], both Russians, and a Filipino crew member -- had been "relatively well treated" and were "relatively well, given the circumstances," it quoted a Seatrade spokesman as saying.

The identity of the kidnappers was unknown, said the spokesman, who declined to say whether a ransom had been paid. The sailors were taken captive from the "Breiz Klipper" which was carrying a cargo of frozen fish.

The International Maritime Bureau (IMB) piracy watchdog in Kuala Lumpur reported on February 29 that pirates had attacked a Dutch-owned and Curacao-flagged vessel off Nigeria's Port Harcourt the previous day.

A band of eight armed pirates had robbed the 14 crew before fleeing with three hostages, according to the IMB, which said the ship's crew was made up of Russians, Ukrainians and Filipinos.

A Somali man has received a life sentence for his role in the hijacking of an American yacht - Washington Post.

A federal judge in Norfolk, Va., sentenced Said Abdi Fooley on Friday. He had pleaded guilty to piracy, which carries a mandatory life term.

U.S. District Judge Rebecca Beach Smith recommended the Bureau of Prisons consider Fooley’s language barrier when placing him so that he can further his education.

Fooley is among 11 men who pleaded guilty to piracy for hijacking the Quest off the coast of Africa in February 2011. The owners of the yacht, Jean and Scott Adam of Marina del Rey, Calif., and their friends Bob Riggle and Phyllis Macay of Seattle were fatally shot after negotiations with the U.S. Navy broke down.

Three other men face murder charges.

The Director General in Somaliland Ministry of Justice Mr. Muse Haji Galaydh has revealed Somaliland will allow prisoners currently imprisoned in the Seychelles in it soil and are scheduled to be transferred soon in an interview the horn cable tv - Somaliland Press. The Director General said that out of the 92 pirates currently held in Seychelles, Somaliland will allow the first patch consisting of 19 prisoners.

Whose origins are from Southern Somalia and Puntland are expected to arrive in the country soon.

Mr. Galaydh said after great consideration Somaliland has accepted to Jail the pirates on request of the international community and also at the prisoners request who asked to be jailed in a country where their relatives can come and visit them, a place where they can practice their religion freely and also where the people share a common language and the same customs we have decide to except on humanitarian grounds. Read more.

Ever since the piracy in the Gulf of Aden and off the Somalian coast has started, the Republic of Somaliland has pursued a vigorous and successful strategy of denying prospective or actual pirates any safe havens on its territory and has detained and prosecuted persons who are suspected of planning or executing acts of piracy - Somaliland Law. The small and poorly equipped Somaliland Coastal Force has, with increasing recent external help, improved its capacity to monitor Somaliland’s 530 mile coast. In order to implement its obligations under UN Convention on the Law of the Sea which has been ratified by former Somali Democratic Republic in 1989 and also the Djibouti Code of Conduct concerning the Repression of Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in the Western Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden, which Somaliland has signed, and to address the deficiencies of the current dated criminal laws (see below), Somaliland has recently adopted a new law on piracy. The Law for Combating Piracy Law (or the Piracy Law) - Law No. 52/2012 – has been passed by both Houses of Parliament and signed, on 21 March 2012, into law by the President of the Republic. Copies of the law are available HERE.

Somaliland authorities have taken into custody nine convicted privates from the Seychelles. The plane carrying the convict pirates touched down at the Egal International Airport at midday Wednesday and were immediately escorted to Hargeisa’s central prison which will be home to the pirates - Somaliland Press.

Mr Mohamed Osman coordinator with Somaliland anti-piracy task force was at the airport to receive the first batch of the 19 convicted pirates at the Egal international airport where they arrived on board chartered plane by the United Nation’s office on drug and crime.

The Somaliland Minister of Justice Hon Ahmed Hussein Aidiid revealed at a press conference that government of Somaliland has in custody nine convicted pirates the first batch of 19 pirates who are expected to serve the reminder of their sentences in Somaliland after been convicted by court in the Seychelles. The Minister of Justice was there to oversee the transfer according to Mr Mohamed Osman of the Somaliland anti-piracy task force, the nine convicted pirates are all from Somali, the convict are expected to serve sentences ranging from 10 years to 25 years. Read more.

A second batch of 8 pirate-convicts have arrived in to serve their sentences in local prisons, reports Somaliland Sun.

The 8 convicts who will join 9 of their colleagues at the Hargeisa Prison were handed-over to the ministry of Justice by officials from U.N. Office for Drugs and Crime-UNODC at the Egal International airport.

The 17 pirates are to serve their sentences in Somaliland following their unprompted request to the Seychelles government. All the 17 who are original from South Central Somalia complained of difficulties imposed by language, and religion thus making their imprisonment harder than necessary.

In their transfer request the pirate-convicts said that Somaliland will be the ideal country to serve their sentences as all prisoners and their guards speak Somali and adhere to Islam thus ease of fulfilling religious obligations, especially prayers which were taboo in the Seychelles prison.

Another reason cited was the proximity of Hargeisa to their home in South Somalia which will facilitate visits by family members who were unable to visit them in Seychelles. Read more.

The release of a UK hostage in Somalia has drawn attention to the British security firms which are increasingly dominating Somalia's lucrative anti-piracy industry - BBC News.

It was a family ransom which ultimately secured the release of Hertfordshire social worker Judith Tebbutt this week, but there have been media reports of negotiators who paved the way for the 56-year-old's safe return.

With the UK government saying it refuses to talk to kidnappers, the door has opened for private security firms to fill the void in this troubled African country.

The Times reported that specialist lawyers at one such company, Control Risks, spent months thrashing out the deal - but the firm will not confirm or deny helping free the mother.

Andy Bearpark, director of the British Association of Private Security Companies, says negotiators are making "enormous" amounts of money, but carry a heavy burden.

10 Kenyans, among them six police officers, who were detained in the Comoros for more than a month, have arrived in Mombasa - Saturday nation.

The group, which arrived at about 7pm on Thursday [March 22] on MV Squirrel, seven days after a Comoros court dropped charges, declined to divulge details of its ordeal in detention.

The six police officers, Mr Ruben Ngetich, Mr Kimathi Mukinda, Mr Boniface Kithuku, Mr Evans Ndigwa, Mr James Muisya and Mr James Ndirangu, had been charged with being in the Comoros illegally and possessing firearms while the seamen faced charges of trespass and violation of customs laws.

The Kenyans were arrested on the Indian Ocean island on February 19 aboard the vessel that was ferrying oil exploration equipment.

A seaman, who briefly talked to Saturday Nation on condition of anonymity, said they had been ordered by the police and their employer not to divulge any details. Read more.

BIMCO, an international shipping association that shipowners controlling approximately 65 percent of the world’s tonnage, announced today the publication of its highly anticipated GUARDCON, a standard contract for the employment of security guards on vessels - gCaptain.

The new contract has been developed following the industries unfortunate need to provide ship owners and private maritime security companies (PMSC) with a clearly worded and comprehensive standard contract that governs the employment and use of security guards, with or without firearms, on board merchant vessels.

“In response to ship owners’ increasing demand for security services, an ever growing number of private maritime security companies have entered the market to meet that demand,” said BIMCO’s Chief Legal Officer, Grant Hunter.

While BIMCO recognizes that it would not like to see the use of armed security guards on ships become institutionalized, it does recognize that while the industry awaits a more permanent long term solution, armed guards on ships are an effective, and arguably the best, deterrent for vessel hijackings and attacks. Read more.

Sample copy and explanatory notes available HERE.

While family members of a South African couple held hostage by Somali pirates since 16 months ago were asking the world community for a rescue operation, an EU naval commander said Monday such a move "would be too risky." - CRI English

Fearing the risk of mass casualties, an international counter-piracy force operating off the coast of Somalia has ruled out the possibility of carrying out an armed raid to free 220 seafarers held hostage there, including the South African couple, Bruno Pelizzari and Debbie Calitz.

"The main concern is not to put lives at risk. A recovery operation is highly risky," said Rear Admiral Jorge Manso, the Force Commander of the European Union Naval Taskforce (EUNAVFOR), which has been battling piracy there since 2008.

Bruno Pelizzari and Debbie Calitz were probably the longest-held hostages since they were captured by pirates together with their yacht in the Madagascar/Mozambican channel some 16 months ago.

Last week, the EU confirmed its intention to extend the mandate of the counter-piracy mission, code-named Operation Atlanta, until December 2014.

The decision effectively included an extension of the area of operation to include Somali coastal territory and internal waters. Read more.

Pirate attacks are a little less frequent than last year, but the European Union has no intention of easing the pressure on Somali outlaws who prowl the Horn of Africa coast and the Indian Ocean - The National.

On Friday, the EU agreed to expand its mission against Somali pirates to include attacks on land targets. The 10 EU warships operating off the Horn are now authorised to strike moored vessels and fuel dumps in "coastal territory and internal waters".

As a tactic to fight piracy, the EU's extension of Operation Atalanta makes a degree of sense. Pirate bases on land will, initially at least, offer little resistance to the EU forces, which will likely be helicopter-borne. The pirates' small boats are no match for the EU's heavily equipped warships; certainly, pirate groups can expect heavy material losses and many casualties.

However, this mission creep will be risky for the Europeans. Attacks without a follow-up plan, as many interventions in the Middle East and Africa have shown in the past, ultimately fail because they leave behind further instability. The pirates, like the Shabaab militia (and the line between the two is now blurred), will be almost impossible to eradicate in the absence of a political solution that helps to build a stable government in the coastal area, and in all of Somalia.

Statistics that have been collected suggest that pirates in Somalia make more money, and have higher life expectancy, than the country's farmers. Pirates claimed $160 million (Dh588 million) in ransoms in 2011. In impoverished, insecure Somalia, turning to piracy could be seen as a rational decision.

Further, any EU military successes will be overshadowed by a downed helicopter or a demolished house full of children. Afghanistan and Iraq demonstrate how quickly such missions become military, and public relations, disasters.

The only real solution for piracy requires civil institutions to suppress crime and create legitimate opportunities. That is of course easier said than done, but by working with the country's transitional government, the EU and others can help build those institutions, starting with a well-run army and police forces.

The EU mission faces a long haul to protect shipping in the area, including World Food Programme ships that deliver aid to displaced Somalis. But widening hostilities could hurt those efforts more than help them.

Politicians in India are pressuring their government to intervene on behalf of crewmen of the hijacked MT Royal Grace - The National.

The Dubai-registered chemical tanker was captured by Somali pirates off the coast of Oman this month after setting sail from Sharjah. The crew of 22 consists of 17 Indians, three Nigerians, a Pakistani and a Bangladeshi.

PC Chacko, an MP from Kerala, said he would meet the external affairs minister SM Krishna and ask the government to act as two crewmen were from his constituency.

Mr Chacko visited the families of both men and assured them the government would do everything it could to ensure their safe release.

"I came to know that the owner of the ship has initiated negotiations to release the ship," he said. "The government of India has also instructed the director general of shipping to closely follow the developments pertaining to the incident and update them from time to time. Something must be done to stop this menace. It's a horrible experience for the families."

Fasil Ashraf is a friend of one of the crew, Stanly Vincent, 21.

Mr Ashraf said he had heard nothing from the owner about the ship. "We are in dark about the developments," he said. "There has been no information on this matter.

MT Royal Grace is owned by Oyster Cargo and Shipping Company. The company could not be reached for comment.

Captain Pottengal Mukundan, Director of the International Maritime Bureau (IMB) was invited to MC Northwood to meet with the staff of the NATO Shipping Center to maintain and strengthen the dialogue between the two organizations which work to provide the maritime community with the best information products possible to avoid piracy - Globmaritime.com.

The IMB is based in London and is a specialized division within the Commercial Crimes Services of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). IMB's primary mission is to protect the integrity of international trade by seeking out fraud and malpractice. One of the IMB's principal areas of expertise is in the suppression of piracy. Concerned at the alarming growth in the phenomenon, this led to the creation of the IMB Piracy Reporting Center in 1992, in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It maintains a round-the-clock watch on the world's shipping lanes, reporting pirate attacks to local law enforcement and issuing warnings to shipping about piracy hotspots.

Both Captain Mukundan and Michael Howlett, Divisional Director of the IMB, addressed the Senior Leadership and operational sectors of MC Northwood Headquarters (HQ), NATO, sharing information on how the Counterfeiting Intelligence Bureau, the Financial Investigation Bureau and the IMB look at trade finance fraud, container crime, charter party fraud, phantom ship fraud and their relationship with the Piracy Reporting Center and Counter Piracy as a whole. This informative overview provided comprehensive knowledge and background which will no doubt prove to be useful to work being done at this NATO HQ. Read more.

A task force from Russia’s Northern Fleet, led by the Udaloy class destroyer Vice Admiral Kulakov, will soon depart on an new anti-piracy mission off the Somali coast, the fleet’s spokesman Capt. 1st Rank Vadim Serga said on Tuesday - Ria Novosti.

The destroyer is currently on a training mission in the Barents Sea as part of the preparations for the upcoming tour-of-duty in the Gulf of Aden.

“It will be the first anti-piracy mission for the Vice Admiral Kulakov destroyer,” Serga said.

The new task force will replace the Russian Pacific Fleet’s task force headed by the Admiral Tributs destroyer, which completed its anti-piracy mission off the Somali coast on Monday and set sail for its home base in Vladivostok.

The Admiral Tributs, the Pechenega tanker and a rescue tugboat arrived in the Gulf of Aden on January 12 and escorted five convoys of commercial ships since then.

Task forces from the Russian Navy, usually led by Udaloy class destroyers, operate in the area on a rotating basis. Read more.

NATO and Russia agree that countering piracy is a common security challenge and have agreed to explore ways to strengthen cooperation in this area under the NATO-Russia Council (NRC) Work Programme for 2012. Building on limited military tactical cooperation off the Horn of Africa, they are seeking to strengthen information exchange and coordination and considering possible mutual support, such as refuelling and medical assistance, for ships involved in counter-piracy operations - Safety4Sea.

"We are all actors in the same area and good cooperation between our forces will enhance the effectiveness in keeping the shipping lanes safe as well as mutual understanding of the NATO and Russian units," says Rear Admiral (LH) Sinan Azmi Tosun, the current Commander of Ocean Shield, NATO's counter-piracy operation in the Gulf of Aden.

Remarks by US Assistant Secretary, Bureau of Political-Military affairs, Andrew J Shapiro to the Center for American Progress in Washington DC - US State Dept.

Despite the romantic notions surrounding piracy of previous centuries, modern day piracy represents a new and complex threat to the international community. While piracy at sea is certainly not a new problem, its modern re-incarnation has an impact of a different magnitude. Piracy off the coast of Somalia threatens one of the principal foundations of today’s modern interconnected global economic system – and that is freedom of navigation on the high seas. In a globalized world, the impact of piracy in one area of the world can cause a ripple effect greater in magnitude than ever before. We live in an era of complex, integrated, and on-demand global supply chains. People in countries around the world depend on secure and reliable shipping lanes for their food, their medicine, their energy, and consumer goods. By preying on commercial ships in one of the world’s most traversed shipping lanes, pirates off the Horn of Africa threaten more than just individual ships. They threaten a central artery of the global economy, and therefore global security and stability.

The United States will join partners from nearly 70 countries, international organizations, and the private sector at the United Nations in New York on March 29 for a plenary meeting of the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia - US State Dept. The Contact Group is a broad and growing diplomatic effort taking action against criminal activity that threatens commerce and humanitarian aid deliveries along one of the world’s busiest shipping corridors.

The plenary, hosted by the United Arab Emirates, will be the eleventh gathering of this outstanding international partnership. Since its initial meeting in January 2009, the Contact Group has nearly tripled in size. This is a testament to the global consensus that piracy poses a shared security challenge to maritime safety and to the need for further concerted and coordinated international action. Among its accomplishments to date, the Contact Group has:

Facilitated coordination of international naval patrols through the operational coordination of an unprecedented international naval effort from more than 30 countries working together to protect transiting vessels. The United States coordinates these efforts with multilateral coalitions such as NATO’s Operation Ocean Shield and the European Union’s Operation ATALANTA. The United States also looks to further develop counter-piracy cooperation with several other nations deploying forces to the international counter-piracy effort, including China, India, Japan, and Russia.
Partnered with the shipping industry to improve practical steps merchant ships and crews can take to avoid, deter, delay, and counter pirate attacks. The shipping industry’s use of Best Management Practices and the increasing use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel are among these measures that have proven to be the most effective deterrents against pirate attacks.
Strengthened the capacity of Somalia and other countries in the region to combat piracy, in particular by contributing to the UN Trust Fund Supporting Initiatives of States Countering Piracy off the Coast of Somalia; and
Advanced a new initiative aimed at disrupting the pirates’ financial and logistical networks ashore through approaches similar to those used to target other types of organized transnational criminal networks. Read more.

Despite Defense Department budget cuts and ongoing military operations, pirates in the waters off the coast of Somalia won’t see a decrease in naval military presence any time soon - CatalystDC.com. NATO allies recently agreed to continue through 2014 the Ocean Shield operation – a counter-piracy naval operation off the Horn of Africa protecting merchant ships from pirate attack. This is welcome news to many ship owners and charters, which have seen an increase in the number of pirate attacks in the Indian Ocean. In 2011, Somali pirates attacked 439 vessels, fired on 113 of them, hijacked 45, and took 802 hostages. The pirate threat and the international response seem only to be escalating.

Piracy in the Indian Ocean threatens human life, regional stability, and international commerce, costing the global economy $7 billion to $12 billion annually. To address this issue, the National Chamber Foundation (NCF) recently hosted “High Risk on the High Seas: The Economic Impact of Piracy in the Indian Ocean,” an event featuring comments from industry and government experts on the challenge of piracy and the threat to commercial interests in the Indian Ocean.

For ships passing through the 2.5 million square nautical miles of water where Somali pirates operate, security measures are a necessity. Speakers at the NCF program offered several perspectives on the pirate threat, offering insight into the primary areas where governments and industry should focus their efforts. Read more.

In a speech in Brussels held 28 March, at a seminar on Piracy and Armed Robbery at Sea, the keynote speech by Koji Sekimizu, the Secretary-General, International Maritime Organization,“Coordination and co-operation: activities of IMO and the way forward”, said:

As piracy continues to plague shipping and put the lives and livelihoods of seafarers at serious risk, we must continue to work hard to ensure meaningful and substantial progress in the fight to combat this insidious criminal activity. We must change and stem the tide towards complete eradication. A coordinated response, across several different fronts, is the only way forward and, from this point of view, the holding of this Seminar is timely and I appreciate Vice-President Kallas for inviting me to address the Seminar today.

As the specialized agency of the United Nations with, among other things, a responsibility for the safety and security of international shipping, the International Maritime Organization has been among those actively advocating and working towards just such a coordinated approach. This is based on our long involvement in combating piracy, not just Somali-based but in other parts of the world too.

IMO was, for example, instrumental in establishing the framework for collaboration among the littoral States of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore and the South China Sea that proved so successful in helping to almost eradicate piracy in what used to be the world’s major hotspot.

More recently, it was IMO that first drew the problem of piracy off the coast of Somalia to the attention of the United Nations Security Council; and, since then, we have been in the vanguard of counter-piracy efforts, often on our own initiative, and often in collaboration with others. Read more.

On the question of ransom payments relating to Somali piracy, Lord hannay of Chiswich in the UK House of Lords (Parliament) stated "...now that the Government are getting a better grip on all aspects of the problems of Somalia, including that of piracy, it is high time that the Government insisted that anyone assembling a ransom should file a suspicious activity report about that? Would he also confirm that the Prime Minister has now asked for a proper study to be made of all aspects of the issue of assembling ransoms?"

In response, Lord Henley replied "As regards whether SARs should be used whenever a ransom has been paid, the paying of ransom, as the noble Lord will be aware, is not illegal as such, although we deplore the practice because we do not think it assists. I can also confirm that, as the noble Lord put it, my right honourable friend the Prime Minister does want further work to be looked at in this area to see whether it should be something for which a SAR should automatically be filed if that is the case." He went on to iterate the pirate/terrorist nexus issue: "...we made it clear that we do not believe that the money going in ransoms to-if I can put it this way-the ordinary Somali pirates is generally going into terrorists' hands. What is being gathered by AQIM is coming from other kidnapping operations..."

Lord Henley then points out that, "...the simple fact is that, much as we deplore the payment of ransoms-Her Majesty's Government have made that clear for some time-they are not illegal as such." Read the full extract HERE.

With 22 armed attacks on ships in Nigeria and Benin Republic in the past two months, the Bight of Benin now ranks next to the Gulf of Aden in terms of piracy. The result is that the international shipping community, including Lloyd's Maritime Association, is considering higher freight charges for imports destined to the region, reports Francis Ugwoke - This Day Live.

There has been palpable apprehension among ship owners engaged in trade with the country over the increasing activities of pirates within Nigeria's coast in the past few weeks. Already, Nigeria and its neighbor, Benin, are being fingered as second to Somalia in terms of piracy attacks. This follows a report that while there were 58 piracy attacks on ships within the nation's coastal waters last year, there have been 22 attacks so far this year on ships trading in the Bight of Benin, a development that has caught the attention of the international shipping community.

While the International Maritime Bureau (IMB), an arm of the United Nations has warned ship owners about the dangers of piracy Nigeria, Lloyd's Maritime Association, a high profile group of shipping insurers with headquarters in the United Kingdom, is considering imposing higher freight charges on goods headed for Nigeria.

Curiously, Nigerian authorities appear helpless over the situation, which is coming at a time when efforts are being made by the federal government to boost shipping activities in the Niger Delta with the approval of N9.406 billion for the rehabilitation of the old Warri Port. The port was abandoned for over two decades for a number of reasons, including hostilities and ship hijacks by youths in the region who demand for ransom. Read more.

The release of Judith Tebbutt may be fantastic news for her friends and family, but it sheds awkward light on the government's attitude towards paying ransoms for hostages.

The official line is: don't do it, says The Guardian.

Last month, David Cameron reinforced this position during the London Conference on Somalia, telling delegates during his keynote address that it was time to bring the practice to an end.

"Let's create an international taskforce on ransoms," he said. "And let's set the ultimate ambition of stopping these payments because in the end they only ensure that crime pays."

The US has been even more explicit. In a speech last year, Andrew Shapiro, a senior official in the state department, said: "A vicious cycle has formed where ever-rising ransom payments have not just spurred additional pirate activity but have also enabled pirates to increase their operational capabilities and sophistication. Piracy has gone from a fairly ad-hoc disorganised criminal endeavour to a highly developed transnational criminal enterprise."

This stance has infuriated international shipping companies who argue that the consequences of not paying are too terrible to contemplate – both for the hostages themselves, and for trade on the high seas.

The unspoken truth is these payments are so ingrained into the business of piracy, it will be difficult to stop them in the short term. Read more.

The hijack of a ship by Somali pirates in the waters of the Maldives may in future keep cruising yachts away from the idyllic necklace of atolls in the central Indian Ocean - Sail-World. Up until now, the Maldives has been a popular stopping place on the way across the Indian Ocean, whether the yachts are headed for the Red Sea or for Africa.

With no yachts expected to venture via the Red Sea, the Maldives has still been a good rest point and offered an interesting stay for passing yachts on their way to the longer route around Africa - but maybe no more.

In an alarming expansion of the zone known to be frequented by pirates, the Bolivian-flagged vessel MV Eglantine, with 23 crew members on board, was hijacked this week a mere 190 nautical miles north west of Hoarafushi Island in the Haa Alif Atoll. Read more.

The Chinese navy's escort missions in Somali waters have been "100 percent successful" since they started to dispatch escort warships to the Gulf of Aden and the Somali coastal area in January 2009, China's Deputy Permanent Representative to the UN Wang Min said here Thursday - CRI English.

Wang made the remarks at the eleventh plenary meeting of the Contact Group on piracy off the coast of Somalia.

By the end of March this year, China has dispatched eleven batches of 28 warships to engage in escort missions for 4,543 vessels in 431 batches, more than half of which were foreign vessels, Wang said.

"The escort missions are 100 percent successful," he said.

"We rescued 48 vessels which were attacked and chased by pirates, and escorted eight vessels which were released after abduction," the ambassador said. "These efforts have contributed to the safety and security of Chinese and foreign vessels passing through the Somali coastal area, as well as the shipping and navigation order in the region." Read more.

The families of seven Indian sailors, on board 'MV Asphalt Venture' that was hijacked by Somali pirates in 2010, are wondering why the Indian government is taking so long to secure the release of the sailors - IBN Live. Some of them are to accompany Kerala Chief Minister Oommen Chandy when he goes to New Delhi on Tuesday to discuss the issue with the central government. The Panama-flagged vessel 'MV Asphalt Venture', owned by a joint venture of a British and Middle-East company, got hijacked by pirates near Tanzania while on way to Durban from Mombasa, Kenya on Sep 28, 2010.

Since then the misery for the sailors and their families has been enormous. Last April, the pirates released eight other sailors, but continued to keep the Indian sailors hostage. Of the seven sailors, two are from Kerala and their families are pinning their hope on Chief Minister Oommen Chandy to pressurise the central government for the sailors release.

Speaking to IANS, Chandy said he has met Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and several cabinet ministers in the matter. "On Tuesday I am in Delhi and the families of these victims will also be there. We will again make one more attempt to see that some action is done. The sufferings of these people has gone beyond limits," said Chandy. Read more and see video.

“They are alive”. After months of not hearing from her brother and his partner after they had been kidnapped by Somali pirates, Durban woman, Vera Hecht, has finally received confirmation that the pair are alive - IOL.co.za.

Durban couple Bruno Pelizzari and Debbie Calitz were captured by Somali pirates in October 2010 and are being held hostage.

Hecht sought proof that her brother and his partner were still alive and received confirmation two weeks ago.

Speaking to the Daily News on Sunday Hecht said that “Ali”, the pirate she has been in communication with, gave her the proof she needed.

“He (Ali) let me ask Bruno and Debbie two questions that only they would know the answers to. And they answered correctly. They’re fine,” Hecht said. Hecht would not reveal what questions were put to Pelizzari and Calitz or the answers given by the couple. Read more.

The latest ‘Situation Report’ on pirate activities released by the European Union Naval Force (EU NAVFOR) on Wednesday has revealed that Somali pirates around the Horn of Africa are holding eight vessels and 236 crews hostage - IBN Live. In an e-mail reply to Express, the Public Information Office of EU NAVFOR has revealed that of the 236 sailors now held hostage by the pirates in the region, 32 are Indians, which includes seven members from the ship ‘Asphalt Venture’ that had been released but the hostages are still being held.

Asphalt Venture was hijacked on September 28, 2010 in the Somali Basin and after intervention from anti-piracy forces, she was released from the pirates’ captivity on April 15, 2011. However, pirates took hostage of about 15 of the vessel’s crew seeking more ransom.

According to the report, of the eight vessels that were held by pirates, Panama-flagged MV Iceberg-1 with 22 crew members onboard would be completing two years in the pirates’ captivity on Thursday.

The report further revealed that besides Iceberg, MV Albedo (Malaysia-flag), MV Orna (Panama-flag), MV Liquid Velvet (Marshall Islands-flag), MV Enrico Ievoli (Italy-flag), MV Free Goddess (Liberia-flag), MV Leila (Panama-flag), MT Royal Grace (Panama-flag) and MV Eglantine (Bolivia-flag) were the other vessels held by the pirates.

While MV Iceberg-1 was hijacked on March 29, 2010, the latest one joining the infamous club was MV Eglantine, which was hijacked on Monday with 23 crewmembers onboard. Read more.

Ten Filipino sailors were among the 23 seafarers of mixed nationalities who were abducted by ransom-seeking Somali pirates off the coast of India this week, the Department of Foreign Affairs said Thursday, reports PhilStar.com.

Foreign Affairs spokesman Raul Hernandez said the Filipinos' ship MV Eglantine, a Cypriot-flagged and Iranian-owned vessel, was hijacked by pirates on March 26.

The vessel's principal, KISH Shipping, is based in Tehran and has already coordinated with the Filipinos' local manning agency in Manila, Hernandez said, adding the victims' family members were already informed about the incident.

The latest kidnapping incident brings to at least 57 the number of Filipino seamen being held by armed brigands off the coast of Somalia, where they keep other foreign seafarers on board several vessels they hijacked.

As a policy, the Philippine government does not negotiate nor pay ransom to kidnappers, but gives ship owners the free hand in negotiating for the release of abducted Filipino sailors.

The Commonwealth of the Bahamas joined three previous flag State signatories in signing a Declaration Condemning Acts of Violence Against Seafarers today at the Women’s International Shipping & Trading Association luncheon at the Connecticut Maritime Association, says Oceans Beyond Piracy. The signing was officiated by William H Watson, Deputy Commissioner of Maritime Affairs for the Republic of the Marshall Islands who was representing Oceans Beyond Piracy, and was witnessed by representatives of the other signatory States.

The Declaration was signed in August 2011 by the Republics of Liberia, the Marshall Islands, and Panama and states their commitment to ensure better documentation of the violence faced by seafarers. The Declaration was inspired by the Human Cost of Somali Piracy study released in June of last year by Oceans Beyond Piracy, which found that thousands of seafarers were subjected to gunfire, beatings, confinement, and in some cases torture. Read more.

The US Coastguard Journal of Security and Safety at sea, 'Proceedings', Spring 2012 edition is available to download (PDF) HERE. Contributors include Giles Noakes of BIMCO, Todd Offutt of MARLO and Donna Hopkins - US Department of State Coordinator, Counter Piracy and Maritime Security. If you do not know who they are in terms of counter piracy, then we recommend you read it.

Former International Maritime Organisation (IMO) secretary general Efthimios Mitropoulos told a salvage conference that whilst many salvors suffer from the same lack of recognition as seafarers’, the maritime industry does acknowledge the vital role they play in protecting the marine environment - Nautilus International.

The speech was only Mr Mitropoulos’s third following the end of his 8-year term leading the IMO and he made clear his praise for the industry and their role in saving life and property at sea.

‘The industry you represent deserves appreciation and should command high respect for the work you do,’ Mr Mitropoulos said in his keynote address to the International Salvage Union associate members’ day.

‘All of those who are involved in marine activities should recognise the importance and value of your services.’

He paid tribute to the salvage crews who often do not hesitate to risk their lives to save others and also acknowledged the risk of criminalisation which affects salvers in the way as seafarers.
[OCEANUSLive would like to take this opportunity to add to the praise bestowed on the Salvage industry, and in particular the support given to us by the ISU Secretary General, Mike Lacey, as he winds down to retirement from the role. The work undertaken by salvors, often in highly dangerous conditions, including recovering vessels in pirate waters, is important and largely unheralded. We wish Mike (and John) a pleasurable retirement. And less travel.]

Hijacks:

Indian Ocean - Bolivia-flagged, Iran-owned bulk carrier, MV Eglantine, was attacked in position 07:00N - 069:49E,approx 200nm SW of Minicoy Island at 0330 UTC. Vessel has been declared HIJACKED. Reported 26 Mar. Last reported at 0700 UTC stationary in posn 07:13N - 069:47E. Vessel being tacked and shadowed by Maldivian and Indian forces, however, Maldivian forces halted any rescue attempt as the vessel moved out of its territorial waters.
Somali Basin - An Oman-flagged fishing vessel, Naham 3, has been reported hijacked and 15 crew members taken as hostages in position 06:18.50N – 050:13.04E, around 115nm NE of Hobyo, Somalia. The fishing vessel was located near the coast of Somalia. Further report awaited. Initial report (via IMB) 26 Mar.
Gulf of Aden - A Dhow was reported hijacked by pirates 10nm NE of Ras Caseyr, Somalia, in the vicinity of position 12:00N - 051:22E at 1700 UTC 26 Mar. The Dhow is believed to have a fibreglass hull with a red bottom, white top and a blue strip between the two. The bridge is white in colour with black stripes and Dhow is currently in the Gulf of Aden. Via NSC.
Indian Ocean - A fishing vessel was reported hijacked in the vicinity of position 03:00N - 055:00E, and was taken to the Somali coast 26 Mar. The FV was last seen in vicinity of 05:31N - 048:41E. PAG may be operating in the area. Reported (via NSC) 27 Mar.

Unsuccessful Attacks/Robberies (All regions):

Arabian Sea - LATE Report | seven to eight robbers boarded an India-flagged barge carrier, Ocean 6, from a small rubber dinghy boat, and held a duty seaman hostage at 0450 LT in position 18:53.25N - 072:52.53E, approximately 2.6 nm southeast of Dolphin Lighthouse, Mumbai Anchorage, India. Ships' stores were stolen and the robbers escaped. No crew were injured. Port authorities alerted the coast guard and local police authorities in Mumbai. A patrol boat in area was diverted for further investigation. The VTMS initiated a broadcast to alert vessels in vicinity. Reported 3 Feb.
Malacca Strait - LATE Report | Two robbers armed with long knives boarded a berthed Marshall Islands-flagged bulk carrier, Tequila Sunrise, during cargo operations and entered the engine room via the steering room entrance at 0300 LT, in position 03:23.24N - 099:27.53E, Jetty No.3 MNA, Kuala Tanjung, Indonesia. Duty oiler noticed the robbers and tried to activate the fire alarm but the robbers threatened him with a knife and tied his arms. The robbers took the oiler as hostage to the main deck and then escaped with the stolen ship stores. Alarm raised and robbery reported to the authorities who came onboard to conduct an investigation. Initial report (via IMB) 4 Feb.
Gulf of Aden - LATE Report | While at anchor, six robbers armed with knives boarded Panama-flagged chemical tanker, Ginga Tiger, from the poop deck at 0935 LT in posn 13:09.21N - 048:45.40E. On boarding, the robbers held a crew member hostage and entered the accommodation area. The crew managed to escape and raised the alarm. As the crew was mustered, the robbers escaped with some engine spares. No damage to ship or crew injuries as robbers escaped with engine spares. Reported (via ReCAAP) 22 Mar.
Arabian Sea - Master onboard an Ethiopia general cargo vessel, Andinet, noticed three skiffs approaching at high speed at 1720 UTC in position 22:37.50N - 063:31.80E, around 220nm east of Sur, Oman. The skiffs were observed following the vessel as it altered course to move away. Seeing this, the Master alerted the embarked security team, who fired warning shots when the skiffs were observed 15/20 feet away from the vessel. The skiffs moved away. No casualties to crew and the ship. Initial report (via IMB) 23 Mar.
Arabian Sea - Duty officer onboard a Liberia-flagged tanker, Cosmic Jewel, underway noticed a mother vessel at a distance of 6nm at 1100 UTC: in position 20:49N – 062:27E, around 190nm ENE of Sur, Oman. At a distance of 4nm, the mother vessel was noticed launching a skiff. The Master alerted the onboard security team. The skiff approached the vessel at a speed of around 25-30 knots. The Master raised the alarm, sent a distress message and altered course. As the skiff closed to around 1000 metres, the onboard security team launched a rocket flare and fired two warning shots, resulting in the skiff stopping and moving towards the tanker’s stern. The skiff, with 6-7 pirates, maintained a distance of 1nm and continued to chase the tanker. Only when the armed security team fired more warning shots did the skiff stop and abort the attack, to then return to the mother vessel. A warship responded to the distress message and sent a surveillance aircraft to the location. Initial report (via IMB) 24 Mar.
Atlantic - Two boats approached an anchored Denmark-flagged product tanker, North Princess, during heavy rain at 2215 LT: in Port Au Prince Anchorage, Haiti. Duty crew noticed there were 2-3 armed robbers on each boat and one robber threatened him by waiving a hand gun. One of the robbers, armed with a machete, managed to board the tanker and was seen cutting the mooring rope on the poop deck. The OOW raised the alarm and contacted the pilot station for assistance. On hearing the alarm, the robber jumped into the water, with the stolen stores, and escaped in their boat. A coast guard boat was depstched to the location and manoeuvred around the tanker. The Master heaved up the anchor and proceeded to drift outside the anchorage area. Initially report (via IMB) 24 Mar.
Arabian Sea - Two skiffs approached a Liberia-flagged bulk carrier, Blue Diamond, underway at 1351 UTC in position 14:17N - 056:51E . As the skiffs closed, the Master raised the alarm, increased speed, took evasive manoeuvres and the onboard security team fired warning shots. At a distance of around 0.8nm one skiff fired a RPG towards the vessel. The security team returned fire resulting in the skiffs aborting and moving away. Initial report (via NSC) 25 Mar.
Indian Ocean - Four armed pirates in a skiff chased and fired 30 rounds at a Hong Kong (China)-flagged tanker, LR2 Polaris, underway at 0306 UTC in position 05:21S - 049:18E . The tanker enforced anti piracy measures and the onboard security team returned fire resulting in the skiff aborting the attack moving away. The crew and vessel are safe. Initial report (via NSC) 26 Mar. The pirates were later tracked by EU patrol aircraft and an EU French frigate disrupted the PAG operation. See OCEANUSLive report HERE.

EUNAVFOR figures state 8 vessels and an estimated 236 hostages held captive (Updated 28 Mar). Somalia Report indicates 327 hostages held from 25 captured vessels with a further 25 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 352 hostages.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity (Click on Map for Larger View)

OCEANUSLive.org permits the reproduction of this image providing source and link are published (Map ToU)

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Hand in Glove: Welcoming Standardised Contracts

Thu, 29 Mar 2012 12:42:58 UTC

Hand in Glove: Security Standards And Contracts

Source: SAMI Media Release

The Security Association for the Maritime Industry (SAMI), which represents over 150 maritime security companies worldwide, welcomes the launch of the Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO) “Guardcon” – the standard contract for the employment of security guards on vessels.

The new standardised contract between shipowners and private maritime security companies (PMSCs) has been introduced by BIMCO and is seen as working in parallel with the SAMI Standard and Accreditation Programme.

“Guardcon” provides clarity on a range of key issues such as the roles and responsibilities of parties, team composition, actual duties and clarification on areas such as insurance, outsourcing and employment. The SAMI programme provides the mechanism to actually check and verify that the security contractor is able to provide as per the contractual agreement.

Peter Cook, Director of SAMI said,

“The proliferation of private maritime security companies and the increase of shipowners contracting to use them have prompted a need for standardisation and clarification. The fact that this standard contract now exists in parallel to SAMI’s international mechanism to check and enforce compliance, affords shipowners and insurers the reassurance they have been seeking for so long.”

The Guardcon is the product of much hard work within the shipping industry, and it is something which is welcomed by maritime security providers. Indeed the contract is seen as a reflection of the importance and significance of the role that private maritime security is providing in the piracy High Risk Area. There has been a rise in the number of occasions in which an armed defensive response has protected vessels from pirate attack, and increasingly the International Maritime Bureau (IMB) reports state that the return of fire from onboard armed security team has resulted in pirates aborting their attacks.

A SAMI spokesperson added, “We see that Guardcon and the SAMI programme sit hand in glove with each other. While the need for security remains, the provision of a joined up approach to the legal, compliance and quality issues offers the shipping industry with a potent twin track approach to providing legal surety and excellence of service.”

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EU Warship Halts Pirate Progress

Thu, 29 Mar 2012 09:53:32 UTC

EU French Warship Halts Pirate Action Group

Source: EUNAVFOR.eu

EU Counter Piracy Naval Forces have tracked down and stopped a group of suspected pirates who were believed to have tried to attack a Hong-Kong flagged tanker approximately 400 nautical miles off the coast of Somalia.

French Boarding team and Suspect Pirates Whaler

EU Naval Force warship FS Aconit was called to investigate after the tanker came under attack on 26 March 2012. Aconit was directed onto the fleeing pirates by a Luxembourgish Maritime Patrol and Reconnaissance Aircraft (MPRA), which have recently completed 3500 Flights Hours with EUNAVFOR.

The MPRA quickly located the suspects who were towing a small skiff behind a larger sea going whaler. The MPRA provided imagery showing pirate paraphernalia.

In order to conceal the evidence of their piracy activities, it is believed that the suspected pirates had cut loose and sunk the smaller skiff, containing weapons, ladders and a certain amount of fuel.

Aconit’s helicopter intercepted and stopped the whaler, which had 10 suspected pirates onboard, by firing warning shots on March 27. A team from Aconit boarded the whaler and the suspects have been transferred on board the frigate. Two suspects received medical care by the Aconit’s medical service.

As no pirate paraphernalia was recovered, the crew of the Whaler were sent back to the Somali coast with only enough water and fuel for a one-way journey.

The French Navy frigate Aconit’s intervention made it possible to hamper the action of a complete pirate action group, thus preventing them from committing new attacks in the area.

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EU Warship Frees Dhow Used As Pirate Mothership

Wed, 28 Mar 2012 11:34:30 UTC

EU Warship Frees Suspect Mothership from Pirate Captors

Source: EUNAVFOR

On 26 March 2012, the EU Naval Force Flagship ESPS Patino located a Yemeni registered dhow that was suspected of being involved in acts of piracy off the Somali coast.

EU Helo and Boarding Crew Approach Pirate-held Dhow

The previous day a merchant vessel had reported that it had evaded an attack by two skiffs. As she was close by, ESPS Patino was tasked to investigate the scene, and when her helicopter arrived, it located a capsized skiff, with suspected pirates embarking onto the Yemini dhow.

The dhow, with 16 people on board, was confirmed as a suspected mothership, previously observed at a pirate anchorage. Authorisation was given for a team from Patino to board the dhow. The 14 suspected pirates quickly surrendered to the EU Naval Forces and the 2 dhow crew members were freed.

After coordinating with Yemeni authorities, on 27 March, the dhow and the two crewmembers were safely handed over to Yemeni Coast Guard near Yemeni territorial waters in the vicinity of Socotra Island.

The suspect pirates, who no longer had the means to carry out attacks, had to be released to return back to Somalia.

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Iranian Bulk Carrier Hijacked in the Indian Ocean

Mon, 26 Mar 2012 16:42:30 UTC

Iran-bound Brazilian sugar ship hijacked off India

UPDATED: 26 March

(Reuters) - An Iranian bulk carrier of Brazilian sugar was hijacked in the eastern Indian Ocean early on Monday with 23 crew on board, international shipping monitors said.

MV Eglantine, previously the Iran Gilan, Image via shipspotter.com

The Eglantine, which according to Reuters shipping data loaded in Rio de Janeiro in late February, was hijacked off India's southwest coast by suspected Somali pirates, NATO's counter-piracy mission said.

Armed pirate gangs are making millions of dollars in ransoms and are able to stay out at sea for long periods using captured merchant vessels as mother ships. The shipping security crisis costs world trade billions of dollars each year.

Attacks as far away from Somalia as Monday's hijacking are rare. Although NATO, EU and Iranian naval forces are trying to protect merchant shipping, the Indian Ocean is too big for them to effectively patrol all of it.

"It is very far east from Somalia," a spokeswoman for the NATO Shipping Centre said.

The U.S. has identified the vessel as being operated by Iranian government shipping companies blacklisted by Washington.

Iran is expected to import 1.6 million tonnes of sugar in 2011-12, according to the International Sugar Organization.

However, Western sanctions have made it difficult for Iran to pay for basic foods through the global banking system, even though foodstuffs are not targeted by the sanctions.

The vessel was carrying over 63,000 tonnes of cargo when it left Brazil, the world's biggest sugar exporter, according to shipping data.

(OCEANUSLive) - The Eglantine, previously named the Bluebell and the Iran Gilan, is owned by Darya Hafiz Shipping and is a 63k DWT Bolivian-flagged bulk carrier.

(AFP) - The vessel, identified as MV Eglantine, had been seized off the north-western Hoarafush island in the Indian Ocean atoll nation of the Maldives, the Maldivian National Defence Force (MNDF) said. It is the first hijacking within Maldivian territory.

"The incident is seven miles inside our Exclusive Economic Zone," MNDF chief spokesman Colonel Abdul Raheem Latheef told AFP. "The ship appears to be drifting and we are sending our vessels to the area."

He said the Maldivian authorities were coordinating their efforts with the naval authorities of neighbouring India.

The MNDF was alerted to the hijacking by the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System, the emergency communications system for global shipping, which maintains an operation in the Maldives, the Maldivian spokesman said.

In November, the Maldives announced it was working with Sri Lanka and India on a strategy to deal with Somali pirates. The Maldives had arrested 37 Somali pirates who were drifting near the archipelago.

Sri Lanka has also arrested an unspecified number of Somali pirates.

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Weekly Piracy Report

Mon, 26 Mar 2012 08:17:16 UTC

17 - 23 March 2012

Upping stakes: EU demonstrates intent by extending its mandate and permitting strikes on Somali soil. NATO op also extended as more pirates disrupted. EU considers pooling resources as USA to refocus European-facing policy. Puntland anti-piracy ops threaten pirates and begins 2nd round of recuits for maritime police. British hostage freed following ransom paid by her family but over 200 seafarers still held. Outlawing ransom payments warning. Attacks off Nigeria, Suez and Belize. Italy to try 9 pirates in its first such case and Somaliland law change permits prosecution of pirates. Benin and Nigeria have their risk status raised. Boom inmaritime security threatens manning in Royal Marines; back to the future approach with privateers. Floating armouries. What is the salary of a pirate? Maiden voyage sailors taken by pirates. New Save Our Seafarer Chairman. IMO New Media Officer leads the way. Admiral Sir James Burnell-Nugent joins Oceans Beyond Piracy.

East Africa

On March 17, in the Gulf of Aden, the Turkish Navy Ship (TCG) Giresun, acting as part of NATO’s counter-piracy (Operation OCEAN SHIELD), successfully disrupted a group of pirates suspected of having been involved in the attack of a merchant vessel in the area -OCEANUSLive.

Earlier that day, the NATO warship USS Arleigh Burke had received a distress call fromMV Trans Catalonia, which stated that she had been attacked by a skiff with armed pirates on board. According to the distress call, the pirates opened fire but aborted their attack when the merchant vessel’s armed security team returned fire in self-defence.

USS Arleigh Burke and TCG Giresun were immediately sent to the area to intercept the pirate group. On its way to the skiff's last known position, TCG Giresun launched its helicopter, which quickly spotted a skiff and was able to identify 7 pirates on board and boarding equipment. As soon as the pirates noticed the helicopter, they stopped and raised their hands over their heads.

Giresun then reached the scene and sent its boarding team to investigate the skiff. On completion of this successful disruption, the commander of the NATO counter-piracy task force, Admiral Sinan Tosun declared: “We are happy that NATO was able to prevent another act of piracy and to contribute to safer navigation in the Gulf of Aden”.

Officials from Somalia's semi-autonomous region of Puntland have claimed that "if necessary" they will launch a military attack on hijacked Ro/Ro vessel MV Leila and the pirates holding the ship. Minister Raage, Puntland's minister for sea transport, ports and counter-piracy, announced the decision on Monday, reports Somalia Report.

"Our plans are clear. First, we will contact the group of pirates and we will request that they release the ship without any conditions. If they refuse, we will use military force to free the ship, cargo and crew," Minister Raage told Somalia Report.

Prior to the statement, local businessmen and elders from Somaliland had arrived in Bosaso to discuss the issue, as they own much of the cargo on board the hijacked ship which was hijacked by pirates on February 15. The pirates are currently demanding $2 million for the release of the vessel.

Mr Raage added, "These businessmen don't offer much support to government efforts to defeat pirates, but they put a lot of pressure on us when pirates hijack one of their own vessels. Since Puntland-based pirates hijacked MV Leila, businessmen and elders from Somaliland have come to Puntland, and have applied pressure on us to help secure the release of the ship." Read more.

A Puntland government delegation led by Minister of Ports and Anti Piracy Saeed Mohamed Rage accompanied by UN delegation traveled to the coastal town of Eyl, Radio Garowe reports - Garowe Online.

The delegation arrived in Eyl Sunday morning and were welcomed by a huge crowd who gathered to watch as officials visited some sites in Eyl by foot. The coastal town was once a former pirate hub but after the crackdown on piracy by the Puntland government, pirates fled from Eyl and were also forced out in Gara’ad some 130 kms south of Eyl.

Minister Rage was accompanied by officials from the ministry of security, ministry of internal affairs, officials from UNODC, UNDP, UNDSS. The delegation met with district authorities, community leaders and different civil society members.

The purpose of the trip was to assess,observe and monitor the needs and progress of the community after successfully forcing out pirates from Eyl. Minister Rage and his delegation were assessing the progress of development projects that are being conducted in Eyl.

Minister Rage and his delegation visited the construction site of the Puntland Maritime Police Force’s (PMPF) base. Among other locations visited by the delegation was the local hospital, police station, district headquarters and neighboring villages near Eyl.

The PMPF have been constructing a headquarters in Eyl after entering the coastal town earlier this year.

Somali pirates have been unable to step into the sea to prey on merchant shipping lines in the Gulf of Aden due to the harsh conditions at sea, leading to a drop in the frequency of attacks, naval sources have revealed - Afrique en Ligne.

In readiness for an upsurge in the number of attacks, the European Union (EU) Naval Taskforce (EUNAVFOR) deployed in the region at the peak of the pirate attacks, is planning to double the number of warships by May to deal with the extra-threat.

“The Monsoon winds is the first counter-piracy asset we have at our disposal,” a senior Commander with the EUNAVFOR, who wished to remain unnamed, said. “In April, when there is no Monsoon, the sea would be like a swimming pool,” he added.

The swimming pool-like conditions at sea enable the pirates to flock back to sea, relying on an array of tools, including high capacity motors to power their small boats and automatic weapon firepower, to prey on merchant vessels.

“We have a distribution of ships along the coast to keep the pirates in the seaside,” said Rear Admiral Jorge Manso, the EUNAVFOR Force Commander. “We ensure the piracy action groups do not go to sea, but they always come to sea.”

Although the military operation is leading to a reduction in the pace of piracy attacks, the lack of courts in Somalia to lock up the suspects is a drawback to the operation.

“They are always kept for a period of time to recover their operations at sea. This is part of the deterents,” Rear Admiral Manso said when asked about the system of arresting and freeing pirates when no governments would take them for prosecution.

“We have taken pirates in some ships,” said Lieutenant Alvaro Huelin of the EUNAVFOR, talking about 11 pirates the force seized after the German warship, Berlin, foiled an attack off the coast of Somalia.

Lt. Huelin said during regular anti-piracy patrols, the marines particularly watched out for weapons, big motors, usually one or two powerful motors on a single small boat.

“This is the evidence we require to guarantee a prosecution,” Lt. Huelin, whose naval vessel, SPS Patino, recently seized 15 Somali pirates after a gun battle off the coast Mogadishu, after escorting a shipment of supplies meant for African forces. Read more.

According to Norwegian company Seatrans AS, which is managing the ship, armed security guards on board the ship managed to avert Friday’s attack in a retaliatory action -The Foreigner (Norway).

Press spokesperson Tom Atle Pedersen told Bergensavisen the vessel sustained no apparent damage, and, “The crew is fine. No one was hurt in any way. The episode lasted for a relatively short time before it was over.”

The Singapore-registered 20 000 ton chemical tanker ‘Trans Catalonia’ is currently on a voyage from Indonesia to Russia loaded with palm oil.

In addition to the guards, the 20 crew are from Sweden, Poland and Romania - See Piracy Incidents below.

The Puntland Maritime Police Force (PMPF) received a second group of recruits that will be trained to deter, detect and eradicate piracy in the region, reports Garowe Online.

More than 400 volunteers were recruited throughout the Puntland, representing all clans, and assembled over the period 25-29 February 2012 in Puntland's capital city, Garowe. The recruits went through vetting and medical screening and additional intake procedures.

Several senior and junior officers and non-commissioned officers of the Puntland Security Force (PSF) also were selected to accompany the new recruits during their training and will form part of the core leadership for future training and anti-piracy operations.

On March 2nd, a large vehicle convoy arrived with the recruits at the home base facility where Puntland officials and PMPF leadership welcomed them.

Puntland President Abdirahman Mohamed Mohamud (Farole) welcomed the recruits with the statement, “I am very proud on the people of Puntland that they could deliver these recruits, who will form the first intake for 2012.” Read more.

West Africa

The IBF (International Bargaining Forum) is declaring a high risk area for the territorial waters of Benin and Nigeria, following the increasing number of attacks on vessels and kidnap of crews there - Neptune Maritime Security. The designation will come into effect on 1st April 2012 in order to allow ship operators to make any necessary preparations. It will afford the same benefits and protections to seafarers in those areas as the High Risk Area in the Gulf of Aden and around Somalia, including: the need for enhanced security measures; advance notice of intent to enter the area; the right to refuse to enter it; and a doubling of the daily basic wage and of death and disability compensation while within the area of risk.

The High Risk Area provisions apply to all ships operated under an IBF agreement. The ITF’s Fair Practices Committee Steering Group will decide on whether to also apply them to all ships under non-IBF ITF agreements. IBF agreements on high risk areas also provide an indicator of good practice to national flag registers. The provisions are set out in full HERE.

Suez

Egypt's National Security Service has foiled a planned attack against a foreign vessel in the Suez Canal, the MENA news agency reported - Manorama Online.

Officers detained two suspects -- residents of the Ismailia region. One of them planned an attack on a vessel passing through the canal from a land plot he owned on the coast.

The agency said the suspects intended to "inflict damage upon the state's economy".

The Suez Canal linking the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea is a key source of funding for Egypt's budget. The country receives around $5 billion annually in levies for the passage of vessels.

Despite political instability in Egypt since the Hosni Mubarak regime was deposed in February 2011, the canal has operated normally. Around 50 ships pass through the canal daily.

South America

Piracy, the woeful, uncouth act upon rogue vessels sailing and pillaging our Belizean waters, is now becoming more and more frequent, but a gang of 4 armed pirates took those types of misdeeds to another, altogether more frightening level - Belize Times.

Police are currently investigating yet another case of piracy. Details about this heinous incident remain elusive at this time and Police won’t even confirm that the incident actually happened. But it did happen, and here’s what is known thus far: 4 men, all of dark complexion, boarded a catamaran known as the ‘S.K. Abenga’, charted from a company known as the Mooring Charter Company which operates out of the Southern part of the country. The vessel, which was ‘lazing’ somewhere between Tobacco Caye and Pelican Caye, was intercepted by the 4 men, who came from an unknown direction, and then boarded, with the immediate intent to seize their valuables.

It remains a mystery as to how many people were officially on board, with estimates suggesting 8 tourists, all deemed to be American citizens. But they were all later attacked, and sustained various injuries, with one of the women onboard, supposedly a 61-year-old, assaulted by one of the pirates. They were then taken to a dock yard in Placencia, and left there. The tourists then found a local hotel, where they are currently ‘holed up’, and were treated for their injuries at the Western Regional Hospital in Dangriga.

And while it is unusual that the Police, and not the National Coast Guard, are investigating, it is a priority at this time in order to forestall a growing international incident that is sure to follow.

Judith Tebbutt has been freed by her captors, seven months after she was kidnapped from a beach in Kenya - ITV.com.

During the raid her husband David was killed. She was taken in September last year while staying at the Kiwayu Safari Village near the Kenya Somali border.

"I'm very relieved to have been released. Seven months is a long time and under the circumstances, with my husband passing away, made it harder.

I'm looking forward to seeing my son who successfully secured my release, I don't know how he did it, but he did." – Judith Tebbutt on her release.

It is understood that her family paid a ransom for her release.

Somaliland is now officially in the fight against piracy in the Indian Ocean and Gulf of Aden after president Silanyo signed two laws, writes Somaliland Sun.

President Silanyo formally legitimized the country's war on piracy after he signed two laws pertinent to Anti-piracy and pirate exchange.

A presidential decree # JSL/M/XERM/249-988/032012 stated that President Silanyo has officially signed Piracy law # Xeer Lr. 52/2012 thus legitimizing Somaliland's participation in the international concerted war on Piracy.

The same decree also divulged that pirates exchange has been legitimized after the president signed law # Xeer Lr. 53/2012. This formally allows Somaliland to receive pirates sentenced in other countries for imprisonment in its prisons. Read more.

The Republic of Seychelles this month accepted and agreed to try 15 suspected Somali pirates who were detained after they had seized an Iranian fishing boat - Voice of America.

Since armed criminal gangs began attacking and hijacking ships in great numbers off the Horn of Africa more than four years ago, the United States has banded together with dozens of nations to combat piracy. International Naval patrols are safeguarding the shipping lanes of the Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea, and Indian Ocean, which are among the busiest in the world, while the United States is working with a broad range of diplomatic partners to stem piracy originating from northeastern Somalia.

With the capture of those suspected of such attacks at sea, the United States has also worked with regional and affected states to find an appropriate venue for prosecution of the suspects. As a result of this cooperation, more than 20 countries have joined in the effort to bring pirates to justice.

In the latest example of such cooperation, the Republic of Seychelles this month accepted and agreed to try 15 suspected Somali pirates who were detained by U.S. Navy personnel in January after they had seized an Iranian fishing boat, the Al Molai, and held its 13-member crew hostage for more than a month. Several pirates in this group also attempted to attack a cargo ship, MV Sunshine, that same day. Read more.

The first international trial of Somali pirates starts Friday in the Italian capital. 9 pirates shall be standing trial, accused of seizing on October 10 last year in Gulf of Aden a merchant ship "Montecristo." - The Voice of America

The cargo vessel with 23 crew members - citizens of Italy, India and Ukraine - was released a week later as a result of an operation by British naval commandos.

15 people were arrested - 13 Somalis, including four juveniles and two Pakistanis. All of them were taken to Rome, where at the decision of the preliminary investigation, the Pakistanis were released. The case of the Somali minors was transferred to a special court.

Prosecutors have filed charges of seizure and damage to a vessel of a foreign state, illegal possession of weapons. Also, the prosecution argues that the pirate activity was aimed at financing of terrorism.

The attorney of the 6 defendants Douglas Duale will argue that his clients are not pirates, but fishermen, who were also the criminals’ hostages. According to them, the Pakistanis were part of a criminal group. If convicted, the Somalis are facing significant time in prison.

In recent years, there have been increased instances of pirate attacks on international trade vessels in the Indian Ocean, especially off the coast of the Horn of Africa. All ships passing through the dangerous sea routes are accompanied by armed guards.

A boom in recruitment by security firms guarding ships against Somali pirates has caused a stream of troops to leave elite units for lucrative contracts in the private sector -Sky News.

The loss of veterans of wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, particularly corporals and sergeants, "rips the skeleton" from the bodies of units like the Royal Marines and Parachute Regiment, the commander of 3 Commando during the Falklands War, Julian Thompson, has warned.

According to Ministry of Defence figures, 570 Royal Marines and 170 members of 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the Parachute Regiment left the forces between 2009 and 2011.

Even though the figure for the marines includes those who were medically discharged, the rate at which elite soldiers from both units have been leaving is around double the average.

Among the Marines, the MoD admitted, the bulk of those leaving voluntarily were senior privates, corporals and sergeants. These non-commissioned officers lead sections of around eight men, or platoons of around 30. They are responsible for life-and-death tactical decisions during fighting.

No definite data is available on what soldiers do when they leave the services but senior officers have been deeply concerned about the losses of experienced troops to the private security companies for more than a year. Read more.

If you follow maritime news in even the most cursory fashion you're likely aware that, due to attacks by Somali pirates, that private security companies are increasingly involved in protecting commercial shipping against pirates. That in itself is not news, writes David Isenberg for Huffington Post.

But current efforts are still embryonic. Despite the rush of companies into the briny blue to win contracts, the drafting of standards by their use, and the acceptance of at least some governments to their use, the utilization of PSC is still largely the result of an agreement between a maritime shipper and a PSC.

But that is sort of a maritime beggar they neighbor policy. It works okay for the leading shippers who have money to spend on security but not so well for those who don't. It is similar to the old joke about the justice system: "Capital justice is for them who have the capital."

But can PSC do even more? The answer is yes, according to Todd Hutchins, a U.S. naval Surface Warfare Officer. Last year his article "Structuring a Sustainable Letters of Marque Regime: How Commissioning Privateers Can Defeat the Somali Pirates" was published in the California Law Review.

His premise is that piracy is a complex problem that threatens maritime safety and interferes with global commerce. Today, despite costly naval interventions, Somali pirates viciously attack seafarers across expansive stretches of the Indian Ocean. Powerful nations from around the globe have been unsuccessful at stemming the problem because they have focused on capturing and prosecuting a relatively small number of seagoing pirates, while allowing pirate networks to operate with near impunity. To prevent future attacks, an effective and sustainable deterrence regime must be implemented to target the financiers and sophisticated kingpins who lead pirate networks.

What is his solution? In a Back to the Future approach he wants to use a classic solution -- privateers. Read more.

Private security firms are storing their guns aboard floating armories in international waters so ships that want armed anti-piracy guards for East Africa's pirate-infested waters can cut costs and circumvent laws limiting the import and export of weapons, industry officials say, according to AP News.

Companies and legal experts say the operation of the armories is a "legal gray area" because few, if any, governments have laws governing the practice. Some security companies have simply not informed the governments of the flag their ship is flying, industry officials said.

Some members of the private security sector are urging governments and industry leaders to impose standards on the unchecked practice of storing weapons offshore to equip anti-pirate forces off Somalia's coast.

Storing guns on boats offshore really took off as a business last year. Britain — where many of the operators are from — is investigating the legality of the practice, which has received little publicity outside of shipping industry circles.

Floating armories have become a viable business in the wake of increased security practices by the maritime industry, which has struggled for years to combat attacks by Somali pirates. But those in the industry say the standards vary widely.

Governments and industry leaders "need to urgently address standards for floating armories and get flag state approval," said Nick Davis of the Maritime Guard Group "Everything has got to be secured correctly, recorded, bonded, the correct locks, and so on. It's not just a case of find a room, put some weapons in it and everybody chill out."

Some floating armories did not have proper storage for weapons, enough watchmen, or enough space for guards to sleep indoors, forcing them to sleep on deck, he said.

In the absence of applicable laws, he said, "companies are just being economical with the truth." Read more.

The International Association Maritime Security Professionals and the African Maritime Safety and Security Agency (AMSSA) [today] signed an Memorandum of Understanding (MOU), harmonizing their efforts to assist in the development of a safe, sustainable and environmentally sound mairitme transportation system (MTS) in Africa, IAMSPannounced.

IAMSP, through this MOU, gains direct access to a number of AMSSA efforts and initiatives. AMSSA will receive support from IAMSP in its ongoing efforts at levels ranging from the IMO to training at the local level. The MOU has specific provisions allowing the sharing of information, expertise and efforts both on the ground in Africa and at international plenary groups. Read more.

The European Union authorised its navies to strike Somali pirate equipment on land as foreign ministers on Friday beefed up the anti-piracy mission and extended it until December 2014 - AFP.

Foreign ministers meeting in Brussels agreed to extend "the force's area of operations to include Somali coastal territory as well as its territorial and internal waters," said an EU statement.

The new mandate will allow warships or helicopters to fire at fuel barrels, boats, trucks or other equipment stowed away on beaches, an EU official said on condition of anonymity.

"Piracy has caused so much misery to the Somali people and to the crews of ships transiting the area and it is right that we continue to move forward in our efforts," said Rear Admiral Duncan Potts, Atalanta's operational commander.

EU officials insisted that no ground troops would be deployed and that missiles would be launched from the sea.

"The EU plan is to allow attacks on land installations when ships are assaulted at sea," Spanish Foreign Minister Jose Manuel Garcia-Margallo told reporters, adding that "much care" would be taken to avoid civilian deaths.

Spain and Germany had voiced reservations about allowing strikes on pirate lairs, but they lifted their objections this week. Read more.

NATO agreed Monday to extend its anti-piracy mission off the coast of Somalia until the end of 2014, stressing that foreign navies are helping to reduce the number of hijackings, AFP reported - Focus Information Agency.

Operation Ocean Shield, which currently has four warships at sea, has patrolled the Horn of Africa, acted to disrupt armed robberies on the high seas and escorted UN ships bringing aid to Mogadishu since 2008.

The international efforts are "making a difference, with the number of successful pirate hijacking down significantly in 2012," NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen wrote on Twitter.

"Our message to the pirates is clear, your ability to threaten shipping is diminishing and NATO resolve is not going away," he said, announcing that NATO's decision-making body, the North Atlantic Council, extended the mission.

The European Union, which has deployed its own counter-piracy operation, will consider this week whether to allow its warships to fire at trucks, supplies, boats and fuel stocked by pirates on the beaches.

NATO, however, has decided to continue limiting its mission to sea operations.

Japan is studying a plan to provide Yemen patrol boats for free to help with efforts to fight piracy off Somalia. Japan's government is considering the transfer as part of official development assistance aimed at building peace, Japan's (NHK WORLD) reportedBahrain News Agency.

Yemen is located across the Gulf of Aden from Somalia. The government plans to send officials to the Middle East nation to discuss the timing of the transfer after the country's security situation becomes stable. The plan to offer patrol boats to Yemen has emerged after Japan effectively eased its ban on exporting arms late last year. The only case in which Japan has so far offered patrol boats to a foreign country was in 2007, when three vessels were given to Indonesia in an exception to the export ban.

The Chief of the South African Navy on Saturday said they had minimised the threat of Somali piracy off the coast of Mozambique, according to Eyewitness News.

The SA Navy signed agreements with Mozambique and Tanzania to protect their coastlines.

However, there are still concerns piracy may spread southwards, with reports that it had already hit the Seychelles.

SA Navy Chief Refiloe Mudimu said they put together a plan under the watchful eye of the Southern African Development Community (Sadec).

“The maritime security strategy deals with the entire Sadec region. Recently we met in Durban, we looked at how we were going to implement the recently approved maritime strategy."

Mudimu said they were keeping the pirates at bay.

“The result of Operation Copper has ensured that Mozambican fishermen can go back to sea to conduct their normal business.”

The Union Minister of Shipping, Shri G.K. Vasan informed the Lok Sabha today in a written reply to a question that no Indian Merchant Ship has been hijacked during the last three years - World Maritime News.

The Minister further stated that the Government has initiated various preventive / mitigating security measures for combating piracy which include the following:

- An Inter-Ministerial Group of Officers (IMGO) has been set up to deal with hostage situation arising out of the hijacking of merchant vessels with Indian crew on board.

- Issuance of Notices by Director General of Shipping detailing elaborate anti-piracy measures (Best Management Practices) including safe house/citadel.

- Banning of sailing vessels to ply in waters south or west of the line joining Salalah and Male vide M.S. Notice 3/2010 dated 31/3/2010.

- Naval escort provided by Indian Naval Ships in Gulf of Aden.

- Enhanced vigil by Indian Navy in Indian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and estward up to 65 degree east longitude.

- Active participation in International Maritime Organization and Contact Group on Piracy off the coast of Somalia (CGPCS) and other international forums.

- Submission of Document 27/9/1 at the IMO Assembly for flag states to provide information on welfare of captive crew, efforts of release and also on continued payment of their wages.

India, China and Japan recently agreed for better coordination among their naval ships deployed for escort of merchant vessels in the piracy-infested Gulf of Aden, the Lok Sabha was informed on Monday - Zee News via Neptune Maritime Security.

In a written reply to a question in the Lower House, Defence Minister A K Antony said, "India, China and Japan have recently agreed for better coordination among their naval ships deployed for escort of merchant vessels in the Gulf of Aden."

Denying that the government has plans to sign pacts with neighbouring countries to counter militant activities and check piracy, Antony said, "Nevertheless, the security and surveillance apparatus for coastal defence has been enhanced over the years."

Strengthening of coastal security apparatus is an ongoing process considering the needs and changing security scenario as well as the threat perception, he added. Read more.

Military and civilian maritime professionals from West Africa, Europe, and the United States have finalized a challenging training agenda for exercise Saharan Express 2012, says Defence Professionals.

Last week’s final planning conference at the Counternarcotics and Maritime Security (COSMAR) interagency operations center culminates previous months of close coordination to plan complex maritime interdiction operation (MIO) scenarios to be executed during the exercise.

"We live in a world that is confronted with many problems like piracy, drug trafficking, terrorism, organized crime," said Colonel Alberto Ferdandes, chief of staff, Cape Verde armed forces. "It's necessary for each of us to find a solution to respond to these problems in an efficient manner, we need to have a communal response and it is important that we are all prepared so we can produce a unified action." Read more.

Now is the time to tighten pressure and work with Somalis when it comes to the piracy occurring in the Horn of Africa, Operation commander of the EU Naval Force Admiral Duncan Potts said on 20 March at a saubcommittee on security and defence - New Europe.

The European Union Naval Force Somalia - Operation ATALANTA - is working closely with Somali authorities, and whatever action it takes must not undermine others coalitions dealing with Somalia piracy, such as NATO.

“We have made good progress at containing piracy,” Potts said. “We must move forward.”

Potts characterised 2011 as a "year of two halves". Up until May, 28 vessels had been pirated, but throughout the second half of the year, only three vessels fell victim. Today, pirates have 213 hostages from eight ships, with mostly children taken hostage.

However, pirates are criminals of opportunity, Potts said. For example, they inadvertently attacked two warships only to find themselves overwhelmed.

European Union defense ministers on Thursday considered pooling their military resources in response to falling defense budgets and a U.S decision to refocus its strategy on regions beyond Europe.

A ministerial meeting on Thursday also reviewed current EU operations, including the naval mission off the Somali coastline, the military training program for Somalia's nascent army, and the peacekeeping operation in Bosnia.

The EU's 27 governments still spend about €200 billion ($265 billion) on defense annually — only the United States spends more. But the fragmentation of military commands and defense industries has made it almost impossible to achieve economies of scale in purchasing military equipment.

Military spending, which has already shrunk 15 percent in the past decade, is set to plunge further as part of the austerity measures implemented by many European governments to cope with the continent's debt crisis.

Complicating matters further for Europe's defense planners, the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama has announced a new military strategy that includes a shift away from the Cold War-era focus on Europe. Instead, U.S. military capabilities will in the future concentrate on Asian security risks such as China and North Korea, and build on partnerships in the Middle East to keep an eye on Iran.

Officials said the EU defense ministers were expected to approve recommendations prepared by the EU's European Defense Agency on joint initiatives in areas such as air-to-air refueling, medical units and logistic support. Read more.

Johnny Depp has a lot to answer for. The "mockney" drawl, the swagger and the healthy disdain for maritime authorities he perfected as Captain Jack Sparrow lent a cachet to piracy that had eluded the profession for centuries - The National.

Don't get me wrong, pirates have always been cool, but not Johnny Depp cool. It is surely no coincidence then that from 2003, when the first Pirates of The Caribbean movie hit the big screen, the incidence of piracy in the Gulf of Aden began to chart a swift northerly course.

More recently, the prolonged global economic downturn has dispensed with many of the other employment opportunities for Somali men living by the coast - not that there were that many prospects in the first place - further adding to the allure of the pirate's trade.

You can make a good living as a Somali pirate.

According to the latest data, the average annual earnings for your modern day buccaneer range from US$33,000 (Dh121,000) to $79,000 a year. That's an almost identical salary spread as for elementary schoolteachers in New York City, according tosalary.com.

And having lived a block away from a New York City elementary school I would venture that Gulf of Aden pirate is probably a far safer career option.

What is more, given the comparable cost of living in Somalia, such a salary would afford any pirate a lifestyle far beyond the reach of the staff at Public School 151. In Somali society the pirate's buying power would be more akin to a Wall Street banker or an Upper East Side dentist.

The average annual earnings for non-pirate workers on the Somali coast, such as fishermen or animal herders, run at just $500 a year, which gives you an idea of just how much a pirate is really worth.

With such a boom in boarding ships it is no surprise that potential lifetime earnings for your average pirate are also pretty high. The latest data show that a pirate can expect to earn $168,000 to $394,000 over his working life, which means the average length of a career from day one to retirement for a pirate is just a little more than five years. That's certainly preferable to the 30 to 40 years most of us spend behind a desk. Read more.

The release of Judith Tebbutt may be fantastic news for her friends and family, but it sheds awkward light on the government's attitude towards paying ransoms for hostages, says The Guardian.

The official line is: don't do it.

Last month, David Cameron reinforced this position during the London Conference on Somalia, telling delegates during his keynote address that it was time to bring the practice to an end.

"Let's create an international taskforce on ransoms," he said. "And let's set the ultimate ambition of stopping these payments because in the end they only ensure that crime pays."

The unspoken truth is these payments are so ingrained into the business of piracy, it will be difficult to stop them in the short term. Read more.

Two youths from Kerala are suspected to be among the 22 sailors held captive by Somalian pirates on board a UAE chemical oil tanker, MT Royal Grace, on March 2, comments Deccan Chronicle.

The two are Dipin Devis, 22, of Erangattu Parambil at Mapranam and Stalin Vincent, 21, of Mangalath in Thelappilly near Irinjalakkuda in Thrissur. The parents of the sailors have filed a complaint with the state administration.

“We came to know about this incident from his friends,” said Ms Shaija, mother of Dipin. “My son’s friends told me that the ship was hijacked by pirates. When contacted, the shipping company

refused to say anything,” she said.

It was Dipin’s first trip on board the ship. After completing his G.P writing course successfully, he went to Dubai on January 29, and joined the Oasis cargo and shipping company there with the help of an agent in Kochi.

“He used to call us at least once in a week” says Shaija. “His last call was on February 28, when he was leaving for Nigeria and said he would call us after 45 days. I hope my son is safe,” Shyja says.

Alastair Evitt, President of InterManager and Managing Director of Meridian Marine Management Ltd, has been appointed chairman of the Save Our Seafarers campaign -Shiptalk.

Mr Evitt, who was previously SOS vice chairman, succeeds Giles Heimann who is stepping down to concentrate on his role as Secretary General of the International Maritime Employers’ Committee Ltd

Save Our Seafarers (SOS) was launched in March 2011. It is calling for unified action to raise awareness of the human and economic cost of Somali piracy, and for greater political will to be shown by governments in their actions on this critical issue. The internationally important campaign has gained support across more than 190 countries worldwide.

Through its internationally-recognised website, SOS provides up to date information and resources which highlight the effect of international pirate activity on the shipping industry, particularly the world’s seafarers who risk robbery, captivity and even death. Read more.

Nautilus International has warned that seafarers will pay with their lives if governments outlaw the payment of ransoms to pirates.

General secretary Mark Dickinson has written to prime minister David Cameron expressing concern about plans to create an international taskforce ‘to discourage the payment of ransoms to pirates and other groups to eliminate the profit motive and prevent the illicit flow of money and its corrosive effects’.

Nautilus fears that any attempt to make the payment of ransoms illegal would jeopardise the safety of seafarers held captive.

The taskforce was announced by the PM during a recent international conference on Somalia. The government says the task force will bring together experts from across the world to better understand the ransom business cycle and how to break it.

But the Union is concerned at signs of a concerted attempt by the UK and the US to prevent ransoms from being paid. Mr Dickinson said owners had no option but to pay to ensure the safe return of seafarers.

‘To consider that ransom payments should be prohibited or discouraged is deplorable – seafarers will pay with their lives and shipping companies will pay on their balance sheets,’ he added. ‘At no stage has any minister provided us with the requested assurances or information on what the alternative to non-payment of ransoms would be.’

A Briton seized in a raid in Kenya, in which her husband was killed, has been freed after six months held in Somalia - BBC News.

Judith Tebbutt, 56, from Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, was flown to Nairobi after her family paid the pirates a ransom for her release.

She said she was "very relieved" to be free and looking forward to seeing her "fantastic" son Oliver.

Her husband David, 58, was shot by a gang of six men at their remote holiday resort in Kiwayu, north of Lamu island.

Mrs Tebbutt, a social worker, who is believed to be deaf and was wearing a double hearing aid, said: "I'm very relieved to have been released. Seven months is a long time. Under the circumstances, with my husband passing away, it made it harder.

Martin Plau, BBC World Service Africa Editor states, There will be enormous relief at the release of Judith Tebbutt after her terrible ordeal.

Her family were able to raise a ransom to pay for her freedom. But this should not obscure the fact that some 230 people are still being held in Somalia - most by pirates.

The majority will have been captured from merchant vessels and many are from third world countries and receive almost no publicity.

Others, like the South African couple, Bruno Pelizzari and Debbie Calitz, were captured by pirates in October 2010 and could not afford the $4m being asked for their release.

Some hostages have been freed by US special forces - but these operations can go badly wrong.

Attempts to rescue a British and Italian hostage in Nigeria earlier this month ended with both being killed.

Rick Blears of Save Our Seafarers, the global anti-Somali piracy campaign, said that "any move at government level to ban the payment of ransoms to pirates, as US Secretary of State Hilary Clinton proposes, would have a massively detrimental effect and put the lives of hostages at grave risk". Read more.
In the Daily Mail, a senior Conservative MP has criticised Judith Tebbutt’s family for paying a ransom to Somali pirates for her release.

Former shadow home secretary David Davis said the £600,000 payment would encourage kidnappers.

‘I feel great pain and agony for the family involved,’ he said. ‘But when you pay a ransom, you get one person back, but you hold up the prospect of another ten being kidnapped later.’ Read more.

The Department of Foreign Affiars (DFA) said Philippine officials are working for the safe release of three Filipino sailors who were abducted by Yemeni tribesmen on Tuesday to demand for the release of a jailed colleague - GMA News.

"Our cisis management [team] in Sanaa, Yemen is getting in touch with Yemen authorities (Ministry of Foreign affairs, Ministry of Interior and Maritime Security) Philippine honorary consul in Marib, their employer, and Filipino leaders to verify the report and ascertain their identities," DFA spokesman Raul Hernandez said in a text message on Friday.

"Our team will meet with concerned government officials to ensure the safe and early release of the hostages," he added.

A report of the news site Khaleej Times on Thursday said the sailors were seized as they were about to embark on their ship at a port in the far-eastern province of Mahrah.

The kidnappers, who belong to the Bani Jabr tribe, demanded the “release of one of their own, who is in prison in Sanaa for a serious criminal offense,” the interior ministry of Yemen said.

No details were provided yet about the identity of the sailors nor about the company they are working for.

The report said the Filipinos were forced to travel by land as a sand storm cancelled flights.

The interior ministry said security forces were ordered to “quickly free the hostages and arrest their kidnappers.” Read more.

Listening to social media chatter may help seafarers understand piracy better, says a UK risk consultancy which found itself trending on Twitter recently, writes Nautilus International.

Intelligence director at Rubicon Resolution said paying attention to information in social media chatter as well as other mediums could aid shipping companies and seafarers in the battle on piracy.

The consultancy found itself at the centre of a flurry of activity from global tweeters enthusiastically re-broadcasting the generalised message that pirates can be tracked by their tweets.

Maritime professionals were left bemused, when CNN ran a story - later recommended nearly 600 times - which claimed shipping companies might have a new tool to track bandits as 'pirates like to tweet'. It highlighted the work of the company, which provides risk consultancy across multiple sectors, including the maritime sector.

As on any grapevine - digital or otherwise, it was not quite the whole story. Read more.

Admiral Sir James Burnell-Nugent KCB, CBE, formerly of the Royal Navy and current director of Orchard Leadership, has joined the Oceans Beyond Piracy project as a Senior Fellow. Read more at OCEANUSLive.
Admiral Sir James Burnell-Nugent spent 37 years in the British Royal Navy after achieving a Master’s Degree at Cambridge University in Mathematics and Operational Research. He left the Royal Navy in 2008 having commanded in every rank up to four-star Admiral, concluding his career as as Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet. He was knighted in 2004. He is a graduate of the Greenwich Joint Services Defence College, an alumnus of the UK Cabinet Office Top Management Programme and an Honorary Fellow of Corpus Christi College Cambridge.

Maritime organisations have gleaned a useful insight from their UN maritime regulatory body on the importance of not closing social media channels even in a crisis, commentsNautilus International.

New media officer at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), Karine Langlois (right), said the Costa Concordia grounding showed the normally publicity-shy shipping industry the speed with which the world expected ‘contextualised information’ it could trust from sources other than traditional journalism.

While the IMO could not give an opinion on the cruiseship sinking until the results of the official enquiry were known, it had engaged with its audience by ‘tweeting’ condolences, and providing other relevant updates — such as information on the new Passenger Safety item for the Maritime Safety Committee, announced in February, she said.

Strong digital strategies had enabled it to continue using many types of new media as an opportunity to engage, even in a crisis, said Ms Langlois during a debate on the role of new media for shipping. Read more. [OCEANUSLive attended the debate for shipping on the opportunities and threats in an online information boom which was organised by UK-based global maritime consultancy Blue Comms].

Hijacks:

Gulf of Aden - LATE Report | Armed pirates attacked a Yemen-flagged dhow,Ghazal Howlf, underway enroute from Mukalla to Socotra Island on 2 Mar in position 12:56N - 049:10E, around 95nm South of Mukalla, Yemen, Gulf of Aden. The pirates took six crewmembers hostage and hijacked the dhow to Somalia. Reported via IMB.

Unsuccessful Attacks/Robberies (All regions):

West Africa - LATE Report | One robber armed with a knife boarded an anchored Panama-flagged Offshore Supply ship, Geo Endeavour, at 2030 LT: in position 04:54.0N – 001:42.5W, Takoradi Outer Anchorage, Ghana. A crew member approached the robber from behind and received injuries. The alarm was raised and the crew mustered. Upon hearing the alarm, the robber escaped empty handed. First aid was applied to the injured crewmember. Coast guard and port authorities were informed. Reported (via IMB) 4 Mar.
Gulf of Aden - Singapore-flagged product tanker, MV Trans Catalonia, came under attack at 0626 UTC in position 13:09N - 048:45E, approximately 51nm SSW of Al Mukalla, Yemen. Reported 17 Mar. A skiff was noticed approaching the vessel. The D/O raised the alarm, informed the Master and security team. The Master increased speed, altered course and contacted a warship in the vicinity for assistance. About 5-6 pirates armed with guns and RPG in the skiff closed to 4-5 cables and fired upon the tanker. The onboard armed security team returned fire resulting in the pirates aborting the attack and moving away. A warship dispatched a helicopter to the location. No injuries to crew or damage to the ship. See report.
West Africa - Robbers boarded an anchored Singapore LPG tanker, Maersk Harmony, during heavy rain and inbetween security rounds between 2200-2250 LT: in position 05:13N - 004:02W, Abidjan Anchorage, Ivory Coast. They stole ship stores and escaped. The theft was noticed during the next security round by the duty A/B. Port control and ships in the vicinity informed. Reported (via IMB) 17 Mar.
Somalia Basin - MV attacked by single skiff at 1120 UTC in position 05:47N - 053:50E, approx 240nm off central Somalia coast. The vessel evaded the hijack attempt. The PAG remains operational in the area. Reported (via NSC) 17 Mar.
South China Sea - Three robbers boarded an anchored Liberia-flagged bulk carrier, INA-Lotte, at 2130 LT: in position 01:18S - 116:47E, Balikpapan Inner Anchorage, Indonesia. They broke into the forward store and stole ship stores. Duty A/B and 3/E spotted the robbers and raised the alarm. Upon hearing the alarm, the robbers escaped in their waiting boat. Port authorities informed. Reported (via IMB) 18 Mar.
Somali Basin - About six pirates armed with guns in a skiff chased and fired upon a Liberia-flagged container ship, MSC Anafi, underway at 0255 UTC in position 05:39N - 053:20E. The Master raised the alarm, increased speed and crew mustered in a safe place. The onboard armed security team returned fire resulting in the pirates aborting the attack. No injuries to crew. The PAG remains operational. Initial report (via NSC) 19 Mar.
Gulf of Guinea - Tanker, MT Pluto, reported being chased and boarded by pirates around 1200 GMT, in position 02:56N - 006:13E, approx 90 miles SW of Bonny Island, Nigeria. A brown and white fishing vessel which deployed its FRC (fast rescue craft) with 10 plus armed men. The vessel was looted and bridge communications destroyed. The pirates headed back to the mother ship and then chased another vessel. The pirate mothership turned and increased speed, however the target vessel outran them. Reported (via GCaptain) 22 Mar.
Gulf of Guinea - Armed robbers in two boats chased a Liberia-flagged chemical tanker, Zouzou Tanker, underway at 0825 UTC: in position 02:57.20N - 006:12.45E, around 100nm SW off Bonny Island, Nigeria. Master raised the alarm, sent SSAS alert and instructed the crew to proceeded to the safe room. Nearby US warship responded to the alert and offered assistance. Later the robbers aborted and moved away. All crew reported safe. Reported (via IMB) 22 Mar.
Arabian Sea - MV came under attack by 1 skiff in position 16:58N - 062:48E at 0354 UTC, approximately 310nm SE of Omani coast. The vessel evaded the hijack attempt. The PAG remains operational in the area. Reported (via NSC) 23 Mar.

There are no updated figures for EUNAVFOR. Previous figures state 8 vessels and an estimated 213 hostages held captive (Updated 6 Mar). Somalia Report indicates 289 hostages held from 21 captured vessels with a further 26 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 315 hostages. IMB states 13 vessels and 197 hostages are held, as of 19 March HERE.

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News: NATO Disrupts Suspect Pirates in Gulf of Aden

Mon, 19 Mar 2012 22:34:51 UTC

NATO disrupts suspected pirate group in the Gulf of Aden

NATO Press Release

On 17 March, in the Gulf of Aden, the Turkish Navy Ship (TCG) Giresun, acting as part of NATO’s counter-piracy (Operation OCEAN SHIELD), successfully disrupted a group of pirates suspected of having been involved in the attack of a merchant vessel in the area.

Earlier that day, the NATO warship USS Arleigh Burke had received a distress call from MV Trans Catalonia, which stated that she had been attacked by a skiff with armed pirates on board. According to the distress call, the pirates opened fire but aborted their attack when the merchant vessel’s armed security team returned fire in self-defence.

TCG Giresun then reached the scene and sent its boarding team to investigate the skiff. On completion of this successful disruption, the commander of the NATO counter-piracy task force, Admiral Sinan Tosun declared: “We are happy that NATO was able to prevent another act of piracy and to contribute to safer navigation in the Gulf of Aden”.

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News: Adm Sir James Burnell-Nugent Joins OBP

Mon, 19 Mar 2012 20:36:42 UTC

Admiral Sir James Burnell-Nugent Joins Oceans Beyond Piracy

COLORADO, USA– March 15, 2012– Admiral Sir James Burnell-Nugent KCB, CBE, formerly of the Royal Navy and current director of Orchard Leadership, has joined the Oceans Beyond Piracy project as a Senior Fellow.

Img: pml.ac.uk

Admiral Sir James Burnell-Nugent spent 37 years in the British Royal Navy after achieving a Master’s Degree at Cambridge University in Mathematics and Operational Research. He left the Royal Navy in 2008 having commanded in every rank up to four-star Admiral, concluding his career as as Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet. He was knighted in 2004. He is a graduate of the Greenwich Joint Services Defence College, an alumnus of the UK Cabinet Office Top Management Programme and an Honorary Fellow of Corpus Christi College Cambridge.

“I am excited to welcome Sir James to our organization,” said Marcel Arsenault, Chairman of the One Earth Future Foundation and sponsor of Oceans Beyond Piracy. “His extensive experience in both the Navy and the maritime industry will provide strategic insights into countering maritime piracy.

Admiral Sir James Burnell-Nugent said, “I look forward to continuing my work with Oceans Beyond Piracy. I believe that Oceans Beyond Piracy, as an independent and committed actor, will play a key role in developing a long-term and sustainable solution to maritime piracy.”

Oceans Beyond Piracy (OBP) is a project of One Earth Future Foundation (OEF). OEF is a private foundation located near Denver, Colorado in the United States, which is committed to multi-stakeholder initiatives to resolve issues related to conflict. OBP encourages close cooperation across the international maritime community to develop long-term, sustainable solutions to piracy. More information can found at: www.oceansbeyondpiracy.org

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Weekly Piracy Report

Mon, 19 Mar 2012 09:01:51 UTC

10 - 16 March 2012

Numbers game: Focus on the figures relating to the reduction of piracy raises a few eyebrows. Pirates attack Somali police commander. Reformed pirate tells his tale. Ransom negotiations stall. Ghana Navy arrests tanker stealing oil. EU calls for international rules on the use of armed guards as Egypt updates rules for passage of vessels with armed guards, weapons and ammunition. UK Defence Minister reiterates unity with UAE, whilst US State Department says not enough is being done to fight piracy, but India's efforts impresses the international community. South Africa commits to helping Somalia with hopes of SA hostages being released as a consequence. Yemen's maritime borders face increasing tension with Somalia and Eritrea. Families of MT Ashphalt Venture crew beg for help. Claims by a risk consultancy company that pirates 'like to tweet'.

East Africa

The EU Naval Force on Thursday said that piracy attacks off the coast of Somalia have significantly dropped by more than 68 percent since September last year - Safety4Sea.

EU Force Commander, Rear Admiral Jorge Manso, attributed this reduction to what he called "better cooperation and coordination" of the major three forces tackling piracy off the coast of Somalia-the EU Naval Forces, NATO and some other countries like South Korea, Iran, India and China.

The force commander says there have been 28 pirate attacks since last September, with only four successful hijackings.

He said pre-emptive strikes by naval forces foiled over 20 pirates attacks before they could threaten commercial fleets in the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden. Read more.

Police from Somalia's semi-autonomous region of Galmudug fought with a group of pirates in Glakayo's Mudug region late Saturday, senior officials and pirates confirmed the incident to Somalia Report.

The fighting between Police and pirates began after an armed group of pirates attacked Galmudug's Ant-piracy commander Abdiweli Hirsi Hassan (Farabadane) and his colleagues. Police guards defended the commander and exchanged fire with the pirates, according to the commander.

"They attacked us as I was stepping out of a car and heading towards a hotel. They barred the entrance to the hotel and we were caught unawares. We fled and took cover before fighting back," Commander Abdiweli spoke to Somalia Report on phone.

Commander Abdiweli sustained injuries to his left hand when a shot aimed at him hit the pistol in his grip. The pistol exploded and severed two fingers on his left hand. He confirmed that one pirate was killed in the attack and two of his officers mildly injured. According to the commander, the pirates were heavily armed and had a well armed vehicle at the ready for their escape. They later left the area when the commander and his colleagues sought reinforcements. Read more.

The Islamic Republic of Iran's Navy has thwarted an attempt by the pirates to hijack an Iranian oil tanker in the vicinity of the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia - Press TV.

Iranian warships rushed to help the ‘Hatef’ tanker, which was attacked by pirates at the entrance of the Gulf of Aden, allowing it to safely pass through the danger zone.

The tanker, sailing from Iran’s Khark Island to the Suez Canal, was attacked twice before the Iranian navy forced the pirate boats flee from the area.

Somalia piracy has been an international threat since 2008, and many international business ships have been hijacked by Somali pirates with huge ransoms demanded. Pirate activities were increasing until several nations communities declared war against the pirates, as a result of which, many warships were sent into Somalia's waters. The Somali areas most affected include Galmudug state, which launched a fight against pirates in its region, and in the process Somalia Report took an opportunity to interview Galmudug military commander Abdiweli Hassan Hersi. Read the full interview on anti-piracy, the policy for the detention of pirates and the Al Shabaab/Pirates link HERE.

Youth are a largely curious and impressionable lot who are prone towards the more dramatic and popular occupations and lifestyles. Many young men in Somalia would be very happy to be called a pirate, a Mujaheed or a militiaman, says Somalia Report. These titles portray power, influence and most importantly spread fear. He may find it difficult to tell you what exactly he seeks to achieve through his heartfelt struggles and initiatives. These social groups constantly draw their strength from an endless supply of youthful recruits. Within Somalia's poverty and battle ridden boundaries, a generation of youth who only understand the language of violence have emerged to claim these seemingly coveted and powerful roles in society.

Somalia Report interviewed Ibrahim Farah Osman, 26, who was once a pirate and is now reformed. He lives in Kakuma refugee camp, in Northern Kenya.

Life was completely different. I was a pirate for a short time between 2009 and 2010. I neglected myself and my family at large. I behaved irresponsibly and I admit it was not good. As a pirate, I was constantly exposed to dangers which I narrowly escaped. I once survived imminent death when we were attacked and a colleague of mine was shot dead. It happened so fast and when we least expected an attack. In summary, it was a dog's life and I dislike who and what I was then. Read full interview HERE.

A recent attack, reported last week in OCEANUSLive Weekly Piracy Report, in the Gulf of Aden where the Bahamas-flagged oil products tanker, Advance Victoria, came under attack by 1 skiff at 0519 UTC March 6, in position 14:20N - 052:45E. The attacking skiff was described as wooden and dark in colour. Stated that shots were fired by the chasing pirates, however, embarked armed security on board fired a single shot resulting in the skiff aborting the attack. Sources later reported that there was also a mothership which had released the skiff which headed directly towards the Advance Victoria. It had 6 armed personnel onboard with automatic weapons, which they used but no rounds hit the vessel due to the excessive range. The mothership had a dark stripe along the top 1/3 of its sides. The lower half was white. The small skiff had a rounded front and was dark in colour and able to travel in excess of 25knts. The MV had carried out all the precautions as per BMP4 and, therefore, managed to deter the pirates. A nearby NATO warship was informed of the encounter as well as other Merchant Vessels in the area. After the incident, another vessel was heard on VHF CH16 under distress further to the east ofAdvance Victoria's position in the vicinity of Point B of the Internationally Recommended Transit Corridor. However, that incident was not reported, demonstrating the difficulty reporting authorities meet in establishing situational awareness to enhance safety in the region.

West Africa

The Ghanaian authorities have arrested an oil tanker- MV Madina allegedly conveying stolen crude oil from Nigeria, the Ghana Navy has said, reports Safety4Sea.

MV Madina was detained on Thursday at the Salt Pond Offshore Producing Company Limited (SPOCL), as it attempted to discharge hijacked crude oil from Nigeria into another vessel at the SPOCL. The Director of Public Relations of the Ghana Armed Forces, Colonel M'Bawine Atintande told journalists that guards have been deplored to secure the vessels at the oil fields.

The force image maker disclosed that the arrested ship would be entrusted to the ports authorities and the perpetrators shall face the wrath of the law.

MV Madina was hijacked while the vessel was in the process of lifting crude oil from a marginal oil producing field in Nigeria into a larger vessel, MV North Wind Grace. The captain and his crew absconded with the vessel.

Consequently, the owners of the vessel alerted the Benin and Ghana security and subsequently traced the ship to Ghana.

The Chief Executive Officer of Salt Pond Offshore Producing Company limited (SPOCL), Mr. Quincy Sintim Aboagye confirmed the incidence.

According to him, he received information about the hijacked crude from the owners ofMV Madina and promptly swung into action in order to foil the escape of the ship and the crew on board.

Two of the four newly commissioned Ghana Navy vessels have arrested a foreign Vessel, Merchant Tanker, Madina - My Joy Online.

The vessel loaded with fuel is reported to have been stolen from Nigeria.

The Ghana Navy received hint from its Nigerian counterparts about the vessel and zoomed in to make the arrest.

Director of Public Relations at the Ghana Armed Forces, Colonel M’Bawine Atintande told Joy News the vessel, MT Madina was arrested on Thursday at the Saltpond oil fields where it was transferring fuel to another vessel.

He said they will hand over the ship to the port authorities and legal action will be taken against the perpetrators by the appropriate authorities.

He said armed guards have been placed on alert at the oil fields to protect the vessels.

Image - My Joy Online.

Ransom negotiations for the hijacked Panama-flagged MV Leila were suspended after the Somali pirates holding the ship refused to accept the request of the company whose goods are on the vessel to release the ship without condition, reports Somalia Report.

Al-Istiqraar, which has rice, sugar and other commodities on board, said pirates demanded $2 million for the vessel and her crew of 24. In turn, the company refused and demanded MV Leila to be released immediately. The pirates refused, saying it has cost them a lot of money to run the operation and they need to be compensated for their investment, according to a representative for the ship.

Abdirisaaq Ali Mohamed, an agent for the Al-Istiqraar, told Somalia Report they suspended the talks with the pirates.

"This is unacceptable. We will not pay any ransom our own goods," said Mr. Abdirisaq. "Since the vessel is being held off the semi-autonomous region of Puntland, we referred the issue to Puntland President Abdirahman Farole and we are waiting for his response."Read more.

Convoys of ships with armed escorts could soon be operating in waters infested by Somalian pirates if a planned $70million (£45million) fundraising scheme succeeds, reports This is Money (Daily Mail).

The Convoy Escort Programme – a proposal from insurance broking group Jardine Lloyd Thompson – aims to raise the sum over the next month in order to equip a fleet of up to 18 vessels to escort convoys of about four ships at a time through the highly dangerous Gulf of Aden and across the Indian Ocean.

The original intention was to get government or European Union funding for the programme, but when this did not materialise organisers decided to raise the money privately with the aim of forming a profit-making business.

Angus Campbell, chief executive of the CEP, said: ‘It is at a very active stage. We’ve done a lot of groundwork so we are ready when we raise the funds.’ He added: We hope to begin operations in the second half of this year.’

The CEP will buy insurance and use the cover to provide a guarantee to ship owners wishing to travel in convoys under its protection. Read more.

Internal Security Assistant minister Orwa Ojode yesterday told Parliament that the six police officers held in Comoros were on official duty. Ojode said the government has been in touch with the Comoros Foreign Affairs minister who assured that the officers were to be released by end of yesterday - AllAfrica.

The minister said the officers had been dispatched to provide security to a vessel that was transporting construction materials to Tanga. He said the Kenya Marine Ltd applied to be provided with private security for fear of pirates. He said the company applied for the security on February 12 and it was approved a day later. The minister said the company paid Sh57,600 and were provided with the six officers. Ojode told MPs that as the ship was heading to Tanga, it was accosted by Comoros authorities and due to language barrier, all those on board were arrested including the police officers.

He said the captain of the ship could not adequately communicate with the Comoros security officers when he was told to explain who was on board and what was being shipped. Ojode further said securing the release of the officers has been delayed by language barrier. "There has been a language barrier because those people speak French and French alone," said Ojode.

Ojode was responding to a question by Kamukunji MP Yusuf Hassan who sought to know if the minister was aware of the detention of the six Kenyan police officers by the Comorian authorities on February 25. He also sought to know under what circumstances the officers ended up on aboard the MV Squirrel and subsequently thousands of miles into Comorian territorial waters. Read more.

Following the incident of Italian marines onboard an oil tanker shooting dead two local fishermen off Kerala coast, the Directorate General of Shipping here has issued a notice, saying that merchant vessels should report the presence of armed guards to the Navy or the Coast Guard - Zee News.

"All merchant ships are advised to report the presence of armed guards on board to Indian Navy or Indian Coast Guard," says the notice, signed by Captain Harish Khatri, Deputy Director General of Shipping, and issued on March 7.

It also advises vessels to exercise extreme caution when approaching within 50 nautical miles of Indian coast. Read more.

The European Union called on Tuesday for international rules on the use of armed guards aboard ships amid a diplomatic spat between Italy and India over two Italian marines jailed in the south Asian country - Safety4Sea.

EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton discussed the issue with Italian Prime Minister Mario Monti in Brussels after the two oil tanker guards allegedly killed two Indian fishermen they mistook for pirates last month."She underlined the need to put this incident into the broader context of international co-operation on counter-piracy and more specifically on the issue of regulating the protection aboard ships," her office said in a statement.

Several nations have allowed shipping companies to hire armed guards to protect their ships sailing through pirate-infested waters off the Horn of Africa, stirring a debate about their use.The two Italian marines, Massimiliano Latorre and Salvatore Girone, have been imprisoned in India's southern state of Kerala pending a murder investigation despite pressure from Italy for them to be handed over to Rome for prosecution.

Italy argues India does not have jurisdiction in the case as it involved an Italian-flagged vessel and occurred in international waters near India. Read more.

The West England P&I Club has been advised by Eldib Pandi, Alexandria of a further change in the requirements governing the carriage of weapons, ammunition and armed guards on vessels within Egyptian waters.

Following a recent Egyptian Ministry of Defence conference to discuss this issue, agents are now required to make a declaration 48 hours prior to arrival in the case of vessels which are due to call at Egyptian ports or transit the Suez Canal and have weapons, ammunition or armed guards on board. The agents are required to provide the Port Police, Military Intelligence, Coast Guard and Customs with a copy of the declaration. Also the Suez Canal Authority or the Port Authority, as applicable. The declaration shall include the following information:

Details of the weapons / ammunition on board including the number of weapons, their calibre and serial numbers as well as the quantity of ammunition
The nationalities of security personnel (armed guards)
Confirmation that the weapons and ammunition will be placed in a sealed box

If a vessel does not have weapons, ammunition and armed guards on board, the agent may require the Master to sign and stamp a form or statement to this effect.

The additional regulatory requirements as referred to in our earlier news article dated 22 February 2012 are also to be followed, and an updated free translation is reproduced for guidance HERE.

A major source of training for the Chinese Navy is the anti-piracy patrol off Somalia, where an international force keeps Somali pirates from interfering with shipping passing through the area. China has been participating in this operation since 2008. Each Chinese "naval escort task force" consists of one or two destroyers or frigates and one or two supply ships. The 11th such task force is now on its way to the Somali coast, and consists of a destroyer, a frigate and a supply ship. About 800 sailors are involved, 70 of the special operations personnel. Each task force spends four months off the Somali coast. This particular task force is the first from the North China Sea fleet. The other task forces have been drawn from the other two fleets (The East Sea and The South Sea) -Strategy Page.

Service in the Somali task forces is eagerly sought after because it is the most intensive and extensive available. The task force gets practice in long distance cruises (Somalia is 10,000 kilometers distant, and it takes two weeks to get there) and combat operations. Granted, the enemy rarely fires back, and is hard to find. But the crews get valuable experience in operating on the high seas and searching for an elusive foe.

There are 74 destroyers and frigates in the Chinese Navy, and it will take another 4-5 years for all of these ships to have an opportunity to serve off Somalia. But the important thing is that thousands of sailors have served on the task force, and they eventually spread throughout the fleet, providing a higher degree of skill and experience on the high seas. Read more.

Somali Embassy in Brussels, the capital of Belgium has officially been reopened and started holding services for Somali people in Europe countries, official said - Horn of Africa News.

Somali ambassador for the European Union, Nor Hassan Hussein ‘Nor Adde’ confirmed to the National T.V the reopening of the Somali Embassy in Belgium saying that it started holding diplomatic services.

Nor Adde, the ambassador said, “The reopening of the embassy came after we did a lot of efforts as it was very necessary for Somali communities in European and they are the beneficiaries’.

Mr. Nor Adde indicated that there were some matters to be handled quickly in order Somali communities in European countries’ needs covered.

Nor Hassan Hussein was appointed to the ambassador of Italy and representative of European Union for Somali transitional federal government in 2009.

On my first official visit to the United Arab Emirates this week as Britain's Defence Secretary, I look forward to deepening and strengthening relations between our two countries, writes The National. The last Conservative government in Britain strengthened the relationship between us with the Defence Cooperation Accord of 1996, which set arrangements for our shared security and defence interests, one of Britain's largest defence commitments outside of NATO.

The current UK coalition government has committed itself to a process of reinvigorating that relationship and building upon it. My visit today is part of a determined effort to deepen and strengthen our ties.

Our two nations have many strategic interests that coincide - from commerce to regional security and from trade to diplomacy. The UAE is a trusted friend and a strong partner of the UK, with our countries working together in all of these areas, but first and foremost in diplomacy and security.

The UAE and the UK, as seafaring nations, both rely on free passage of trade to grow and maintain our economies. As major communications and logistics hubs, we both depend on unhindered freedom of movement in international waters.

In particular, the ability to sail safely in the waters around the UAE is crucial and the UK has been committed to helping to preserve peace in the region with a continuous Royal Navy presence in the Gulf since the 1980s. We will maintain that presence in the Gulf to keep sea lanes open and to provide support to our allies such as the UAE. HMS Daring, one of our newest and most formidable Type 45 destroyers, is currently on patrol along with a number of other Royal Navy vessels, including minesweepers.

The threats, of course, are not only close to home. Both nations are engaged in protecting shipping off the Horn of Africa to tackle the scourge of piracy and we worked together in the lead-up to the London Conference on Somalia last month. We are strong supporters of the conference on counter-piracy due to be held in UAE in June. We have to tackle this global challenge together. Read more.

By: James Marcus Bridger for Atlantic Council: One would be hard pressed to find an article analyzing Somali piracy—be it journalistic, academic, or militarily focused—that does not make the claim that this maritime problem can only be solved on land. In the four years that the international community has attempted to address this crisis, however, a coherent and coordinated onshore strategy has yet to emerge. The development of indigenous counter-piracy capacity in the affected states of the East African seaboard has, despite rhetoric to the contrary, received scant attention from donor states. Authorities in the epicentres of Somali piracy—the autonomous states of Puntland and Galmudug—have largely been left to fend for themselves. Mistakenly, the international response to Somali piracy remains blinded by a military-centric focus on naval shows of force.

An American think-tank project, The Oceans Beyond Piracy report, calculated the total annual cost of counter-piracy military operations to be $1.27-billion USD. Using the same methodology, the annual operating cost of NATO’s Operation Ocean Shield has been placed at $293-million, while a figure of $450-million has been given for the EU’s Operation Atalanta. While both of these missions have been extended to the end of 2012, it is unlikely they will be able to continue indefinitely in an age of fiscal austerity and military cutbacks. Economic constraints have already forced the number of ships deployed to Operation Atalanta to fall “below the red line” of a six vessel deployment, according to EU Military Committee chairman, Hakan Syren. NATO was similarly forced to divert naval resources away from the Horn of Africa when they were need for operations off the coast of Libya. There is also the danger that naval efforts may fall victim to their own success: a drop in incidences of piracy may cause a scaled down naval presence, but as the pirate structures onshore would remain intact, the gangs would only have to wait for coalition forces to withdraw before returning to sea.

A sustainable solution to the piracy crisis therefore requires a coordinated strategy tailored to address the root causes that allowed the practice to take hold in Somalia’s pirate-prone states and flourish in the wider region. The explosion of piracy first witnessed in 2008 has been attributed to the decline of local institutions in the autonomous state of Puntland, particularly its inability to pay its once-effective police and coastguard forces. As security in Puntland has improved over the last two years, the piracy nexus has shifted south to the weaker sub-state of Galmudug. Offshore, the pirates have been able to expand the scope of their operations from the mouth of the Red Sea to the Mozambique Channel due to the underdeveloped maritime security capacity of regional states. As piracy expert Martin Murphy notes, effective policing at sea requires “boats well equipped with radar, communications, well trained and honest crews … shore based command and control facilities … reliable intelligence about pirate activity [and] air support and surveillance”, all measures which are prohibitively expensive for the developing states in the region to implement. Read more.

South Africa wants to learn how Oman has been able to protect its coastline, given the threat of piracy in the Mozambican Channel, the Minister of Defence and Military Veterans Lindiwe Sisulu said today after the signing of a defence co-operation memorandum with Oman's Minister of Defence Sayyid bin Saud bin Harib al-Busaidi - AllAfrica.

The Memorandum of Understanding, signed at the Castle in Cape Town on Tuesday, includes an agreement on technical co-operation, an agreement to share lessons around peace-keeping operations and the sale of military hardware to Oman by South Africa.

Sisulu said Oman had vital lessons to share with South Africa around maritime protection and pointed out that both countries were strategically placed on international sea routes between Asia and the rest of the world.

Oman was the first country in the Gulf to acquire military hardware from South Africa, and Sisulu encouraged her counterpart for Oman to continue doing so. Read more.

Piracy off the coast of Somalia has reduced by 40 per cent since the deployment of Kenya forces in the country, spurring tourism growth in the region, reports eTurboNews.

Kenya security officials said exclusive economic zones off the coast were now secure from attacks by Al-Shabaab, a wing of Al-Qaeda, which is suspected to have been behind the grenade attacks at the Machakos Bus Station in Nairobi on Saturday.

The attacks left six dead and 41 injured. At a joint meeting with the Defence and Foreign Relations committee of parliament, ministers George Saitoti (Internal Security), Yusuf Haji (Defence), Moses Wetang’ula (Foreign Affairs), and Chief of Defence Forces General Julius Karangi said Al-Shabab had disrupted the economy through abduction of maritime vessels and tourists.

“By the time we decided to go into Somalia, it was clear that Al-Shabaab was undermining both our security and the economy.

We today can report that the KDF has managed to deal a severe blow to Al-Shabaab.

There has not been any single case of piracy since then,” said Prof Saitoti

He said tourism arrivals at Mombasa port had increased following Kenya Navy patrols along the coastline and deep into the Indian Ocean. Read more.

Image - eTurboNews/Laban Walloga.

Somalia Report responded to the Kenyan Defence claim of reducing piracy by 40 percent, as follows.

In comments to the media following a March 12 joint meeting with the parliamentary committee on Defence and Foreign Relations, Internal Security Minister George Saitoti claimed that piracy off the coast of Somalia had dropped 40% since Kenyan forces entered Somalia last October, with "not... a single case of piracy since then." - Somalia Report.

This is not the first time that Kenyan officials have gotten creative with pirate numbers.

In 2009, Kenyan Foreign Minister Moses Wetangula claimed that pirates had earned $150 million the year prior, a figure roughly five times the reality. His motive for conjuring this number, I can only conjecture, was to draw international attention (and foreign aid dollars) to a problem that Kenya was eminently positioned to combat.

When Senator Mark Kirk (R-IL) embarked on his much touted "pirate tour" of Puntland in April 2011, he first stopped over in Kenya to meet with government officials. The Kenyans' reputations must have preceded them, because Senator Kirk knew where to go for his made up numbers: right to Wetangula, who informed him that that 30% of ransom money (more than $50 million, apparently) was "funneled to the East African Al Qaeda/Al Shabaab Islamic terrorist groups." Read full response HERE.

We live in an era of complex, integrated, and on-demand global supply chains. People in countries around the world depend on secure and reliable shipping lanes for their medicine, their food, their energy, and consumer goods. By preying on commercial ships in one of the world’s busiest shipping lanes, piracy off the Horn of Africa threatens more than just individual ships. Piracy threatens the life blood of the global economy, and therefore global security and stability,says Assistant Secretary, Andrew J Shapiro, US Dept of State.

Piracy is an issue in which the private sector, and the maritime industry in particular, are on the front lines. Commercial shipping vessels provide a constant stream of targets for Somali pirates. Over the years, thousands of crew members have been taken hostage and many in the maritime industry have lost their lives as a result of piracy. I have heard directly from the captains and crews of commercial ships about the harrowing situations they encounter as they transport the goods and merchandise that make the global economy function.

The challenge posed by piracy off the coast of Somalia is immense and represents a major threat to regional security and the global economy. As international action has been taken to address the challenge, the pirates have adapted. Flush from the money made from ransom payments, pirate operations have become more sophisticated. For instance, the use of so-called “mother-ships” has expanded greatly. Mother-ships are themselves pirated ships with hostage crews on board, making attacking or liberating these ships a significant challenge. Mother-ships launch and re-supply groups of pirates who use smaller, faster boats for attacks. They can carry dozens of pirates and tow many skiffs for multiple simultaneous attacks. This has made pirates more effective at operating in seasonal monsoons that previously restricted their activities. This has also extended the pirates’ reach far beyond the Somali Basin. Somali pirates now operate in a total sea space of approximately 2.5 million square nautical miles. To put that in context that’s roughly the size of the continental United States.

Piracy is a threat that this Administration has been working hard to address. In response, we have pursued a multilateral and multi-dimensional approach that focuses on security, deterrence, diplomacy, and prevention. Read Assistant Secretary Andrew J Shapiro full remarks HERE.

U.S. shipping interests, scolded Tuesday by a State Department official for not doing enough to fight Somali pirates, flashed back that they need more Navy protection and must pay ransom demands or nobody will man ships.

At a U.S. Chamber of Commerce forum on the surge in piracy off the Somali coast where 30,000 ships a year pass, the former head of the Pentagon’s Piracy Task Force 151 also chided the top State anti-piracy official for not knowing that cruise ships commonly pass through, comments Washington Examiner.

Andrew Shapiro, assistant secretary of State for political-military affairs, said cruise ships don’t steer near the open waters off Africa’s coast because of the pirate threat. “For the most part, they are not transiting through high-risk areas,” he said, adding that none have been targeted by pirates. But retired Rear Adm. Terence McKnight, the former Task Force 151 boss, said the Queen Mary and many others sail the dangerous waters. “There have been a lot of cruise lines through there,” he said.

McKnight, concerned about proposed Navy budget cuts, also warned against reducing American and international warships patrolling the pirate basin. Without the ships, he said, “pirates will become more aggressive.”

Shapiro was also challenged over his demands that the industry stop paying ransoms and do more to protect ships, including hiring armed security. Mark Martecchini, managing director of Stolt Tankers, said if crews didn’t believe that owners would pay ransoms, they wouldn’t sign up for trips. “I think they would think twice before going,” he said. Read more.

Although some progress has been made in suppressing Somali maritime piracy, the fight continues -- mostly because this lucrative crime gives the pirates the financial ability to adopt more sophisticated technology to terrorize maritime vessels - AllAfrica.

When Somali pirates successfully hijack a commercial vessel, the average ransom is now at $4 million and has reached as much as $12 million, according to Andrew Shapiro, assistant secretary at the U.S. Department of State's Bureau of Political-Military Affairs.

Ransoms paid in 2011 totaled $135 million, Shapiro said at a March 13 event sponsored by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. Moreover, criminal investors interested in the ransom payoffs have added to the financial strength of the Somali piracy enterprise.

"The United States has a long tradition of opposing the payment of ransom," Shapiro said, "and we have worked diligently to discourage or minimize ransoms."

Nonetheless, Somali pirate operations have become flush from the money made from ransom payments and are more sophisticated, Shapiro said. As a result, Somali pirates now operate in a total sea space of approximately 2.5 million square nautical miles. Read more. [OL - No mention is made of the technology purported to be employed].

International shippers are "impressed" with the Indian military's confrontation of the piracy off the coast of Somalia and have expressed the appreciation of the efforts -Economic Times of India.

"We are very grateful to the efforts of the Indian military and their contribution to tackle the Somali piracy is really very impressive. The international shipping community is very pleased with that," Simon Bennett, director of external relations of the London-based International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), said.

He pointed out that piracy off Somalia was currently at the lowest level with about 200 seafarers held in captivity.

"However, this is totally unacceptable," he said. He also called on India to allow the embarkation and disembarkation of armed guards on merchant ships.

"We understand the sensitivities of the issues in India about people with arms and terrorism. But we are sure that working through the international community procedures can be agreed whereby it is possible to embark and disembark armed guards in India," said Bennett, who is here to attend the three-day Asia Pacific Maritime 2012 conference in Singapore which opened yesterday. Read more.

Military and civilian maritime professionals from West Africa, Europe, and the United States finalized a challenging training agenda for exercise Saharan Express 2012, March 14 - Defence Professionals.

This week's final planning conference at the Counternarcotics and Maritime Security (COSMAR) interagency operations center culminates previous months of close coordination to plan complex maritime interdiction operation (MIO) scenarios to be executed later this spring.

"We live in a world that is confronted with many problems like piracy, drug trafficking, terrorism, organized crime," said Col. Alberto Ferdandes, chief of staff, Cape Verde armed forces. "It's necessary for each of us to find a solution to respond to these problems in an efficient manner, we need to have a communal response and it is important that we are all prepared so we can produce a unified action."

Fernandes said he hopes exercise Saharan Express will offer each partner nation the opportunity to work together and establish interoperability in the region. Read more.

With over 2000 km of coastline rich with fish, the Yemeni maritime borders with Somalia and Eritrea have increasingly become a source of tension, comments Yemen Times.

Yemeni fishermen have been increasingly vulnerable to assaults by Somali pirates and Eritrean maritime guards. This has been severely affecting the livelihoods of thousands of Yemeni fishermen since fishing is their main source of income.

Abdullah Ba Sonbol talks here with Mohamed Bin Sallam of the Yemen Times on these issues with more details and insights.

What exactly is the problem between Yemen and Eritrea in the Red Sea particularly?

The basic problem between the Eritreans and us lies in their mistaken interpretation of the international court judgment concerning conventional fishing in shared water. They consider Yemeni fishermen as outsiders when they fish in international or Yemeni water near Yemeni islands, especially the Hanish Island that has been returned to Yemen in accordance with the arbitration verdict. They have not considered it as a historical right of Yemeni fishermen to fish in the water their ancestors have been fishing in for centuries.

The Eritreans say that Yemeni fishermen go too deep into Eritrean water and do not stick to the limits set. Is that true?

This is not the essence of the disagreement. Eritrean fishermen are much fewer than those of Yemen, thus our fishermen catch greater amounts of fish. They [Eritrea] have the right to prevent Yemenis from going deeper than allowed or permitted. However, they attack and provoke our fishermen in the shared water and even in our water, kidnapping and extorting money from them..

This is a unilateral action although in accordance with international arbitration. There are no permits that should be held by Yemeni or Eritrean fishermen working in shared water. The boats of the two sides are known by their size and length.

We've asked the Eritreans to agree with us on a mechanism to organize shared fishing. We were close to doing that, but they hesitated, although we agreed to impose a tax on large fishing dhows and to establish an Eritrean-Yemeni fishing company at 50/50 percentage. However, the company project faltered despite the fact that two meetings were conducted and some significant steps were reached in the process. We blame the Eritrean side because they stalled and stopped the project since 2005 despite our persistence for the good of the two countries.

What about fishing in the vicinity of Socotra Archipelago?

There we face a difficulty with Somalis only. However, there is no problem either in the Arabian Sea or the 200 nautical miles of economic water. We have the right in accordance with the International Convention on the Law of the Sea to fish in an area extending 12 nautical miles in our territorial water. Yemen has full jurisdiction on both the territorial and economic water and we have the right to use the resources there by granting permissions. The 200nm applies in the Arabian Sea except in the case of borders with Somalia where the smaller distance is divided between the two sides according to the International Law of the Sea. Yemen intends now to demarcate maritime borders with Somalia in accordance with the International Law and the only obstruction here is the lack of a central Somali government with which we can deal or agree. Read more.

South Africa has committed to allocate R100 million to the Somali government, which will go towards building adequate institutions of governance in that troubled country - Bua News.

The announcement was made on Tuesday and will see the South African government working with the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) and international partners to ensure that Somalia has adequate institutions of governance that will be sustainable beyond the TFG's mandate - which should ultimately see that country equipped to govern itself.

The R100 million will provide capacity and institution building, socio-economic support, as well as specified training in key government sectors, International Relations and Cooperation Minister Maite Nkoana-Mashabane told the media after her meeting with her Somali counterpart, Abdullahi Haji Hassan, in Pretoria.

The meeting saw the official signing of an agreement for the establishment of diplomatic relations - a move that will coordinate interaction between the two countries. Read more.

Africa's economic powerhouse, South Africa has established diplomatic ties with Somalia and pledged millions to help the troubled Horn of Africa country - The Africa Report.

At a special press conference in Pretoria, the International Relations Minister Maite Nkoana-Mashabane met with her Somali counterpart, Abdullahi Haji Hassan.

The two signed an agreement for the establishment of diplomatic relations and South Africa also committed 100-million rand o help the transitional Somali government build adequate institutions of governance in Somalia.

Analysts say South Africa and Somalia are also hoping to resolve an impasse about the return of two South Africans being held hostage in the country. Bruno Pelizzari and his partner Debbie Calitz are being held by Somali Pirates.

Pirates off the Tanzanian coast confronted Calitz, Pelizzari, and skipper Peter Eldridge in October 2010, while they were sailing from Dar es Salaam to spend Christmas with friends and family in South Africa. Eldridge refused to leave the yacht and escaped, but the pirates forced Pelizzari and Calitz off the vessel. Read more.

A routine transit across the Indian Ocean for MV Asphalt Venture on September 20, 2010 ended in the hijacking and kidnapping of the vessel's 15 crewmembers by Somali pirates. Among the hostages was Litton Daniston Anthony, an Indian national who served as a seafarer aboard the Panama-flagged vessel. In the 17 months since the hijack, his family has spent every spare moment working on securing his release.

On April 28, 2011, seven months after the hijacking, the pirate gang accepted a $3.5 million ransom to release the vessel and crew, however seven of the 15 crewmembers were held back and transferred to land. Anthony was one of the unlucky ones. Pirates toldSomalia Report that these remaining crewmembers would be held until the Indian government releases all Somali pirates being held in custody.

The development marked a major shift in pirate tactics, as previously vessels and crew had been released together upon receipt of ransom. According to an Indian government source, the pirate gang subsequently identified approximately 8-10 of the 150 pirates currently being held in Indian prisons as priorities for release.

In October 2011, pirates released a video showing all seven Indian crew still alive and being held on land, but only two months later pirates said that between October and December, two of the hostages had died while in custody in Harardheere.

In December last year, one of the pirates holding the hostages told Somalia Report, "The second hostage was in serious condition over the last month and he died this week. Now we are holding only five Indian hostages from the crew of MV Asphalt Venture. Two months earlier, another hostage died."

Neither Somalia Report nor the Indian government have been able to confirm whether there is any truth to the pirate claims. Indeed, such statements should not be taken at face value, as pirates frequently report ill health or death on the part of the hostages in order to put pressure on vessel owners and governments, and to speed up negotiations.

Desperate for help, Anthony's family enlisted the support of Seafarer's Trust and Charitable Trust, which has been working diligently to secure the release of the remaining Indian hostages. Seafarer's Trust has, in turn, contacted Somalia Report to help publicize the plight of the remaining hostages. Read more.

Image - Somalia Report

Nato navies operating off the coast of Somalia have warned of a recent increase in maritime piracy. I decided to experience first-hand what seafarers go through, reports BBC's Security Correspondent, Frank Gardner - BBC News.

I joined them not on a warship - which pirates avoid - but on a merchant tanker, the 112,000-tonne MT Sea Legend, carrying 90,000 tonnes of gas oil from the Gulf of Oman, through the Gulf of Aden between Yemen and Somalia, past the Bab al-Mandab Strait and up the Red Sea to Suez.

It is a 2,628-mile, 8-day voyage that sailors call "the route of fear".

Several ships have been approached and attacked in the past few days. More than 100 sailors are still being held to ransom on the Somali coast.

Yet close to 20,000 ships sail through the critical choke point at the bottom of the Red Sea every year, carrying vital trade.

The ship I joined is one of an increasing number using armed security teams onboard, this one provided by the Dorset-based company Neptune Maritime Security.

Within 24 hours of leaving port in Oman they have set up a sentry roster, ordered extra coils of razor wire to be strung out along the deck, and test-fired their high-powered rifles from the balconies next to the bridge. Read more.

Shipping companies may have found a new tool to fight piracy: It turns out, pirates like to tweet - CNN.

Not only that, Somali-based pirates blog and are on Facebook, security experts say. And it is through social media that shipping companies are increasing their understanding of how they operate.

"Somalia is a very sophisticated economy, it has one of the best mobile phone communication systems in the world," said Jessica Lincoln, director of intelligence at Rubicon Resolution, a risk consultancy.

Lincoln follows pirates' activities using what she describes as "normal" web tools. She gathers whatever individuals and organizations like al-Qaeda's Somali affiliate Al-Shabaab post online about attacks. The insurgent organization runs a Twitter account where it publicizes its activities. The Al-Shabaab Twitter account has been a part of the debate over whether terrorist organizations should be allowed to use Twitter.

Twitter does not take responsibility for the accuracy and appropriateness of user content in its terms of service.

Another source for her is the Kenyan army, which Lincoln describes as fully engaged in online exchanges with Al-Shabaab. Read more (includes video).
[OL - considered not exactly groundbreaking news. Al Shabaab have used Twitter in a words of words against the Kenya operations in Somalia. It is no more than most users of Twitter are aware. Individual pirates tweeting their account of a piracy incident has yet to occur].

Hijacks:

Arabian Sea - Indian dhow Ramban with 15 Indian crew was reported hijacked in position 13:12N - 054:51E, NE of Socotra Island, at approx 0500 10 Mar. UPDATE: Vessel was stated as safe at her home port of Porbandar, India. The ship owner confirmed that the ship was not hijacked. The Regulating Directorate General of Shipping office in India, have suggested that a vessel sharing the name Rambanwas hijacked by pirates. Sources have indicated that the dhow has been freed by coalition forces and is safe off the Omani coast.

Unsuccessful Attacks (All regions):

South China Sea - LATE report - Whilst a Malaysia tug boat, Kimitrans Laut, was towing a barge Toll 3310 from Singapore to Pasir Gudang (Malaysia) at 1250 LT in position 01:14.23N - 104:02.59E, eight small boats came alongside the barge. An unknown number of robbers boarded the barge and escaped with some scrap iron. A few boats continued to be in the vicinity of the tug boat. The crew on the tug boat maintained good anti-piracy watch and continued her voyage to Pasir Gudang. No crew injuries occurred. POCC Singapore and MSTF Malaysia informed. Reported 29 Feb.
Red Sea - One skiff approached and chased an Iranian oil tanker, Hatef, underway at 0800 UTC: in position 12:32.5N – 043:26.8E. The Master raised the alarm, activated anti-piracy measures and contacted an Iranian warship for assistance. Seeing the warship, the pirates aborted the attempted attack. Initial report (via IMB) 10 Mar.
Arabian Sea - Five pirates in a skiff doing 22 knots chased and fired upon a Denmark-flagged container ship, Estelle Maersk, underway at 21 knots at 0715 UTC in position 13:09N - 057:56E, approximately 210nm ENE of Socotra Island. The pirates closed to the port quarter of the vessel and fired a RPG towards the bridge. The Master increased the speed, enforced anti-piracy measures and crew mustered in safe area. After chasing for about 20 minutes, the pirates aborted the attack and moved away. Initial report (via IMB) 11 Mar.
South China Sea - Two robbers in a fishing boat boarded an anchored Singapore bulk carrier, Ocean Amazing, during heavy rain at 0130 LT: in position 06:01S - 106:53E, Tanjung Priok Outer Anchorage, Indonesia. They entered the engine store room. The duty oiler, on routine rounds, spotted the robbers and raised the alarm. Upon hearing the alarm, the robbers escaped with the stolen ship property. Port control informed. Initial report (via IMB) 11 Mar.
West Africa - Ten robbers in two boats boarded an anchored Philippines-flagged Refrigerated Cargo Ship, Season Trader, at 0110 UTC: in position 05:51.95S - 013:03.11E, Boma Anchorage, Dem. Rep. Congo. They took duty A/B as hostage and attempted to enter the forward cargo hold by breaking the entrance hatch seal. Robbers escaped after 30 minutes with ship cargo and stores. The hostage A/B was slightly injured after being kicked in the back. Port control called but no reply received. Reported (via IMB) 14 Mar.

EUNAVFOR figures state 8 vessels and an estimated 213 hostages held captive (Updated 6 Mar). Somalia Report indicates 289 hostages held from 21 captured vessels with a further 26 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 315 hostages. UKMTO states 12 vessels and 233 hostages held.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity (Click on Map for Larger View)

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Any suspicious activity should be reported to UKMTO in Dubai in the first instance (Email UKMTO or Telephone+971 50 552 3215) and on entering the UKMTO Voluntary Reporting Area (VRA) bound by Suez, 78E and 10S.

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Oil Tanker Weapons Seized by UK Border Force

Sat, 17 Mar 2012 13:31:48 UTC

Guns seized from oil tanker docked at Milford Haven

Source: BBC News

The tanker's crew failed to declare there were firearms on board

Three shotguns and ammunition have been seized from the crew of an an oil tanker which docked in Milford Haven.

Officers from the Border Force boarded the Panamanian-registered ship for a routine search.

Members of the Chinese and South Korean crew told them the weapons were being carried as self-defence against pirates in the Indian Ocean.

But the Border Force is warning all ships entering UK waters they must declare any firearms on board.

The weapons were seized as the crew had failed to do so and because they had not been stored properly.

Alex Lawther, assistant director for Border Force in Wales, said: "Even if crews are carrying firearms for legitimate reasons, they must declare them to our officers when they arrive in UK waters and they must store them properly on board ship.

"As well as seizing drugs and illegally-smuggled weapons, our officers also make sure ships' crews are complying with regulations around transporting firearms and other dangerous items."

[OL Note]

This draws into focus the recent announcement by Egyptian authorities of a further change in the requirements governing the carriage of weapons, ammunition and armed guards on vessels within Egyptian waters.

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Piracy & Robbery at Sea Incidents - Feb 2012

Mon, 12 Mar 2012 15:01:33 UTC

High Risk Areas Piracy Incident Maps - February 2012

Attacks by pirates and robbery at sea over the last month are illustrated below. The positions on the situational maps are representational.

In all, 44 incidents are shown, including the position of the Enrica Lexie incident which resulted in the death of two Indian fishermen.

West Africa

West Africa Piracy Incidents - Feb 2012

1. 1. 1. 4 Feb – Gallia; Liberia container ship – The Congo;
    2. 9 Feb – Hellespont Drive; Liberia tug – Ghana;
    3. 9 Feb – Saphina; Panama diesel tanker – Gulf of Guinea (Hijacked/Rescued);
    4. 11 Feb – Cassiopeia; Malta general cargo ship – Gulf of Guinea;
    5. 13 Feb – Fourseas SW; Panama bulk carrier – Gulf of Guinea (Master & C/E killed);
    6. 26 Feb - Pacific Amethyst, Singapore offshore supply ship – Cote D’Ivoire;
    7. 28 Feb – Breiz Klipper; Curacao refrigerated cargo carrier – Nigeria (3 crew kidnapped);
    8. 29 Feb – Olivia I; Panama chemical tanker – Nigeria.

South East Asia

South East Asia Piracy Incidents - Feb 2012

1. 1. 1. 1 Feb – Toll Glaxy; Singapore tug – Malacca Strait;
    2. 1 Feb – Siteam Neptun; Liberia chemical tanker – South China Sea;
    3. 7 Feb – Swarna Godavari; India product tanker – South China Sea; Indonesia;
    4. 10 Feb – Warnow Mars; Liberia general cargo ship – South China Sea;
    5. 12 Feb – Clipper Morning; Bahamas bulk carrier – South China Sea; Vietnam;
    6. 13 Feb – Kim Hock Tug 3; Singapore tug – Malacca Strait;
    7. 15 Feb – Olympic Flair; Greece tanker – Indian Ocean; Cochin;
    8. 23 Feb – Hellen; Singapore chemical tanker – South China Sea;
    9. 26 Feb – Crest Gold 1; Singapore Tug – South China Sea; Singapore Strait (not shown);
    10. 29 Feb – Ocean Arrow; Hong Kong container ship – Bay of Bengal; Bangladesh;
    11. 29 Feb - Kimitrans Laut; Malaysia tug - South China Sea; Indonesia (not shown).

Horn of Africa/Indian Ocean

Horn of Africa/Indian Ocean Region Piracy Incidents - Feb 2012

1. 1. 1. 6 Feb – Fanja; Panama general cargo ship – Southern Red Sea; (BAM);
    2. 6 Feb – Norgas Sonoma; Singapore LPG tanker – Southern Red Sea (BAM);
    3. 6 Feb – Rabigh Sunrise; Panama chemical tanker – Southern Red Sea (BAM);
    4. 6 Feb - Yasra Dogu 1; Turkey offshore tug – Southern Red Sea (BAM);
    5. 6 Feb – Ping An; Marshall Islands chemical tanker – Indian Ocean; Maldives;
    6. 7 Feb - Free Goddess HIJACKED; Liberia tanker – Indian Ocean;
    7. 8 Feb – Saturn Glory; Panama VLCC – Indian Ocean; Seychelles;
    8. 13 Feb – Cosco Pride; Hong Kong (China) container ship – Gulf of Aden;
    9. 13 Feb – Mourmoura; Liberia bulk carrier – Arabian Sea;
    10. 13 Feb – Sinjin 35; Fishing vessel – Indian Ocean;
    11. 14 Feb – Unnamed; Dhow Fishing vessel – Arabian Sea;
    12. 15 Feb – Enrica Lexie; Italian Guards incident (2 fishermen killed) - Not piracy statistic;
    13. 15 Feb – Bow Sagami; Panama chemical tanker – Southern Red Sea (BAM);
    14. 15 Feb – Leila HIJACKED; Panama tanker – Arabian Sea;
    15. 18 Feb – Alpine Mystery; China chemical tanker – Indian Ocean; Seychelles;
    16. 20 Feb – Golar Maria; Marshall Islands bulk carrier – Indian Ocean;
    17. 22 Feb – Nadine & ICTAS 2 – Arabian Sea;
    18. 22 Feb – North Sea; Singapore product tanker – Gulf of Aden;
    19. 25 Feb – Kota Arif; Singapore container ship – Arabian Sea;
    20. 25 Feb – Kota Hakim; Singapore container ship – Strait of Hormuz;
    21. 27 Feb – Happy Venture; Malta bulk carrier – Southern Red Sea (BAM);
    22. 28 Feb – Pacific Horizon II; Panama chemical tanker – Arabian Sea;
    23. 28 Feb – Al Assma HIJACKED; Dhow - Arabian Sea (Released without ransom);
    24. 28 Feb - Spiliani; Marshall Island bulk carrier – Arabian Sea (not represented on map);
    25. 28 Feb – Unnamed MV – Southern Red Sea.

Sources: IMB Piracy Reporting Centre; NATO Shipping Centre; IMO; EUNAVFOR; Somalia Report

The locations are representational and are not to be used as an accurate reference for any other purpose. No guarantee is given for the accuracy of any report.

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Weekly Piracy Report

Mon, 12 Mar 2012 12:02:19 UTC

9 March 2012

Hijack swap: Pirates seek ship swap for freedom of imprisoned colleagues; dhow, hijacked, released due to mechanical problem, but tanker confirmed by owners to have been captured. Nigerian piracy set to worsen as soldiers killed by MEND. Seychelles struggles with growing prison population. UAE tries 10 pirates but Danish-captured pirates likely to be freed. UK set for new standards in private maritime security industry. UN has grave concerns, and Asian Shipowners reiterate need for peacekeeping troops. Greece cost-cutting sees frigate withdrawal. European delegation visits Puntland. Upcoming major seafarers' welfare event in London. Shipping Information Boom - join the debate.

East Africa

Pirates have seized a Panama- flagged UAE owned chemical oil products tanker MT Royal Grace along with her 22 multinational crew.

The vessel was attacked by heavily armed pirates on a skiff last Friday at 1219 GMT while underway in position 21:45N - 062:62E. Military officials and the ship owners confirmed on Sunday that the merchant vessel has been taken by pirates.

The vessel lost contact with her Dubai-based shipowner and managers until Sunday afternoon, when the master of the vessel emailed the shipowner reporting that the vessel was is in position 16:34N - 059.48E, steaming towards Somali coast under the command of pirates.

The 22 crew members of the vessel are comprised of Indian, Pakistani and Nigerian nationals.

The hijacking of MT Royal Grace brings to a total of 21 ocean-going vessels and 289 hostages being held captive by Somali pirates, according to Somalia Report.

The Panama-flagged, United Arab Emirates owned, MV Leila which was hijacked by pirates weeks ago, and was being used as a mother ship returned to Hobyo area on Friday evening, according to sources among Pirates in Hobyo who spoke to Somalia Report.

"Pirates were using MV Leila as a mother ship this week and it was previously moving on the Indian Ocean. They didn't find the vessels that they were hunting for and they returned to land in Hobyo area late Friday," pirates sources said.

The hijacked MV Leila returned to Hobyo area in Galhagoog. Hijackers had tried to use this vessel as a mother ship. Now we hear that they are planning to return to the Indian Ocean for other operations," a pirate based in Hobyo said.

Other sources added that they are back to take some materials from land and other armed pirates.

"They returned because they were days out in the sea looking for vessels to hijack. A number of them say they are back to take new motors to use for the speed boats and some armed pirates."

"There are two speed boats on the vessel, so they use these speed boats when they spot the vessel they wish to attack. A number of their speed boats need to be fixed with new motors. They also need to take other armed pirates on board, because they need an experienced group for the operation. There is no other reason for their return," insisted Hassan Abdi who is a pirate based in Hobyo. Read more.

West Africa

Recent attacks on security personnel by the Movement for the Emancipation of Niger Delta (MEND) may have worsened Nigeria’s rating on the handling of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea even as a United Nations report has compared pirate attacks off Nigerian coast as close to that of Somali pirates - Nigerian Tribune.

The attacks which claimed the lives of senior military and police personnel came few days after a group of pirates hijacked a crew of Russian ship in the Gulf of Guinea even as MEND has directly threatened to attack any ship that refuses to allow its men to board it.

The two incidents came at a bad time for the Nigerian Navy which in the last one week had been conducting a nine-nation naval exercise in the Gulf of Guinea involving American, European and several African nations.

The Gulf of Guinea, a rich oil region, has Nigeria, Cameroon, Angola, Equtorial Guinea, Benin, Togo and others as contiguous nations.

Maritime security reports had noted that in terms of the danger of piracy, Nigeria is on the second place in the world after Somalia with a total of fifty-eight pirate attacks on ships off Nigeria’s coast in 2011.

“The real problem is the powerful transnational mafia financing the pirate network and facilitating their nefarious activities. This mafia passes on authoritative information such as names of ships, the course they will take, value of cargo and extent of insurance cover to local criminal groups,” a security briefing report recently noted.

While MEND has not been directly linked with piracy operations, its recent warning to ships off Nigerian coast is said to have confirmed earlier reports of links between pirate gangs and some segments of Niger Delta militants.

International oil companies in Nigerian had recently alerted the nation to the high rate of crude oil theft in the Niger Delta with one of the company declaring that Nigeria is losing as much as 150,000 barrels of crude oil on daily basis. Read more.

Four soldiers declared missing last week were killed by pirates in the restive oil-rich Niger Delta and their bodies have been recovered, an army spokesman said on Sunday, reports Vanguard Nigeria.

“The attack was carried out by a gang of sea pirates led by Shedrack Itokofuwei, alias Mammy Water, who hails from Azagbene (in) Bayelsa State,” Lieutenant Colonel Timothy Antigha said.

The remains of the four attacked last Thursday along the Eweleso River have been retrieved, said Antigha.

Itokofuwei and his gang left their base in a convoy of five speed boats and on their way, attacked the soldiers.

In an ensuing encounter with a navy patrol, three of the pirate boats were sunk while two others escaped, he said in the statement.

Itokofuwei was among those killed “in the fire fight as disclosed by his gang member captured close to the scene of encounter,” the statement added.

The soldiers killed, among them a lieutenant-colonel who was commander of a unit, were ambushed and attacked not far from where four marine policemen were shot dead at a checkpoint the same day.

A militant group in the region, the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND), on Friday claimed it was behind the killing of the policemen. It gave no motive for the attack. Read more.

Pirate attacks in the Gulf of Guinea doubled last month as more tankers were hijacked so their stolen oil-product cargoes could be sold on shore, said risk-analysis firm AKE Group Ltd. and a lawyer who acts in piracy cases - Bloomberg.

Eight vessels were attacked in February, raising the total to 12 for this year’s first two months, Rory Lamrock, an analyst at AKE, said from London. Pirate activity in the region jumped 42 percent last year as 64 ships were attacked, he said. The gulf, off Africa’s western coast, is bordered by countries including Nigeria, Benin and Cameroon.

“Attacks are rising in frequency, happening further out from shore, and are mostly financially and criminally motivated,” Lamrock said by phone today.

Pirates seize tankers for about two weeks and leave them stationary off the coast, transferring the cargoes to a Nigerian tanker by night, Stephen Askins, a partner at law firm Ince & Co. in London, said this week at a conference in the city. The stolen oil products are sold in Nigeria or the city of Cotonou in Benin, he said.

“They’ve worked out a much better way to get money out of everybody, which is to steal cargo,” Askins said of pirates operating in the gulf. They are “way, way ahead of the Somali pirates,” he said at the conference. Read more.

Ex-Militants and sea pirates operating on Nembe and Ogbia waterways in Southern Ijaw area of Bayelsa state have fled their camps following a crackdown on them by the Joint Military Task Force, JTF, codenamed "Operation Pulo Shield" - AllAfrica.

One of the fleeing ex-militants, who was among those agitating for inclusion in the post-amnesty programme told Vanguard in Warri, Wednesday, "Many of us have fled from Bayelsa state because JTF is ransacking everywhere after the killing of four military men and four policemen , last week".

Spokesman of the JTF, Lt. Col Timothy Antigha confirmed on Sunday that the remains of a Lieutenant Colonel and three naval ratings killed in a gun fight with sea pirates, led by one Shedrack Itokofuwei, alias Mammy Water had been recovered.

He, however, disclosed that Mammy Water, who the task force described as a sea pirate was later shot dead in a gun battle with a Naval patrol team after three speed boats in his convoy were sunk.

Vanguard gathered that apart from ex-militants and suspected sea pirates, a lot of youths in most of the riverside communities in Southern Ijaw local government area had fled their communities as a result of the siege to the waterways by the task force.

An ex-militant leader, identified as "General" Victor Gbekegbeke spoke to Vanguard on phone, Friday, March 2, claiming to be the leader of a 200-man strong band that killed the military men.

He said they would continue with their renewed attacks on the waterways until the Federal Government incorporates them into the post-amnesty programme. Read more.

South East Asia

Singapore's Transport Minister Lui Tuck Yew said piracy remains a concern even though there has been progress in the fight against the threat - Today Online.

Mr Lui said recent events suggest an upswing in piracy incidents in Asia, but said on the positive side, the situation is not like that off the coast of Somalia.

Most of the incidents in Asia are less serious and usually involve the theft of ship stores, spares and personal valuables.

Mr Lui said Singapore does not take the threat of piracy lightly, and will continue to work closely with its partners in the international maritime community to combat this scourge.

One of its most important partners is the Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP) Information Sharing Centre (ISC).

Mr Lui said it is the primary platform for anti-piracy cooperation between regional governments for the timely exchange of information and sharper operational capabilities.

He said the ISC's value in countering piracy has been recognised with new members coming on board. From the original 14, ReCAAP now has 17 members.

The United Kingdom will soon be on board, while other countries have also expressed interest in joining ReCAAP.

Mr Lui made these points at the signing of a new Headquarters Agreement between Singapore and the ReCAAP ISC today. Read more.

Somali pirates holding a Panama-flagged vessel hijacked last month with goods destined for Somaliland have called for fellow pirates in jails in the breakaway enclave to be freed in return for the ship's release - Reuters.

Somaliland declared independence from Somalia in 1991 and has enjoyed relative stability compared to the rest of Somalia but remains unrecognised internationally.

A man called Yusuf Ali, who said he was among the gang of pirates holding MV Leila, told Horn Cable TV on Monday the pirates hope to get a small ransom for the ship, but also want the authorities in Somaliland to release their comrades.

"We will not release the ship until the prisoners are released. Somaliland harasses us and jails us for 20 years while in Yemen we only serve 7 years," said Yusuf Ali, speaking from an undisclosed location.

"We hijacked the ship in order to send a message to the businessmen to convince their government to release our colleagues."

Somali pirates typically hijack merchant vessels to earn hefty ransoms and seizing ships to try and arrange a prisoner swap is a rare development.

Somaliland's parliament recently passed new legislation recognising piracy as a crime and allowing pirates convicted abroad to be transferred to the enclave, in a move to signal its commitment to fighting maritime attacks off Somalia's shores.

Under the new legislation, piracy will carry a maximum jail term of 25 years. Previously, it had to charge suspected pirates with armed robbery.

Somaliland says it has more than 100 pirates in its prisons. Read more.

The small island state, with its crystal waters and pristine beaches, lies in an area of the Indian Ocean notorious for piracy and the coast guard has been working flat out to protect ships which are coming under attack - Malaysia MSN News.

"The Seychelles coast guard by itself cannot make the waters safe, we need to combine forces. If we manage to bring everybody on board I think our fight against piracy will be simpler," coast guard chief Georges Adeline told AFP.

"We really need our international partners to help out," he said.

At a conference on Somalia in London last month, world leaders said they wanted to end the practice of pirates being captured and then released, but the Seychelles have been shouldering the burden of prosecuting and imprisoning them.

"It's such a small state, it's really punching above its weight in the fight on piracy," said Matthew Forbes, the British high commissioner to the Seychelles.

"The UK and other international navies are helping scour the area for pirates, there are also EU, Indian and Nato reconnaissance aircraft which track skiffs down in an area roughly the size of the United States," he said.

Foreign navies which capture pirates then hand them over to the Seychelles for prosecution.

A two-decade war has wrecked Somalia, leaving it without a proper government, and the piracy problem is fuelled by the humanitarian crisis.

Pirates operating from the Horn of Africa nation carried out 237 attacks in 2011, more than half the world total, according to the IMB Piracy Reporting Centre.

Half of the Somali pirates imprisoned in the Seychelles were captured by the Seychelles coast guard.

There are 82 Somali pirates in the tiny Mahe prison, accounting for over 20 percent of the jail's population. Many are gaunt young men in their early twenties and all of them deny being involved in piracy or possessing weapons.

"Me pirate? No no, fisherman! I fish big tuna!" said 50-year-old Somali Ali, who was sentenced to six years for piracy and now spends his days behind bars, or doing hard manual labour and working in the prison's vegetable garden.

The jail opened four years ago to accommodate swelling numbers, prison officer Marie Dathna said as she watched the pirates haul concrete blocks up a mountain path in the sweltering sun to build a new perimeter wall.

The prison's most famous inmate, dubbed Six Toe Joe because he has six toes on each foot, was captured by the British Navy in January along with 13 others who were caught with rocket-propelled grenades on board.

"Many pirates claim to be fishermen, and then ditch their weapons over the side before the coast guard can arrive. But the aircraft overhead take high definition photographs of the weapons so they can be convicted," Forbes said.

"The evidence in each case is pretty overwhelming. What other possible use could they have for aluminium ladders if not to board target ships?" he added.

Britain has seconded prison officers to the Seychelles to provide training and support and British lawyers have been sent over to prosecute cases. The UN is also preparing a prison in Somalia so brigands can serve time back home.

"The Seychelles is currently carrying the burden of imprisoning lots of pirates, but the first lot of convicted Somalis will be transferred to Somalia by the end of the month, to facilities monitored by UN staff," Forbes said.

"It's the first time convicted pirates will be sent to serve their sentence back in Somalia," he said. Read more.

Ten Somali men accused of piracy who were caught in a special forces raid that freed the hijacked UAE ship MV Arrilah appeared in court today - The National.

Special counter-terrorism units stormed the bulk oil carrier in April after it was hijacked in the Arabian Sea, east of Oman, en route from Australia to Jebel Ali.

The 37,000-tonne ship is owned by two subsidiaries of the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, and the rescue was at the time said to show the UAE's commitment to acting "firmly" in the face of piracy.

The alleged pirates, who were arrested during the rescue mission, have appeared twice before at the Federal First Instance Court.

Questioning yesterday took place without a lawyer present.

"Since you cannot afford a lawyer, the Ministry of Justice will appoint one for you. He will present his defence next hearing," the judge told the defendants.

The case was adjourned to later this month.

The island nation of Seychelles says it has agreed to accept 15 Somali pirate suspects from U.S. military custody for prosecution - FOX News.

The announcement on Tuesday follows an agreement between Seychelles President James Michel and U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton that the two nations would continue to collaborate in the fight against piracy.

The Seychelles is a crucial linchpin in the fight against piracy. The U.S. military flies aerial surveillance drones from the island nation.

A top Seychelles official, Joel Morgan, said the prosecution would send a clear signal to pirates that they can't attack ships with impunity. About 20 percent of the roughly 500 prisoners in the Seychelles are Somali pirates.

The 17 Somali pirates that the Danish warship Absalon has captured recently, will probably not go to prison for their misdeeds, assesses Birgit Feldtmann, associate professor of law at Southern University and expert in piracy - Danish Maritime Magazine.

She sees two possible scenarios: if the pirates have shot at Danish soldiers, then they can get prosecuted. If not, the Danish military authorities are in the same situation as seen many times before, where you simply can’t do much.

"The the diplomatic game starts, on which the country that can and will prosecute pirates. Unfortunately this is not a new situation.”

Italian Naval Guards

From intentional destruction of the crucial evidence on the Italian vessel Enrica Lexie to emails sent out from the ship immediately after it was cornered by the Navy and the Coast Guard, the law is catching up with the captain Umberto Vitelli - Deccan Chronicle.

Top police officials said that not only the failure to switch on the voice data recorder, as reported in these columns on February 20, which could be seen as an intentional destruction of evidence, the emails sent by him to the company immediately after the vessel was cornered by the naval authorities was now under scrutiny.

"Our priority is to trace the location of the ship at the time of the firing. The VDR and other data are being analysed. However, we are also looking at the emails sent out by the captain after the incident and also the ones he sent just before the ship was cornered by our people,” said a top police official connected with the probe.

He added that around the time of the shooting and immediately after that, the captain was in front of the computer and is believed to be involved in navigation and also sending out emails to the company.

The data of the VDR, similar to an aircraft’s black box, is crucial for investigation. Immediately after the firing, the crew was to switch on the VDR. Read more.

A court in Kerala on Monday extended the custody of the two Italian marines arrested for allegedly shooting dead two Indian fishermen and ordered them to be sent to the Central Jail in state capital Thiruvananthapuram till March 19, reports IBN Live.

Italian marines Latorre Massimillano and Salvatore Girone were on February 20 sentenced by the court to 14 days custody, of which the first three days was police custody. The judicial custody was later extended twice by seven days each. They were being kept in the Central Industrial Security Force guest house in Kochi, 220 km from Kollam, and were on Monday sent to the Central Jail.

Both the marines were produced in the court on Monday.

Indian fishermen Ajesh Binki, 25, and Gelastine, 45, were allegedly shot dead on Feb 15 by the marines who mistook them to be pirates. The marines were on board cargo vessel Enrica Lexie, about 14 nautical miles off Alappuzha in Kerala.

The Kollam chief judicial magistrate court asked the authorities to ensure that special security is given to the two and also allowed Italian officials to meet the two every day for an hour between 10 am and 2 pm.

The court also asked the police to see that they should not be kept with other jail inmates, and if they feel the security cover is inadequate, then they could be shifted elsewhere with the permission of the court.

On Tuesday, the petition of the Italian Consulate General demanding quashing of the FIR against the marines is coming up for final disposal in the Kerala High Court.

Last week, the judge pointed out errors in the petition filed by the Italian Consulate General and said it had no seal of the Italian embassy or any authorisation.

A telephone conversation. Council President Mario Monti intervenes in the story that becomes more dramatic by the hour of two Italian Fascists arrested in India for the murder of two fishermen . According to reports by ANSA, the Italian premier had a telephone conversation with his Indian counterpart Manmohan Singh, writes Corriere It.

DELHI: NO IMMUNITY ' - The diplomatic intervention of the Prime Minister a few hours following the declaration issued by a high government source quoted by the Indian press, that the case of Fascists "is applicable Indian law" devices, because even the Nuclei military security "does not enjoy immunity under international law overall." The Vessel protection Detachments (Nuclei military protection) are the team of soldiers on board merchant ships and passengers to protect them from pirates

The EU is also involved - even the high representative for EU foreign policy, Catherine Ashton, forcing contributes to the diplomatic note to arrive sull'Inda "satisfactorily resolved" in each of the lieutenants of the regiment Maximilian San Marco Latorre and Saviour Pool, held for two days, after a sort of 'grounding' informal lasted two weeks. The spokesman Ashton stated that Italy is the leader in this operation, but added: "We have always followed the situation closely with the Italian authorities. Now, we are taking diplomatic action to achieve a satisfactory solution." Read more [in Italian].

Italy warned India on Wednesday that it was creating a “dangerous” precedent by detaining two Italian marines who were on an anti-piracy mission when they allegedly killed two Indian fishermen at sea - Arabnews.

Premier Mario Monti relayed the warning during a telephone call with his Indian counterpart Manmohan Singh as the diplomatic standoff reached the highest levels of government as well as the halls of the European Union.

According to a statement from Monti’s office, Singh agreed to transfer the marines from prison to somewhere “adequate to their status.”

The marines, who were providing anti-piracy security aboard a cargo ship, are accused of shooting the fishermen Feb. 15 after mistaking them for pirates off India’s southwest coast.

A court in the southern state of Kerala on Monday ordered them jailed for another two weeks while officials investigate.

New Delhi says the case should be tried in India because the killings occurred on an Indian boat. Rome says the shooting took place in international waters and the case should be handled in Italy.

Italy says the presence of military personnel aboard the cargo ship is governed by an Italian law conforming to UN anti-piracy resolutions, and that such personnel are part of the Italian state and therefore immune to the jurisdiction of foreign states.

Italy has already sent a high-level delegation to New Delhi to try to negotiate the transfer of the marines, and the foreign minister traveled there last week.

It has now enlisted the European Union, which has begun making contacts “aimed at finding a satisfactory solution as soon as possible,” according to Maja Kocijancic, a spokeswoman for EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton. Read more.

The UK’s Security in Complex Environments Group is hosting a conference at which it hopes to create a new set of standards and accreditation for private maritime security companies operating in the UK - Shiptalk.

Speaking to Lloyd’s List SCEG director Oona Muirhead said standard and accreditation for PMSCs was a matter of urgency and the group will develop a set of standards endorsed by the UK government.

The UK government will then decide upon the best certified accrediting bodies to use, she added.

The Security Association for the Maritime Industry is a member of SCEG and has worked with the National Security Inspectorate to set up an accreditation system for PMSCs which is already in operation.

BIMCO will also be attending the event and plans to launch a standard contract for shipowners to use with PMSCs. This “Guardcon” is currently being drafted and BIMCO hopes it will be ready for publication this month.

At the Inaugural Conference of the Security in Complex Environments Group (SCEG) today (Monday), the Chair of SCEG, Chris Sanderson, announced that standards designed to ensure high levels of quality and professionalism of all Private Security Companies operating in a maritime environment would be in place before the end of 2012- Defence Professionals.

The Security in Complex Environments Group (SCEG) is a Special Interest Group within ADS. It brings together private security companies operating on land and sea around a common agenda of raising standards and introducing robust and independent accreditation for companies operating in complex and high-risk environments. ADS was appointed by UK Ministers as the government’s industry partner for the regulation and accreditation of private security companies in June 2011, and an announcement was made in Parliament. Read more.

A new standardised contract between shipowners and private maritime security companies will be launched by BIMCO later this month, reports Shiptalk.

The Guardcon hopes to provide clarity on key issues such as the relationship between the master and the security team leader on board.

The drafting sub-committee will meet on March 16 to finalise the draft, and then an electronic version of the contract will be available on its website from March 26.

The relationship and interactions between the master and the security team has long needed clarifying. In essence the master is in charge throughout. However in the event of a threat of piracy the security team leader will inform the master that they are invoking the rules for the use of force. Each member of the security team then has sole responsibility for any decision taken to use force.

Even then, if the master perceives there to be a risk of safety, he also has the right to order the team to stop shooting.

This should give masters the confidence that they are always in ultimate control, but give the security personnel the latitude to make the very difficult decisions that they have to take during an attack.
See "Standards Squabble..." - OCEANUSLive.

The government is mulling deploying armed CISF guards onboard Indian merchant vessels in order to thwart any piracy attempt - News Outlook India.

Once a decision in this regard is taken, the CISF personnel will travel with the vessels in the Indian Ocean region up to the tip of Somalia, which is prone to piracy incidents, and then re-board an incoming vessel to get back to their base in India.

"The government is desirous of giving the responsibility to us. However, no decision has been taken and nitty gritty are being deliberated at present," CISF Director General Rajiv told reporters while interacting during the annual press conference of the force here today.

"Once we are entrusted with the new responsibility, we will need to train our personnel with the Indian Navy to acclimatise them for long-haul travelling on sea and we also will have to see how will they operate as the CISF is an armed force," he said.

The DG said that while the CISF is guarding a number of sea ports, some more port-related duties can be entrusted to his men in the future.

Last month, Union Shipping Secretary K Mohandas had said in Kochi that India was contemplating utilising services of armed guards from paramilitary forces for security duty on board merchant vessels.

At present several vessels, sailing with Indian flags, were currently relying on security agencies employing foreign nationals in piracy infested waters.

United States on Sunday said it has committed about $35 million into the training of naval personnel in Nigeria and other countries within the Gulf of Guinea on how to combat piracy, oil bunkering and other maritime crimes that have plagued the region in recent times - Safety4Sea.

This was revealed in Calabar, Cross River State by Consular-General of the US Consulate in Lagos, Mr. Joseph Stafford, at the closing ceremony of the Obangame Express 2012, an annual naval exercise of Africa, US and Europe hosted by Nigeria. The event was also geared towards building transnational synergy on how to combat maritime crimes which cost the country $2 billion annually.

Twelve countries including the United States, Spain and some African maritime nations participated in the one week exercise with the Minister of States for Defence, Mrs. Olusola Obada, conducting the closing ceremony.

Stafford said the exercise was aimed at strengthening cooperation between countries in the Gulf of Guinea, the US, Spain, Brazil and other participating countries.

"More than $2billion is lost annually due to maritime crime. We are already getting better and growing each year to combat illicit activities that are taking place in the maritime domain. They have the primary responsibilities of patrolling their territorial waters, but beyond that, it is necessary for the West African countries to work with the US to combat piracy and the other crimes that take place in the Gulf of Guinea.

"So far, $35 million has been provided for the training of naval personnel in Nigeria and other countries in the Gulf of Guinea on the fight against maritime crime. I want to state that we would continue in this support," he said. Read more

The United Nations Security Council expressed grave concern on Monday at the threat posed by Somali pirates and extremist groups as UN chief Ban Ki-moon warned the African state's humanitarian situation would likely deteriorate again in the coming months - IOL.co.za.

For the past two decades, Somalia has been engulfed in anarchy, chaos and conflict. The International Committee of the Red Cross estimates that fighting, famine and disease have killed up to a million people since Somalia's last government collapsed in 1991.

The international community has become increasingly concerned at Somalia becoming a leading global haven for Islamist militancy and the rising toll of Somali piracy, estimated to cost the global economy $7-billion a year.

“The Security Council remains gravely concerned about the ongoing threat posed by piracy and armed robbery off the coast of Somalia,” the UN council said in a statement that also recognised that instability contributed to the problem.

“The Security Council remains gravely concerned about the threat posed to Somalia and the international community by terrorist attacks by Somali armed opposition groups, in particular al-Shabaab,” it said. Read more.

The Galle harbour is in a unique position to tackle the issue of sea piracy, particularly for ships affected by Somalia pirates as it is only six nautical miles away from the international maritime shipping route, says Times Online Sri Lanka.

This transpired during the launch of the ‘Sri Lanka International Air Freight, Shipping and Logistics Expo 2012(SLIAFSLE) organized by CEMS Lanka (Pvt) Ltd in Colombo recently.

SLIAFSLE 2012 will be held at the BMICH from March 8 – 10 at the BMICH.Preethilal Fernando, Director/CEO, GAC Shipping Ltd, an international shipping company operates in Sri Lanka as a joint venture with McLarens Shipping Ltd, said that they service around 350 vessels per month at Galle Port and provides all the facilities for these vessels such as bunkering, crew changes etc. They also operate six of their own vessels.

He said the Galle Port is one of the best locations to handle the Somalia pirate menace as Somali pirates operate in the Indian Ocean and all vessels that are to pass Suez Canal could be armed and provided with other equipment at Galle Port to meet any eventuality confronted by the Somali pirates.

He said that the strategic location of the ancient port of Galle offers an excellent base for their offshore ship supply service. He said that their principals simply engage their services en-route, avoiding any deviation from their vessels’ original routes. He said that vessels en route between the Far East and Suez as well as Read Sea, Middle East or Indian Subcontinent ports, all pass within a few miles of the Southern tip of Sri Lanka (Galle Port). Read more.

CYPRUS and France joined forces yesterday for a joint exercise south of the island, in its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and flight information region (FIR) - Cyprus Mail.

“This is the first time an exercise of this breadth takes place and indeed with a Cypriot helicopter landing on a French war vessel,” Defence Minister Demetris Eliades said.

The search and rescue exercise took place between 8am and 12pm, coordinated by the Cyprus Joint Rescue Coordination Centre (JRCC)

The scenario involved a piracy incident supposedly taking place within Cyprus’ EEZ with injured people being transported to Larnaca General Hospital by helicopter.

The exercise was attended by French and Cypriot officials with Eliades praising “the spirit of unity, complete coordination and excellent collaboration” between the two countries,

“According to international law, Cyprus has sovereign rights over its EEZ and FIR. However, we also have obligations when it comes to search and rescue,” Eliades said.

Various bodies worked together yesterday including the police, Larnaca General Hospital, and port authorities while a French helicopter and a French frigate also participated.

Eliades said more exercises of this kind would take place in the future with France and other countries.

The Asian Shipowners Forum (ASF) is pushing for its counter-piracy proposal to be adopted by the United Nations (UN). The proposal would see armed military personnel, sponsored and managed by the UN, providing protection to merchant shipping in the pirates infested waters of the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden - Seatrade Asia.

The proposal which would use floating bases was presented by the ASF at a UN working group in Washington DC on 28 February. “It is extremely urgent that the ASF proposal should be implemented as soon as possible as international shipping and trade, and most importantly of lives of the ships’ crews, are all at the mercy of these ruthless Somali pirates,” said Patrick Phoon, chairman of the ASF Safe Navigation and Environment Committee.

The proposal to use UN peacekeeping troops on floating bases was originally put to the UN last July by the Singapore Shipping Association (SSA).

Greece as part of cost-cutting measures is to withdraw a frigate patrolling off the coast of Somalia as part of the European Union Naval Force, the Defence Ministry in Athens said on Monday.

The ministry cited budget constraints resulting from the ongoing economic crisis - Europe Online Magazine.

Officials said the HS Hydra frigate had initially been despatched in early February to join Operation Atalanta, the EU Naval Force protecting merchant shipping carrying humanitarian aid, as well as to deter piracy in the Gulf of Aden.

The HS Hydra has a crew of 189, carries a SH-70 Sea Hawk helicopter and has a displacement of 3,350 tons.

Ministry officials said the country will save roughly 7.5 million euros a year by recalling the ship.

Despite its poor economy, Greece is one of only two European NATO members meeting a commitment to spend 2 per cent of gross domestic product on defence. Greece has been spending as much as 4.3 per cent of GDP on defence. dpa cp rpm mga Author: Christine Pirovolakis.

Thirty-three representatives from UK, Norway, Denmark and Netherland are visiting the city of Growe in Puntland on Monday, a Press TV correspondent reported.

According to Puntland Counter-piracy Director Abdirizak Mohamed Ahmed Ducaysane, the European delegation plans to review anti- piracy measures in the region, which cost them millions of dollars to fight Somali pirates in the Indian Ocean.

However, Somali government official say that the main reason for the visit is to sign a secret oil deal between Europe and Puntland.

The official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, said that any deal will be illegal and must be signed with the Transitional Federal Government (TFG), the internationally recognized government of the Republic of Somalia.

Puntland has been transformed into a notorious base used by local pirates to launch attacks on merchant vessels transiting the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean.

Somalia has been without a functioning government since 1991, when warlords overthrew former dictator Mohamed Siad Barre.

Strategically located in the Horn of Africa, Somalia is one of the countries generating the highest number of refugees and internally displaced people in the world.

Piracy fears are stopping superyacht owners from sailing between the Mediterranean and the Gulf, where they split their time each year - The National.

Instead, they have them shipped on cargo vessels, says Erwin Bamps, the chief operating officer of the UAE boatbuilder Gulf Craft.

"This is an issue for superyachts visiting the region coming out of the Mediterranean," Mr Bamps said.

"They are now more or less shipped on another ship and brought into the Gulf, so the owner doesn't have to concern himself with the security of the vessel.

"It has a cost implication for the owner, because before he would sail in through the Red Sea."

Somali pirates have attacked hundreds of vessels in the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea over the past 10 years.

But Mr Bamps said the threat had little impact on boat sales in the UAE, as most yacht owners here tended to keep their vessels in the Gulf or off the coast of Oman.

"Unless you go down to the Horn of Africa people are not so concerned," he said. "Most of the concern is for ocean-going vessels that are crossing between continents, rather than staying around the area here. Read more.

The Gift of the Givers is no longer involved in negotiations with Somali pirates for the release of Durban couple, Bruno Pelizzari and Debbie Calitz - IOL.co.za.

Imtiaz Sooliman, founder of the aid organisation, who also has strong ties in Somalia, said on Monady that he was asked by Pelizzari’s family to halt negotiations.

“Vera (Hecht) told me that she wanted to handle the negotiations herself. They have asked us to stop all negotiations. We are no longer involved,” Sooliman said.

Hecht, Pelizzari’s sister, confirmed that the Gift of the Givers was no longer party to the negotiations and said she would re-engage negotiations with the pirates.

The yachties, on board the SY Choizil skippered by Peter Eldridge, were kidnapped by pirates 16 months ago as they were about to enter the Madagascar/Mozambique Channel.

The ransom, from an initial $5 million (R34m), now stands at $1.5m (R11.2m).

“There wasn’t any confirmation of proof of life. Because of this we have decide to re-engage ourselves in negotiations. I brought the ransom down once before and I am confident that we’ll be able to handle it again. The responsibility lies with the family and we have decided that negotiations should be left for the family to undertake,” Hecht said.Read more.

Image courtesy of IOL.co.za/INSLA - Vera Hecht, sister of Bruno Pelizzari.

The Seafarers Trust, the charity arm of the ITF, will mark its 30th birthday by staging a major event on seafarers’ welfare in Westminster, London, on Thursday 22 March 2012. Press are invited to attend - FishUpdate.com.

Running from 13:30 to 17:00 at Church House, 27 Great Smith Street, London W1 (www.churchhouseconf.co.uk/about_church_house/location) the event will look at how seafarers’ welfare services must adapt to meet the changes of the 21st century, and how they can work with and enhance the Maritime Labour Convention, which is expected to come into force next year. The day will also host the launch of the Apostleship of the Sea’s report on working with cruise ship crews, which includes the aid offered to those on board the Costa Concordia after its sinking.

Tom Holmer, administrative officer of the Seafarers’ Trust, explained: “For 30 years the ITF Seafarers Trust has supported and funded seafarers’ welfare work worldwide. The much hoped for ratification of the MLC will mean that we have to rethink the way those services are provided. This event will draw on the lessons we have learned in the last 30 years, and inparticular on the experts with whom we have worked during that time, to examine how we can all best do that with and for seafarers.”

Roy Paul, programme manager of the Maritime Piracy Humanitarian Response Programme, and Seafarers’ Trust assistant administrative officer, added: “This seminar will plan for long term strategic welfare provision, while also sharing the good practice learnt in recent events such as the Costa Concordia and the ongoing and crucial work we have been doing with the victims of piracy and their families.” Read more.

BLUE Communications is hosting a debate to explore the implications of the shipping industry’s information boom. At a time when 24-hour rolling news, social media and online information platforms can outpace real events, the maritime world is under greater scrutiny than ever before. This event will explore the implications for businesses across the shipping industry, along with the opportunities and threats that this creates.

The panel for the event will include representatives from Maersk Line UK, Coracle Online, BusinessGreen and BLUE. See details.

Neptune Maritime Security arranged to have BBC Security Correspondent, Frank Gardner, accompany them on a transit on a merchant vessel through the pirate-infested waters of the Gulf of Aden. The report from the BBC's Radio 5, recorded Friday March 9th 2012 by Frank Gardner is available HERE [Audio] (via YouTube/Neptune Maritime Security/BBC). Pic: courtesy of Frank Gardner.

Hijacks:

Arabian Sea - Chemical tanker reported attacked 2 Mar (1219 UTC) in posn 21:27N - 062:37E in Arabian Sea, last known position 17:12N - 060:28E at 0255 UTC 4 Mar. Owners of MT Royal Grace received email 0923 UTC 4 Mar stating ships position as 16:34N - 059:48E on a course of 230 transiting towards Somalia. Vessel confirmed as Hijacked.
Gulf of Aden - Dhow AL Sharqia reported attacked and HIJACKED 1030 UTC in position 13:40N - 050:40E, approx 110nm S of Qusay'ir, Yemen. Reported 6 Mar. Dhow hijacked by PAG comprising dhow and 2 skiffs. The hijacked dhow has been confirmed as released by pirates. Indications that hijacked dhow suffered mechanical problems.

Unsuccessful Attacks (All regions):

Indian Ocean - Around ten robbers armed with knives boarded an anchored Panama-flagged bulk carrier, Ten Yoshi Maru, via the forecastle at 2355 LT: position 17:02.88N-082:25.15E, Kakinada Anchorage, India. Duty watchmen saw the robbers and raised the alarm. Seeing crew alertness the robbers escaped in two boats with stolen ship stores. Master informed Port Control and local agent. No casualties to crew and no damage to ship. Reported (via IMB) 3 Mar.
Arabian Sea - Heavily pirates in 2 skiffs attempted to attack Panama-flagged Hong Kong-owned container ship, MSC Oslo. The vessel was attacked while underway in position 15:10N - 052:16E. The Master ordered increased speed and evasive action. Private maritime security team aboard fired warning shots forcing pirates to abort the attack. Reported (via Somalia Report) 4 Mar.
Gulf of Aden - Bahamas-flagged oil products tanker, Advance Victoria, came under attack by 1 skiff at 0519 UTC in position 14:20N - 052:45E. Skiff described as wooden and dark in colour. Shots were fired by the chasing pirates, however, embarked armed security on board fired a single shot resulting in the skiff aborting the attack. Reported (via NSC) 6 Mar.
Gulf of Guinea - Seven heavily armed robbers in a speed boat approached a Marshall Island-flagged chemical tanker, SP Atlanta, underway at 1030 UTC: in position 04:12.5N – 006:54.6E, around 5.8nm off Port Harcourt Fairway Buoy, Nigeria. The tanker raised the alarm, increased speed and set course away from land. The armed naval guards onboard the vessel made their presence known. Later, the robbers aborted the attempted attack and moved away. Reported (via IMB) 7 Mar.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity (Click on Map for Larger View)

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Information, Security, Safety; Shared

Submitted by Team@oceanuslive.org

Standards Squabble in Race for Maritime Security

Thu, 08 Mar 2012 20:00:16 UTC

Standards Squabble in Private Maritime Security

Source: Shiptalk

Private maritime security standards appear to be a bit like buses – you wait for years for one to turn up and then two arrive almost at once.

There appears to be some confusion in the security industry at the moment, as a new UK standard has been announced by the rather ominously named “Security in Complex Environments Group (SCEG)”. The group, which is a collective of UK based companies has announced their own standard. While over in the international camp, the Security Association for the Maritime Industry (SAMI) has developed a standard and accreditation process which was launched recently and which reportedly has a significant number of companies passing through it.

With seemingly competing standards it is perhaps easy to see where the confusion has arisen – but can the standards co-exist? Is it a case that the UK view will prevail, or will the international approach win out?

As things currently stand the SCEG standard still has a long way to go before companies can actually be accredited against it. There are also also some concerns that the standard is not solely focused on the maritime industry. The group quotes that the standard will also address, “accreditation for private security companies operating in complex or high-risk land environments such as Iraq and Afghanistan”.

This seems to be a problematic sticking point – here we have a unilateral move by a government to create a catch-all standard, which not only has a land focus, but which does not actually have a functioning mechanism supporting it. The group has admitted that there is still much work to be done, and significant funding to be raised to make their standard work.

Standards are incredibly important, and the SCEG and SAMI developments are both hugely significant, necessary and welcome. Those who increasingly rely on the security providers will, however, hope that the confusion does not distract from the benefits which can be derived from having private maritime security companies checked, vetted, accredited, call it what you will.

For the shipping industry it is perhaps a case of we don’t care who does it, just get it done. The IMO did some sterling work last year to produce a set of comprehensive, pragmatic guidelines and the SAMI standard has been based on these. Which is why many have been confused by the parallel work of SCEG.

Speaking to one observer, it has been suggested that the SCEG standard is a barrier which is being created to safeguard UK interests. The British government has woken slowly to the value of the UK maritime security industry – but now they have recognised it, they are looking at ways in which to guarantee its competitive advantage. However, this could come with added costs and burdens imposed on the UK PMSCs – in creating a mechanism to aid them, many are quietly concerned that they may struggle to take advantage.

From an international perspective, and of course, a shipping one – this is perhaps a moot point. It has been hoped that the IMO can once again provide some clarity, but they have backed away time and again from the idea of them accrediting PMSCs – and rightly so.

It would seem then, that it is the insurance industry which will decide which standards horse is backed. As underwriters look to balance the need for reassurance against not wishing to make life too onerous on the companies they wish to take premiums from, perhaps an international standard which is already up and running would be the far better bet.

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Information, Security, Safety; Shared

Submitted by Team@oceanuslive.org

Weekly Piracy Report

Sun, 04 Mar 2012 01:24:44 UTC

2 March 2012

Increasing violence: Not to be left behind, West African piracy proves just as deadly. Hijacked dhow, more attacks and notably in the Strait of Hormuz. Hostages die following Danish disruption op. Negotiations to release vessels nearer to completion as EU mandate extends to 2014. SA stance to change from deter to action as SA Muslims support freeing of hostage couple. Kenyans seized in Comoros escorting a vessel. Guyanese fishing vessels attacked in Suriname waters. Costa Allegra adrift in pirate waters. Private security - changes are coming. Puntland Maritime Police Force shows up in Eyl. Somali TFG MoD coastguard initiative to protect maritime borders. SaveOurSeafarers first year anniversary.

East Africa

Armed pirates seized a fishing dhow approximately 145nm North of Socotra island, in position 15:01N - 054:56E at around 1206 UTC on Feb 28. It has since been named as the Al Assma.

It is likely that the fishing dhow will be used as a pirate mothership. The dhow has been identified as having a brown hull with white band, as well as a blue mast near the bow. See Piracy Incidents below. Military forces were, as of March 2, reported to have disrupted the dhow acting as a mothership and is, therefore, no longer a threat to merchant shipping, according to NATO Shipping Centre.

Two hostages died as a Danish warship patrolling the Gulf of Aden under NATO command opened fire on a pirate vessel, reports Bloomberg.

There were 17 pirates and 18 hostages on board the ship, the navy said in a statement today, without disclosing nationalities. The two hostages died after sustaining unspecified injuries when navy personnel boarded the ship yesterday. A navy doctor at the scene was unable to save them, according to the statement.

There are about 3,500 Somali pirates attacking vessels in the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, the United Nations said on Feb 16. Attacks rose to a record 237 last year, with ransoms of $160 million paid to release 31 hijacked vessels, according to a One Earth Future Foundation report released this month.

“The conditions that led to the death of the two hostages aren’t yet known,” the navy said in the statement. “The Danish Military Judge Advocate is now investigating the circumstances.”

The navy said its ship, the Absalon, had been tracking the pirate vessel for several days near the Somali coast. As the pirate ship tried to leave the coast, the warship called on it to stop, firing warning shots. When the pirate ship didn’t respond, the Danish warship opened fire, according to the statement. The vessel had been used as a base by the pirates for attacks in the region, the navy said.

The Iranian and Pakistani crew of a hijacked cargo ship were treated like slaves by Somali pirates before their release in a deadly rescue operation, Denmark's navy said on Wednesday.
A spokesman for the Danish navy, which carried out the dramatic rescue, said it was not clear that the pirates had any idea how to navigate the Iranian vessel which they had been using as a mother ship -OCEANUSLive.
They were therefore using the crew as sort of slaves," Kenneth Nielson told AFP, pointing out that the pirates had not demanded ransom for the crew members and had not tried to enrich themselves "on the hostage-taking itself."
Sixteen of the crew were rescued on Sunday night in an operation by the Danish warship Absalon, part of a NATO-led counter-piracy mission.

Reports from Hobyo district in Mudug region indicate that Somali pirates and Galmudug security forces have clashed after heavy fighting erupted involving the two, locals and Galmudug officials confirmed.

The fighting started after Galmudug security forces attacked a pirate's base in a bid to detain some of the pirates who had landed near the coast. The pirates had brought a hijacked ship owned by the United Arab Emirates

"The pirates brought a ship near the Hobyo waters, late yesterday. Galmudug security forces learned of this and launched an attack on the pirates. A large number of Galmudug forces arrived from Galkayo for the operation," said Mahad Yusuf, a Hobyo resident, according to Somalia Report.

General Abdi weli Hassan Hirsi (Fara badan), who is Galmudug's police commander in Hobyo has confirmed that they managed to arrest six of the pirates and others fled from the town.

We have captured six of the pirates, so we are transferring them to the main jail in Galkayo. Two of our soldiers, including my deputy were injured in the operation," he said.Read more.

The Transitional Federal Government of Somalia recognises the importance of securing Somalia’s territorial integrity. Significant effort and resources have already been devoted by the African Union, Somalia’s neighbours and the International Community to recover and secure Somalia’s borders, including its shores - OCEANUSLive.

Much effort has also been given to building Somalia’s National Security Forces, both Military and Police, and to build our capacity to defeat other obstructionist elements such as al-Shabaab and their foreign masters, al-Qa’ida, who threaten our people and our country.

However, we must also turn our attention to maritime security and the threats that emanate from the sea. Somalia’s maritime borders are as important as her land boundaries, yet today we continue to face a continuing threat posed by the continued support for our enemy from abroad. This support takes the form of supplies of arms, ammunition and personnel. Read more.
Now that the contract has been signed, says Somalia Report, Halliday Finch is seeking both national and private donors to fund the operation. Qatar, Mauritius, Nigeria and Angola have expressed interest, and the firm has already secured the $52 million required for the first year of operation. Halliday Finch has predicted that the 10-year project will cost approximately $900 million, and the organisation hopes that some proportion of the funding will eventually come from domestic revenue streams, including the sale of fishing licenses.

The International Maritime Bureau (IMB) has reported that maritime pirates have threatened a ship at the north end of the Strait of Hormuz. This is the closest-ever attack to the waterway, which is responsible for 20 percent of globally traded oil, commentsMaritime Executive.

The report details the attack as follows: Warning shots were fired by armed private guards onboard the container ship in an attempt to discourage three pirate boats chasing the vessel. Again, the incident occurred in the most northern area of the Gulf of Oman.

The reported February 25th pirate attack and activity in that specific area has many concerned that they are moving extremely deep into the Gulf and Strait of Hormuz. This is the nearest attack to the Strait of Hormuz, according to an IMB review of the last three years’ reported attacks.

The European Union has not officially recorded this incident as an attack, as there was no exchange of gunfire. Also, the EU NAVFOR would not reveal the vessel’s name in accordance with military policy. Read more.

Ten Kenyans, six of them policemen, seized in the Comoros while escorting a ship are still in custody, reports AllAfrica.

The group, which was arrested last Saturday, said on Sunday they had been arraigned in court on Friday.

The officers, who are facing charges of being in the country illegally, said the hearing was scheduled for Tuesday. According to one of the officers who called the Nation on Sunday, the Kenyans did not know when they would be released.

"We could have died since Comoros military thought we were pirates while we were searching for Anjouan port. "We surrendered and we were arrested. Now we are in the Comoros authorities' custody," said the officer.

Reports from Comoros say that after the officers were taken back to the vessel, which is guarded by navy officers. Coast provincial police boss Aggrey Adoli confirmed that the officers were attached to his office. Speaking to the Nation from Comoros, one of the officers said that the authorities had confiscated their firearms, uniforms and documents.

He said they were arrested after the captain of the vessel they were escorting failed to locate the port. Mr Adoli, however, maintained that the officers had been released.

He said he received a message from the Comoros officials confirming the release of the six officers and four civilians who were aboard MV Squirrel and they were expected in Mombasa in a couple of days.

"The group was held because of customs issues but we have moved in to ensure they are released," he said.

He went on: "The ship's crew are safe and we would like to confirm that rumours that the officers are being held by pirates are baseless." The ship, which was transporting oil exploration equipment, was seized by the Comorian authorities near Grande Comore after it ran out of fuel.

But even as Mr Adoli maintained that all was well, Seafarers Assistance Programme coordinator Andrew Mwangura questioned the circumstances under which Kenyan police officers were allowed to escort a ship past the Kenyan Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Mr Mwangura said it was unusual for Kenyan police to move past the EEZ as there were private security firms that provided such services.

The controversial Puntland Marine Police Force (PMPF) sent a small unit to begin operations in the coastal town of Eyl. Sources in Eyl, and with the PMPF, confirmed toSomalia Report, writes Robert Young Pelton, who states that the initial convoy will start construction of an airstrip, water-drilling and will establish a small base from which to support anti-piracy operations. Security operations will also begin in conjunction with the local government. This is the second time the force has been deployed to a coastal area, but the move to Eyl may be the first major show of force that the Puntland government has made in their fight against piracy. President Farole was born in Eyl, and appeared there in 2010 to warn the pirates that his forces would return.

The move is also in line with a number of recent efforts from in other regions like Galmadug and Somaliland to crack down on piracy.

The Marine Police Force has also brought on an additional 400 or so new recruits which will bring the current total strength to about half of the eventual expected 1000 men. Read more.

An Italian cruise liner carrying more than 1,000 people was adrift without power in the pirate-infested Indian Ocean on Monday after a fire erupted in its generator room. The blaze was extinguished without causing any injuries, an official said, - Washington Post.

Tug boats from the island nation of Seychelles were steaming toward the drifting Costa Allegra, which had 636 passengers and 413 crew members on board, but they were not expected to arrive until Tuesday afternoon at the earliest.

Italian coast guard officials said a large French fishing boat could be the first vessel to reach the stricken cruise liner.

Monday’s fire on the Costa Allegra immediately raised fears, since it occurred only six weeks after one of its sister ships, the Costa Concordia, hit a reef and capsized off Italy, killing 25 people and leaving seven missing and presumed dead. Both ships are operated by Costa Crociere SpA, which is owned by the Florida-based Carnival Corp.

However, company officials rushed to play down concerns.

The Costa Allegra is adrift “and being pushed by the current. It is stable and upright,” Costa Crociere SpA official Giorgio Moretti told reporters in a conference call late Monday from company headquarters in Genoa, Italy.

No one was injured in the fire in the generator room and the cause of the fire was under investigation, Moretti said. The fire knocked out power to the ship’s engines as well as to its lights and air conditioning. Read more.

The cruise ship was safely towed to the Seychelles by a combination of French trawlers and Seychelles coastguard vessel.

West Africa

Armed pirates robbed a cargo ship at anchor in a Nigerian port and kidnapped at least two crew members in the latest of several attacks off Africa’s west coast, an international maritime watchdog said Wednesday, reports Marine Insight.

The International Maritime Bureau echoed a warning this week by the United Nations that pirate attacks off West Africa’s Gulf of Guinea are becoming more rampant and violent.

In the latest attack Tuesday, eight Nigerian pirates armed with machine guns fired at a Curacao-flagged vessel, Breiz Klipper anchored at Port Harcourt before boarding the ship, said Noel Choong, who heads the bureau’s piracy reporting center in Kuala Lumpur.

The pirates robbed the crew before fleeing in a small speedboat with the ship’s captain and chief engineer, he said. One crew member was injured and another was reported missing, Choong said. He added that it was unclear whether the missing crew member also had been kidnapped.

The Dutch-owned vessel laden with refrigerated cargo has 14 crew members from Russia, Ukraine and the Philippines, he said. He did not say which country or countries the kidnapped crew members are from. Nigerian authorities are investigating, he added.Read more.

The waters off West Africa's coast, the Gulf of Guinea, are a growing source of oil and have recently seen a spike in piracy for theft of its riches, a development seen to be fuelled partly by rising crude prices, says Malaysia MSN News. Attacks on vessels have grown in number and scope, spreading across a broader region in what is becoming a new piracy hotspot. Vessels carrying petroleum products have been the most targeted.

As oil prices hit nine-month highs this week, the leader of the small West Africa country of Togo called on the UN Security Council to create an international group to combat piracy. The group could be styled along the lines of one battling pirates off Somalia on the eastern side of the continent. Governments and investors in the region are concerned.

Most of the attacks in the past year have been concentrated off the coast of Nigeria's commercial hub of Lagos and nearby Cotonou, the capital of Benin. Read more.

A rising tide of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea is threatening peace and development in West Africa - UN Radio.

According to one study, up to $2 billion a year is lost due to attacks on oil tankers operating in the region.

On Monday, the UN Security Council debated the issue of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea, the name given to the north-eastern part of the Atlantic Ocean which stretches from Liberia to Gabon. Dianne Penn reports via podcast: duration: 2’50″.

The violent hijack of a Dutch cargo ship off the Nigerian coast has highlighted the increase in piracy in the area. The captain and chief engineer were kidnapped and one crew member injured in Tuesday's attack, AllAfrica.

Somalia may have the reputation as the world's centre for maritime piracy, but an umbrella group of insurers have designated the coastal waters of Nigeria and Benin as a danger zone - the same category as Somali waters.

Thirty nations have vessels participating in an anti-piracy fleet in and around the coastal waters of Somalia. While this intervention is having some effect with the number of attacks decreasing slightly last year, a similar problem is emerging at the other side of the continent.

There is a difference though: in East Africa ships and their crews are only released after the pirates have been paid paying millions of dollars in ransom, while in West Africa ships are not high jacked but attacked and robbed. Read more.

Twelve nations from around the world have kicked off Exercise Obangame Express 2012 in the Gulf of Guinea. The aim of the four-day military exercise is to fight piracy, oil theft, smuggling and other maritime security issues - Defence Web.

The exercise, which began on Monday, is being hosted by Nigeria through the Navy’s Eastern Naval Command. The other nations participating include the United States, Belgium, Spain, Cameroon, Gabon, Ghana, the Republic of Congo, Benin, Sao Tome & Principe and Togo.

Nigeria’s Chief of Naval Staff, Vice Admiral Ola Ibrahim said that warships from the participating countries arrived at Eastern Naval Command headquarters on Sunday, reports the African Press Agency.

Ibrahim said the exercise should bring about cooperation amongst the navies involved and should make sure that the Nigerian Navy and its vessels are ready for future challenges. Read more.

South America

Some Berbice fishermen are thanking God for being alive after being attacked and robbed by pirates around midnight on Saturday last, according to Kaieteur News Online.

Reports are that pirates attacked five Guyanese fishing vessels in Surinamese waters on Friday.

They also stole one of the boats which they used to escape with money, seines, engines and a large supply of gasoline taken from their victims. According to Nacho Manohar aka “Fire” of Number 66 Village, Corentyne, Berbice, he is the owner of two of the affected boats.

“I had six boats out there working and all near each other but pirates attack two. They take away the gasoline and engines and use one of the boats to get away. All the men went to do fishing together. One of the other boats that get robbed belongs to my brother Jewan.”

The boat owner explained that a rescue team left sometime yesterday with another one of his boats to aid the affected fishermen.

All of his boats are deep sea fishing boats that are 53 feet in length. At present, the traumatized victims are at Copenaam, Suriname, helping police with investigations. Read more.

Malaysian vessel, Albedo, hijacked in November 2010, is nearing release, according toSomalia Report. The pirate negotiators had agreed on a ransom price with the vessel owners, and are now awaiting the ransom. In the meantime, Somalia Report is monitoring developments on the potential for the Liquid Velvet to soon be released, as pirates and vessel owners have come to a ransom agreement, according to maritime sources in Mombasa. Today, the vessel was seen changing position; an indication the pirates are preparing for the ransom drop. See Somalia Report's Piracy Report.

An appeal against a judgment that stopped Kenyan courts from trying piracy cases failed to proceed due to the absence of one judge sitting in the five-judge bench, writesDaily Nation.

The court was informed that Mr Justice Philip Waki was out of the country on official duties and would be back next week.

“The matter is partly heard and can only be heard by the full bench of five judges. We have to wait for Justice Waki to come back,” said Mr Justice Samuel Bosire on behalf of three other judges.

The other judges are Justices Emmanuel O’Kubasu, Erastus Githinji and Joseph Nyamu.

Director of Public Prosecutions Keriako Tobiko has appealed against a High Court ruling that Kenyan courts have no jurisdiction to try piracy cases.

Mr Tobiko maintains that Kenyan courts derive jurisdiction from International Law, which declares piracy an international crime and says suspected pirates can be charged in any country in which they are captured.

In November 2010, Supreme Court judge Mohammed Ibrahim, who was then High Court judge in Mombasa, dealt a blow to the country’s fight against piracy by terminating the prosecution of nine suspected Somali pirates.

He ruled that Kenyan courts were not conferred with powers to deal with matters which have taken place outside its territorial waters.

Italian Naval Guards

The outcome of the court case on Italian marines shooting Indian fishermen off the Kerala coast could become a landmark in international law, influencing the rules of ship security around the globe, legal experts feel - Telegraph India.

“Piracy is increasing around the world and it can be prevented only by having armed guards aboard ships,” said Bechu Kurien Thomas, maritime lawyer and member of the governing council of the Kochi-based Indian Institute of Maritime Law.

“This can be done by having private guards; or the naval forces of the respective countries can offer security. But then it can set off incidents like this again. Countries will have to sit together and find a way out.”

V.M. Syam Kumar, lecturer in international law at the National University for Advanced Legal Studies, said there already was a settled law on the subject but conceded that the presence of the marines did throw up a new point.

Kumar believes India is in an advantageous position in the row over the shooting although it occurred in the contiguous zone, the band of water just outside the country’s territorial waters.

“Our basic document, which reflects the spirit of the UN Conference on the Law of the Sea, is the Territorial Waters, Continental Shelf, Exclusive Economic Zone and other Maritime Zones Act of 1976. But unlike the UN convention, which confers only immigration, sanitation, customs and fiscal jurisdiction on signatory states, the 1976 law also gives the Indian government the power to enforce security in the zone,” he said.

“The presence of Italian Marines, who are members of the security forces, does throw up a new point. Had it been a warship, the situation would have been totally different and we would not have been able to even arrest the sailors. Now the question to be decided is whether the soldiers would also enjoy some kind of sovereign status.”

V.J. Mathew, counsel for the Italian oil tanker Enrica Lexie, whose security guards were involved in the shooting, agreed.

“Many countries are now resorting to the practice of allowing their marines to guard private ships. But there is still no settled international law on what should be done if they are involved in crimes of similar nature in territorial waters or otherwise.” (Image: AP).

Eight months after SA-linked private military company Saracen International was fingered in a UN Security Council as the “most egregious threat” to peace and security in the failed state of Somalia, Saracen continues to run and train a private army in violation of UN Security Council resolutions - IOL.co.za.

Saracen, one of a cluster of shadowy private military contractors born from the ashes of the SA/British mercenary outfit Executive Outcomes, after nearly 18 months of military activity in the region, has yet to secure permission to operate as a security provider in a region so volatile Somalia has not had a functioning central government for upwards of 20 years.

Tlali Tlali, the spokesman for the National Conventional Arms Control Committee, confirmed that neither the SA arm of the Saracen operation, nor any of the individuals associated with the Somali adventure had applied for accreditation as legitimate security contractors.

UN Somalia and Eritrea Monitoring Group (SEMG) co-ordinator Matthew Bryden confirmed the company had failed to seek or secure authorisation from the international authority to operate as a private military contractor in Somalia after being fingered in the Monitoring Group’s June 2011 report.

We understand that the UN is in possession of compelling evidence that Saracen has continued with military training and deployment in defiance of the UN’s general arms embargo. The continuing violations of UN Resolutions 1973 and 1976 are expected to be addressed in detail in the SEMG’s forthcoming annual report at midyear.

Saracen’s operation in Somalia is headed by Executive Outcomes stalwart and – until the mercenary outfit was disbanded – holding company director, Lafras Luitingh. Luitingh is also a director of Australian African Global Investments (AAGI) the company primarily involved in logistical supply and procurement for the operation.

The Saracen operation, funded by anonymous donors in the United Arab Emirates, has also been linked to US private military contractor Erik Dean Prince, formerly head of the notorious Blackwater, now operating out of Abu Dhabi as Xe Services. A third shadowy connection uncovered in respect of the Saracen programme is to former Mogadishu CIA bureau chief Michael Shanklin.

Originally contracted under the auspices of Somalia’s fragile Transitional Federal Government (TFG) to train up an anti-piracy task force, and to take care of presidential security, Saracen has since early 2011 been exclusively contracted to the administration of Abdurahman Farole, “president” in the semi-autonomous region of Puntland, and based near the Puntland port of Bossaso. Read more.

The increased success of armed guards reflects poorly on the international governments which should be protecting shipping off the coast of Somalia, Justin Stares writes for Defence Management.

Rather than protecting international trade, European governments have simply outsourced security to the private sector. How can we explain the sharp drop in pirate hijackings off the coast of Somalia? The latest figures from EU Navfor, the European Union's pirate hunters, claim the number of vessels held by pirates in Somalia has dropped to just seven. The estimated number of hostages, according to figures released on February 21, is down to 191. This compares with 33 ships and 733 hostages - mostly Asian seafarers - held in the same month last year.

These statistics are not universally accepted. Non-governmental organisation Ecoterra – the Global Society for Ecology and sound Economy - says Navfor deliberately underreports hijackings by counting only "high-value, often British-insured vessels". But even Ecoterra's count is on the way down: from "at least" 35 larger vessels and 18 smaller vessels in July 2011, to 26 large and 18 small ships in January of this year. Both EU Navfor and the London-based International Maritime Organization say the decline is proof of the success of their hard work. The piracy scourge is being "contained", an EU Navfor commander told a European Parliament seminar last year. The IMO hailed "relatively good progress" in a recent missive. European Commission president Jose Barroso said last month that EU Navfor "had proven successful".

But attacks by pirates on merchant shipping have by no means disappeared. Indeed, they were running at historically high levels in January. What has changed is the pirates' success rate: it has fallen from 20 percent at the beginning of 2011 to a low single-digit figure. Why is this? The combined maritime forces of EU Navfor, the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation and the United States no doubt make a difference. But the real reason is more disturbing: vessels transiting the pirate-infested waters of the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean now routinely carry mercenaries. Commonly referred to by the politically correct term "armed guards", these mercenaries come at a cost of around $1,000 a day each. While they have on occasion been accused of shooting innocent fishermen, mercenaries have until now successfully scared off all pirates. Armed guards work. Read more.

The final draft of the GUARDCON contract is now in the hands of BIMCO's 60-strong Documentary Committee which is ultimately responsible for the vetting and approval for publication of all new and revised BIMCO contracts and clauses. The Committee's primary task is to assess whether the draft agreement for the employment of security guards on vessels meets the standard expected of a BIMCO contract - Safety4Sea.

This is the third and final phase of development. It follows two months of intense drafting work by a specialist Sub-committee with legal, insurance, P&I and ship operation expertise. The second phase involved consultation on the draft with several reputable international private maritime security companies and a number of leading marine insurance underwriters. The whole development process has also been followed closely by the International Group of P&I Clubs.

BIMCO's Documentary Committee have been given until 7 March to review the draft contract. After that the GUARDCON Sub-committee will reconvene to consider any comments received and then prepare the draft for the approval for publication by the full Committee. Depending on the volume and extent of comments received, this means that GUARDCON may be available to the industry during the second half of March. Read more.

At a meeting held on 28 February 2012, the Industrial Working Group 3 under the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (CGPCS) almost finalized a document addressed at maritime security companies offering the services of civilian, armed guards to prevent acts of piracy on ships in the Indian Ocean - Danish Maritime Authority.

In addition, the working group almost finalized a document addressed at flag States on the implementation of best practices for preventing piracy.

Now, the documents will be submitted to the IMO (United Nations’ International Maritime Organization) in the hope is that the IMO can finalize the guidelines at a meeting in May 2012. Read more of entire meeting summary HERE.

The UK government has made changes to the licensing rules for Private Maritime Security Companies (“PMSCs”) operating in the high risk areas off Somalia- Shiptalk.

Depending on who you speak to this will either make it easier or tougher for them to operate. Given that many were wrestling with the past requirements of the initial system of Standard Individual Export Licences (SIEL), Open Individual Export Licences (OIEL) and Standard and Open Individual Trade Control Licences (otherwise known as a SITCL or OITCL) then the changes should perhaps be seen as progress.

The “simplification” comes in the form of the Open General Trade Control License (Maritime Anti Piracy) – (“OGTCL”) aimed specifically at those providing armed guards on board ships.

The license came into effect on 23 February 2012 and covers UK PMSCs carrying out business in the UK, or maritime security companies which are run by UK persons to engage in the supply, delivery and transfer of controlled goods between overseas territories.

It imposes tight controls on the way in which PMSCs can conduct their business. Read more.

Ministers "agreed to extend the mandate of EU-NAVFOR Atalanta until December 2014", a statement said as talks focused on Syria and Serbia began in Brussels -Malaysia MSN News.

Diplomatic sources last week said discussions were being held on fine-tuning "an enlargement of the area of operations of the anti-piracy mission to the beach", but there was no mention of this idea in the statement.

Though no boots on the ground, European Union nations see a scope for extending their capacity to take action against trucks, supplies, boats and fuel stocked by pirates on the beaches.

Atalanta, typically consisting of a handful of surface combat vessels plus one or two back-up ships and two to three reconnaissance aircraft, is tasked with escorting merchant vessels carrying humanitarian aid to Somalia while detering and disrupting piracy.

Since its launch it has arrested and sent for prosecution 117 suspected pirates and last year alone disrupted 27 pirate action groups.

EU nations believe beach operations launched from sea or air, and if agreed by the Somali government and the United Nations, would bolster the anti-piracy mission.

But Germany, which has troops active in the mission, needs further information on rules of engagement before Berlin can greenlight any operational extension, sources said.

The Indian Navy's action against the Somalian pirates off the Gulf of Aden has resulted in the seas on the Indian side being declared a safe area for merchant ships. "Many ships have been taking the route off the Indian coast after the Indian Navy's strong action against the Somalian pirates," said Captain Pottengal Mukundan, Director, International Maritime Bureau Piracy Reporting Centre (PRC) - Times of India.

Speaking to TOI, Captain Mukundan said that there have not been any incidents of Somali type hijacking in Indian territorial waters though in the last year (2011), 450 crew members have been taken hostage in Somali hijackings of 28 vessels. The IMB's Piracy Reporting Centre has been monitoring piracy worldwide since 1991.

While refusing to comment on the recent killing of two fishermen off the Indian waters by two Italian navy men abroad the merchant ship, Enrica Lexie, Captain Mukundan said that the law of the flag state prevails on the vessel. It is also subject to the laws of the coastal state in whose territorial waters the vessel is in. These laws determine the carriage of armed teams and the rules under which they operate. Read more.

The UK and Dutch authorities have agreed to jointly fund a new piracy intelligence unit in the Seychelles - TradeWinds News.

The two nations are to fund the initial resources for a Regional Anti-Piracy Prosecutions Intelligence Coordination Centre (RAPPICC).

The UK is providing £550,000 ($873,000) to the RAPPICC, as well as its first director. The Dutch are chipping in EUR300,000 ($400,000) and two secondees.

UK Foreign Secretary William Hague signed the statement of cooperation with Dutch counterpart Uri Rosenthal in London last week.

The RAPPICC will coordinate and analyse intelligence to inform tactical law enforcement options, including the turning of intelligence into useable evidence for prosecutions both in the region and further afield.

The UK and Dutch agreement comes in the wake of the London Conference on Somalia, which brought together over 50 countries and international organisations to agree a series of practical measures to support Somalia including further measures to tackle piracy and its root causes. Read more.

International shipping lines are seriously thinking about the safety of their vessels transiting East African waters as the threat of Somali piracy grows, says Defence and Military Veterans Affairs Minister Lindiwe Sisulu.

Speaking at a Parliamentary press briefing on Sunday, Sisuslu said the threat was growing with 17 incidents reported in Tanzanian waters during the past year - Business Live.

"As the international patrols off the Somali coast hamper the pirates' ability to operate there, then they move further down and away from the coast," she said.

Last year SA deployed one of its four modern German-built frigates into the Mozambique Channel and Sisulu signed an agreement with her Mozambique counterpart to allow the SA Navy to patrol offshore waters there.

Sisulu said the SA government's policy with piracy would be changing to deterrence from one of reaction, meaning that the fleet would have to mount a standing patrol of ships and aircraft up the east African coast rather than wait for an incident to happen and then respond.

"Because of this we want the Durban naval facilities to be returned to being a proper base," she said.

The SA Navy has had facilities on Salisbury Island in Durban Harbour since before World War 2. However, these were downgraded to a refueling and support station during the defence budget cuts of the late 1990s.

Chief of the SA Navy Vice-Admiral Refiloe Midumu has called for the refurbishment of the Durban facilities several times in the past and most recently at an SA Development Community Standing Maritime Committee meeting in the harbour city last week.

Last year cabinet agreed this should be done, however, Sisulu conceded that no budget had been allocated for this.

At Sunday's press briefing Sisulu bemoaned the limited funds available to the SA National Defence Force. Read more.

Last Thursday’s London Somalia Conference has been dismissed as having broken no new ground, and recycling the same tired old rhetoric. Wrong. The big story at the conference was precisely in the photo opportunities, and the actions that the regional players in the region took so that they could look strong on the world stage in London -Africa.No.

The pictures of the London meeting tell the story. The “high table” and front row in the photos was given, in addition to British Prime Minister David Cameron, to the regional power brokers in Somalia. Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi, Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni, and Kenyan President Mwai Kibaki, the “big boys,” were always together to the right in the front. Burundi’s President Pierre Nkurunziza, was often in a row or two back — by fact of his shyness, not lack of clout on Somalia. And to the left edge, the leader of one of the newer members of Amisom — Djibouti’s President Ismael Omar Guelleh.

In most of the photos, Museveni wears the arrogant bored look of someone who has nothing to prove. It was his moment of vindication.

The June 2011 Somalia Conference in Kampala that extended by one year the life of the Transitional Federal Government, and from which Abdiweli Mohamed Ali emerged as the new prime minister, was definitely more important than the London meet. So was the April 2011 9th Extraordinary Summit of the East African Community heads of state in the Tanzanian capital, Dar es Salaam, that signalled a shift to a more aggressive posture toward the Al Shabaab militants, and was the first high level group anywhere to suggest that the TFG should get an extension.

Nevertheless, the London Conference was significant, because for the first time it brought together all the international players who have a stake in Somalia, but have been hiding their hand. Read more.

For three years President James Michel had wanted the international community to act on the subject of Somalia and in the process it would have helped stop the conniving activities of pirates, writes The People Online.

The President has acted selfless towards Somalia, even in his intervention last week in London, he has called for solutions to the political and humanitarian crisis in that poverty-stricken country, and as a result, he said, the way out will put an end to piracy. With their problems solved, the Somalis will not be a setback to his country’s growing economy and that of other countries of the Indian Ocean region.

The greatest forte of President James Michel is his ability to stand up for what he strongly believes in. As President of Seychelles, he has always advocated that his actions would prove how much he was serious in this role. And, even if it took only him to request to the world to take concrete actions to put an end to a threat that had already caused damages to one of its country’s greatest economic asset, fisheries, the President is on the right track to attain his final objectives.

Last week President Michel received full and timely attention of the international community and they have now a blueprint to work with in order to help Somali and bring to an end the criminal activities like piracy. The President’s message was simple: Somali pirates must not be given the freedom to attack and take hostage Seychellois fishermen, already they have two.

It shall be recalled that in November last year when the two Seychellois fishermen were taken by pirates, the President was outspoken on the issue. He wrote letters to world leaders asking them to take action, at this instant. Read more.

The Defence Minister Shri AK Antony has called for global efforts to uproot the threat of piracy. Inaugurating the Annual National Maritime Foundation Conference here today, Shri Antony said India has already submitted certain proposals at the United Nations. “If ever there was a need for consensual and cooperative effort, it is in relation to piracy and India has put forward certain proposals at the United Nations.” - Marine Insight.

The Defence Minister pointed out that the Indian Navy has made significant contribution to the global anti-piracy efforts in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) since 2008. “What is significant is that more than 85 percent of the ships escorted by the Indian Navy are of foreign flag.” Shri Antony said that the challenge of piracy is yet to be effectively quarantined. “There is a consensus that while the pirates can be neutralized at sea, the real solution lies in addressing the root causes, which are complex and are actually located on land.”

The Defence Minister also voiced concern at the military presence of world’s major powers in the IOR despite the waters being far from their shores. “Unlike the Atlantic and Pacific, few of the major powers are geographically contiguous to its waters and yet they have maintained a certain military presence and abiding politico-diplomatic interest in these waters,” Shri Antony said. “In the Indian Ocean Region, the net outcome is a constant turbulence of intense diplomatic activity and substantial military investments by the major powers,” he added. Read full address HERE.

"India stands ready to contribute to international efforts aimed at increasing effective cooperation among States in the region to tackle the threat of piracy and armed robbery at sea," India's Permanent Representative Hardeep Singh Puri told the UN Security Council Monday - Two Circles.

Piracy off both coasts of Africa shows the instability prevalent in the regions and the reach of organized terrorist and criminal groups, he said noting pirate attacks are adversely affecting the emerging oil industry of the region as well as the commercial shipping and mariners.

India has been at the forefront of highlighting the menace of piracy off the coast of Somalia and stressing the urgent need for the international community to work towards a comprehensive counter-piracy strategy, Puri said.

India is also concerned about the surge in piracy in the Gulf of Guinea, including its economic and social cost," he said.

"While the two situations are quite different in proportion at this stage, it is quite possible that the failure of the international community to act decisively against piracy off the coast of Somalia could have spawned a new surge in piracy in the Gulf of Guinea," Puri said.

"Time has now come for the Council to translate the attention it has been paying to the problem into a concrete plan of action."

The Indian envoy also stressed that this being a regional problem, it is necessary that action should involve full cooperation of the international community, led by the United Nations, with the countries of West Africa and regional and sub-regional organizations.

The Chinese Navy is once again sending forces to Somalia to target piracy in the Gulf of Aden. China first began patrolling the waters along with an international flotilla in 2008. Since then, it's undertaken ten such missions - protecting some 4500 ships - China.org.

The farewell ceremony is becoming more and more familiar to the Chinese navy these days. A fleet left the port Qingdao on Monday morning, ready to carry out its orders.

Yang Junfei, fleet commander, said, "Fleet 113 ready for duty." Ding Yiping, deputy commander of Chinese navy, said, "Set Sail!"

The fleet brings a destroyer, missile frigate, support ship, 2 helicopters and special forces to bear on the region - a total of 800 naval personnel are involved. Read more (includes video interview with EUNAVFOR Chief of Staff, Capt Haslam).

The success of Somali pirates from 2008-2010 drew rapid reactions from the shipping industry as vessel owners and operators tried to find ways to safeguard their vessels from attack. However it was quickly apparent that for every measure the shipping industry implemented, pirates adapted quickly, and successful attacks would continue, says MUSC analysts - Link2.

By 2010, there had been many innovations in ship security, some successful and some not. Fire hoses spraying over the rail could be replaced with expensive systems designed to perform the same function in a more effective manner. Hardening became widely utilised and to this day remains a key tool in preventing a boarding, and citadels had been a tactic imported from Nigerian security operations to keep crews out of the hands of pirates until help could arrive on the scene in the form of naval forces.

The armed guards turning point - However, in 2011 there was a rapid rise in the number of vessels employing teams of armed guards on board while transiting through the High Risk Area. This represented a significant shift in attitudes, as until 2010 the majority of companies and flag states were openly hostile to the use of armed guards in ship security. Many published articles labelled security operators ‘mercenaries’ and ‘guns for hire’ and focussed on the heavily negative image of private security firms operating onshore in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Many of these questions remain open to interpretations, but the fact remains that at least 1 in 10 vessels transiting through the High Risk Area carries a team of armed guards, and that number is rising. Read more.

The international community is well aware that the continued disintegration of Somalia encourages piracy and extremism, which is exported around the world. The continuing scourge of piracy in the Arabian Sea, and the ghastly possibility that Yemen may slip into a similar situation, has concentrated people's minds to help find some kind of answer for Somalia - Gulf News.

A thoughtful policy briefing on Somalia published last month by the International Crisis Group, makes clear that the next six months offer a window of opportunity, "as the mandate of the feeble and dysfunctional Transitional Federal Government [which only controls the suburbs of the capital Mogadishu] expires in six months". Read more.

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton on Thursday threatened sanctions on anyone blocking reforms intended to end Somalia’s “hopeless, bloody conflict” and counter militant and pirate groups seen as a growing menace to world security. This comes as it was reported that Somali pirates pulled in $170-million from ransoms in 2011, up from about $110-million in 2010 - National Post.

Addressing a conference aimed at energizing attempts to end more than 20 years of anarchy, Clinton also demanded greater efforts to cut funding for al Qaeda-linked Al-Shabab militants fighting Somalia’s weak Transitional Federal Government (TFG). Read more

CAPETOWN – Almost two years in captivity, the family of two South Africans kidnapped by Somali pirates are seeking mosque help to win their release, reports Neptune Maritime Security.

Vera Hecht, a sister of Bruno Pelizzari who is held by Somali pirates, told OnIslam.net that she will be visiting all Somali-run mosques in South Africa to seek the help of Muslim worshippers to rescue her family.

Pellizari was kidnapped by pirates along with Debbie Calitz in October 2010 while on the yacht Choizil which was sailing from Tanzania to Richard's Bay in South Africa.

The Somali community in South Africa will also join efforts to win the release of the two South African nationals.

"We will be holding a community meeting on Friday to discuss a strategy on how to start a campaign for the release of the two kidnapped South African nationals," Abdullahi Ali Hassan, a Somali community leader in Cape Town, told OnIslam.net.

South Africa is home to a large Somali community, which owns several mosques across the country.

Abdullahi said Somalis are grateful to South Africans for having assisted them during the famine which ravaged their Horn of Africa country.

“In a gesture of goodwill, we will try our best to ensure that the two South Africans are freed,” Abdullahi said. Read more.

Today [1 March] is the first anniversary of SaveOurSeafarers and we would like to thank everyone who has supported us in helping to raise awareness of the human and economic cost of Somali piracy, says SaveOurSeafarers.

Our campaign has gathered serious momentum since the launch, and represents the largest global grouping of seafarers’ organisations, shipping companies and shipping industry associations including IMEC, BIMCO, Intermanager, INTERTANKO and the ITF.

In addition, the campaign has gained the support of the Philippine and Georgian governments and obtained coverage in key global publications including, Time, the Sunday Times and the Wall Street Journal.

We have helped to secure increasing political awareness and interest in the issue, including the recent International Conference on Somalia held in London last week, but there is still a long way to go.

We would like to thank you all for your on-going support that has helped bring this issue to the forefront of international attention.
OCEANUSLive has supported the campaign throught the year, however, considering the breadth of the problem of piracy affecting so many nations, feel there is still a long way to go to increase awareness of the human and economic cost of piracy and see a firmer stance from governments, including assisting the people of Somalia. We wish them continued success in the campaign and look for the day when it is no longer required.

Hijacks:

Arabian Sea - A Dhow, Al Assma, was reported HIJACKED by pirates in 1 skiff in position 15:01N - 054:56E at 1206 UTC, approximately 145nm North of Soctora Island. Reported (via NSC) 28 Feb. Since the hijack, military forces temporarily disrupted the dhow acting as a mothership, however, pirates may replenish the vessel and commence mothership activities.

Unsuccessful Attacks (All regions):

Gulf of Guinea - LATE Report: Five robbers in a canoe approached an anchored guard vessel during heavy rain at 0230 LT: Posn: 04:45S – 011:48E, Pointe Noire Anchorage, The Congo. ne of the robbers boarded the vessel and stole ship stores. C/O on watch noticed the robber with a long knife on the main deck and raised the alarm. Crew mustered and shouted at the robber who jumped overboard and escaped with his accomplices. Incident reported to the local police and port authorities. Reported (via IMB) 30 Jan.
Gulf of Oman - A Singapore-flagged container ship, Kota Hakim, underway noticed three skiffs at a distance of 2nm approaching her at high speed at 0315 UTC: position 26:08.9N - 056:42.1E, Northern approaches to Stratis of Hormuz, Gulf of Oman. Master raised alarm, activated SSAS, altered course, non-essential crew mustered in the citadel and the onboard armed guards took their position. The armed guards fired warning shots when the skiffs closed to a distance of 1nm resulting in the pirates aborting the attack and moving away. Reported (via IMB) 25 Feb.
Arabian Sea - Pirates in three skiffs with ladders doing around 20 knots chased a Singapore-flagged container ship, Kota Arif, underway at 0500 UTC: in position 20:19.6N - 059:23.4E, around 30nm east of Masirah Island, Oman. Non-essential crew took shelter in the citadel and security team deployed. Master informed UKMTO who advised ship to alter course towards a coalition warship. After chasing for around 30 minutes, the skiffs aborted the attempt and moved away. Reported (via IMB) 25 Feb.
Singapore Strait - An unlit speed boat approached a singapore-flagged tug, Crest Gold 1 towing a barge at 0100 LT: in position 01:16.1N - 104:17.6E, 11nm from Horsburgh Lighthouse, Singapore Straits. The speed boat came alongside the tug and four robbers boarded the tug while two remained in the boat. the robbers wearing masks and armed with guns and knives took hostage Chief Engr & Third Engr who did not know the robbers had boarded. The 2nd officer on bridge noticed the robbers and raised the alarm. All crew except the bridge crew, who were guarded by some robbers were taken hostage. They then stole crew and ship properties and cash and escaped in the waiting boat. The incident was reported to Singapore Coast Guard. Reported (via IMB) 26 Feb.
West Africa - Three robbers in a canoe, armed with knives, boarded from the port side main deck an anchored Offshore Supply Ship at 1522 UTC: Position 05:16N – 004:01W, Abidjan Inner Anchorage 9, Ivory Coast. One robber threatened the watch man with a knife while the other two took the pressure washer and ran away. The alarm was raised. Port control was informed. After a short while the harbour police patrol boat came and returned the stolen item. No injuries and no damage to the vessel. Reported (via IMB) 26 Feb.
Red Sea (BAM) - Malta-flagged bulk carrier, Happy Venture, underway at 0430 UTC in position 12:29N - 043:41E, noticed nine skiffs approaching aggressively at starboard side and one skiff at port side. The master raised the alarm, increased speed and began evasive manoeuvres. One skiff with 10-15 pirates onboard closed in to a distance of less than one NM and the security team fired warning shots. The skiff stopped its approach for a moment and began to chase the ship again. The security team fired more warning shots, resulting in the pirates aborting the attempted attack and rejoining the other skiffs. Coalition warship arrived at scene. Reported 27 Feb.
Red Sea (BAM) - MV came under attack in Bab-el Mandeb Strait (BAM) at 0700 UTC in position 12:34N - 043:30E. Six POB in 2 white skiffs came within approx 1nm of MV. Shots fired at vessel, but vessel is SAFE. Reported (Via NSC/NMS) 28 Feb.
Arabian Sea - Panama-flagged chemical tanker, MV Pacific Horizon II, approached by a skiff w/ 3 pirates at approximately 120nm south of Omani coast at 0550 UTC in position 16:03N - 058:58E. Boarding ladders were sighted, and skiff closed to distance of 2 cables. Master raised the alarm, evasive manoeuvres were made, fire pumps activated and the armed security team provided help. Later the skiff stopped its approach and the tanker continued its passage. The mother vessel was seen in the vicinity. The MV is SAFE. Reported (via NSC/NMS) 28 Feb.

Arabian Sea - Marshall Island-flagged bulk carrier, Spiliani, followed by a skiff with POB sighted carrying AK-47 automatic weapons at 1130 UTC in position 14:56N - 054:54E. Attempted attack was averted through a combination of BMP measures, including crew mustering in a citadel, and a coalition forces helicopter on the scene. Reported 28 Feb.
Gulf of Guinea - Eight pirates armed with guns in a wooden boat boarded and started firing towards the bridge and galley on an anchored Curacao (Netherlands) refrigerated cargo ship, Breiz Klipper, at 1510 UTC: in position 04:12N - 006:56E, 3nm from Fairway Buoy Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The pirates ransacked the ship and stole crew cash, personnel effects and ship cash and properties. They took hostage the Master and C/E and escaped. The ship informed the local authorities through the agents and sailed to a safe distance without the presence of Master and C/E onboard. One crew wounded and one crew unaccounted for. Reported (via IMB) 28 Feb.
Gulf of Guinea - Seven to eight armed robbers in a boat chased and fired upon a chemical tanker underway at 2110 UTC: in position 04:20.0N - 005:47.0E, around 5nm off Baylesa, Nigeria. Alarm raised, crew mustered on bridge and all access to accommodation secured from inside. The robbers chased the tanker for around an hour before aborting and moving away. All crew safe. Ship sustained gun shot damage. Reported (via IMB) 29 Feb.
Arabian Sea - Panama-flagged MV, Royal Grace, belived to have come under attack by 1 skiff in position 21:27N - 062:37E, approximately 185nm SE of Sur, Oman at 1219 UTC. Reported (via NSC) 2 Mar. No confirmation on whether the vessels has been hijacked has been received to date.

EUNAVFOR figures state 7 vessels and an estimated 191 hostages held captive (Updated 21 Feb). Somalia Report indicates 267 hostages held from captured vessels with a further 26 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 293 hostages. See the latest report. IMB PRC latest figures state 12 vessels with 177 hostages held by Somali pirates HERE. UKMTO figures state 12 ships and 228 hostages in captivity.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity (Click on Map for Larger View)

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News: EU Warship Disrupts PAG; Rescues Crew

Sat, 03 Mar 2012 11:36:04 UTC

EU Warship Disrupts Pirate Action Group & Releases Hostages

Source: EUNAVFOR.eu

EU NAFVOR warship FGS Berlin has successfully engineered the release of an Indian flagged dhow and crew, disrupting a Pirate Action Group and destroying two attack skiffs.

Indian Dhow Hostages released by EU (eunavfor.eu)

On 28 February, EUNAVFOR Warship FGS Berlin received a distress call from a merchant vessel reporting that they had successfully repelled a pirate attack in the Gulf of Aden. The Berlin dispatched one of its helicopters to the position and quickly located a skiff and an Indian flagged and crewed dhow. The crew of the helicopter established that the dhow had been pirated and the crew of 25 Indian nationals were held hostage. The suspected pirates threatened to kill crew members if Berlin took any action against the dhow.

On 29 February FGS Berlin destroyed the two unmanned skiffs towed by the dhow, without which pirates cannot mount any attack against merchant shipping.

Even though Berlin, given the hostages on board of the dhow, was not in a position to prevent the suspected pirates escaping to the Somali Coast, EU NAVFOR has destroyed the attack skiffs, denied the suspect pirates the use of the dhow as a mother-ship and disrupted a Pirate Action Group.

The sustained but measured application of pressure and determination of Berlin not only safeguarded the lives of the hostages but also saved them from a potentially protracted period in captivity.

Once a team from FGS Berlin investigated the situation on board the dhow, four crew members received medical care. After food and water was delivered to the Indian crew, the dhow continued to her next port of call.

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News: Crew Treated As Steering Slaves By Pirates

Wed, 29 Feb 2012 16:13:25 UTC

Pirates Treated Iranian & Pakistani Hostages as Steering Slaves: Danish Navy

Source: AFP

COPENHAGEN - The Iranian and Pakistani crew of a hijacked cargo ship were treated like slaves by Somali pirates before their release in a deadly rescue operation, Denmark's navy said on Wednesday.

A spokesman for the Danish navy, which carried out the dramatic rescue, said it was not clear that the pirates had any idea how to navigate the Iranian vessel which they had been using as a mother ship.

"They were therefore using the crew as sort of slaves," Kenneth Nielson told AFP, pointing out that the pirates had not demanded ransom for the crew members and had not tried to enrich themselves "on the hostage-taking itself."

Sixteen of the crew were rescued on Sunday night in an operation by the Danish warship Absalon, part of a NATO-led counter-piracy mission.

However two other hostages, one Iranian and one Pakistani, were killed in the rescue bid.

The navy has now launched an investigation into the operation, and acknowledged that the two casualties could have by killed by the Danes.

"We cannot rule out that we were the ones who caused the deaths," Navy captain Steen Engelbrecht Pedersen told the Ritzau news agency on Tuesday.

A Danish military prosecutor had opened an investigation to "shed light on what happened," he added.

The Danish warship had been following the hijacked vessel for several days off the Somali coast, according to a Navy statement.

"When the pirates tried to leave the coast, Absalon intervened and stopped the mother ship, before it could pose a threat to shipping in the open sea."

NATO meanwhile said the Absalon had approached the vessel "that had been previously captured by pirates and was being used as a mother-ship."

"When warning shots were unsuccessful, small arms fire from ... Absalon disabled and stopped the vessel. Shortly after, the vessel stopped and the suspected pirates were seen dropping their weapons overboard."

Seventeen pirates had been taken into custody during the operation, according to NATO.

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UPDATE:Stranded Costa Allegra Change of Plan

Tue, 28 Feb 2012 15:14:45 UTC

UPDATED - Costa Allegra Change of Navigation Plan to Port Victoria

Source: Seychelles State Gov

Stranded Costa Allegra - (Phot:Shipspotting.com)

In a statement by Costa Cruises concerning the the sistership to the ill-fated Costa Concordia, Costa Allegra’s change of navigation plan following a fire in the engine room onboard which was extinguished and left the vessel stranded in the pirate-ridden waters of the Indian Ocean; the Seychelles Government has been informed this afternoon by Costa Cruises representatives that have arrived in the country, arrangements are being made for accommodation, transfers to international flights and other necessary services upon their arrival. The Seychelles is assisting the process.

The Seychelles Coast Guard ship Andromache has reached the ship as well as a Seychelles air force plane, and together with the two tugs of the Seychelles Ports Authority, they are escorting the Costa Allegra to Port Victoria.

Expected time of arrival is between late evening of Wednesday and early morning of Thursday, depending on the sea conditions.

The vessel is carrying 1,049 passengers and crew who were reported to have been forced to stay out on the deck at all times due to the loss of power as she drifts in the Indian Ocean. She is now being towed by a French fishing vessel towards the Seychelles. Fresh food has been ferried by helicopter to the stricken liner.

Costa Crociere Update:

February 28, 2012 7p.m. - Today afternoon, around 12.30 pm CET (3:30 pm local time) the two tugs reached the Costa Allegra to assist the ship as well as the second Ocean fishing vessel. Costa Allegra continues to be towed by ocean fishing ship flying French flag “Trévignon” and maintains a speed of about 6 knots. At current speed and with stable weather conditions Costa Allegra may also anticipate its arrival in Mahé on March 1 early morning.

Tomorrow, the arrival of an helicopter will be the expected to deliver flashlights (about 400) and fresh bread, since on board it is not possible to cook it, while there is no lack of food and other comfort items.

Also thanks to the arrival of a small generator, carried by a Navy ship present on site as support, the ship crew is doing everything possible to make the situation on board more comfortable trying to restore basics services on board. The speed of the ship, despite the hot and humid climate, creates a slight breeze that helps making the situation more comfortable.

Meanwhile, today early afternoon, Costa Cruises‘s "Care Team" has arrived in Mahé: a group of 14 people made up of executives and qualified managers as well as specialized technicians with the task of providing the necessary assistance both to the ship and to passengers as well as to crew members on their arrival in Mahé.

“Care Team” members immediately met with local authorities and those responsible for the rescue coordination in order to define the operational details of passengers’ arrival on the island and to guarantee the necessary accommodation in local hotels and an efficient organization for their return back to their final destination.

Eight of them will board Costa Allegra tomorrow morning thanks to a local Navy ship to meet Guests and discuss with them all the necessary arrangements and to assist the ship’s staff in deeper technical inspections. Together with Costa “Care Team”, there will be two officers from Seychelles Immigration to smooth checks and procedures.

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Weekly Piracy Report

Mon, 27 Feb 2012 10:32:55 UTC

24 February 2012

Conference: London the centre of all things Somalia this week, piracy & seafarers fade a little into the background. Hijacked MV Leila fooled by pirates looking for assistance. Late report of hijack and assault off Nigeria. Attacks in Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, but one PAG disrupted. Prison break and prosecutions; Somaliland outlaws piracy. Colonel Oliver North in Somalia. Approving armed guards is 'challenging'. India considers mandating flag state approval of armed guardsin its territorial waters. Ghana gets four new warships. Future airstrikes on pirate bases feasible and legal. Prosecution process, or 'capture & release' methodolgy revealed. The British 'conveyer-belt' of counter piracy as UK funds Seychelles regional anti-piracy centre. Piracy solution should be Somali-owned problem and international agreements are fostered. India v Italy over naval guards. Lloyd's List survey on piracy and a Royal Navy Task Force Commander writes about reducing piracy.

East Africa

MSCHOA confirmed a hijacked vessel as being MV Leila. The Panama-flagged Ro/Ro cargo vessel, with a crew of 15 (some reports state 24 crew), is owned and operated by New Port Cargo & Shipping of Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Reports of a successful hijacking surfaced on Thursday Feb 16, official sources including NATO and UKMTO then confirmed that a merchant vessel had indeed been hijacked by pirates approximately 25nm SE of Sadh (East of Salalah), Oman. Read OCEANUSLive report.

The vessel arrived off the coast of Bargal in the Bari region of the semi-autonomous state of Puntland, according to local officials.
''The pirates and the ship arrived here early this morning. There are 24 crew on the board with different nationalities, some of the crew are from Panama,'' Abdiaziiz Wali, a local official from Bargal, told Somalia Report.
Local residents voiced their concern over the arrival of vessel.
''We have told the pirates in our loudest voice they are not welcome in Bargal, but they have no ears. They are deaf and arrogant. They only know how to do Haraam (forbidden) things. Pirates are not welcome in Bargal. They are thiefs, and their hands should be cut off, as Allah says in the holy book,'' said Osman, a local elder in Bargal. Read more.
NATO Shipping Centre later confirmed that the pirates had carried out the hijack by claiming mechanical problems with their boat and were seeking assistance.

EU NAVFOR combat support warship FGS Berlin responded to a distress signal from a tanker that was under attack by suspected pirates in the Gulf of Aden on Feb 22, reports EUNAVFOR.eu.

On receipt of the radio call the FGS Berlin immediately dispatched her two Seaking helicopters to the area while she closed and when the skiff had been relocated it was stopped and the suspect pirates immediately surrendered to the ship’s boarding team.

The suspects have been transferred to FGS Berlin and further investigations are ongoing.
OCEANUSLive believes the disruption of the PAG is related to an attack on MV North Sea. See Piracy Incidents below.

The London Conference on Somalia released a final communique. Addressing the matter of piracy it "reiterated our determination to eradicate piracy, noting that the problem requires a comprehensive approach on land as well as at sea. We expressed our concern that hostages in Somalia are being held longer and with more use of violence. We welcomed the work of the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia. We also welcomed the success of international military efforts, and remain committed to such efforts with robust rules of engagement and sufficient force generation. We agreed that piracy cannot be solved by military means alone, and reiterated the importance of supporting communities to tackle the underlying causes of piracy, and improving the effective use of Somali coastal waters through regional maritime capacity-building measures. We welcomed those initiatives underway and agreed to coordinate and support such initiatives better. We called for full implementation of the Djibouti Code of Conduct and the adoption of an Exclusive Economic Zone. We look forward to reviewing progress including at the Piracy Conference in the UAE in June." Read more.

As the London Conference on Somalia kicked off today, the Union Jack [Flag] was seen flying in the streets of Mogadishu, alongside the blue star banner of Somalia, on the road linking the presidential palace and Aden Adde international airport.
The area was heavily cordoned off by Transitional Federal Government (TFG) security forces, who prevented civilians from freely accessing the area where the flag was displayed.

Local residents in the employ of the TFG were allegedly instructed by officials from Banadir administration to raise the flag. writes Somalai Report.

Locals are reportedly following the London conference with great interest, actively monitoring developments through the radio and news websites. Read more.

The livelihood of the Somali fishermen who work in the area around Mogadishu is dependent on fishing on a daily basis. They are currently struggling to continue their employment after a series of attacks by warships belonging to international forces patrolling the waters of Indian ocean, the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden to protect ships from pirate attacks. It appears the warships suspect the fishermen of belonging to or supporting the pirates.

At least eight fishermen are still missing from two fishing vessels which were attacked last week, according to the fishermen in Mogadishu's coastline of Lido. Colleagues in Barawe called the fishermen in Mogadishu and were told that they have found the two boats empty.

Somalia Report speak to Mogadishu fishermen who are shocked by having their fishing vessels being targeted during fishing trips. A fisherman, Saad Madey, told Somalia Report about the consequence of attacks and what the fishers are now planning to do, "Our jobs are in jeopardy recently. There were similar attacks in the past which started once the piracy activities emerged in our oceans, but the degree of danger is now much higher. The situation in the waters of Indian oceans is now appalling. We are still waiting to hear from eight of our friends who have been missing in the ocean for five days now.

We don't know what happen to them, they were on two small fishing boats but we found the boats alone off the shores in Barawe."

Saad said he is concerned about whether there is a future for fishermen in Somalia at all, as a result of the obstacles against the fishing which supports the lives of thousands of Somali fishermen. “We cannot afford to stop fishing because of this kind of aggression, but we are keeping our fingers crossed to see what happens in every next minute. Always vigilant, stay connected and even make sure for the decision to go the sea very carefully. Some boats already went for fishing today, some others are planning to do so, but most of the fishers are not working today, and have not been during the past three days,"; Saad Madey said.

Retired US Lt Colonel Oliver North provides a report for FOX News on the newly formed Puntland Marine Police Force. See video HERE.

A group of pirate attacked the central police station in north Galkayo on Monday night, armed with an assortment of weapons including AK47s and PKM light machine guns. Officials from the semi-autonomous region of Puntland and witnesses told Somalia Report that pirates released one of their colleagues from the station after they had overwhelmed the defending police officers.

After an extensive exchange of gunfire, the pirates entered the police station and released one pirate, who had been arrested earlier in the day by Puntland authorities.

"The pirates were very well armed. They exchanged gunfire with police officers but there were no casualties caused by this incident".

West Africa

In the early hours of January 16, a Bahamas-flagged chemical tanker, at anchor in Lagos, Nigeria, was hijacked by heavily armed pirates, or depending on the definition within territorial waters, heavily armed robbers - OCEANUSLive.
Two heavily armed pirates were spotted on deck of an anchored Bahamas-flagged chemical tanker by the Officer Of the Watch (OOW) who raised the alarm at 0350 LT in the reported position 06:18N - 003:20E, Lagos anchorage, Nigeria.
The Master of the vessel, the name of which has been withheld, contacted the navy on VHF Channel 16, but received no response, according to the International Maritime Bureau, the piracy watchdog based in London and Malaysia.
Non-essential crew locked themselves in a safe location. Meanwhile, the pirates made their way to the bridge, fired warnings shots and gained access ono the bridge. They assaulted the Master and stole his personal effects. In the meantime, another 10 pirates arrived and ordered the Master to heave up anchor and the chief engineer to start the engines. Read more.

President John Evans Atta Mills commissioned four new vessels for the Ghana Navy, the first in 32 years, and underscored the need for the country to secure its maritime domain for its future socio-economic development. He said the nation’s maritime environment abounded in diverse resources, including minerals, oil, gas and various species of fish, which needed to be protected for the economic development and livelihood of the present and future generations - Ghana.gov.

Commissioning the vessels at the Home Port of the Western Naval Command in Sekondi, President Mills said with the increasing incidents of piracy and other related maritime crimes, “we have no option but to equip our Navy to be able to guarantee a secure environment where all legitimate entities can operate freely without hindrance.”

Other threats, he said, include drug trafficking, arms smuggling, dumping of toxic waste, illegal bunkering, illegal fishing and pair-trawling.

The vessels are fast patrol boats fitted with equipment to carry out various operations. They were built by Poly Technologies Incorporated Group in the Quindao Shipyard in China according to specifications by the Ghana Navy.

The ships have been named after venomous snakes in the country’s local languages.

They are the Ghana Navy Ship (GNS) Blika (Blika is a Ga-Dangme word for the cobra), the GNS Garinga (Garinga is a Dagbani word for the venomous viper), the GNS Chemle is an Ahanta word for the black mamba, the longest venomous snake in Africa), and the GNS Ehwor (Ehwor is an Ewe word for the python.)

As part of the commissioning ceremony, the President boarded the GNS Blika and went on a one-hour sea trip. The President was accompanied by some Members of Parliament and other guests.

President Mills said with the addition of the four ships, the Navy should be in a position to maintain continuous presence at sea. Read more.

Nigeria, Africa’s top oil producer, plans to step up maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea to fight piracy and protect the environment off its coast, reports Bloomberg.

Africa’s most populous nation will increase offshore patrols “considering the strategic economic significance of the Gulf of Guinea” to Nigeria, Vice President Namadi Sambo said, according to a statement dated yesterday on the Abuja-based presidency’s website.

A captain and chief engineer on a bulk carrier were shot dead by pirates in the third attack of its kind off Nigeria’s coast since Feb. 9, Cyrus Mody, a London-based manager at the International Maritime Bureau, or IMB, said on Feb. 13.

Nigeria is the fifth-biggest source of U.S. imports. Royal Dutch Shell Plc (RDSA), Exxon Mobil Corp., Chevron Corp. (CVX), Total SA (FP) and Eni SpA (ENI) operate joint ventures with the state-owned Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. that pump about 90 percent of the country’s crude.

Terrorist attacks from Boko Haram and the need to track their collaborators and sponsors as well as checking piracy in Nigerian waters and the Gulf of Guinea have been advanced as reasons for the participation of President Goodluck Jonathan in the conference on Somalia which was held Thursday in London - This Day Live.

Equally, Kano State Police Command confirmed that two policemen were killed by suspected gunmen, while two other policemen on foot patrol were injured yesterday morning, along Bayero University Kano (BUK) road by Island, after Gidan Murtala in Kano metropolis.

Clarifying on President Jonathan’s visit, Nigeria’s High Commission to the United Kingdom (UK), Alhaji Dalhatu Tafida, said peace and stability in the Somali region would have direct positive impact on Nigeria due to the open corridor leading to the Maghreb region and faulted attacks on Jonathan in the social media over his participation at the conference. Read more.

Kenya accepted on Saturday to try four suspected pirates from neighbouring war-torn Somalia captured by a Danish warship in the Indian Ocean, officials said, according to Capital FM Kenya.

The four Somalis, who were taken aboard the Danish naval vessel patrolling the pirate-infested waters off the coast of the anarchic Horn of African nation on January 7, arrived by airplane in Kenya’s port city Mombasa.

“We are happy the Kenyan government has agreed to try the suspected pirates on their soil,” Danish foreign ministry official Tomas Konigsfeldt said, after the suspects were handed over to Kenyan police.

Denmark had previously sought to hand the men to the Seychelles for prosecution under an agreement that allows regional countries to try suspected pirates, but the Indian Ocean island turned down the request.

“We call upon other countries which signed the agreement to allow suspected pirates tried on their land too,” said Konigsfeldt.

Kenya has already tried and convicted several Somali pirates. The four were expected to appear in court in Mombasa on Monday.

A Mombasa court has dismissed an application by four suspected Somali pirates challenging Kenya's jurisdiction to handle piracy cases. Chief magistrate, Lilian Mutende declined to issue the suspects with bond and directed that they be remanded at Shimo La Tewa prison. The suspects were handed over to the Kenyan authrotiies by the Netherlands navy officers over the preceding weekend. They wer first arraigned in court on Monday but they did not take a plea. Read more Neptune Maritime Security.

A court has ordered nine Somali men to stand trial in Rome next month on charges of piracy for an alleged attack on an Italian cargo vessel off Somalia in October, says Eyewitness News 9.

British and United States forces, patrolling the waters as part of a counter-piracy task force, freed the MV Montecristo in a dramatic rescue, and handed the alleged assailants over to Italian authorities.

The ship had been hauling scrap iron to Vietnam when it was attacked.

Judge Valerio Savio on Monday set the trial date for March 23, the first such trial in Italy. Charges include piracy and the detention of war weapons for terrorism. The British Defense Ministry had said that a "large cache" of weapons was seized, including rocket-propelled grenades.

Somaliland’s parliament has passed legislation recognizing piracy as a crime and allowing for pirates convicted abroad to be transferred to the breakaway enclave, officials said on Wednesday - Al Arabiya.

Somaliland, which declared its independence from Somalia in 1991 but is still not recognized internationally, said the laws were a sign of the territory’s commitment to fighting maritime attacks off Somalia’s shores.

The two laws come ahead of a conference on Somalia in London on Thursday, at which Britain wants to push for the anarchic Horn of Africa country to play a greater role in the fight against a criminal enterprise that costs the world economy billions of dollars each year.

Somalia has lacked effective government for the last two decades, but Somaliland - which has a coastline facing Yemen - has stronger central authority.

Until now, Somaliland has had to charge suspected pirates landed on its shores with armed robbery. Under the new legislation, piracy will carry a maximum jail term of 25 years. Read more.

Italian Naval Guards

Italian navy personnel on board the Enrica Lexie may have shot two Indian fishermen on Wednesday outside Indian territorial waters and the accused may have to be tried, according to the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, in Italian courts. That, too, will happen only if the Italian government wants it. However, reports from Kochi said the arrest of the accused was imminent - Times of India.

Meanwhile, India on Saturday rejected Italy's offer for a joint investigation into the incident.

Arrest of the Italian Navy marines involved in the death of the fishermen seems imminent with the Kerala Police initiating legal proceedings against them on Saturday night. The police has also served a notice to the ship's crew to produce the weapon used to shoot the fishermen. "We are not currently bothered whether the incident took place in Indian waters or international waters. It was an attack on an Indian vessel. International conventions are clear that it is not the place of occurrence of crime, but the ownership of the attacked vessel that determines the jurisdiction,'' the Kochi DGP said.

The detention of two Italian naval officers over the fatal shooting last week of two Indians at sea has caused a diplomatic rift that deepened Wednesday, exposing the risks countries run by increasing the use of arms on commercial vessels to deter piracy, comments Wall Street journal.

In the past week since two Indian fishermen died in a boat off the southwest coast of India, neither India nor Italy has been able to provide a clear picture of what happened.

And they disagree over the next steps for the naval officers, prompting a diplomatic spat that saw Staffan de Mistura, Italy's deputy foreign minister, visit New Delhi on Wednesday, though he failed to end the dispute. Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi is scheduled to arrive in India next week. Read more.

After five days of high drama both on land and at sea, Kerala police on Sunday arrested two security men of the Italian oil tanker Enrica Lexie who are alleged to have opened fire at a fishing boat off Alappuzha coast on Wednesday night, killing two men on board - Shiptalk.

A team headed by Kochi city commissioner M.R. Ajith Kumar arrested Latorre Massimiliano and Salvatore Girone for murder from the ship anchored at Kochi. The two men taken into custody are Italian naval guards. They were arrested in the presence of Southern Kerala Inspector General of Police Padmakumar, Kollam City Police Commissioner Sam Christy Danial, Italian Consul General in Mumbai Gian Paolo Cutillo and Italian Defence Attache Franco Favre. A senior police officer said the arrested Italians were taken to the CISF guesthouse in Kochi for further interrogation.

After completing the formalities of the arrest, they would be handed over to Kollam police under whose jurisdiction the incident occurred and who have registered a case of murder against the crew members following the incident. The senior police officer added they would have to face trial under Indian criminal law and Italy could raise in court whatever objections it had to their being booked for murder.

Authorities in Rome are probing why an Italian ship ignored the Italian Navy's objections and docked in Kerala leading to the arrest of two Marines over the killing of two Indian fishermen - Economic Times of india.

A colonel is collecting evidence from military headquarters and the shipping company to ascertain if they sent Enrica Lexie into Kochi harbour in Kerala, Italian media reported.

The Italian Navy had reportedly objected to Enrica Lexie moving into Indian waters and the disembarcation of its military personnel on board, reported Corriere della Sera website.

Indian fishermen Ajesh Binki and Gelastine were allegedly mistaken for pirates and shot dead by the Marines Feb 15 off the coast of Kerala.

Latorre Massimillano and Salvatore Girone were arrested by Kerala Police on murder charges.

Italy insists that the ship was in international waters when the incident took place and that the Marines cannot be tried in India. New Delhi is not ready to accept either argument.

The arrests have sparked a major row between Rome and New Delhi.

The media report said that according to established procedure, decisions on board the ship are taken by the captain in agreement with the shipping company.

But in an emergency, action is decided with the military authorities and the Italian government.

The investigation will find out if the shipping firm took the decision to leave international waters and with whom they negotiated.

A number of major UK shipping companies now carry armed teams to combat the threat of Somali pirates, a leading industry security spokesman has said, according to BBC News.

The prime minister said in October that UK ships could carry armed teams.

Gavin Simmonds, defence and security head at the Chamber of Shipping, estimated that 20-30% of UK ships in the high risk area had armed guards.

But a security industry spokesman said the process for approving security firms was "not fit for purpose".

"There are a number of major UK companies who would not have wanted to have gone against the government's advice and did not change their policy on this until after the prime minister's announcement was made," Mr Simmonds told the BBC News website.

But since then they had started the practice of carrying armed guards, he went on, "And I am totally confident that they are being carried in compliance with all the new procedures."

He was speaking as the UK prepared to host an international conference on the problems of Somalia on Thursday.

However, Peter Cook, director of the Security Association of the Maritime Industry (Sami), said the circumstances surrounding approval of companies to provide armed teams for UK ships were "challenging".

Ship security personnel normally use semi-automatic weapons such as AK-47 rifles. To use them on a British ship is like using them in the UK - and the security company has to seek authorisation from the Home Office under Section five of the Firearms Act. Read more.

India's maritime administration may make ‘flag-state endorsement' mandatory for foreign merchant ships entering Indian waters with armed security guards on board. The idea is to make the Government of the country in which the ship is registered (flag-state) also responsible for any action on the part of the armed guards deployed on the vessel - The Hindu Business Line.

The move apparently follows the killing of two fishermen off the Kerala coast last week when security guards on an Italian ship, opened fire, reportedly mistaking them for pirates.

Currently, flag-states give a general approval for shipping companies to engage private security guards. The contract is between the ship owners and the security agency which provides the armed men. With rising incidents of attacks on cargo ships by Somali pirates, many countries, including India and Italy, have allowed their merchant ships to have armed guards on board. Ships have to follow the policy (on deployment of guards) of the country in which they are registered. The policy is based on the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) guidelines.

Problems can arise when the ship is owned, managed and operated by people of different nationalities. Typically, a ship may be registered in one country and its owner based in another. Further, the private security agency that provides the guards could be operating from a third country. Adding to this, there is every possibility of the security men belonging to different nationalities. Given such complexities, Government officials here said it needs to be made mandatory that flag states should shoulder the responsibility of ensuring that any liability arising out of reckless acts by armed men on board are honoured. Read more.

India will ask the global shipping community to 'fine-tune' practices adopted while deploying armed guards on merchant vessels in the backdrop of the Enrica Lexie case - Times of India.

"Already there are good practices evolved by global shipping industry to ensure that armed guards on private vessels use force in a very restrained manner. This (killing of unarmed fishermen by the Italian marines) may be a stray case as there are no similar incidents reported from anywhere in the world. But we need to fine tune those practices and ensure that such incidents do not recur,'' shipping secretary K Mohandas told TOI here.

"There are reports that the mariners did not follow the prescribed practices. Of course, we can come to the final conclusions only after a full investigation. We don't want to make any hasty statements. Even though India is not a big player in the global shipping industry, the incident will serve as a reminder for ship security staff as to why they should proceed cautiously in such a situation,'' he said.

Pointing out that this incident was the first of its kind in recent maritime history, commander in charge of the coast guard station DIG T K S Chandran, said the incident should be an eye opener as it lays bare the risks involved while deploying armed guards on merchant vessels. Read more.

Seychelles President James Michel and President Ahmed Mohamed Silanyo of the Republic of Somaliland have discussed, in a meeting in London today, the transfer of convicted Somali pirates currently in prison in Seychelles, to Somaliland to serve their sentences - Somaliland Press.

The meeting was attended by the British Minister for Africa, Henry Bellingham, Seychelles Minister Home Affairs, Environment, Transport and Energy, Joel Morgan, Seychelles Minister for Foreign Affairs ,Jean-Paul Adam, and the British High Commissioner to Seychelles, Matthew Forbes, the Somaliland Minister for Foreign Affairs, Dr Mohamed Andillahi Omar, as well as the UNODC Counter-Piracy Programme Coordinator Alan Cole.

The two leaders signed a joint statement to recognize their joint concern about the serious impact piracy has on the region and on international security, and agreed that it is vital to ensure pirates are brought to justice. Read more.

With its $1-billion economy losing about 4% of GDP to piracy, Seychelles has sought India's help in putting an end to this threat to trade in the Indian Ocean, particularly in prosecuting the sea brigands -Hindustan Times.

Seychelles foreign minister Jean-Paul Adam, who was in India on a three-day visit last week, said in an interview that he had asked his Indian counterpart, SM Krishna, to assist in the trial of pirates and help increase convictions.

"In Seychelles, we have estimated that piracy has cost us 4% of the GDP in terms of growth and this is a terrible cost to our economy...there is a huge opportunity cost," Adam said when asked about the impact of piracy on his country's economy.

He said the next step in the anti-piracy operations is prosecuting the sea brigands to end the impunity they enjoy.

"In Seychelles, currently we have convicted 67 pirates who are serving sentences in our jails and we also have another 18 who are awaiting trial.

"We look forward to working with India and one of the key issues I discussed with the minister (Krishna) is further support that India can give to our judicial system in terms of lawyers and judges, who will be able to help us in effectively prosecuting the pirates," he said.

Seychelles is an archipelago nation with a population of about 85,000, including a sizeable people of Indian origin, in the southern part of the Indian Ocean. It is close to all the anti-piracy action along the East African coast.

Several international groups such as the European Union and Nato, and many individual nations such as India, China and Japan, have deployed their warships in the Gulf of Aden to fight Somali pirates. Most of these nations use Seychelles as a staging post for their operations against the sea brigands.

"In Seychelles, we have really been hit very hard by piracy and it has come out of the blue. It was a shock for us. We have always considered ourselves as a country that is 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from anywhere. Because we literally are. We are in the middle of the Indian Ocean and we thought distance was our protection. But piracy has broken that illusion," Adam said.

The Somali pirates did not have a good year in 2011, statistically speaking at least. According to Nato, they only managed four successful attacks off the coast of the country, and only one in the Gulf of Aden, just further north.

They had more luck in the more distant waters of the Arabian sea, where they captured 19 ships, and attempted to take almost 50 others. And therein lies the worry for all the nations that have supported efforts to rein in criminals who have demanded – and received – millions of dollars in ransoms for the ships and crews they have hijacked - Guardian.

There is a whiff of desperation about the pirates at the moment. They are travelling further afield and taking more risks, after finding the tactics that worked in the past are bearing less fruit, particularly now merchant ships can carry armed security teams that fight machine-gun fire with machine-gun fire. But nobody expects the pirates to go away, or to give up. "Earning $10,000 for a Somali is like winning the lottery," said one western official. "The question is, what are they going to do next? How are they going to adapt?"

There are signs they are already rethinking. Tighter security at sea may have driven some pirates to include kidnappings for ransom on land. In January, US Navy Seals swooped on Somalia's Galmudug region to rescue two kidnapped aid workers. Nine of the pirates were killed.

Military sources say pirates have withdrawn some of their camps and logistical hubs away from the beaches. Further inland they can mingle more easily with local fishermen. This increases the risk of civilian casualties from airstrikes launched by nations contributing to Operation Atalanta, the EU-led mission (EU-Navfor) which is now in its fourth year. That scenario is not as far-fetched as it sounds.

Sources have told the Guardian that in 2010, and again last year, EU-Navfor considered whether airstrikes were feasible, and legal. The answer to both questions was yes. Read more.

Near the top of the highest peak in the Seychelles, with views of the azure Indian Ocean and miles of white-sand beaches, stands a small single-storey prison that is now a far-flung outpost of Britain’s lead role prosecuting Somalia’s pirates - Telegraph.

Within the walls of Montagne Possé, six officers from Her Majesty’s Prison Service are helping to guard 88 men accused of robbery on the high seas.

The prison’s British deputy-superintendent, Will Thurbin, was, until a little over a year ago, Governor of HMP Parkhurst on the Isle of Wight.

Down off the mountain in the archipelago’s capital, two lawyers on secondment from the Crown Prosecution Service in London handle all pirate trials on behalf of the Seychelles’ attorney-general.

More than 5,000 miles from home, these six men and three women are part of a British-funded “conveyor belt” that sees pirates arrested by the Royal Navy, guarded by British prison officers, tried by CPS prosecutors and sentenced to prisons built with British money. Britain has also paid for sophisticated new surveillance equipment for the country’s coast guard and even the Seychellois Police sniffer dogs were trained in Surrey.

Britain has already spent £9 million – more than any other nation, and a quarter of all United Nations Indian Ocean counter-piracy funds – to train prison staff, help upgrade cells or build new prisons, and to improve local lawyers’ expertise in the Seychelles, Somalia and Kenya.

That funding is necessary because under European human rights law and international legal standards, pirates arrested at sea must be transferred to countries that will give them a fair trial and house them in decent prisons.

Without the improvements, existing facilities will become swamped and suspected pirates would simply be released back to Somalia, reinforcing what one British diplomat in the region called “their sense of invulnerability”.

Joel Morgan, the Seychelles’ home affairs minister, told The Daily Telegraph that Britain’s role in helping his country combat piracy was “very significant”. A new intelligence-sharing scheme was agreed yesterday between the two countries, named RAPPICC.

“That came about thanks principally to Britain, and other countries must now make their efforts to join into the scheme so that it truly can achieve the goals it has set out,” he said. “The UK has been a very strong partner in the whole process from our point of view and the British government, its military and its High Commission here have all been exemplary in the way they have come to help.” Read more.

A briefing at European Union Operational HQ showed how combined international forces were dealing with the pirate scourge which we have witnessed expanding in strength and brutality over the past few years. The growing willingness of container ship and bulk freight carriers and tankers to adhere to the latest edition of Best Management Practices is resulting in fewer successful attacks - Handy Shipping Guide.

One of the great fears of those in the shipping industry has been that the arming of merchantmen would result in an escalation of violence in the trade but Rear Admiral Duncan Potts, Operation Commander of the EU Naval Force (EUNAVFOR), who chaired yesterday’s [Feb 20] meeting, expressed the opinion that the fact that vessels were prepared to open fire on pirates from range tended to deter them immediately to search for an easier target. One UK supplier of such protection reported out of around a thousand transits through the danger zone only four ‘incidents’ occurred. An incident is when, in an exchange of fire, four or more shots are aimed toward a suspected pirate vessel.

This may not seem at first to be a particularly harsh response but when one looks at the type of weapon available to the guards, like the snipers rifle shown in our recent story, aimed from the steady platform of a supertanker or a 14,000 TEU box carrier, against the would be pirates RPG being fired from a tiny skiff in a heaving swell with an effective range of around 300 metres, one begins to comprehend that no matter how big the target a merchant vessel makes it begins to seem an unfair contest for once.

The combined forces of law and order have a vast area of ocean to patrol and Admiral Potts compared the twenty five or so vessels policing the area to patrolling Europe with twenty five squad cars [OL Note: See Prosecution Process, right]. This in a region stretching now to 3.2 million square miles where 50% of the world’s container fleet and 3 million barrels of oil pass through every day. At first the combined forces of EU NAVFOR, NATO, the US Led Combined Maritime Force 151 plus individual national efforts from countries like Russia, China and many others would appear too thinly spread to be truly effective but the battle has now taken a very modern turn.

At the Maritime Security Centre – Horn of Africa (MSCHOA) situated in the EUNAVFOR Command Headquarters at Northwood the Mercury communications system which links the disparate forces from so many nations was referred to as ‘Twitter’. The Mercury program gives all stakeholders the ability to talk to each other via Northwood enabling a rapid and coordinated response by both air and sea forces to any alert utilising the closest effective party. This cooperation, known as a flag blind coalition means that the weather, always a primary factor in the trade, has had less influence than in previous years as the Naval forces have extended their reach with a policy of combined intelligence.

Even now only around 70-80% of merchantmen passing through the region actually advise Northwood of their passage under the Best Management Practices (BMP) code despite the simplicity of registration and the extra security it offers. Some companies seem reluctant to reveal details of routes and cargoes and thereby increase the chances of a successful pirate attack. Use of BMP’s which include installation of a protective citadel, often incorporating engine and steerage controls as well as communications, has thwarted many previous attacks with crews hunkering down in relative safety to await rescue. Read more.

Foreign navies and armed guards on boats have badly dented the cutthroat capabilities of marauding Somali pirates, but ending the scourge requires land-based solutions, analysts warn, according to AFP

Somalia's pirates remain a fearsome force prowling far across the Indian Ocean seizing ships for ransom, costing the world billions of dollars each year and now branching out to increasing land-based attacks.

"Success rates have plummeted, and pirates have a hard time capturing ships," said Stig Jarle Hansen, a Norwegian academic and Somalia expert, noting increased assaults by foreign navies on vessels used as pirate "motherships."

One reason for the decline in successful attacks has been the increased use by shipping of armed guards and other security measures, said J. Peter Pham, of the Atlantic Council think tank.

"Most of the credit actually belongs to the shipping industry... whose adoption of defensive "best practices" and increased deployment of private armed security has effectively hardened vessels against seizure," Pham said.

But as successful attacks decline, ransom prices have risen: the average pay climbed to $5 million in 2011 from $4 million in 2010, according to the US-based Oceans Beyond Piracy monitoring group.

Somali attacks cost the world nearly $7 billion in 2011, including more than $2 billion for military operations, armed guards and equipment to protect ships, the group estimated in a report earlier this month.

Multiple pirate gangs hold a grim trophy haul of at least 34 vessels and over 400 hostages, according to the monitoring group Ecoterra, many seized by the use of small skiffs, grappling hooks and rocket-propelled grenades.

However, while such "aggressive levels" of foreign naval patrols have thwarted attacks, such tactics provide no long-term solution, said Rashid Abdi, a long-time Somalia expert.

"There has been a significant scaling up of these naval operations, but that in itself is no comfort," said Abdi.

"The counter-piracy naval patrols in Somalia may just be simply displacing the problem."

Late in 1815, ten British warships arrived off Algiers, armed with dozens of cannon — and orders to use nothing else to negotiate with the Barbary coast corsairs holed up in the citadel-port. The British and their Dutch allies suffered 141 dead — but killed more than 2,000 pirates, destroyed their fleet and levelled their fortifications. Barbary pirates continued to prey on merchant traffic until 1830, when the French occupied Algiers, but their backbone was broken - The Hindu..

For years now, the world's merchant seamen have been fantasising about a similar solution to the grim tsunami of piracy that is washing through the Indian Ocean.

Even though 30 navies are now operating in the Indian ocean — an unprecedented multinational effort that has brought together countries as diverse as the United States and Iran, as well as India and Pakistan — attacks by Somali groups actually rose to 237 last year, from 219 in 2010.

Last year alone, 802 crew were taken hostage and eight killed; 159 sailors are still captive in Somalia, waiting for fleet-owners to cough up ransoms that could range up to $4 million for the 10 ships now held by pirates.

Failed by governments, merchant seamen have increasingly turned to using force to protect themselves. Last week's shooting of two unarmed Kerala fishermen by naval marines stationed on board an Italian tanker has underlined the risks of allowing ill-trained, and often panicked, personnel to use lethal force. There is little point, though, to blaming merchant crews for seeking to defend themselves unless governments can find ways to protect them.

The solution to high-seas piracy lies on dry land — and will need means more complex and subtle than the cannon that levelled the corsairs in 1815. Read more

A Counter-Piracy Messaging and Communications Workshop organised this week in London by Oceans Beyond Piracy (One Earth Future Foundation) with the UK Foreign & Commonwealth Office and the US Department of State examined how counter-piracy messaging in Somalia (dissuading Somalis from becoming pirates) and to the international community (encouraging multi-stakeholder support) both work, separately and together.

Up for discussion were multiple messaging, (lack of) co-operation, strategic messaging and a coordinated approach. Read more - Safety4Sea.

In 2011, pirates made some $170 million in ransom money for hijacked vessels and their crews. That figure represents an increase since 2010, when ransoms paid amounted to over $110 million, according to UNODC.

Ransom money is increasingly flowing into the legal financial system, while the laundering of the proceeds of piracy is causing consumer prices to rise steeply in the Horn of Africa and the surrounding area.

Briefing the Security Council on the situation in Somalia, UNODC Executive Director Yury Fedotov said: "Piracy money is also being reinvested into criminal activities that are not limited to piracy. Drugs, weapons and alcohol smuggling, as well as human trafficking, also benefit from the proceeds of piracy."

UNODC is working with other United Nations agencies and Member States to help to increase awareness of illicit money flows linked to piracy, in order to tackle what is a growing problem. Central to its Counter-Piracy Programme is its support for financial intelligence units and law enforcement agencies in East Africa and the Horn of Africa. UNODC is working with the World Bank and INTERPOL on a joint report on illicit financial flows linked to piracy, which will published at the end of this year.

The Counter-Piracy Programme is providing support to East African countries willing to prosecute piracy, in particular through training programmes for police, prosecutors, judges and prison personnel in Kenya, Seychelles, Mauritius and, where security conditions allow, Somalia.

According to a review conducted by UNODC, 1,116 young Somali men faced criminal proceedings for piracy in 20 countries around the world, while 688 were dealt with in the region. Read more.

India has said the solution to the problem of piracy off the coast of Somalia should come from institutions within Somalia, as it asked the African country to bring in a national anti-piracy legislation and for investigation and prosecution of suspected pirates - Deccan Chronicle.

"Piracy off the coast of Somalia is primarily a Somali problem and the solution should be Somali-owned and supported by the Somali institutions. Any imposition of external solutions will not work in the long run," India's deputy Permanent Representative Ambassador Manjeev Singh Puri said at the UN Security Council on the situation in Somalia on Thursrday. Read more.

SOS SaveOurSeafarers has issued the following statement following a conference in London on Somali piracy, organized by the UK’s Foreign & Commonwealth Office, held at the London headquarters of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) - Insurance Journal.

Giles Heimann, Chairman of the Group stated: “We welcome the acknowledgement of the importance of the continuing partnership between the shipping industry, the naval forces and governments, and their ongoing commitment in tackling the issue of piracy off the coast of Somalia. We look to reinforce these relationships.

“The conference also highlighted the successful co-ordinated naval operations in the region, which, combined with industry self-protection measures, have helped reduce the number of successful pirate hijackings despite continued increasingly violent pirate attacks.

“The conference’s recognition of the economic and human cost of piracy and the suffering of seafarers echoes our campaign’s objectives as we try to raise awareness of the consequences of Somali piracy, and attempt to stir up more political will. We also welcome the conference’s acknowledgement of the underlying causes of Somali piracy, and of the need to stabilize and strengthen internal governance within the country, and to strengthen judicial prosecution capacity in the region in order to bring pirates to justice.”

SOS SaveOurSeafarers brings together 30 different organizations from the international maritime industry “to raise awareness of the human and economic cost of piracy using approaches to politicians and industrial leaders at the highest level,” the bulletin explained. “It began operations in March 2011. Over 100,000 visits to its website from 188 countries and over 31,300 letters have been sent to governments worldwide.

It focuses its efforts on resolving the piracy problem off Somalia; to see piracy deterred, defeated and eradicated, and to “stop seafarers being tortured and murdered.”

Seychelles President winning for the Indian Ocean - OCEANUSLive

London Conference on Somalia
Much has been said and covered on the London Conference on Somalia held on Feb 23. Instead of repeating the various speeches and messages, a few of links are inlcuded to enable some of the details to be reviewed.
UK Prime Minister, David Cameron speech - BBC News. or via UKinSomalia HERE.
US Secretary of State, Hilary Clinton, speech - BBC News.
UN Secretary General, Ban Ki-moon, speech - BBC News
Somalia President "We are scared of tomorrow" - BBC News..
IMO Chief welcomes the conference - HERE.
List of conference attendees - FCO.gov.

The Final Communique on the conference - Somalia Report.
International community targets pirate kingpins; UK to provide director and fund construction of new Regional Anti-Piracy Prosecutions Intelligence Co-ordination Centre (RAPPICC) - UKinSomalia.

Union Flag flies over Mogadishu - Somalia Report.
Summit on Somalia sees no quick route to saving a failed state - Globe and Mail

Inside Story - Saving Somalia: A wasted effort? [video] Al Jazeera.

Moving forward on our shared agenda to tackle Somali piracy - industry conclusions - British Chamber of Shipping.

SOS SaveOurSeafarers welcomes the London Conference on Somalia which was attended by 55 delegations from Somalia and the international community, and willingly supports its focus on unifying the international community in its coordinated support to Somalia, in the hope that a new era of Somali politics, supported by the international community, will bring peace to Somalia - MarineLink .

SOS thanks the UK Prime Minister for urging delegates to “keep up the pressure on pirates”. SOS specifically welcomes the Conference’s acknowledgement of shipping industry and naval efforts to combat piracy and its commitment to international military efforts with robust rules of engagement. The naval forces and the shipping industry succeeded in halving the number of successful hijackings (to 25 in 2011 from 47 in 2010) despite an increase in hijack attempts (to 151 in 2011 from 127 in 2010). But both need resources, commitment and perseverance to defeat and eradicate Somali piracy as opposed to simply deterring and repressing it. Read more.

Two Seychellois fishermen held hostage by Somali pirates go largely unnoticed. Read OCEANUSLivereport HERE.

When tanker master Miro Alibasic takes one of his company's vast ships across the Indian Ocean, he likes to have all the firepower he can get on board - Reuters.

Having seen last year how Somali pirates treat their captives, the 61-year-old is in no hurry to experience it again.

"It was hell on earth," he told Reuters by telephone from his home in the Croatian port of Dubrovnik.

The number of ships seized in the region by Somali pirates fell last year, industry data shows, but the overall number of attempted attacks continues to rise and the raids have become increasingly violent.

Breaking the piracy "business model" and tackling Somalia's onshore problems will be among the aims of a major international conference on Somalia in London on Thursday. But few are optimistic of a solution any time soon, and shippers say they must take matters into their own hands.

Greater use of private armed security guards on ships and a much tougher approach by international navies is beginning to work, some mariners, officials, contractors and military officers say. But others worry they may simply fuelling a growing arms race, ramping up the conflict and producing a rising human and financial cost.

In March last year, Alibasic was transporting a cargo of crude oil from Sudan to Asia when his tanker - the 100,000 ton United Arab Emirates-registered Zirku - came under attack. For 90 minutes, the pirates poured heavy machine gun and rocket propelled grenade fire into the vessel.

Then they were aboard, swarming over the two levels of barbed wire that surrounded the decks.

The ferocity of the initial onslaught, he says, was matched by much of the treatment suffered by him and his 28 crew during their 75 days in captivity.

As the shipowners negotiated the payment of an unspecified but reportedly "massive" ransom, he did everything he could to keep the multinational crew - including Jordanians, Egyptians, Ukrainians and Pakistanis - safe from sometimes drugged and bored captors. Read more.

The government will call on its security agencies to verify reports that Durban couple Bruno Pelizzari and Deborah Calitz have been sold by Somali pirates to another group.

But the Department of International Relations and Cooperation refused to say if it would act if the claim proved true - Times Live.

Pietermaritzburg-based aid organisation Gift of the Givers said earlier this week that it had discovered that the Somali pirates who kidnapped the couple in October 2010 had sold them to another gang of pirates, who then sold them to a group that is demanding a ransom for their release.

The organisation's founder, Imtiaz Sooliman, said Gift of the Givers was acting as a negotiator on behalf of Pelizzari's family to secure the couple's release.

International Relations spokesman Clayson Monyela said yesterday that the department would not comment on unverified information.

"We have not received such information. We will need it to be verified before we can say what the government would need to do," he said.

The department distanced itself from the kidnapping in 2011 when the Somali pirates contacted the couple's families in Durban with a ransom demand.

Government policy is not to pay ransoms.

"The people who have taken the couple are speaking to the family because we do not pay ransoms," Monyela said at the time.

SA Navy chief Vice-Admiral Refiloe Mudimu - who was in Durban yesterday to discuss coastal security with other Southern African naval chiefs - said he was aware of the kidnappings but the navy could not act without the authority of the government. Read more.

Nautilus International has welcomed the high-level Somalia conference which is taking place in London today but has warned that world leaders should not lose focus on the urgent need to protect seafarers currently at risk of piracy in the Horn of Africa and elsewhere.

Around 40 world leaders have gathered to discuss the political process, security and stability in Somalia and to try to find a peaceful solution to end threats of terrorism and piracy - Nautilus International.

‘This conference has attracted many world leaders and this can only be a good thing to secure a permanent long-term solution to the problems in Somalia and the Horn of Africa,’ said Nautilus general secretary Mark Dickinson.

‘However, there are still issues which need to be addressed and resolved by the UK government today, and this conference should not be a distraction from that. The UK shipping industry needs clear and practical guidelines for the deployment of armed security on merchant ships and the recent shooting of two Indian fishermen this week only serves as a reminder of the potential risks from the use of armed security onboard.

The Union believes that the conference is long overdue as the maritime sector has been calling for sometime for on-land resolutions as the only way to ensure an end the immediate threats at sea, and has urged those involved to also address the growing threat to merchant ships operating off the west coast of Africa, where a master and chief engineer were killed last week.

Lloyd's List has issued a survey which asks for views and comments on Piracy.

The capture of the very large crude carrier Sirius Star in the Gulf of Aden in October 2008 marked the starting point of a new wave of piracy: in the four years since that landmark attack, pirates have increasingly adopted more sophisticated strategies, shipowners have offered a more rigorous defence and a whole new private maritime security industry has emerged.

With this 10-question survey, LL invites you to share your views of how piracy and the industry’s response to it may have changed since Sirius Star. They ask you simply to tell us whether, and to what extent, you agree with statements on this subject. They'll also give you the opportunity to provide your comments - Here .

A Royal Navy Captain who commanded a counter piracy Task Group off Somali, writes about the RN's role in reducing piracy in the high risk waters. His account gives some background to the events such as the rescue of the Italian ship, Montecristo, late in 2011. Read more at OCEANUSLive HERE.

BBC's Security correspondent, Frank Gardner, has completed a series of reports on Somali piracy. The full version of the Somalia maritime counter piracy film goes out on BBCWorld this Saturday at 1510, 2010 GMT, Sunday 0810,1010,1810,2210 GMT.

Hijacks:

Gulf of Guinea - Two heavily armed pirates on deck of an anchored chemical tanker (name withheld) noticed by OOW who raised the alarm at 0350 LT: in position 06:18N - 003:20E, Lagos anchorage, Nigeria. Master contacted the navy on VHF Ch 16 but received no response. Non-essential crew locked themselves in a safe location. The pirates made their way to the bridge, fired warnings shots and gained entry into the bridge. They assaulted the Master and stole his personal effects. In the meantime another 10 pirates arrived and ordered the Master to heave up anchor and chief engineer to start engines. The pirates were very aggressive and highly agitated and forced all crewmembers to lie down on the bridge floor. Under the pirates command, the vessel sailed to a location approximately 80-100nm south of Lagos. The crew were forced to prepare the vessel for lightering operations. On 20 Jan, all crewmembers were locked in the smoke room and the lightering commenced. None of the crewmembers were able to see the lightering ship.

On 21 Jan, the pirates disembarked at position 06:04N - 004:28E after stealing crew cash and personal effects and ship cash. The Master returned to Lagos anchorage where authorities boarded for investigation. No injuries to crew but vessel sustained damage during lightering operations. LATE report (via IMB) 16 Jan.

Unsuccessful Attacks (All regions):

Malacca Strait - LATE Report - While at anchor, approximately seven to eight robbers boarded the Singapore tug, Kim Hock Tug 3, from a small rubber dinghy. On boarding the vessel, the duty seaman was taken hostage and the robbers escaped with the ship's stores. While towing bargeL K H 3883, from Singapore to Karimun, the tug boat was boarded by approximately six robbers who escaped with some scrap iron. Master was advised to keep anti-piracy watch while continuing the voyage to Karimun. MSTF and PCG were notified. A broadcast was made to alert mariners. MRCC Malaysia and MRCC Jakarta were also informed. Reported (via ReCAAP) 13 Feb.

Indian Ocean - Hong Kong-flagged, chemical tanker, MV Alpine Mystery, reported being approached and fired upon at 0700 UTC in position 05:29S - 064:02E, approx 500nm ESE of Seychelles. Reported (via ONI) UPDATE (via IMB) Chemical tanker noticed skiff at 2nm, which approached to within 0.5nm. 5-6 pirates armed with RPGs and automatic weapons seen. Onboard security team fired warning shots, skiff returned fire then moved away. 18 Feb.

Gulf of Aden - Singapore oil product tanker, North Sea, came under attack by 7 armed pirates in a skiff (red and yellow in colour) in position 13:32.47N - 050:23.02E, approximately 95nm Southeast of Mukalla, Yemen in the Gulf of Aden, at around 1435 LT. Pirates fired on the vessel in the eastbound part of the IRTC, but onboard security fired warning shots which saw the attack aborted. A dhow was seen in the vicinity. EU warship informed and responding. 22 Feb. Update via IMB: onboard armed security team came to the bridge and they identified weapons in the skiff and fired warning shot. Immediately the pirates fired upon the tanker with AK-47. An exchange of fire took place with the security team. Master took evasive manoeuvres, sent distress message, contacted authorities and non-essential crew mustered in a safe room. A warship dispatched her helicopter to the location. The pirates aborted the attempted attack after firing 50-60 rounds and moved away. The PAG operating with a red and yellow skiff in the Gulf of Aden IRTC is confirmed as disrupted by CP forces.
Arabian Sea - Armed pirates attempted to hijack a Marshall Islands-flagged, UK-owned LNG tanker MT Golar Maria, while she was underway in position 10:12N - 069:03E. Two skiffs approached the vessel, one from the stern and the other from the bow. Upon sighting, the Master increased speed and evaded the attack. The vessel and crew are reported to be safe. Reported (via Somalia Report) 22 Feb. (Not featured on map).
Arabian Sea - MVs Nahide and Ictas 2 were attacked by pirates in two skiffs while underway in position 17:52.9N - 056:50.3E. The vessels increased speed and evaded the attack. Reported (via Somalia Report) 22 Feb. (Not featured on map).

Malacca Strait - Singapore Chemical tanker, Hellen, Duty Engineer raised alarm when he saw robbers holding the wiper hostage and stealing spares at 0330 LT: in position 03:23N - 099:27E: Kuala Tanjung Anchorage, Indonesia. Vessel was under pilotage at the time. The Pilot informed the port authorities. Seeing crew alertness, the robbers escaped in a waiting boat. During the incident the wiper was tied up, slapped and kicked and required medical attention. Reported (via IMB) 23 Feb.

EUNAVFOR figures state 7 vessels and an estimated 191 hostages held captive (Updated 21 Feb). Somalia Report indicates 267 hostages held from captured vessels with a further 26 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 293 hostages. See the latest report. UKMTO figures state 11 ships and 211 hostages in captivity. UN Secretary General, during the London Conference on Somalia, quoted 246 hostages were held by Somali pirates.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity (Click on Map for Larger View)

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Somali TFG MoD Anti Piracy Task Force Initiative

Sun, 26 Feb 2012 21:04:53 UTC

Somalia TFG Ministry of Defence: The Somali Solution to the International Piracy Problem: Anti Piracy Task Force (APTF) Coastguard Initiative

Press Release: Halliday Finch

The Transitional Federal Government of Somalia recognises the importance of securing Somalia’s territorial integrity. Significant effort and resources have already been devoted by the African Union, Somalia’s neighbours and the International Community to recover and secure Somalia’s borders, including its shores.

We are also faced with a growing trade in human trafficking, drug smuggling and illegal imports and exports that in no way add to the growth of our economy (despite the disingenuous claims to the contrary of those who profit from this trade). At sea, we are very aware of the need to protect Somalia’s natural resources as was highlighted in the UN Secretary General’s recent report to the Security Council (S/2011/261). The need to prevent the plundering of our fishing stocks by illegal fishing, to stop the dumping of toxic waste in our waters and the ability to claim our rights to our Exclusive Economic Zone are some of our highest priorities.

In addition, we are committed to the speedy eradication of piracy in our waters. Somalia is committed to fight against piracy and in order to reflect how serious Somalia is about this the Prime Ministers of the TFG established the Somali Anti Piracy Task Force.

This scourge is destabilising to our coastal communities, damaging to our economy and detrimental to our reputation in the international community. Piracy is a criminal act under international law that has spread well beyond the shores of Somalia and has been choking both regional trade and international shipping around the Horn of Africa and the Gulf of Aden. Successive UN Security Council resolutions, in particular UNSCR 1976 and 2015 of 2011, clearly place the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia at the forefront of this fight but also recognise that Somalia has limited resources with which to combat the problem.

Whilst there have been considerable resources directed towards the Land Component of the National Security Forces little has been done to address the deficiencies of our maritime forces. It is, therefore, with great pleasure that H.E. the Minister of Defence, Hussein Arab Essa, announced today that “with the help of several members of the international community and in partnership with Halliday Finch International we will deliver, under the auspices of the TFG Ministry of Defence and through the TFG Anti-Piracy Task Force, a National Coast Guard capability with immediate effect. In developing a national capability we recognise that we need the help and assistance of our regional partners and we will establish many of the training facilities and bases in their areas. Halliday Finch International will provide training and logistic support as well as other services”.

This new Somali National Coastguard will have land, sea and air components, will be an integral part of Somalia’s National Security Forces and will operate under the auspices of the Ministry of Defence. Our Coast Guard will work in close cooperation with the international naval operations already active in the area and we will be establishing a maritime operations centre in Mogadishu to coordinate intelligence and operations of our own forces and those of the international community.

We are confident that by combining land, air and coastal patrolling we will significantly impact the pirate gangs’ ability to go to sea, thereby reducing and ultimately halting this scourge. We are confident that we can rely upon the international community to continue their operations against pirates whilst also taking into account our wider maritime security requirements, particularly in areas adjacent to land we do not yet control.

Whilst establishing better port security, a more secure coastline and controlling our seas we also recognise that we need the continued support of the international community to help develop our coastal communities and offer alternative livelihoods – this will be a major challenge but one that is essential to contribute towards the success of our mission.

I would also like to put on notice those elements that seek to exploit our maritime resources that Somalia intends to lay claim to its rightful territory including our EEZ and extended Continental Shelf claims.

More details of this exciting new initiative will be released in due course. We are working hard with our partners in the international community and Halliday Finch International in order to implement a fully transparent auditable program that will comply with international best practices.

The new National Coast Guard will form part of the Somali National Security Forces and will fall under the scrutiny of the Joint Security Committee, giving our international partners full transparency and the ability to monitor our progress and activities. We will continue our engagement with the UN-led Kampala Process, UNPOS, IMO and UNODC to better coordinate our counter piracy activities with those of other Somali regions and with the wider regional efforts of the IOC and IGAD. Download article (PDF).

Any further enquiries regarding this subject should be directed to media@hallidayfinch.org.

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News: Seychelles Pres Winning for the Indian Ocean

Fri, 24 Feb 2012 10:07:24 UTC

Seychelles President Winning For Indian Ocean

Source: The People

President James Michel has outlined five areas of intervention to rescue Somalia and curb the piracy threats in the Indian Ocean region. The Seychelles Head of State has also thanked the UK Government, in particular Prime Minister David Cameron, to have assembled leaders to further discuss these issues.

For three years Seychelles has been on the frontline of the fight against piracy, this week, President James Michel takes centre stage at the London Conference on Somalia, to reiterate his appeal to the International Community for increased commitment and support to peace-keeping forces within Somalia, as well as targeted interventions against all criminal and terrorist groups to displace hubs of criminal activities. President Michel built on the momentum regarding the situation in Somalia, by giving interviews on television stations in the UK and the popular American network CNN.

His message throughout has been to stop the Somali perpetrators in their criminal actions, re-connect them to the region and the world, and so that they strive for their own development. Mr. Michel added that unless piracy is stopped these good things will not be achievable for Somalia.

The five key areas of intervention that Michel’s government has proposed as priorities include, firstly, giving full support to the peacekeeping efforts in Somalia through AMISOM to better empower Somalia’s control over its own coastline.

Secondly, to displace those forces that are using terrorism to further destabilize Somalia. Thirdly, to work with regional governments and communities within Somalia to strengthen the potential for investment in infrastructure in these regions, as well as the implementation of the effective rule of law. President Michel explained that prison capacity in Somalia is a key part of the equation. Seychelles is currently working with its Somali partners in the TFG, the governments of Puntland and Somaliland to be able to undertake the transfer of convicted pirates to designated monitored prisons in Somalia. Seychelles has already demonstrated its determination to end impunity, with 63 pirates already convicted and serving sentences of up to 22 years. Seychelles has also recently taken on a further 18 pirates from UK and Danish vessels – Seychelles has reached the limit of – even surpassed its detention capacity. “The burden needs to be shared”, said the President.
Fourthly, President Michel said there is a need to strengthen the capacity of regional coastal states to be more involved in oceanic governance, interdiction, surveillance and enforcement of the rule of law. “We cannot fight what is a war of the international community alone. There is a crucial need to reinforce the naval and judicial capabilities of littoral states. Seychelles can do a lot, if additional resources are put at our disposal”, the President explained.

Finally, the President said strengthening of information and intelligence sharing networks is important. He noted that he was extremely pleased that Prime Minister Cameron and himself have been able to sign a groundbreaking agreement to establish a Regional Anti-Piracy Prosecution and Intelligence Centre in Seychelles. The centre, President Michel said, would target the financiers of piracy – those who are perpetuating the cycle of poverty and violence.

The President ended his intervention by reminding the world that there are 1000 hostages currently still held in Somalia, and two of them are his compatriots. Read more at OCEANUSLive.

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Seychelles Against Piracy As Fishermen Held Hostage

Thu, 23 Feb 2012 13:10:29 UTC

Seychelles Committed to Counter Piracy But Two Fishermen Remain Hostage

Original Source: Afrique-Asie.fr [French language]

The Seychelles is committed to the fight against piracy with limited means but with great will and courage.

The article below was published in late 2011. The position of the Seychelles has been at the forefront of counter piracy efforts due in large part to the major impact Somali piracy has had on its economy. The London Conference on Somalia this week saw President James Michel reiterate his appeal to the International Community for increased commitment and support to peacekeeping forces within Somalia, as well as targeted interventions against all criminal and terrorist groups to displace hubs of criminal activities.

Bruno & Debbie Lack Support (Phot:NMS)

However, with all the senior officials in one place to discuss future actions, including an anti-piracy centre located in the Seychelles, the fate of two fishermen, Rolly Tambara (70) and Mark Songoire (62) of Belvedere, Syechelles, has gone largely unnoticed. Unfortunately, they are in a similar position to the South African couple in that not much publicity has been given to their plight. Whilst the Bruno Pelizzari and Deborah Calitz case is receiving more media attention due to the efforts of their family, rather than their Government, the two Seychellois fishermen are in a parlous situation. A recent report states that a ransom demand of US$4 million has been made for their release after their fishing vessel, Aride, sank off Somalia. Read more - Somalia Report.

The original article [appeared in French] is translated here.

Two Seychellois fishermen, Rolly Tambara and Mark Songoire, were abducted by Somali pirates on November 2 [2011], in the Seychelles territorial waters, 65 miles west of the island of Mahe, the main island. The diversion of FV Aride was confirmed by photographs taken by a surveillance aircraft shows that Spanish anchored in the port of Habya. Since the first attack against fishing boats of Seychelles in February 2009, five ships have been attacked and captured, with eleven sailors kidnapped and released after payment of a ransom.

According to the Seychelles Minister of the Environment, Transport and Energy, Joel Morgan, who also heads the High Level Committee on piracy, it is not customary for Somali pirates to attack a boat of such a small size. A negotiating team was ready to intervene when the pirates claim was made known.

Seychellois fishermen are increasingly exposed to hijackers attacking ever closer to the coast of the archipelago. Days earlier on Nov 4, a Taiwanese ship, Chin Yu Wen, managed to defeat its attackers and sought help from the Coast Guard in Seychelles, the Topaz, responsible for bringing the boat and crew safely to the capital, Victoria.

Piracy is seen as a veritable "scourge" by Seychellois and the economic impact of this "small developing State", as designated by the UN, based on fishing and tourism, is not negligible. Fishing accounts for 23% of GDP and 95% of exports. Victoria Harbour is the largest tuna transshipment center in southern Indian Ocean, 85% of purse seine catches French and Basque (Spain) were landed and feed the tuna cannery. Tuna catches have decreased by 20% since the attacks of Somalia, according to the Seychelles government, the loss recorded is 12% per year, while the cannery was down 11%. Five tuna left the area to go fishing in the Atlantic Ocean and, for the year 2011, losses on fishing are estimated at 3 million euros. Tourism records, also, significant losses, leaving a deficit estimated at 6 million euros in 2011, losses due largely to the change of destination of cruise lines and the image that develops piracy and the virtual disappearance of Long-term pleasure in Seychelles waters.

The government's fear of seeing some of the 115 islands of the archipelago, the majority are uninhabited, become sanctuaries for pirates, is shared by the international community whose economic interests are threatened by piracy in the area of Indian Ocean, particularly the vital route for oil tankers and container ships. Maritime surveillance and air is provided by Atalanta, for a number of years by the European Union. Added to that, Operation Ocean Shield (NATO-since 2009), the support of Russia, the United Arab Emirates, China and India. But the immensity of the Seychelles exclusive economic zone and the remoteness of fishing compared to monitored areas do not allow full coverage.

The Seychelles are committed, with their limited means but with great determination and courage in the fight against piracy. Since 2009, 85 suspected pirates were captured and tried in Victoria. Twenty were sentenced to prison terms ranging from 10 to 23 years. Of new military forces will be deployed on the islands to ensure the safety of people and tourists and the aerial and maritime surveillance will be strengthened near the islands. But all this has a cost, a very high cost for a state with 90,000 inhabitants and has limited resources and vulnerable. Seychelles is the position, therefore, very clear: if one wants to eradicate Somali piracy, one must see long term and the international community should undertake a more comprehensive approach to the issue.

The appeal was made, once again, by President James Michel after the attack. The international community must intensify its efforts to intervene in Somalia and bring stability to the country. " The problem of Somalia is not only the problem of Seychelles, is an international problem, he repeated. The international community must, as complex as it is, to ensure that law and order are restored in Somalia. It is only then that the problem will be solved pirates. It has been the situation in Somalia deteriorate for too long. "

According to James Michel, there is now urgent to act in this direction because " Somalia could become a nest of terrorists and the entire international community is concerned . " In Somalia, also, hackers are not always viewed favorably by the public, contrary to the widely shared. For example, depending on the service information and analysis of humanitarian Humanitarian Aid Office of the UN in 2009, the population of Eyl (Puntland) opposed the pirates who had kidnapped a fishing boat and Indian and Bangladeshi crew. After requesting the intervention of the authorities of Puntland, the fishermen were released, supported by village elders and handed to the authorities. In Eyl, "nobody wants it," said one resident about pirates, speaking apparently widely felt in the small town.

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News: SOS Campaign Film Wins Accolade

Thu, 23 Feb 2012 12:19:12 UTC

Anti-Piracy Film Scoops Accolade

Source: IFW.Net

An anti-piracy film produced for the international SaveOurSeafarers (SOS) campaign, scooped the top prize at the Royal Television Society (RTS) North-East and Border awards.

The short film, produced by YourFilm, fought off stiff competition to win the award for Best Promotion or Commercial at the awards held at Gateshead in north-east England.

Featuring Hollywood-style action sequences, the video highlights the significant threat of Somali piracy attacks on the worldwide seafarer community and the impact on world trade.

Matthew Newman, MD of YourFilm, said: “The SOS film was a great project to work on and pushed us to our creative limits.

“It included various unique challenges, not least the logistics of securing a location with a port happy to allow us to film a dozen guys dressed as pirates with AK-47s."

Bill Box, Secretary of SOS SaveOurSeafarers, added: “We are delighted that Your Film has received industry recognition for the SaveOurSeafarers video which is playing a pivotal role in taking our campaign message to a wider audience.

“It has helped us to gain support outside as well as inside the maritime industry and highlights the need for firmer government action against Somali piracy.”

The campaign, launched in March 2011, is backed by the largest ever grouping of international seafarers’ organisations, shipping industry associations and insurance interests. It has already received backing from a number of governments including the UK and the Philippines, and has secured support from 180 countries.

Full information on the campaign can be found at www.saveourseafarers.com

Video courtesy of Save Our Seafarer/YouTube - via IFW.Net

OCEANUSLive supports the aims of the SOS campaign.

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News: RN Captain Writes On Reducing Piracy

Thu, 23 Feb 2012 11:25:55 UTC

Royal Navy Helps Reduce Somali Piracy

Following his posting as Commander of the UK Counter-Piracy Task Group, Captain Gerry Northwood, Royal Navy, has written in The Times newspaper about how concerted efforts are helping reduce attacks on merchant vessels.

Captain Northwood writes:

"Eleven pirates on board with automatic weapons and rocket-propelled grenades. All comms on ship are down. Crew safe in engine room and have control of engine and steering. Please help."

This message was contained in a plastic water bottle thrown into the Indian Ocean by a member of the security team on board the Italian Merchant Vessel Montecristo, which the previous day had been boarded by Somali pirates.

Desperate times require desperate measures and, in this age of satellites, radar and computers, calling for help via a message in a bottle certainly qualifies as an act of desperation. The security team had attached a strobe light to the bottle, which, fortunately for the 23 Montecristo crew members, was picked up by a US frigate, De Wert.

Not far from her was our ship, the Royal Fleet Auxiliary Fort Victoria, equipped with a Royal Navy helicopter and Royal Marine boarding teams. We were able to answer the master of Montecristo's plea for help, recapture his ship from the pirates, and return it to him.

The 15 Somalis we detained are now in Italian custody.

Italian MV Montecristo rescued by Coalition Forces (Photo: Reuters)

Montecristo was lucky; lucky that Fort Victoria could cross 550 miles [885km] of Indian Ocean, the distance from Portsmouth to Edinburgh, before the pirates broke into the crew safe area or 'citadel'. But she also made her own luck.

She was well prepared for her transit of the Indian Ocean with razor wire defences of her upper decks and superstructure. These at least slowed the pirates down as they boarded the vessel and gave the crew and their unarmed security team time to retreat and barricade themselves into the engine room, and wait for help. Read OCEANUSLive report.

The Montecristo incident is the Somali piracy problem and some of its solutions in microcosm.A year ago Somali pirates were a regular feature in the news. The number of attacks on merchant vessels was in double figures each month and the number of vessels held by the Somalis for ransom had increased to more than 25.

The advent of Somali piracy in 2008 caught people by surprise, and there was a strong sense that nothing could be done to defeat the pirates.

With no obvious solution to the problems of Somalia ashore, the huge distances involved made it difficult for military forces to protect merchant vessels effectively.

To give some idea of scale, in the four months that Fort Victoria was at sea she operated in an area the size of western Europe, patrolling a front 2,300 miles [3,700km] long - the distance from Berlin to Moscow - and steaming a total of 27,000 miles [43,500km].

But something has been done and the past few months have seen a significant reversal of fortunes. Attacks on merchant vessels are down by 80 per cent and today there are only a handful of vessels held captive off the Somali coast.

Most merchant vessels in the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden are now employing armed and unarmed security teams, along with other protection measures. Collectively this description of merchant ship self-protection goes by the mundane name of 'industry best management practice'.

Yet these measures work. In most cases they prevent the pirates successfully boarding vessels. This enables the patrolling naval forces to locate the attacking pirate vessels and detain the Somalis for prosecution. All this has served to set back Somali piracy activity to 2007 levels and to reduce their cashflow significantly.

These are tactical successes that must be viewed in the context of a much bigger strategic picture. They depend on a far wider network of operations involving politicians, commercial shipping and other agencies. When Fort Victoria recently captured 14 Somali pirates we were able to take them to the Seychelles for prosecution. Thanks to the support of the British High Commissioner to the Seychelles and his strong relations with members of its government.

But there is an even bigger strategic picture. The pressure put on pirates by military success has created headroom for those tackling the more intractable issues of governance ashore in Somalia. This week's Somalia Conference in London marks the next stage in restoring calm to the Indian Ocean.

This piece by Captain Gerry Northwood was first published in The Times newspaper on Monday 20 February 2012.

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EUNAVFOR HQ Visited by Seychelles President

Thu, 23 Feb 2012 08:05:22 UTC

EUNAVFOR Welcomes the President of Seychelles & Senior Visitors

Source: EUNAVFOR.eu

On 21 February, Rear Admiral Duncan Potts welcomed His Excellency President James Michel of the Seychelles; Mr Joel Morgan, his Minister for Home Affairs, Environment and Transport; the Hon Crispus Kiyonga, Ugandan Minister of Defence; Lt Gen Katuma Wamala, Commander Land Forces of the Ugandan Army; and Maj Gen Paul Mella, Tanzanian Head of Intelligence. The distinguished visitors came to the Northwood Headquarters for an update on the EU NAVFOR mission and counter-piracy in preparation for the London Conference on Somalia on 23 February.

The visit was part of the preparations for the Somalia Conference to be held in London on 23 February and was designed to enhance and develop the relationship between key countries in the region, while discussing the current piracy situation and methods to combat this scourge of organized crime in the Indian Ocean.

President James Michel expressed his appreciation of the role of the EU Naval Forces in preventing piracy attacks in the Indian Ocean as well as assisting merchant ships in adopting measures of best practice for protection against attacks.

“The EU Naval Forces are successfully disrupting a large number of piracy attacks. This is highly commendable and has benefited Seychelles greatly, as we are on the forefront of the fight against piracy. Our military cooperation with EU forces has been exemplary as many of the Seychelles successful antipiracy missions have been joint operations with EUNAVFOR. We are grateful for this assistance and count on the continued support of our partners,” said Mr Michel.

As part of the briefing, Rear Admiral Potts commented “The briefing and discussion today has been an excellent opportunity for me to actively engage with the countries which border the area of operations to ensure that there is a common understanding of the issues as we develop our tactics to better tackle the problem of piracy at sea”.

Before he left the Headquarters, President Michel stated that “Piracy is rooted in the political and humanitarian crisis in Somalia. I have appealed to world leaders to take action in Somalia itself, in order to implement a comprehensive plan to end the turmoil and suffering there. Somali piracy is not just a regional problem, it is an international one, and it requires an international response to ensure that Indian Ocean maritime routes are safe again”

Image courtesy of eunavfor.eu

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Hijacked MV Leila Arrives Off Bargal

Wed, 22 Feb 2012 09:05:57 UTC

Hijacked MV Leila Arrives off Somali Coast

Source: Somalia Report

The Panama flagged roll on/roll off (Ro/Ro) vessel, MV Leila, hijacked by Somali pirates near Oman last Thursday, arrived off the coast of Bargal in Bari region of the semi-autonomous state of Puntland, according to local officials.

''The pirates and the ship arrived here early this morning. There are 24 crew on the board with different nationalities, some of the crew are from Panama,'' Abdiaziiz Wali, a local official from Bargal, told Somalia Report.

A businessman from Berbera, located in the breakaway region of Somaliland, and the city where the vessel was heading before it was hijacked, confirmed the news.

''They arrived Bargal. We contacted them and the crew are safe. With the help of different areas elders, businessmen from the Puntland area, and local authorities, we have started negotiations,'' the businessman told Somalia Report on the condition of anonymity.

Local residents voiced their concern over the arrival of vessel.

''We have told the pirates in our loudest voice they are not welcome in Bargal, but they have no ears. They are deaf and arrogant. They only know how to do Haraam (forbidden) things. Pirates are not welcome in Bargal. They are thiefs, and their hands should be cut off, as Allah says in the holy book,'' said Osman, a local elder in Bargal.

Recently, Puntland police arrested 11 pirates in Gabac village, near Eyl, during anti-piracy operations in Nugaal region, according to Puntland officials.

Prior to arriving in Bargal, MV Leila's last known position was 16:47N - 056:15E, the eastern entrance to the Gulf of Aden, on course of 260 at 4 knots, according to the Maritime Security Center Horn Of Africa (MSCHOA).

The vessel, built in 1973, is owned and operated by New Port Cargo & Shipping of Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

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Weekly Piracy Report

Mon, 20 Feb 2012 18:47:33 UTC

17 February 2012

Murder at Sea: Captain and Chief Engineer killed off Nigeria, innocent fishermen killed off Kochi, India; news of MV hijack confusing in being reported; attacks in the Red Sea, Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean with numerous PAGs operating in the Arabian Sea. Italian VPDs under scrutiny. Egypt law on weapons and guards changes. Keep clear warning for Nigeria waters due to lack of deterrents. US court sentences two pirates to further life imprisonment. 3,500 pirates at work. EU looks to Tanzania deal to try pirates and considers making BMP4 mandatory for Euro shipping. Alleged leaked document from upcoming London conference. Sri Lanka allows armed guards, Taiwan discusses arming fishing vessels, Cyprus permits ransom payments. Kenya charges Captain following weapons find. India provides Seychelles with surveillance and aircraft equipment and China steps up anti-piracy training for naval officers. SA confusion in continuing anti-piracy efforts as SA couple held over 1 year whilst Iceberg 1 crew near 2 years captivity. Armed security needs better PR. Describing crew tension on an MV going into dangerous waters.

East Africa

Somalia Report tells of receiving information that pirates had hijacked an oil tanker, MV Leila, however, as of 17 Feb they are yet to receive confirmation of the incident. Sketchy details have since been received at OCEANUSLive of the hijack of a vessel in the Arabian Sea taking place 25 miles Southeast of Sadh in Oman. Reported through one source to have occurred at 1510 UTC on 15 Feb, NATO Shipping Centre has since declared a vessel was hijacked off Oman at 1939 UTC on 17 Feb, which places the hijack further up the Omani coastline. Further details are awaited in this confusing situation.

A case of murder was filed against armed guards of an Italian tanker less than 24 hours after they fired on a fishing boat, killing two Tamil Nadu fishermen off Kochi on Wednesday - The Times of India.

Indian authorities said the Italian navymen mistook the fishermen for Somali pirates and fired instantly in violation of international anti-piracy guidelines - a claim denied by Italy.

The FIR did not name anyone in particular.

"It's a very serious and unfortunate incident," defence minister A K Antony said. Italian envoy Giacomo Sanfelice di Monteforte was summoned to the external affairs ministry to convey India's protest. In Kochi, senior Italian officials met Kerala government representatives to decide the future course of action and how to quell the uproar among fishing community in the state.

This came shortly after the ministry of external affairs summoned Italian envoy Giacomo Sanfelice di Monteforte to register a strong protest against the shooting. Secretary (west) M Ganapathi told the ambassador he must ask the Italian nationals involved in the incident to cooperate with the local Kerala authorities carrying out the probe.

With Enrica Lexie now anchored off the Kochi harbour, after being intercepted by Coast Guard ships and aircraft, its crew will be provided consular access after completion of legal formalities, officials said. Indian authorities can legally prosecute the crew if the shooting took place within the 12 nautical mile limit of Indian territorial waters. But it will become a slightly tricky affair if it's conclusively established that the incident occurred in international waters, in which case they may have to face the music in Italian courts.

"The probe will include where exactly the incident took place. And whether the Italian nationals were carrying licensed weapons or not. If someone travels within the Indian territorial waters, he or she is supposed to take prior license to carry weapons," said an official.

Naval and Coast Guard officials, on their part, said the Italian ship did not seem to have followed the internationally laid-down protocol, or "best management practices", if it suspected a pirate attack. "First, the ship being waylaid should activate the emergency communication plan to report the attack, activate the ship security alert system, sound emergency alarm and make 'Mayday' calls on the open VHF Channel 16 or Channel 08," said an official.

But no Indian warship patrolling the area got such a distress call from Enrica Lexie. "Then, there are evasive measures and manouevering, as also the use of water sprays and cannons to thwart any pirate from boarding the ship," he said.

Enrica Lexie, however, does not seem to have undertaken such measures. "It prima facie seems the Italian ship, instead of first resorting to passive measures, directly engaged in active measures by opening fire," he said. Read more.

A naval battle between Somali pirates and NATO forces has escalate near Kudha island around 0930 UTC, says Somalia Report. Pirates were preparing to launch a hijack when the battle broke out.

No casualties have yet been reported.

Local residents reported hearing heavy gunfire, "I heard heavy gunfire from at sea which continued for nearly an hour," Abd Isaaq Sulleyman said.

Since NATO-led forces started operating along the Somali coast, they have blocked many attacks from Somali pirates. Last month, they intercepted a suspect dhow operating along shipping lanes off the Somali coast.

Kudha, a small island in the Indian Ocean , has a population estimated at around one thousand. Recently, allied forces took control of the island from al-Shabaab militants.

Groups of pirates have arrived in Harardhere, Ceel Dhanaane and Dhinooda this week after waiting three months for the 'Wajiilo' season (monsoon waves and winds) to die down, in preparation for a new hijacking season.

"We have been waiting for Wajiilo to finish and now we can start operations again. Preparations are going well. A number of pirates arrived here with boats, cars and also new investors joined the preparations. The operations will begin on February 20th. It's not only in Harardhere, but pirates in Garacad, Dhinood, Ceel Dhanaane and Hafun are also preparing" a pirate in Harardhere told Somalia Report.

Other pirates also confirmed the renewed preparations.

"The Wajiilo time is well known here. It runs from December to February 20th every year. The wise pirates stop going to sea at that time we wait. It's not only pirates, but all vessels and local fishermen decrease their travel this time," said a pirate in Garacad area

Officials also confirmed the impact of the seasonal winds on seafarers. Read more.

The Navy on board the Italian merchant ship Jolly Orange, of the company Messina, have foiled a pirate attack in Arabian Sea. At the sight of military, the pirates had given up trying to board another freighter, which also failed.

As reported by news agencies, the attack occurred around 10.30 am when a small boat carrying the pirates quickly approached the Jolly Orange, trying to board her. On board the freighter, however, were the riflemen of the regiment of Marina San Marco: their presence was enough to deter the pirates attack. The boat was then directed to another merchant vessel, this time Maltese, which was in contact with the Italian vessel, towards which it was directed. The pirates in this case also gave up the chase. It is only in recent months that the possibility for Italian freighter sailing in the areas most at risk were able to seek the protection from the Italian Navy, and several shipping companies have already decided to use this service - Corriere della Sera [Italian language].

Police from Somalia's semi-autonomous region of Puntland arrested 11 pirates in Gabac village, near Eyl, during anti-piracy operations in Nugaal region, Puntland officials said on Monday.

"Puntland police went on patrol in the Indian Ocean and seized 11 pirates in Gabac village. They seized one speed boat, which the police burned," Puntland's security minister, General Khalif Issa Mudan, said during a press conference in Garowe - Somalia Report.

The pirates reportedly tried to flee but were caught with fuel, arms, and food, the general explained to reporters. He added that the suspects were transferred to Garowe jail and will soon be in court.

This group of pirates were part of Garaad's group, a well-known pirate from the Isse Mohamoud clan (sub clan of Marjerten). Garad was responsible for securing $3.5 ransom to release the Algerian flagged MV Blida.

"Yes, it's true. A number of pirates were arrested by Puntland police. They were waiting for another group to plan a new operation. This group of pirates are part of Garaad's group," said Mohamed Ahmed, a pirate n Bari region. Read more.

There are about 3,500 Somali people working as pirates, attacking and hijacking vessels in the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, according to Wayne Miller, an official from the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, writes Michelle Wiese Bockmann of Bloomberg.

The number of Somalis who have turned to piracy is greater than the 2,000 figure commonly cited in counter-piracy campaigns, Miller, who is based in Nairobi, Kenya, said today at a conference in London. His estimate was based on talks with pirates in Somalia last November, when the end of the monsoon season typically sees attacks rise, Miller said.

“None of them ever heard that if you work as a pirate you might die, you might get jailed or you might get maimed,” Miller said. “Somalis want help getting rid of what’s destroying their country.”

There are an estimated 1,000 Somalis in custody in about 20 countries, said Miller, whose job involves visiting African jails where pirates are jailed and communities in Somalia. The UN office’s counter-piracy program, which began in 2009, spans six countries with a mandate to support the detention and prosecution of suspects, according to its website. Read more.

West Africa

Pirates fired on a drifting Panama-flagged bulk carrier off the coast of Nigeria, killing the captain and chief engineer, a maritime watchdog body said as it warned shipping to stay clear of the area.

MV Fourseas SW (Photo: Joop Klassman)

"Armed pirates chased and fired upon a drifting bulk carrier. Vessel raised alarm and headed towards Lagos. All crew except the bridge team took shelter in the citadel," the International Maritime Bureau (IMB) Piracy Reporting Centre said in a statement yesterday, reports The Herald Sun.

Cyrus Mody, a manager at the IMB, said the vessel's captain and chief engineer "were killed in the shooting."
The attack, which took place 110 nautical miles off the coast, is one of three to have occurred in the area since Thursday, the IMB said.
More up-to-date reports state that the vessel is the Panama-flagged, MV Fourseas SW. The 29,700 DWT bulk carrier, built in 2010, is owned by the Taiwanese company, Shih Wei Navigation of Taipei. The bulker was attacked at approximately 0250 UTC.
Although the IMB Piracy Reporting Center immediately informed the Nigerian authorities who sent out a rescue team, due to rough seas, the naval team could not reach the location.
A French warship in the area, which received the warning broadcast, went to the aid of the distressed vessel and despatched a helicopter. A boarding team boarded the vessel and escorted it into Lagos port. The vessel is presently at the inner anchorage in Lagos port. OCEANUSLive.

The Togolese Navy has thwarted a pirate attack against a petroleum tanker off the coast of Togo amidst a rise in attacks in the Gulf of Guinea, writes Defence Web.

Naval Captain Takougnadé Neyo said the Togolese Navy sprang into action on Wednesday after receiving a distress call from the crew of the MV Eleana, which was travelling from Takoradi in Ghana, Ghana News Link reports.

The tanker, loaded with crude oil, was around 15 kilometres inside Togo’s territorial waters when it was attacked.
“With the transmission equipment the crew succeeded to send a distress call to the Togolese Naval force centre,” said Takougnadé. “And following the instruction of the hierarchy the Naval force immediately despatched two patrol boats to the rescue of the tanker. The rescue team succeeded to climb up and secure the tanker. I can assure you that there is no big casualty and all the crewmembers are safe.”
Takougnadé said that the pirates had boarded the vessel and stole some of the crew’s belongings, but the crew were safe as they had locked themselves in the ship’s citadel. He added that the group of six pirates fired into the air, but that did not deter the Togolese patrol boats. The unidentified pirates managed to flee in a speedboat. Read more.

A stretch of West Africa's coast spanning more than a dozen countries, the Gulf of Guinea is a growing source of oil, cocoa and metals for world markets Defence Web.

But rising rates of piracy, drug smuggling and political uncertainty in an area ravaged by civil wars and coups have made it a challenging area for investors.

Smaller producers are Equatorial Guinea (200,000 bpd), Congo Republic (340,000 bpd), Gabon (230,000 bpd), Ghana (80,000 bpd), Cameroon (59,000 bpd) and Ivory Coast (40,000 bpd).

Ghana began producing oil in December 2010 and is expected to raise output to 120,000 bpd sometime this year and 250,000 bpd after three years. Sierra Leone and Liberia hope offshore drilling will produce oil for them too.

Gulf of Guinea nations produce more than 3 million barrels of oil per day -- about 4 percent of the global total -- mostly for European and American markets, the bulk coming from OPEC member Nigeria (2.2 million bpd).

Washington estimates the Gulf of Guinea will supply about a quarter of U.S. oil by 2015 and has sent military trainers to the region to help local navies secure shipping as piracy is increasingly becoming a concern.

Piracy in the Gulf of Guinea is not on the scale of that off Somalia, but analysts say an increase in scope and number of attacks in a region ill-equipped to counter the threat could affect shipping and investment. Benin in particular is seeing an increase in activity off its coast.

The U.N. Security Council has said it is concerned about the increase in piracy, maritime armed robbery and reports of hostage-taking in the Gulf of Guinea and its damaging impact on security, trade and economic activities.

West African drug trafficking is also having an impact on the region's economies. The United Nations estimates that $1 billion worth of cocaine, destined for Europe from Latin America, passed through West Africa in 2008.The Gulf of Guinea runs from Guinea on Africa's northwestern tip to Angola in the south and includes Nigeria, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Gabon, Reuters reports. Read more.

Transnational organized crime in West Africa, including illicit drug trafficking and the proliferation of illegal arms, as well as maritime piracy, dominated discussions today between a senior United Nations envoy and the head of the international police organization, Interpol - Jewelry News.

At their meeting in Lyon, France, where Interpol is headquartered, Said Djinnit, head of the UN Office for West Africa (UNOWA), and Ronald K. Noble, Interpol’s Secretary General, stressed the importance of working jointly to efficiently address the increasingly complex transnational organized crime, which they said poses a serious threat to West Africa’s stability.

They underlined that Interpol’s expertise on information sharing through its high technology infrastructure was crucial to enabling national police services in the region to work together to tackle the problem.

They reviewed the latest achievements and challenges of the West Africa Coast Initiative (WACI) that is making efforts to combat organized crime.

The joint UN-Interpol project was launched in 2009 to support the Regional Action Plan of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) to address the growing problem of illicit drug trafficking, organized crime and narcotics abuse in West Africa.

The two officials reiterated their commitm ent to strengthening collaboration in support to ECOWAS’ efforts to m ake West Africa safer. Read more.

UK P&I Club stated a recent case saw one of their Member vessels hijacked twice within a ten week period. On both occasions the ship was loaded with a cargo of petroleum and was drifting off Lagos waiting her turn to lighter.

Acts of piracy and armed robbery off West African states contrast greatly with piracy of the kind seen in the Somali basin. The pirates’ modus operandi in the Gulf of Guinea is likely motivated by the increasing costs of petroleum in Nigeria. West African pirates, not patient enough for prolonged ransom negotiations, are more eager to hijack a vessel, strip it of its cargo and opportunistically strip the crew of their possessions. The only similarities between the two varieties of African pirates is that like their East African neighbours Nigerian pirates are acting with increased confidence and attacks are now common over 100NM offshore.

In the first attack no cargo was taken since the pirates who boarded were unable to secure a vessel to perform an STS at the time. Frustrated, the pirates then ransacked the ship, stealing crew's personal effects before leaving.

However, as the vessel is a regular trader to the area, she was targeted again. This time the pirates were better prepared and managed to extract some 3500 tons of gas oil cargo and 60 tons of the ship's own gas oil before again ransacking the ship and stealing crew effects.

The piracy situation in Nigeria is compounded by a lack of suitable deterrents. The Nigerian navy is hard pressed to carry out existing missions, before considering the provision of effective anti-piracy cover. Protection convoys up and down the Bonny river set up by Port Harcourt authorities have only a mandate to protect against terrorism and not against piracy. Arranging contracts for embarked security guards requires the owner to enter into a difficult and complex bureaucracy. Read more.

South East Asia

Deputy Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin yesterday paid tribute to the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA) for living up to its name in curbing piracy and robbery at sea and quashing the cynicism directed at it when it was set up seven years ago - Borneo Post.

“Today, I can feel and see the waves of change taking place within and outside the agency,” he said when launching the seventh Malaysia Maritime Day at the Malaysian Maritime Academy and Training Centre in Gebeng, here.

He said the agency, driven at the outset by about 50 officers and men who had between 10 and 35 years of experience has done the nation proud in curbing piracy and robbery at sea.

The determination and commitment of the MMEA personnel has reduced maritime crime nationwide by 16 per cent, 20.2 per cent in 2006 to 4.22 per cent last year, he said.

The success was achieved following 66,678 inspections and 4,832 arrests in a variety of cases, he added.

Muhyiddin said records at the International Maritime Bureau indicate that incidences of piracy and robbery at sea involving commercial vessels have dropped, with no case reported in 2009 and 2010 and only two last year.

“Early this year, the MMEA foiled cross-border crime cases such as the smuggling of migrants, illegal immigrants and mangrove timber. Statistics for the period 2006 to January this year show 794 of the smuggling cases,” he said.

Up to 517 arrests were made in relation to encroachment in Malaysian waters by foreign fishermen between 2007 and 2011, resulting in the collection of RM236 million through fines imposed on the foreigners, seizure of vessels and auctioning of the confiscated fish, he said. Read more.

Eighty-four suspected Somali pirates being held in a Kenyan prison Tuesday expressed concern with the Kenyan judiciary system and appealed to the international community for deportation, reports Safety4Sea.

The 84 who are on pre-trial detention in the coastal city of Mombasa said they have languished in the facility for over three years with no sign of justice coming their way.

Speaking during an open day at the prison, the accused pirates said the Kenyan government had failed to grant them justice but put them through physical and mental abuse.

"We want justice to prevail as the Kenya government claims to obey human rights and justice for all," said an accused pirate only identified as Mohamed.

Margaret Chuma, the head of the prison, said 16 of the accused pirates had been convicted and were under a rehabilitation program. She urged others to be patient as their cases were being sorted out.

The pirates said there was no justice in Kenya and the judiciary systems is not up to task in handling their cases. They want their cases to be taken back to Somalia.

"The international community and Kenya should deport us and let us get charged in our own country if they cannot handle piracy cases," said Mohamed.

Two Somali men who pleaded guilty for their roles in the hijacking of a yacht that left all four Americans on board dead have been sentenced to life in prison for a second time after the judge who sentenced them the first time recused himself, comments The Republic.

U.S. District Judge Mark S. Davis recused from the suspected pirate cases in late December when he learned the Navy transferred the yacht Quest to a marina partially owned by his brother. The government will pay the marina for the yacht's storage and upkeep until the victims' relatives can retrieve it.

On Tuesday, another federal judge sentenced Mohamud Hirs Issa Ali to two life terms and Jilian Abdiali to life in prison.

Ali was the commander of a band of 19 pirates that hijacked the 58-foot Quest in February 2011 several hundred miles south of Oman. The pirates intended to bring the Americans back to Somalia and negotiate a ransom payment, but they were shot to death several days later.

Ali received two life sentences.

Abdiali was a former electrician who said he was on his first pirate expedition. He said in court documents that he never carried a weapon and that it was his job to use his psychic abilities to guide their boat.

Both men had pleaded guilty and were sentenced in life in prison in December.

In all, 11 men have pleaded guilty in the hijacking case. Three others face murder charges, and one man faces charges in that case and in the hijacking of a German merchant vessel.

Six prison officers have been sent 5,000 miles to the Seychelles... to guard a gang of pirates - Mirror Online.

The lucky group were told to pack their bags and leave the freezing Isle of Wight for a sun-soaked island in the Indian Ocean.

The cost of flights, accommodation, wages and expenses for the two-month stay is expected to run to tens of thousands of pounds.

The group will watch over a gang of 18 led by “Six-Toe Joe”, reckoned to be a modern Long John Silver.

They were captured by the Royal Navy’s auxilliary Fort Victoria, part of Nato’s counter-piracy task force.

The Somali pirates were handed to authorities in the Seychelles – where Prince William and wife Kate spent their honeymoon – but they say they don’t have the facilities to guard the gang properly.

The islands’ government appealed for help and the bill will be footed by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. A prisons source said: “There was a stampede when this job came out. Who wouldn’t want to go out there for months in the sunshine, expenses paid? What a great job!”

They normally guard sex offenders at the Isle of Wight’s Parkhurst, Camp Hill, and Albany prisons.

The Seychelles’ only jail holds 400 prisoners with just a handful of staff. The pirates had guns and rocket-propelled grenades when they were picked up from a hijacked fishing boat. A Danish navy ship brought in four other outlaws.

The source added: “The Seychelles authorities say they haven’t got the resources to keep pirates securely.”

A Ministry of Justice spokesman confirmed: “Six prison officers have been seconded to the Seychelles prison service to provide support and help combat piracy. The officers will provide extra staffing as well as guidance and training.”

European Union managing director for African Affairs Nick Westcott has held discussions with Tanzanian top government officials on the possibility of inking a deal to have detained pirates transferred for trial in their countries of origin - IPP Media.

Westcott told The Guardian in an interview that the EU is due to launch maritime security capacity building programme in the East African Community (EAC) as an initiative to protect its territorial waters against pirates.

“We are holding discussions with a number of African countries including Tanzania that have been affected by piracy,” Westcott said.

The MD stressed that the EU has put more priority in East African countries where incidences of piracy have been common and there are weaknesses in dealing with the cases legally.

“We need to do a situational analysis first before launching the initiative…if it is training we can recruit people to work on the cases,” he said remaining reluctant to divulge the actual dates the initiative will be launched.

Westcott pointed out that the EU is prepared to ensure piracy is put under check in the Indian Ocean.

The managing director said regarding the pact that it will be issuing directions on how to handle pirates including transferring of detained pirates to their mother countries and save sentences while there.

“Contrary to conventional practices whereby a captured pirate can be tried anywhere, we have also to consider the need to let detained pirates be imprisoned in their countries of origin,” he said.

Westcott applauded efforts made by the East African countries in the fight against piracy, saying the situation has improved dramatically and the rate of attacks on ships has been reduced.

The recent announcement by the UK Government that weapons will be allowed on UK-flagged vessels is not perhaps as revolutionary as it might first appear. Under the relevant firearms legislation, shot guns and single shot rifles were already permitted, subject to the appropriate certification having been obtained. Rather, the new government guidelines and the headlines they have generated have been about the use of previously prohibited weapons (such as fully automatic “assault” rifles) and equipment. Notwithstanding this change of stance from the discouragement of the deployment of armed guards on ships to a position where accepted, their deployment is subject always to the regime laid down in the Firearms Act 1968. The debate has been given a further boost by the findings of the UK Foreign Affairs Committee (“FAC”), which issued a far-reaching report on 5 January 2012, concluding that the UK Government was right to change its position, but that more guidance was now needed on the lethal use of force and self-defence - Ince & Co.

In his evidence to the FAC, the then-head of EU NAVFOR (European Union Naval Force), General Buster Howes, said that to police the Indian Ocean and to have the capability to respond to an attack anywhere within the first “golden” hour would require 85 helicopter-carrying war ships. The combined fleet deployed in such cases so far seems to vary between around 15 to 20 vessels and, in these times of austerity, governments seem content to push the problem back onto the commercial sector. A number of European countries, including Norway and Cyprus, are also putting in place legislation that will allow armed guards on vessels. Other nations, such as Greece and Germany, are likely to follow suit.

The mantra of the private security world is that there has still been no vessel hijacked with armed guards on board. This remains this sector's unique selling point and has gained acceptance within the shipping industry. Statistically, however, more vessels avoid capture through the use of good seamanship and adherence to the Best Management Practice (“BMP”). Armed guards on ships are found on board an estimated 35% of vessels transiting through the high risk areas and this has no doubt contributed to the year-on-year decrease in successful hijackings. Implementation and a greater awareness of BMP4, as well as simply routing vessels closer to India, must also account in part for the decrease in attacks. The statistics for the past few months show only three hijackings, compared with 14 for the corresponding period last year. The pendulum appears to have swung, at least for the moment, away from the pirates. Only time will tell whether the pirates will adapt their tactics, with the obvious next step being a change of weaponry or location. There may well be implications for those vessels taken, in terms of the monetary demands made by pirates, whose stream of income has been significantly reduced. Read more.

UK P&I Club’s Egyptian correspondent has advised on the changes to the domestic law in Egypt concerning regulations governing the carriage weapons and armed guards on foreign flagged vessels transiting Egyptian waters.

QUOTE

Dear Sirs,

Please be advised that on 28/11/2011, we have received from the Ministry of Defence their letter dated 21/11/2011 and also the Naval Operations Department’s letter dated 3/12/2011 instructing with the following:

The Egyptian Government forbids the presence of any Weapons / Armed Guards on board of commercial vessels as per the rules and regulations of the International Maritime Organization.
In case of the presence of weapons on board commercial vessels calling at Egyptian ports, the Masters shall lock the weapons in a safe compartment on board and issue a certificate stating these weapons and delivering it to the pilot in waiting area, the certificate shall include a confirmation from the Master that weapons will be delivered to Port Police Forces once berthed to be locked after being inspected by the police forces and to be returned back to vessel before departing the port.
In case of not adopting the above regulations, the vessel will not be permitted to enter the port.
In case of vessels transiting the Suez Canal, the Port Police Forces will be receiving the weapons from the transiting vessels at points of entrance inland and will be returned back to the vessel at point of departure. Read more.

Sri Lanka's state owned Rakna Arakshaka Lanka has commenced a security service to safeguard the island nation's ships from the Somali pirates - Colombo Page.

The Chairman of the security company Major General Palitha Fernando says that 200 armed personnel will be deployed to safeguard the ships that sail in the areas where the Somali pirates are operating.

The official said that the company was ready to provide security for the foreign ships as well if a request is made.

The service is rendered with the approval of the Ministry of Defense and the firearms for the personnel have been approved by the Ministry, the chairman of the security company says.

Private Security companies need good, say Paul Gibbins of PGC Global in 'Communicating the Armed Deterrent - OCEANUSLive.
In the fight against piracy, it is widely accepted that the armed deterrent is making an impact, but at a price. With the recent publication by One Earth Foundation estimating that private security is costing just over a half a billion dollars last year, the spotlight is shining upon the private maritime security sector like never before, particularly given the current period of austerity! And yet, for all its merits, it has taken some time for this method of deterrence against piracy to gain acceptance in the shipping community. Opinion remains divided, where concerns remain not only of whether to 'go armed', but more importantly, whom to trust with the provision of such a service? Where reputations are at stake, private maritime security companies (PMSC's) are under significant pressure to provide a high quality service. The inherent risks are well known, and whilst many are working extremely hard to deliver their product, exactly what armed guards do and how they do it is still misunderstood. It would appear that the 'armed debate' continues, confusingly, often without maritime security companies' contribution Read more.

With the recent release of yet another maritime alert as one more bulk freight vessel goes missing, and armed guards aboard a container ship went on trial in Mombasa, information regarding the current state of the pirate ‘industry’ emerges both from within the country and from a study made by a subsidiary of the privately owned One Earth Future foundation, a not for profit operation supported by the somewhat mysterious entrepreneur and multi millionaire Marcel J.C. Arsenault - Handy Shipping Guide.

The report this week from Oceans Beyond Piracy estimates the cost of the crime during 2011 cost almost $7 billion, with the shipping industry and its insurers bearing the brunt of the cost, around $5.5 billion, and goes into specific influences, from the extended monsoon season which reduced the number of attacks, the increased security levels which, whilst cutting the number of successful attacks cost over $1 billion alone, the growth in popularity and sophistication of the crimes etc. The report can be studied in full HERE or a useful précis is viewable HERE.

The latest report from Somalia indicates the capture of a bulk Greek owned, Liberian flagged tanker, the Free Goddess, carrying 20,000 tonnes of steel cabling from Egypt to Singapore. As the usual rumours and denials fly around in Somalia as to the particular pirate gang responsible, there is currently no word from the crew of twenty one Filipinos. The ship was hijacked northeast of Socotra Island (Yemen) and reportedly headed for the Somali coast and was the first major success for the pirates this year despite at least eight other serious attempts and came as weather conditions in the Gulf of Aden improved.

Further reports received from inside the troubled country say the gangs are gearing up for the new season despite the continued expansion of the ‘arms race’ as more countries either authorise or ignore the increased weaponry carried aboard their native ships. The use of armed guards of course is not without risks as many believe it will simply lead to escalating levels of violence and now a new hazard for those prepared to carry weapons has arisen.

On the 6th February two crewmen (also alleged to be armed guards) and the Captain of the MV Belgica were up before the Mombasa Court charged with illegally possessing weapons without a police permit, namely a Remington sniper rifle, three Russian made Izhmash Saiga-MK assault rifles (an updated AK47 type), two Glock pistols and over 600 rounds of ammunition. The guns were discovered when the German owned, Panama flagged 2,468 TEU box vessel was discharging containers at the local terminal a few days earlier.

The three, Captain Bernd Waschitzek and his two officers, Sven Bauermann and Jozef Michialik have been released on bail by the Kenyan authorities after having stated that the weapons were purely for anti piracy defence. Vessel owner Hammonia Reederei has made no comment on the company website but unconfirmed reports state the vessel is still moored at Mombasa and the two crewmen are ‘security officers’.

Photo: Courtesy of Handy Shipping Guide - The haul of weapons discovered on the Belgica when examined by Kenyan authorities.

European Transport Commissioner Siim Kallas has not ruled out taking unilateral action to improve vessel safety following the worst cruise ship disaster for a generation and the continuation of Somali pirate attacks against merchant shipping - Safety4Sea.

In the area of piracy, Brussels is considering moves to make mandatory the use of Best Management Practices (BMP4) for European ships travelling in pirate waters. Fotis Karamitsos, Director for Logistics, Maritime and Land Transport in the EU Commission (DG MOVE), told SMI: "Consideration will also be given to developing better ship design and looking at ways to better deter piracy."

He said the use of armed guards would also be discussed and said a conference would be convened in the Spring where the military would be consulted to discuss and address the growing concern of piracy. Read more.

In a reportedly leaked document on the Somalia conference planned for February 23, 2012, the Somaliland Sun says it contains a draft communique to be published at the end of the conference, according to Neptune Maritime Security :

LONDON CONFERENCE ON SOMALIA: DRAFT COMMUNIQUE

The London Conference on Somalia took place at Lancaster House on 23rd February 2012, attended by around fifty representatives from the international community, and from Somalia itself. Read more.

Maritime Piracy is a threat to all nations and is a crime subject to universal jurisdiction. States are called upon to favourably consider the prosecution of suspected and imprisonment of convicted pirates, consistent with applicable International Human Rights Law and United Nations Security Council Resolutions - Lankaweb.

Pirates are considered by International Law as common enemies of all mankind. The world naturally has an interest in the punishment of offenders and is justified in adopting international measures for the application of universal rules regarding the control of terrorism. The common understanding between States has been that pirates should be lawfully captured from the high seas.

Capturing pirates in the high seas have become an extremely difficult task due to the vastness of the area and lack of resources. Despite attempts to concerted acts of nations and the United Nations to combat piracy they freely engage in disturbing the world peace by attacking the economy by blocking and harming the sea routes. The only way the goods and especially oil and gas are transported via high sea. Most ships are unarmed. Even though they are armed in the high seas pirates can be powerful as they are people who have risked everything to achieve their ends. It is informed that few pirates somehowcome home alive as the fighting in the high seas are dangerous.

Security Council of the United Nations has discussed this extensively in the highest levels. The Council adopted resolution 1897 reviewing the anti-piracy measures of resolution1846 and 1851 for another 12 months. With all that piracy continues. Read more.

Situated at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, a snow-covered Istanbul was the venue of a successful meeting in the framework of “BIMCO39” – the BIMCO network for young and mid-aged maritime professionals.

Entitled “Best Guards against Pirates” the meeting saw participation of some 60 shipping professionals from Turkey and beyond, and provided an excellent opportunity for participants to get up to speed with a series of painfully current issues related to piracy: The scope and nature of the piracy problem in a strategic context, how to implement anti-piracy Best Management Practices effectively, armed guards and the many issues for the shipowner and operator associated with their use, the commercial implications of piracy e.g. questions such as when a hijacked vessel is considered off-hire, the extent and nature of P&I cover and the various options available to owner, charterer and operator in the insurance market to hedge against the commercial risks of sailing into piracy prone waters - Neptune Maritime Security.

One topic in particular was the focus of the discussions: The use or not of private armed guards. Not least due to the excellent presentations by lawyer Stephen Askins from Ince & Co. and Nigel Carden from the International Group of P&I Clubs, supported by staff from the BIMCO Security Department and the president as well as the secretary general of BIMCO, the participants were thoroughly briefed on the advantages and potential risks associated with the use of private armed guards. The briefings provided the background for a particularly lively debate that followed, and it is safe to say that the impression which was left behind was that private armed guards may have a role to play in enhancing the security of particularly vulnerable ships. Equally clear, however, was that the decision to use armed guards should only be taken following a thorough ship and voyage specific risk assessment, in consultation with the flag state and only after detailed due diligence on the private maritime security company and its services has been carried out. Read more.

The government should consider whether to allow to defend themselves against private attacks, a Ministry of Foreign Affairs official said Tuesday, reports Focus Taiwan.

Taiwan's existing laws forbid fishing boats from carrying weapons on board, but the ministry feels that the Fisheries Agency and other related agencies should discuss the possibility of amending the law, said James Lee, director-general of the ministry's Department of European Affairs.

The ministry made the suggestion in response to repeated hijackings of Taiwanese vessels by Somali pirates in the Indian Ocean.

At a regular news briefing, Lee also suggested that local authorities permit fishing vessels to hire private armed guards on board, a practice adopted by some European countries such as the United Kingdom to deter pirates.

The Fisheries Agency responded by saying that the issue was one requiring discussion among different agencies.

"We cannot comment on that at present," Tsay Tzu-yaw, the agency's deputy director-general, told CNA.

Meanwhile, Lee also touched on the improved cooperation between Taiwan and Europe in combating pirates, citing the example of issuing a Chinese-language handbook translated from the English-version of Best Management Practice. Read more.

Anti-piracy surveillance to ensure safety of the Indian Ocean region and security ties were among the issues discussed today between India and Seychelles which also inked two pacts for the supply of Coastal Surveillance Radar Systems and Dornier Aircraft to the island nation, reports IBN Live. External Affairs Minister S M Krishna and his counterpart from Seychelles Jean-Paul Adam held comprehensive discussions on international, regional and bilateral issues and took stock of the current status of the ties between the countries.
During the talks, India reiterated its commitment to continue its support to Seychelles for its security, development and in its capacity-building efforts. "Other areas of cooperation discussed include trade and investment, culture, hydrocarbon sector, fisheries etc. Both sides emphasized the need to continue joint surveillance of the Exclusive Economic Zone of Seychelles and anti-piracy surveillance to ensure safety of the Indian Ocean region," a release from the MEA said here.
Both sides also discussed the regional situation and matters pertaining to Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) and the African Union (AU), it said. Apart from an MOU for the supply of Coastal Surveillance Radar Systems, an agreement between Seychelles and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the supply of a Dornier Aircraft was signed.

There appears to be some confusion regarding the continuation of South Africa’s anti-piracy operation in the Mozambique Channel. The South African Navy, with the aid and support of Mozambique, has maintained a forward station at the port of Pemba since early 2011, under Operation Copper - Defence Web.

The naval presence generally consists of a frigate supported by a C-47TP Dakota reconnaissance aircraft of the South African Air Force. A South African Navy submarine has also been on patrol in the region. Navy frigate SAS Isandlwana replaced SAS Mendi on station in December.

In a letter to Parliament sent in July last year, President Jacob Zuma said that authorisation for the anti-piracy mission expires on March 31 this year. Several bilateral agreements and memoranda of understanding (MOU) with Mozambique were signed during Zuma’s visit to Mozambique in December.

However, on Monday senior Navy personnel stated that SAS Isandlwana is due to return to South African waters shortly as the MoU between South Africa and Mozambique covering South Africa’s assistance in anti-piracy patrols was not yet in place and consequently the Navy will cease to operate in the Mozambican Channel until such time as the MoU had been signed.

This will impact on Exercise Good Hope V, the biennial joint exercise between the South African Navy, the South African Air Force and the German Navy which is due to commence in the Mozambique Channel at the end of February. Read more.

China’s fast-modernizing navy is stepping up training for anti-piracy patrols off the coast of Somalia in a sign of its growing long-term commitment to overseas missions - Washington Post.

The first two-week course for 84 leading officers began this week at the Naval Command College in the eastern Chinese city of Nanjing, the website of the military newspaper Liberation Army Daily said Friday. The officers will run drills and discuss military theory and experiences from China’s previous anti-piracy missions, it said. Read more.

South Africa will host 32 member states of the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS) and various international parties with interests in these waters when the third such event takes place in Cape Town in April 2012.

The South African Navy also assumes the chair of the IONS this year, a position it will hold for the next two years, says Biz Community.

Held every two years since 2008, the inaugural event took place in New Delhi, India, followed by the second in Abu Dhabi in 2010.

Vice-Admiral Refiloe Mudimu, the chief of the South African Navy, is expected to welcome about 30 of his peers, as well as coast guards and maritime agencies, while President Jacob Zuma will deliver the keynote address at the opening on 11 April.

"The objective of IONS 2012 is to promote constructive engagement and dialogue in order to enhance maritime security in the Indian Ocean and to promote areas of common interest and co-operation amongst member states," says navy spokesperson Commander Prince Tshabalala. Read more.

Fighting piracy - lecture from a NATO Officer:

The waters off West Africa’s coast are now a constant danger for those shipping goods and crude oil in the region, analysts said the day after pirates killed two sailors near Nigeria’s coast.

Despite pledges by nations to patrol the waters of the Gulf of Guinea, pirates killed a captain and a chief engineer onboard a heavy cargo ship Monday morning about 110 nautical miles (126 miles) from the coast of Lagos, Nigeria’s commercial capital, comments Inusrance Journal.

While shootings and stabbings have happened before in the region, Monday’s assault was one of the deadliest attacks in waters now considered to be as dangerous as those near Somalia. And such attacks are likely to continue.

“It’s quite uncommon that you have people killed this way,” Thomas Horn Hansen, an analyst with Risk Intelligence based in London, said Tuesday. “It might be a matter of luck that hasn’t happened before.”

The attacks are just the latest to target West Africa’s Gulf of Guinea, which follows the continent’s southward curve from Liberia to Gabon. Over the last year, piracy there has escalated from low-level armed robberies to hijackings and cargo thefts.

In August, London-based Lloyd’s Market Association — an umbrella group of insurers — listed Nigeria, neighboring Benin and nearby waters in the same risk category as Somalia, where two decades of war and anarchy have allowed piracy to flourish.

Pirates in West Africa have been more willing to use violence in their robberies, as they target the cargo, not the crew for kidnapping like off Somalia. Analysts say many of the pirates come from Nigeria, where corrupt law enforcement allows criminality to thrive.

Hansen said Monday’s attack was a concern for shippers, who have been advised by trade groups to exercise extreme caution around Nigeria and Benin. However, he said it’s unclear whether the killings were an anomaly or a sign of things to come.

“Nigerian piracy tends to develop very quickly and change very quickly,” he said. “It’s very hard to say whether this is going to be a trend.” Read more.

Cyprus concludes that it is lawful, as a matter of Cypriot law, to pay a ransom to Somali pirates, in order to secure the release of a ship, her crew and cargo. Read more - Neptune Maritime Security.

One year, three months and 13 days. That is how long Bruno Pelizzari and Debbie Calitz have been held hostage by Somali pirates since the Durban couple were kidnapped in October 2010 while sailing to Richards Bay to see their first grandchild - Neptune Maritime Security.

Their small yacht was attacked by 12 armed men and redirected to Baraawe, Somalia. Fifteen months later, they are being held for a ransom of $4 million (R31m).

The last contact they had with their family was in September, when their captors allowed Pelizzari to call his sister, Vera Hecht. She was given just three minutes to confirm the couple were still alive.

Their discussion lingered on whether the couple were healthy and being fed. Calitz told Hecht that rice and soup was their staple diet.

It will soon be two years since the cargoship “Iceberg I” was hijacked off Somalia with 24 crew members. The ship is watched over by 50 pirates, and some say has been abandoned to its fate. Since March 29 2010, one seafarer has reportedly committed suicide, and there are conflicting reports about the others, including suggestions that their mental health is suffering - Neptune Maritime Security.

How to put an end to the piracy epidemic which has spawned this longest ‘seajacking’ and other human tragedies, and substantial business losses, was the focus of the latest meeting in London of WISTA-UK, part of the Women’s International Shipping & Trading Association.

A plain-spoken presentation by George Kiourktsoglou of the University of Greenwich, who is involved in a piracy research project with his colleage Dr. Alec Coutroubis, sparked an intense debate in which some participants called on naval patrols to exercise more force, and others stressed the need for an end to military interference in Somalia.

The status of any negotiations for the release of the Iceberg I, Panama-flagged and said to be under United Arab Emirates ownership, is unclear, and seafarer representatives in India and elsewhere are angry about the seeming abandonment of the victims. In all, it is said that nine Yemenis, six Indians, four Ghanaians, two Sudanese, two Pakistanis and one Filipino are being held.

Mr Klourktsoglou declared: “You cannot attack an idea with tanks, and poverty is an idea. If there is a chance to bring some closure, it will come from Somalia.” The Greenwich University academics are conducting research into the impact of Somali piracy on the shipping business, and potential ways of risk mitigation. They have designed a questionnaire which they urged shipping professionals to complete on a confidential basis, here. The results will be used to inform and support an academic paper, with the working title The Opinion of the International Ship-owning Community with regard to Somali Piracy. Read more.

The build up of tension for a crew as a merchant vessel nears the high risk areas of the Horn of Africa and Indian Ocean is witnessed in this blog by Captrasphody. Although the account is from 2010, it remains relevant today.
We joined the vessel on Port Said 14th August 2010 to relieve the resigned Master, Officers and crew – due passage of Somalia waters. The images of fear are drawn on their faces and reverberated by their voices as they stressed out their skeptic thoughts. This, definitely add up stress to us left behind. On the early morn of August 18, 2010 we commenced our voyage to Jebel Ali. We activated the dual bridge watch system (2 lookouts for every watch keeping officer per shift). We did not receive the night vision binoculars, which were requested, earlier by the off-signed Master and Mate but we do have the barbwires and some make shift dummies patterned after Bob Marley.

After completing the Suez Canal passage, we drop hook at Suez harbor and await essential parts including the acetylene and oxygen cutting tools. The Master called everybody on bridge for Security briefing and command that all must assist in installing the barbs. The crew reception on the orders were more of mixed emotions as not everyone exerted effort to “protect” the vessel. We received consolation from the head office, that the French Navy would give special attention to us until the vessel is clear from the pirate area.

It took 4 arduous days for the crew, which 2nd Engineer and I spearheaded to weld the flat bar brackets, weave the barbs and rig it around the ship on both deck 1 and 2. The job scope also includes welding flat bars on panama leads and freeing ports thereby restricting any access from the seaboard. We also communicated to the anti-piracy center base on Dubai (UKMTO) and regularly update them of our position. The center placed us on convoy with another vessel Mighty Michalis – a bulker. In order to arrived the rendezvous point (point A) of our scheduled convoy we have to ease down our speed to 8.5 knots. 2 days prior arrival point A, we advised our ETA to UKMTO but was revised because of the poor calculation done by the 2nd Officer. This resulted us to turn the vessel around to buy 3 hours. During such time I, Master/SSO mandated a lock down of all accesses from inside – Accommodation W/T doors’ dogs were shored up with wood as extra precaution, escape hatch coverer were locked from inside, all weather deck stores padlocked. None of us are allowed to go outside on the weather decks. Read more.

Hijacks:

Arabian Sea - MV reported hijacked at 1510UTC on 15 Feb, approx 25 miles SE of Sadh (east of Salalah, Oman). Awaiting further details. NATO reported hijack occurred 1939 UTC in position 18:10N - 057:21E on 17 Feb.

Unsuccessful Attacks (All regions):

Gulf of Guinea - Pirates boarded and hijacked a Panama-flagged diesel tanker, Saphina, drifting whilst awaiting orders and sailed to an unknown location at 1402 UTC: in position 04:57.7N - 002:16.7E, approximately 83nm South of Cotonou, Benin. Awaiting further details. Initial report (via IMB) 9 Feb. Sources state vessel Intercepted by Nigerian vessels and ship and crew were rescued.

South China Sea - Robbers boarded an anchored Liberia-flagged General Cargo Ship, Warnow Mars, at 0400 LT: in position 07:06.5S - 112:39.8E, Gresik Port Inner Anchorage, Indonesia. Robbers stole ship stores and escaped unnoticed. Incident was reported to the local authorities. Initial report (via IMB)10 Feb.

Gulf of Guinea - A Malta-flagged general cargo vessel, Cassiopeia, underway noticed on radar two boats approaching from astern at 1913 UTC: in position 05:11.5N-003:27.1E, 74nm south of Lagos fairway buoy, Nigeria. As the boats closed they fired upon the vessel. Alarm raised and crew mustered in a safe area. The boats chased the vessel for around 25 minutes before aborting and moving away. All crew safe. Ship sustained gun shot damage. Initial report (via IMB) 11 Feb.

South China Sea - A gang of seven robbers boarded an anchored Bahamas bulk carrier, Clipper Morning, using a hook and a rope at 0220 LT: in position 20:40N - 107:14E, Cailan Outer Anchorage, Vietnam. Duty A/B noticed the robbers and informed bridge who raised the alarm. All crew mustered. The robbers threatened the duty A/B with knives, broke the forepeak store lock and stole ship's stores. Crewmembers tried to stop the robbers but they threw knives, sticks and iron rod at them and started lowering the stolen stores into their boat. The Master stopped the crew from confronting the robbers as some of them were armed with pistols. The robbers escaped with the stolen stores in a small motor boat. Master attempted to contact the port control but received no response. Initial report (via IMB) 12 Feb.
Gulf of Guinea - Armed pirates chased and fired upon a drifting Panama bulk carrier, Fourseas SW. Vessel raised alarm and headed towards Lagos in position 04:43N - 003:44E, Around 110nm south of Lagos, Nigeria . All crew except the bridge team took shelter in the citadel. Due to the continuous firing the Captain and the C/E were shot and killed, other crew received injuries. The IMB Piracy Reporting Center immediately informed the Nigerian Authorities who sent out a rescue team. Reported (via IMB) 13 Feb. Rough seas prevented NN reaching location. FR warship picked up distress message and despatched helicopter and boarding team. Team provided medical assistance and ship was escorted into port.

Arabian Sea - Pirates on three small skiffs were deployed from a white haul boat, and subsequently attempted to hijack a Liberian-flagged Greek owned bulk carrier MV Mourmoura. The vessel was underway in position 14:57N - 064:29E. Three security guards aboard the bulker demonstrated their presence, and pirates aborted the attack. The vessel and her 19 Filipino crewmembers are reported to be safe. Reported (via Somalia Report) 13 Feb.
Gulf of Aden - Armed pirates in a single skiff attacked a Hong Kong-flagged, Canadian-owned container ship, MV Cosco Pride, while she was underway in position 13:09.5N - 048:48.9E. The Master made evasive manoeuvres, and evaded the attack. All crew members are safe, however the vessel suffered some damage. Reported (via Somalia Report) 13 Feb.
Indian Ocean - A fishing vessel, FV Sinjin 35, was attacked by pirates on a small skiff. The ship was in position 07:52S - 069:54E, but sped away leaving the fishing gear behind. Reported (via Somalia Report) 13 Feb.
Arabian Sea - 12 pirates armed with guns in a 20 feet dhow, brown in colour, name written as Hander, attacked and boarded a fishing vessel while engaged in fishing activities at 1930 LT: in position approximately 35 nm off Masirah Island, Oman.. They took hostage eight crewmembers, stole their personal belongings, cash, 2 drums of diesel and all food items available onboard the fishing vessel and escaped. No injuries to crew. The fishing vessel reported the incident to Omani authorities. The dhow with pirates onboard was reported to be operating South West of Masirah Island. Reported (via IMB) 14 Feb.

Indian Ocean - About 20 robbers in two boats approached an anchored Greece-flagged tanker, Olympic Flair, and attempted to board her at 1650 UTC: in position 09:57N – 076:02E, around 2.5nm South of SPM, Cochin Anchorage, India. The lookout crew noticed the robbers, raised the alarm and crew mustered. The robbers aborted the attack upon seeing the crew alertness and moved away. Initial report (via IMB) 15 Feb.

South Red Sea (BAM) - seven heavily armed pirates on two skiffs attempted to hijack a Panama-flagged, Singapore-owned chemical oil products tanker, MT Bow Sagami in position 12:35N - 042:20E. The Master raised the alarm, altered course, the onboard security team fired hand flares and warning shots, and pirates aborted the attack. The vessel and her crew, comprised of one Filipino and twenty Indians are now safe. Reported (via Somalia Report) 15 Feb.

EUNAVFOR figures state 6 vessels and an estimated 176 hostages held captive (Updated F eb 9). Somalia Report indicates 233 hostages held from captured vessels with a further 26 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 259 hostages. See the latest report. UKMTO figures state 10 ships and 194 hostages in captivity.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity (Click on Map for Larger View)

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Experts Call for Coordinated Counter-Piracy Message

Mon, 20 Feb 2012 16:26:25 UTC

International Maritime Experts Call for Better Coordinated Counter-Piracy Messaging

Source: Oceans Beyond Piracy

Press Release: International Maritime Experts Call for Better Coordinated Counter-Piracy Messaging

LONDON, UK - February 20, 2012 - The Oceans Beyond Piracy (OBP) Project, a privately funded initiative based in Denver Colorado, hosted a Somali counter-piracy messaging workshop in London on February 15-16 that was co-sponsored with the United Kingdom Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) and the United States Department of State. The event brought together more than 50 counter-piracy experts representing governments, international organizations, naval forces, the shipping industry, and seafarer groups to develop more effective Somali counter-piracy messaging strategies. The participants emphasized the importance of identifying and de-conflicting the myriad messaging efforts through better international coordination. The workshop mapped current and planned counter-piracy messaging initiatives – and over 30 distinct programs were identified. Participants therefore called for the harmonization of strategic messaging and to further develop effective Somali counter-piracy messaging practices that will feed into the ongoing work of the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (CGPCS) as the key international forum to help harmonize the multitude of Somali counter-piracy messaging efforts; and will complement the London Conference on Somalia to be held on Thursday, which will bring together more than 50 countries and international organizations to agree a new action-oriented approach to the issues facing Somalia. The group also developed recommendations for ways to enhance cooperation and coordination through the leadership of CGPCS Working Group 4, chaired by Ambassador Ashraf Mohsen of Egypt, who attended the conference.

In a public event held to discuss the results, the group emphasized the crucial role of messaging and public diplomacy as key components in a comprehensive approach to address the problem of Somali piracy. According to Anna Bowden from Oceans Beyond Piracy, media messaging is an important part of making the public understand the sizable human and economic costs associated with piracy. “We have documented that piracy cost industry and governments almost $7 Billion last year – but the real story is that 99% of these costs are not invested in a sustainable solution and must be paid every year until the piracy threat is significantly reduced.”

James Hughes, Chair of CGPCS Working Group 1 and Deputy Head of Security Policy at the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, attended the public event following the workshop and commented that, “This was an important, well-timed event, given its proximity to the London Conference on Somalia. Coordinated messaging is a key part of a comprehensive international approach to countering piracy, which in itself needs to be seen as part of a comprehensive approach to the issues facing the people of Somalia.”

OCEANUSLive was kindly invited to the event.

For more information about the work shop or the Oceans Beyond Piracy Project, contact Jens V. Madsen (+1 303.709.4776) or Anna Bowden (+1 303.709.5498).

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News: Chemical Tanker Hijacked for its Cargo - Nigeria

Sun, 19 Feb 2012 16:04:11 UTC

Chemical Tanker Hijack At Anchor in Lagos, Nigeria

In the early hours of January 16, a Bahamas-flagged chemical tanker, at anchor in Lagos, Nigeria, was hijacked by heavily armed pirates, or depending on the definition within territorial waters, heavily armed robbers.

Two heavily armed pirates were spotted on deck of an anchored Bahamas-flagged chemical tanker by the Officer Of the Watch (OOW) who raised the alarm at 0350 LT in the reported position 06:18N - 003:20E, Lagos anchorage, Nigeria.

The Master contacted the navy on VHF Channel 16, but received no response, according to the International Maritime Bureau, the piracy watchdog based in London and Malaysia.

Non-essential crew locked themselves in a safe location. Meanwhile, the pirates made their way to the bridge, fired warnings shots and gained access ono the bridge. They assaulted the Master and stole his personal effects. In the meantime, another 10 pirates arrived and ordered the Master to heave up anchor and the chief engineer to start the engines.

The pirates were very aggressive and highly agitated, and forced all crewmembers to lie down on the bridge floor. Under the pirates command, the vessel sailed to a location approximately 80-100nm South of Lagos. The crew were then forced to prepare the vessel for lightering operations - the act of transporting cargo from ship to shore via a lighter vessel.

On Jan 20, all crewmembers were locked in the smoke room and the lightering commenced. None of the crewmembers were able to see the lightering ship.

On Jan 21, the pirates disembarked at position 06:04N - 004:28E, after stealing crew cash and personal effects, and also ships' cash.

The Master returned to the Lagos anchorage, where authorities boarded to carry out an investigation. No injuries to crew were sustained, but the vessel sustained damage during lightering operations. The name of the chemical tanker has not been given so far.

This incident occurred a month prior to the incident where two crewmen from MV Fourseas SW were shot dead in a failed attempt to hijack a bulk carrier some 110NM off Lagos, Nigeria. Read more.

The piracy situation in Nigeria is compounded by a lack of suitable deterrents, says the UK P&I Club. The Nigerian navy is hard pressed to carry out existing missions, before considering the provision of effective anti-piracy cover. The Club advises that the utmost vigilance and preparedness, adapting the advice from BMP4 as necessary, and being mindful that violent piracy is spilling into neighbouring states waters where military assistance is even more remote, should be adopted.

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News: MV Leila Hijacked Off Omani Coast

Sat, 18 Feb 2012 16:54:58 UTC

MV Leila Hijacked by Pirates Off the Omani Coast

Original Source: Neptune Maritime Security

MSCHOA has confirmed the hijacked vessel as being MV Leila. The Panama-flagged Ro/Ro cargo vessel, with a crew of 24, is owned and operated by New Port Cargo & Shipping of Dubai, United Arab Emirates and was built in 1973. In 2009, the vessel was subject to a legal action and its crew held in Somaliland for several months.

The Leila’s last known position was as of 1100 UTC, 16:47N - 056:15E on a course of 260 at 4 knots. The vessel was not registered with MSCHOA, therefore her cargo and crew complement are unknown. Given the vessel’s size, age and probable value, we assess that this vessel is more likely to be used as a mothership rather than being held for ransom.

Following unsubstantiated reports of a successful hijacking on Thursday Feb 16, official sources including NATO and UKMTO have now confirmed that a merchant vessel has indeed been hijacked by pirates.

There remains some conflicting information as to the exact date and location of the hijacking, however, with NATO Shipping Centre reporting the vessel taken on Friday, Feb 17 in position 18:10N - 057:21E, approximately 50nm off the Omani coast. UKMTO, meanwhile, reports that the vessel was hijacked on Feb 15, approximately 25nm SE of Sadh (East of Salalah), Oman.

Initially, the hijacked vessel’s name was delayed in being confirmed. Sources had suggested that she was a German oil tanker.

The past week has seen a rise in the number of attempted hijackings and pirate attacks, as the monsoon season comes to an end and pirates expand their area of operations accordingly. News site, SomaliaReport, has stated that a fishing vessel was also hijacked in the last seven days and that large numbers of pirates are arriving in ports with the intention of beginning operations next week (February 20th is the traditional end of the ‘Wajillo’ winds in the region).

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List of Vessels Attacked - Southeast Asia - Jan 2012

Wed, 15 Feb 2012 14:56:06 UTC

Vessels Attacked in Southeast Asia Region - Jan 2012

Date	Area	Flag/Ship Type	Vessel Name	Position
1 Jan	SCS	Liberia bulk carrier	Grace One	03:44S - 114:27E
3 Jan	SCS	Liberia Container Ship	San Amerigo	14:36.60N - 120:53.10E
6 Jan	SCS	Hong Kong Container Ship	Pearl River Bridge	14:36.60N - 120:53.10E
7 Jan	SCS	Singapore Container Ship	Sima Saman	Ho Chi Minh Port
7 Jan	SCS	German Container Ship	Sarah Schulte	Jakarta Roads Anch.
11 Jan	SCS	Singapore Product Tanker	(Withheld)	01:17.30S - 116:48E
13 Jan	SCS	Panama bulk carrier	Triton Lark	01:41S - 116:38E
14 Jan	SCS	Panama Container Ship	OOCL Antwerp	01:24.28N - 104:42.09E
19 Jan	IOR	Singapore tanker	Maersk Prime	21:18.10N - 091:43.60E
21 Jan	SCS	Malta bulk carrier	Hana	21:14N - 091:44.20E
21 Jan	IOR	German Ro-Ro Cargo Ship	OXL Lotus	22:11.90N - 091:42.25E
22 Jan	MAL	Marshall Island chemical tanker	Fairchem Birdie	01:42.30N - 0101:27E
Jan	MAL	Cayman Islands (UK) chemical tanker	Mid Nature	01:42N - 101:26E
27 Jan	SCS	Gibraltar (UK) Container Ship	Istrian Express	20:38.40N -106:53E
28 Jan	SCS	Panama chemical tanker	Golden Fountain	05:48N - 118.05E
28 Jan	SCS	Singapore bulk carrier	MP Panamax 5	01:43.80S - 116:38.30E

Legend: SCS - South China Sea; MAL - Malacca Strait; IOR - Indian Ocean Region

Hijack - 0; Attacks/Robbery - 16

Sources: IMB Piracy Reporting Centre; IMO.

Graphical representation of attacks in the Southeast Asia region.

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Communicating the Armed Deterrent

Wed, 15 Feb 2012 11:13:20 UTC

Communicating The Armed Deterrent

Armed deterrent is making an impact, but at a price

By Paul Gibbins - PGC Global

In the fight against piracy, it is widely accepted that the armed deterrent is making an impact, but at a price. With the recent publication by One Earth Foundation estimating that private security is costing just over a half a billion dollars last year, the spotlight is shining upon the private maritime security sector like never before, particularly given the current period of austerity! And yet, for all its merits, it has taken some time for this method of deterrence against piracy to gain acceptance in the shipping community. Opinion remains divided, where concerns remain not only of whether to 'go armed', but more importantly, whom to trust with the provision of such a service? Where reputations are at stake, private maritime security companies (PMSC's) are under significant pressure to provide a high quality service. The inherent risks are well known, and whilst many are working extremely hard to deliver their product, exactly what armed guards do and how they do it is still misunderstood. It would appear that the 'armed debate' continues, confusingly, often without maritime security companies' contribution.

It is acknowledged that with the comparative surge in contemporary piracy, a frustrated shipping industry has been forced to adopt much more robust measures to deter hijackers. Whilst 'Best Management Practice' has been incorporated as an industry standard in transiting high-risk waters, the private security sector has also contributed in the form of armed guards. Supply of the armed deterrent has certainly kept pace with demand and with the inevitable proliferation of maritime security has come significant choice; "armed" providers have appeared, literally, out of nowhere. So much so, that some traditional 'land based' security providers have identified the opportunities at sea and added 'maritime security' to their list of services. After all, how hard could it be? Very, if we are to consider the challenges of moving security teams and their equipment, to the right place, at the right time, with all necessary permissions and licences in place, in accordance with the clients' wishes; it is not to be underestimated.

Throughout the growth of PMSC's in an immature and unregulated sector, there has been a varying standard of service, which has not helped the sector with its credibility. Opinion remains divided as to the legal and moral justification of armed guards on board commercial vessels. The armed deterrent challenges long ago established international law, and exist in a seemingly grey miasma of legal interpretation to operate. However, despite the early stories of security teams smuggling weapons on board and employing vague rules for the use of force, maritime security providers have now become highly adept at delivering their product. The overall service is now far more transparent and compliant with codes of conduct and a cogent respect for local and international laws. Many reputable PMSC's retain a maritime lawyer of some kind, safeguarding their actions throughout. Undeniably, PMSC's have delivered a much-needed antidote to modern piracy, focusing upon the business of delivery and unless challenged, steering well away from the 'armed deterrent' debate.

So why bother engaging in the armed debate? After all, maritime security providers are doing a thriving business servicing the shipping community. Well, there might be a benefit to creating a relatively benign environment for the service to be delivered. That means exerting some 'influence'; a conditions based approach that develops a broad and coherent understanding of maritime security; after all, not everyone 'gets it'! Consider the debate without the PMSC's input, a narrative of half-truths and hypothesis, without informed opinion from the very people delivering this difficult task - the maritime security provider. How many times has maritime security providers had to explain the difference between a rule of engagement and a rule for the use of force? How often has the escalation of violence theory been wheeled out to dismiss the armed deterrent outright? How frequent has the jurisdiction and ultimate use of armed guards in territorial waters been discussed? All these issues inform the narrative and quite simply, if you're not in the conversation, then you have no influence over it and skewed definitions and conclusions will pervade, potentially inhibiting business development. In 2011, when MP's of the UK Parliamentary Select Committee asked for subject matter expert witnesses to answer questions on Somali Piracy. Various representatives from the shipping community appeared, including EUNAVFOR and a maritime lawyer, but only one private maritime security company chose to participate, and even then declined to appear in person, and submit written evidence instead.

Another by-product of public relations engagement might also include preparation for a crisis - an interruption of business critical to the reputation and continuance of that business - which given the nature of the armed deterrent, should feature high on the list of pre-requisites for delivery! In times of crisis it is crucial for an organisation to possess a capacity to communicate, to have its own narrative already in the public domain, where an understanding of their product already exists. It is a supreme challenge for any business to simultaneously have to communicate bad news, and also explain what it is they do and how they do it. To have an established relationship with the media before the crisis breaks allows for an exchange of information based upon a tacit understanding of the product, even an element of trust, ensuring that communicating through the crisis is achieved coherently, and with credibility safeguarding reputation throughout. For some, the realisation to proactively communicate, and market their 'product', has only come after finding themselves in a crisis. As the maritime security sector witnessed one of the leading PMSC's have four of its operatives detained in North Africa for nearly six months in 2011, this incident showed just how risky the provision of the armed deterrent can be. The company in question had to learn very quickly exactly how to respond to a hostile media, and maintain the integrity of the business (reputation), whilst delivering a first class service to its clients throughout the crisis.

But credit where it's due. A minority of PMSC's are just beginning to observe the benefit of public relations engagement. There is a growing appetite for traditional and digital communications, participating in debate, offering opinion and, most importantly of all, shaping the environment in order to function as legitimate and successful businesses in their own right.

But without doubt, all Private Maritime Security providers operate under intense scrutiny at sea, in commerce, and in complex legal and moral frameworks, where credibility and reputation are intrinsic to the business of delivery. Placing individuals in high-risk environments is not undertaken lightly and many PMSC's deliver a very high quality service in exceptionally challenging circumstances. However, in the interests of future business, they just might benefit from talking about it a little more.

Paul Gibbins is an independent maritime communications consultant. Formerly the Director of Communications for a leading UK maritime security company and an ex-Royal Marine, he has worked on various public relations projects on behalf of the United Nations, the US & UK Governments in Sierra Leone, Lebanon, Iraq, Somalia, Afghanistan, Iraq and Kosovo. Contact: paul@pgc-global.org.

The views expressed are those of the contributor and do not necessarily reflect those of OCEANUSLive.

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Nigeria Pirates Kill MV Fourseas SW Captain & C/E

Sun, 12 Feb 2012 20:08:22 UTC

Captain and Chief Engineer Killed During Pirate Attack Off Nigeria

Pirates fired on a drifting Panama-flagged bulk carrier off the coast of Nigeria, killing the captain and chief engineer, a maritime watchdog body said as it warned shipping to stay clear of the area.

MV Fourseas SW (Photo: Joop Klassman)

Cyrus Mody, a manager at the IMB, said the vessel's captain and chief engineer "were killed in the shooting."

The attack, which took place 110 nautical miles off the coast, is one of three to have occurred in the area since Thursday, the IMB said.

The attackers are believed to be "Nigerian pirates", according to Noel Choong, head of the IMB's Kuala Lumpur-based piracy reporting centre.
He said the centre had alerted Nigerian authorities, who launched an operation to intercept the pirates and rescue the ship. He could not provide any information on the origins of the ship or its crew.

Nigeria's navy spokesman Kabir Aliyu confirmed the attack.

"MV FORCES was attacked by pirates at about 110 nautical miles south of Lagos Fairway Buoy. Two crew members seriously injured and later reported dead. Others sustained various degrees of injuries," he said in a statement to AFP.

"We are still searching for the vessel," he said.
The IMB said other recent attacks in the area included a tanker that was hijacked south of Nigeria on Thursday. Nigerian vessels intercepted that ship and rescued its crew. Read more.

More up-to-date reports state that the vessel is the Panama-flagged, MV Fourseas SW. The 29,700 DWT bulk carrier, built in 2010, is owned by the Taiwanese company, Shih Wei Navigation of Taipei. The bulker was attacked at approximately 0250 UTC.

Although the IMB Piracy Reporting Center immediately informed the Nigerian authorities who sent out a rescue team, due to rough seas, the naval team could not reach the location.

A French warship in the area, which received the warning broadcast, went to the aid of the distressed vessel and despatched a helicopter. A boarding team boarded the vessel and escorted it into Lagos port. The vessel is presently at the inner anchorage in Lagos port.

The authorities boarded the vessel and a medical team gave assistance to the crew. Later, all crew members and two bodies were taken ashore.

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Weekly Piracy Report

Sun, 12 Feb 2012 14:31:24 UTC

10 February 2012

Back with a vengeance: MVs hijacked in Arabian Sea and off Nigeria; attacks in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean whilst Iran thwarts attack. Study shows where piracy has influenced shipping, insurance and security industry costs. Somali region jails eight. Pirates kill fishermen in S America and Danube pirates are debunked. Maersk paying the price of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea. Somalia asks for help from Sri Lanka. Armed guards said to be keeping ship reporting quiet and standardised contract gets ever closer to publication as insurance and liability is debated. Gearing up to the London Conference on Somalia. EU sets up security training in Somalia. Ship owners urge government to be heavier handed with captured pirates as notorious pirate, 'Six-Toe Joe' is handed over in Seychelles. Trilateral agreement signed between S Africa, Tanzania and Mozambique. A university is to provide the first Maritime Security degree course.

East Africa

Following days of confusion and concern, Greek-owned MV Free Goddess was confirmed as hijacked by pirates some 520nm Northeast of Socotra Island, Yemen, and began transiting towards Somalia.

The Liberia-flagged bulk carrier came under attack on Feb 7 in position 16.03N - 062.26E at around 1500 UTC from an unknown number of pirates.

Reports state that UKMTO received a call from the CSO of Free Goddess stating that he could not contact the vessel. The Free Goddess was en route from Adabiya, Egypt to Singapore, carrying 19,475mt of steel cable with a crew of 21 Filipinos on board. The vessel was not responding to any calls. Read more.

Iran's Navy warships have foiled a pirate attack on an Iranian oil tanker close to the Bab el-Mandeb strait, which connects the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden off the coast of lawless Somalia.

“The Iranian oil tanker was attacked by 35 pirate boats on Sunday [Feb 5] afternoon,” Iranian Navy Deputy Commander Rear Admiral Seyyed Mahmoud Mousavi said, according to Iran's Press TV.

No injuries were reported among the crews of the Iranian ships. Read more.

An Somali ex-Minister, intelligence chief and senior military officer, General Galaal, says despite 20,000 ships passing through the Gulf of Aden and the fact nearly all powers of the world are seemingly ready to fight piracy off the coast of Somalia, he harbours serious doubts concerning the intent of such operational deployments, comments Somalia Report.

"These men with the naval warships have the capability to detect the slightest sound of submarines, 30 meters deep inside the sea, they also have the capacity to intercept VHF communications between the cartels and the pirates, so it's impossible for them not to foil piracy plans by intercepting their communications," says Galaal.

He wonders why "these international forces cannot detect pirates operating in 8-metre long vessels with two engines that make crackling sound louder than that of jet fighters, when they can see a dolphin 500nm from them in the night."

He faulted the current efforts by both the international forces and the Somali government to counter piracy. In stating that the 3-year old government has failed to safeguard international waters, he iterates that the government is "not ready to accept any ideal contributions from other professionals." Read more.

The alleged release of the Iranian dhow, Al-Khaliil, claimed by the owners to have been hijacked by pirates and then released following the hijack of another vessel is being monitored by Somalia Report. It was claimed that the dhow and its 19 crew were released without the payment of a ransom. Read more.

West Africa

Early reports state that a product tanker was hijacked by pirates offshore Lagos, Nigeria in position 04:57.7N - 002:16.7E at approximately 1402 UTC on Feb 10. The vessel was sailed to an unknown location. Further details have yet to be provided. IMB Piracy Reporting Centre is monitoring the situation.

Nigerian ship owners have kicked against the Federal Government attempt to award a N16 billion contract to a private firm, Messrs Global West Vessel Specialist Nigeria Limited (GWVSNL) for the security and surveillance of the nation’s maritime domain - This Day Live.

The Nigerian ship owners, under the aegis of Indigenous Ship owners Association of Nigeria (ISAN), said they would not subject their vessels to inspection to the officials of GWVSNL.

They maintained that none of them would allow any of their ships to be intercepted, stopped, boarded, searched or regulated by officials or agents of the private firm.

The firm allegedly signed a contract with the Federal Ministry of Transport to undertake the policing of the waterways due to what sources said was the huge financial requirements for the job that could not be mustered by a government agency.

South America

A four-person fishing boat that traveled to aid one of the fishing crews victimized by this weekend’s pirate attacks capsized on Saturday night, with just one of the four fishermen aboard returning to shore thus far.

The vessel had gone to bring an outboard motor to one of the boats attacked on Friday, but capsized due to heavy rain and rough waters, according to a release from the Guyana Police Force, reports MARSECReview.

All of the fishermen who suffered the 24-hour pirate attack, according to the government.

Meanwhile, Guyana is planning to tighten security measures on its waterways following the spate of attacks on the country’s Pomeroon River.

A team including members of the Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre and the Guyana Defence Force and Coast Guard will be meeting with the fishermen who were attacked this weekend.

While no lives were lost and 15 fishermen were rescued, according to the government, two boats were badly wrecked in the attack.

Guyana’s government is considering implanting a Global Positioning System on fishing boats in order to be able to identify the location of fishing boats in the event of an attack.

Battered by years of piracy, Meadowbank Wharf fishermen yesterday picketed the Office of the President and were moments later summoned to a meeting with President Donald Ramotar who they said listened to their pleas for coast guard patrolling and the overall security of Guyana’s fishing zone - Stabroek News.

Their dramatic action followed a piracy blitz on Friday off the Essequibo coast in which as many as 15 boats were attacked and their crews beaten and robbed. At one point a large number of fishermen were locked into the hold of one of the vessels. Around 19 fishermen had to be rescued from the sea on Friday and Saturday after being left by the pirates to drift. There was further tragedy when a boat going to the aid of the battered fishermen capsized off of Suddie. Two men died and several others are missing. There was one survivor.

Pro-government militants, Ahlu Suna Waljamaca (ASWJ) sentenced 8 pirates to jail on Thursday in Galagaduud region of central Somali, according to Somalia Report.

The 8 pirates were seized by ASKa week ago and appear in court in the region. Of the eight pirates, five were sentenced to 6-months prison terms and banished from areas under ASWJ's control. The other three were each sentenced to 2-months jail terms, said a witness at the hearing.

ASWJ officials promised that they will continue to do all they can to handle security issues including piracy. Read more.

Private armed guards placed on merchant vessels to protect them against Somali pirates are under-reporting attacks, according to the European Union naval force patrol-ling in the Gulf of Aden and Indian Ocean, writes the Edmonton Journal.

Security teams are concealing details even though industry practice is to alert armed forces about any attacks or pirate sightings, Simon Church, EU NAVFOR's industry liaison officer, said Wednesday at a piracy forum in London.

"Security teams are shaping this on-board decision-making for reasons of liability, because of the action they may have taken to defend ships against attack," said Church, who works at a counter-piracy base in Northwood, England.

The number of armed guards stationed on ships travelling through the region jumped this year as pirate attacks soared to a record and countries including the U.K. changed laws to allow weapons on board. Somali pirates cost the shipping industry and governments as much as $6.9 billion last year, according to a One Earth Future Foundation report. Read more.

Work on the drafting of an industry standard contract for the employment of security guards on ships has now reached phase two of its development. The GUARDCON Sub-committee has completed its initial drafting of the contract and has now entered into a consultation process with private maritime security companies and marine underwriters. While BIMCO would like to be able to involve every company interested in this highly topical project, it is simply not practical to do so - Safety4Sea.

Instead, the Sub-committee has contacted a small selection of reputable international maritime security firms directly to solicit their views on the basic principles addressed in the contract. Likewise, it is important to involve those who will write insurance cover for security providers when using GUARDCON and a similar consultation process has been implemented with a small group of major underwriters who are known to have already written cover for security guards.

As to when GUARDCON will be published, according to BIMCO's Chief Officer Contractual and Legal Affairs, Grant Hunter "We cannot, at this stage, know what the volume of feedback from the consultation process will be, or indeed what the feedback from members of the Documentary Committee will be - so it is difficult to place a precise timetable for the publication of GUARDCON at present. However, BIMCO has set aside the next two weeks for the process, so all going well GUARDCON should appear before the end of February".

Worldwide communities have shown an increased awareness of the importance of providing an outlook for ending piracy. While reflecting on challenges and learning from failures, communities are taking part in the socio-technological dialogue in which good practice becomes the intellectual backbone for defeating piracy - World Maritime News.

The French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME) is putting down a new marker for the maritime industry by piloting an anti-pirate attack project. The 12-million-euro project was presented last week to approximately 400 delegates attending MARISK, a forum on shipping security held in Nantes, France.

A French military training vessel Partisan will be equipped with a range of traps and non-lethal defense devices. Sophisticated radar systems and infrared cameras will contribute to detecting the impending danger at an early point, allowing the crew to prepare for imminent risks and inform the authorities of all possible threats. Read more.

A paper recently released through Academia.eu covers the issue of Armed Guards on Vessels: Insurance and Liability. Read the article here.

The University of Greenwich has launched what is claimed to be the world’s first MSc in Maritime Security - Tanker Operator.

The course is designed to help the shipping industry tackle threats, such as piracy and terrorism. It will also deal with new issues affecting environmental and energy security and aims to equip graduates, security personnel, serving and former members of the armed services with the professional skills they need to succeed in senior management roles in this growing professional sector.

The university’s Greenwich Maritime Institute (GMI) has teamed up with its School of Engineering and Natural Resources Institute (NRI), with Marine Insurance and Maritime Crime Consultants and with the Security Association for the Maritime Industry (SAMI), to develop the course.

The course starts this September and students can study full-time for one year, or part-time over two years. Read more.

The UK Foreign Secretary, William Hague, spoke at Chatham House of the new effort by the British Government to help Somalia, writes FCO.gov. The speech began, " I am very grateful to Robin Niblett and to Chatham House for hosting this event. Chatham House’s Africa programme is highly regarded internationally, especially for their work with Diaspora communities, so this is a very appropriate place to hold today’s consultation. And I am extremely grateful to all of you for coming today, and to anyone who is watching us via live stream over the Internet.

In just over two weeks’ time London will host a major international conference on Somalia, attended by heads of government and senior representatives from more than 50 countries and organisations, including the President and Prime Minister of Somalia itself.

We want to consult you about this, as members of the Somali community here in Britain. I am joined by our Minister for Africa Henry Bellingham, who will take your questions later. Together, we want to explain to you what the London Conference aims to do; we want to hear your views; and we hope to inspire you to use your connections in Somalia to amplify the message that we care about Somalia and that now is the time for them to make their voices heard. The result of our discussions will be published on our Foreign Office website and will feed into the conference.

The London Conference on Somalia is an initiative launched by our Prime Minister David Cameron. The Prime Minister is convinced, as I am, that we need a better international strategy to address Somalia’s problems and to help its people; and that conditions in Somalia mean that the time is right for a determined new effort to help the country get on its feet.

A more stable Somalia is vital to our national security here in Britain; it is essential for the stability of the Horn of Africa; and it is long overdue for the people of Somalia who have endured twenty years of desperate suffering." Read full speech here.

Garowe Online reports on the speech by H.E. Abdirahman Mohamed Mohamud (Farole) at the 21st Meeting of the International Contact Group on Somalia held in Djibouti City, Djibouti on 5-6 February 2012.

Mr. Chairman, Excellencies, Honorable Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to address this 21st Meeting of the International Contact Group (ICG) on Somalia. Our people and country has been in turmoil two decades and it is encouraging to see growing international attention towards Somalia. I am very hopeful that this renewed attention and engagement will bear positive results in advancing peace, security, stability, development, and democracy for the people of Somalia, the region and the wider international community.

Today, I would like to briefly touch on three key issues: 1) security and stabilization efforts; 2) political developments; and 3) humanitarian issues. Read more.

EU Training in Mogadishu (Photo: EUNAVFOR.eu)

For the first time, General Håkan Syrén, Chairman of the EU Military Committee, Rear Admiral Duncan Potts, Operation Commander of the EU NAVFOR – Operation Atalanta, and Colonel Michael Beary, Commander of the EU Training Mission for Somalia (EUTM), paid a joint visit to the Somali authorities in Mogadishu.

They reiterated with the members of the Joint Security Committee, which includes senior representatives from the Transitional Federal Government and regions including Puntland and Galmudug, the EU’s intention to enhance peace and security and to counter piracy in Somalia, reports EUNAVFOR.eu.

The meetings confirmed the need for closer cooperation with the Somali authorities to further strengthen Somali security forces and to improve law and order, with a view to improve the daily lives of the Somali people. The EU officials also stressed that security gains can only be sustainable when the political process moves forward as well.

“The Somali security concerns are our concerns as well and we need to tackle them together” said Rear Admiral Potts.

The possible upcoming EU civilian mission – augmented with military expertise – to strengthen maritime capacities in the Horn of Africa was also discussed with the Somali partners. Complementing the successful EU NAVFOR Atalanta operation at sea, this mission would, inter alia, assist Somali and regional efforts to counter piracy on land.

A team of 12 troops from Uganda, part of the African Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), received vessel protection training from French and Ukrainian specialists in Mombasa - EUNAVFOR.

EU Trains AMISOM VPD - eunavfor.eu

The training is the second in an ongoing scheme and part of the comprehensive approach to improve AMISOM capabilities, in this case with enhanced and specialised drills to respond to a potential pirate attack.

The EU NAVFOR trained AMISOM Vessel Protection Detachment (VPD) will form a group of troops who may embark on the ships providing logistic support for AMISOM shipping en-route to Mogadishu.

Training in the pirates’ modus operandi, tactics, rules of engagement, unarmed combat and detention of suspects were carried out before moving to the AMISOM ship for practical drills.

More than two decades after it unilaterally asserted its independence from the rest of Somalia, Somaliland plans to lobby hard at a major conference in London in February for something it has sorely lacked since its inception: international recognition of its sovereignty.

"Somaliland will attend because 44 nations will be there and those are the ones we need to lobby and explain why Somaliland should be recognized; we see it as an opportunity," Abdillahi Jama Geeljire, Somaliland's Minister of Fisheries and Ports, said.

The London Conference, hosted by the UK government, is expected to bring together "senior representatives from over 40 governments and multi-lateral organizations... with the aim of delivering a new international approach to Somalia", according to a statement posted on the website of the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office - IRIN .

Geeljire said: "Somaliland was invited on equal terms with those nations that will participate; it is a golden opportunity for our country and will give us the exposure we need to present our case. It will provide Somaliland with the opportunity to share with our Somali brothers our experience and how we achieved the peace and stability we enjoy today and they are searching for."

South Africa signed a maritime agreement with Tanzania and Mozambique on Tuesday to join forces against pirate attacks along the east coast of Africa.

The trilateral agreement followed a surge in attacks by Somali pirates - IOL.co.za.

“The agreement will see the three countries working together in securing territorial waters of each respective country,” the department of defence said.

“This includes the three parties sending members to participate in the combined maritime operations aimed at searching and interdicting bases of pirates and any other illegal activities in the territorial waters.”

At the signing ceremony in Dar es Salaam, Tanzanian President Jokaya Kikwete thanked President Jacob Zuma and his Mozambican counterpart Armando Guebuza for working together to fight piracy in the southern part of the Indian Ocean.

“We will do everything possible to support our forces in combating piracy effectively... we have to keep our seas safe,” Kikwete said in comments quoted by the department of international relations.

Sisulu said the three countries had “taken a lead in implementing the maritime strategy endorsed by Southern African Developing Community”.

The agreement gave rights to the three forces to, among other things, patrol, search, arrest, seize and undertake pursuit operations on any maritime crime suspect or pirate.

The South African frigate, SAS Mendi, is deployed along the Mozambican channel to combat piracy.

The signing ceremony was attended by navy chief Vice Admiral Johannes Mudimu and the Tanzanian and Mozambican military commands.

Mayor Alfredo S. Lim extended his utmost thanks, gratitude and appreciation to the Russian government for rescuing and helping Filipino sailors who get victimized by Somalian pirates - Neptune Maritime Security.

Lim made the pronouncements as he welcomed a Russian delegation that brought to the country the flagship of Admiral Panteleyev and two other ships, “Boris Botuma,” a large sea tanker, and “Fotiy Krylov,” a rescue tug.

The vessels arrived in Manila for a visit to promote friendly ties between the Philippines and Russia. City officials led by Lim and chief of staff and media bureau chief Ric de Guzman visited the huge anti-submarine ship “Admiral Panteleyev” which docked at Pier 15 of the Manila South Harbor for a guided tour, which was followed by cocktails with the Russian Federation Ambassador, H.E. Nikolay Kudashev and the ship officers. Subsequently, Lim presented the symbolic keys to the city to Kudashev and Captain Andrey Saprikin, senior commanding officer, during the Russian delegation’s courtesy call on the mayor.

There, the mayor reiterated the country’s gratitude for the help being extended to Filipinosailors against Somali pirates. The incidents were unreported to the Philippine authorities by the ship owners.

With the need to prepare an international action plan to curb piracy on the high seas, Somalia has sought inputs from Sri Lanka on how it curbed the Sea Tiger menace, Minister Rajitha Senaratne said in Parliament today, reports Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka).

The minister read out the letter written by the Puntland State Government in Somalia to the Defence Minister. In the letter Counter Piracy Directorate’s Director General Abdrrizak M. Ahamed said Somalia was hit by an increase in acts of piracy on its waters and beyond its economic zones despite the presence of a well-trained police service. He said a large number of international war ships patrol Somalia’s waters, but this appears to be a temporary solution.

As a result, Mr. Ahamed had proposed to set up a permanent mechanism to address this issue as early as possible.

Mr. Ahamed had said that Somalia had proposed to present a comprehensive plan acceptable not only to the international community but also to the people of Somalia and had decided to discuss the matter with the Sri Lanka government on confidential basis.

Having read out the letter the minister said he had taken steps to secure the release of six Sri Lankan fishermen held by Somali pirates who had demanded a ransom for the fishermen’s release.

The minister said it would be impossible to secure their release by approaching the problem only through diplomatic channels.

“I have taken all possible steps through diplomatic channels. We have informed the relevant authorities,” he said.

Since 2005, Somali pirates started to move around the Yemeni waters to hijack ships and kidnap crews, asking for millions of dollars as ransoms and causing an ever-increasing problem for Yemen. Somali piracy in the 20th century began with the collapse of the state in 1991. As the security situation deteriorated, the smuggling of illegal immigrants as well as the smuggling weapons began to flourish, comments Yemen Times.

Of the 752 pirates currently facing prosecution in 11 countries, Yemen has arrested 120 pirates since 2005. During 2008 and 2009, Yemen detained 62 pirates.

However, due to the high cost of keeping pirates in detention while they await prosecution, Yemen stopped detaining and trying Somali pirates submitted by international forces since 2009. These pirates were attacking ships in non-Yemeni regional waters, according to the CGA.

At present, five Yemeni fishermen from Mukala, Hadramout, remain in jail in India after the authorities assumed they were Somali pirates in May. Two months ago another boat in Yemeni waters was attacked by an Indian ship – the fishermen’s belongings, along with their fish, were thrown overboard. The men were also beaten according to Al-Mahdi. Read more.

The Board of Directors of the International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), whose member national shipowners’ associations represent all sectors and trades and more than 80% of the world merchant fleet, met in London on 6 February - BYM News.

ICS members reviewed the continuing threat to shipping from Somali pirates in the Indian Ocean. Noting that the capability of Somali pirates is actually higher than it has ever been, ICS believes that effective compliance with Best Management Practices by shipping, and sustained military intervention with a more aggressive stance, has reduced the pirates’ rate of success. However, the current situation remains totally unacceptable, with about 200 seafarers still being held hostage in the most appalling conditions, with thousands more still having to transit the danger area in constant fear of their lives.

ICS national associations agreed to work to ensure that the problem of piracy retains sufficient political and public attention so that the crisis might be properly and decisively addressed during the year ahead. Read more.

Shipowners urged governments to take a heavier hand to captured Somali pirates and their financiers, as the threat to trade and seafarers increases, says JOC.com.

The International Chamber of Shipping, whose membership makes up more than 80 percent of the world merchant fleet, said more aggressive military intervention was needed in the Indian Ocean.

“The current situation remains totally unacceptable, with about 200 seafarers still being held hostage in the most appalling conditions, with thousands more still having to transit the danger area in constant fear of their lives,” said the ICS’s board of directors in a statement.

Although better shipping practices and military co-ordination had reduced the chances of pirates being successful, the threat had not diminished.

ICS Chairman Spyros Polemis said shipowners need to persuade the government to directly attack pirates while keeping merchant ships safe. He said every captured pirates should be tried and imprisoned if found guilty.

“Thirdly, governments must break the financial chain through legal action against criminal financiers investing in piracy wherever in the world they are identified,” Polemis said.

Oceans Beyond Piracy released a report that raises concerns about the cost of Somali Piracy to the world economy. Approximately 80% of all costs are borne by the shipping industry, while governments account for 20% of the expenditures associated with countering piracy attacks. The report estimates the 2011 economic cost of piracy was between $6.6 and $6.9 billion. Read more.

A research document, entitled "Treasure Mapped: Using Satellite Imagery to Track the Developmental Effects of Somali Piracy,” was published by UK-based Chatham House website, in January 2012, comments Garowe Online.

This report, written by Dr. Anja Shortland of Brunel University, aimed to analyze how piracy proceeds were used, between 2001-2009. While the aim of the research is academic, the content is full of contradictions, uses faulty evidence, biased research methodology, street- talk, hearsay, and was clearly prepared by a person(s) with a clear political agenda in Somalia. It is noteworthy to mention that the researcher has failed to meet her research interests, namely the “interaction between political conditions, institutions, and economic outcomes.”

The researcher’s contradictions are embarrassing by any measure. While claiming throughout the 28-page report that piracy proceeds are spent locally, the researcher goes on to say: “…a significant proportion of the proceeds is invested in foreign goods or channelled to foreign financiers.” In another example on page 4, the researcher says: “…because much of the money generated is moved aboard.” Read more.

Safeguarding new African shipping routes against pirates has turned into a costly affair for shipper Maersk, says The Copenhagen Post.

Exporters and shipping companies are not the only ones profiting from growing business and trade between Nigeria and the rest of the world.

Pirate entrepreneurs have also discovered the increased opportunities and have revved up their activities in and around the Gulf of Guinea.

That increase in activity cost container shipping giant Maersk Line 1.1 billion kroner last year as it spent more on training and equipment designed to deter pirate attacks. That is double the amount the company spent on anti-piracy in 2010.

In 2011, there were 64 reported incidents of piracy in the West African region versus 46 the year before, according to the UN. The international organisation notes, however, that many incidents and thwarted attempts go unreported.

The rising market in piracy is one trend that Maersk executives are following with rapt attention.

Pulled by a tugboat puffing plumes of smoke, a convoy of barges moves slowly on the Danube, somewhere in south-eastern Romania - Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty.

Although it’s winter, there’s been little snow or rain and the water level is low. The tugboat stops, unhooks the barges, then begins pulling them in pairs across a stretch of the river that is particularly shallow.

Several barges, filled with ore or coal, wait for hours for their turn. Some pull by the bank, guarded only by a couple of crew members.

This is a scene repeated daily on the Romanian sector of the lower Danube and involves ships from various nations, as the Danube is one of Europe’s main transport routes.

It was a Ukrainian barge convoy that performed this drill on January 4. What happened next is still under investigation by Romanian authorities.

The Ukrainian owner of the convoy, the Danube Shipping Company, said one of its barges -- UDP-1724 -- isolated by the rest of the convoy while waiting to be tugged, was robbed after being boarded by a group of knife-wielding men.

The company said the attackers stole money, fuel, alcohol, and cigarettes and threatened to throw the skipper overboard. No crew members were harmed.

The company filed a complaint with the Romanian River Police, saying it had been the victim of a “pirate attack,” leading the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry to summon Romania’s ambassador in Kyiv.

Speaking to RFE/RL, Ukrainian Foreign Ministry spokesman Oleksandr Dikusarov stopped short of calling the incident an act of piracy.

"We confirm these facts, these events, that occurred on January 4. We don’t say that they are pirates," Dikusarov said. "They are criminals who attack ships, including Ukrainian ones. Read more.

The notorious Somali gangster — dubbed Six Toe Joe in defence circles — also has ten fingers plus two thumbs due to a rare condition, The Sun says in a report "Yo-Ho-Toe".

He was seized with 13 others last month with a stash of weapons including rocket launchers and hand grenades and now faces years in jail for piracy in the Indian Ocean. He was handed to authorities in the Seychelles last week.

A jubilant source said last night: "We have finally captured the pirate with 12 toes and 12 fingers! This is a massive scalp for the Royal Navy.

"He's the modern day Long John Silver. When you think of pirates you think of peg-legs, not excessive fingers and toes, but the rumours proved to be true."

His bizarre condition is called polydactyly, which affects sufferers from birth.

It is easily remedied in most advanced countries by simple operations to remove the extra digit.

But health care in war-torn Somalia is extremely basic and it appears Six Toe Joe grew up unaffected by his deformity.

The Navy ship RFA Fort Victoria — on a four-month mission with NATO's counter-piracy task force codenamed Operation Ocean Shield — picked up the pirates from a hijacked Yemeni fishing boat.

Hijack:

Arabian Sea - Liberia-flagged bulk carrier, MV Free Goddess, came under attack and was reported Hijacked by pirates in position 16:03N - 062:26E 1500 UTC, approximately 520nm Northeast of Socotra Island, Yemen. The vessel last reported in position 11:59N - 058:09E, approximately 110nm E of Socotra on Feb 9. Originally reported 7 Feb (See above report).
Gulf of Guinea - Pirates boarded and hijacked a product tanker drifting whilst awaiting orders at 1402 UTC: 04:57.7N - 002:16.7E, Offshore Lagos, Nigeria, and sailed the vessel to an unknown location. Awaiting further details. Reported (via IMB) 9 Feb.

Unsuccessful Attacks (All Regions):

Indian Ocean - (Late report) German-flagged Ro-Ro cargo ship, OXL Lotus, whilst at anchor at 2215 LT in position 22:11.9N - 091:42.25E was boarded by 5 robbers in 2 small boats and escaped with three mooring ropes. No crew injuries were sustained. Port authorities and Bangladesh CG informed. Reported (via ReCAAP) 21 Jan. CG ship Shetgang conducted extensive search near outer anchorage but no items or robbers traced. After further extensive search, CG recovered the stolen ropes on Kutubdia Island on 25 Jan. The ropes were handed to customs for legal action.
Red Sea - Pirates in two skiffs chased a Singapore-flagged, Norway-owned LPG Tanker, MT Norgas Sonoma, underway and approached within 0.2nm at 1445 LT in position 12:43.8N - 043:17.5E, Bab El Mandeb, Red Sea. The tanker enforced anti piracy measures, altered course and managed to evade the attack. Reported (via IMB) 6 Feb.

West Africa - Duty watch onboard an anchored Liberia-flagged container ship, Gallia, noticed wet footprints on the deck and the padlock to the bowthruster room broken at 0110 UTC: in position 04:46S - 011:47E, Point Noire anchorage, The Congo. He informed the OOW who noticed a small boat alongside the vessel near the starboard midship. OOW raised the alarm and crew mustered. Upon inspection a number of stores were found broken into and ship stores and equipment stolen. Master contacted port control but did not receive any response. Reported (via IMB) 4 Feb.

Indian Ocean - Marshall Islands-flagged chemical tanker, Ping An, reported being approached by 2 skiffs in position 05:03S - 066:07E, approx 445nm W of Maldives (400nm off Diego Garcia) at 0442 UTC. The 2 white skiffs came within 1.2nm of the ship with ladders observed. The OOW informed the Master, who raised the alarm, sent a distress message, and activated anti piracy measures. As the skiffs approached, the onboard armed team fired warning shots which were ignored by the skiffs. As the skiffs continued to approach the vessel at high speed, the armed team again fired warning shots, which resulted in the skiffs moving away. Reported (via ONI/IMB) 6 Feb.

Red Sea - About 6 - 7 pirates each in three skiffs chased a Panama-flagged general cargo ship, MV Fanja with 15 Filipino crew, and approached within 200m with intent to board at 1435 LT in position 12:44.3N - 043:19.1E, Bab El Mandeb, Red Sea. The vessel enforced anti piracy measures and contacted warship on VHF. The skiffs aborted the attack. Reported (via IMB) 6 Feb.

Red Sea - While underway 8 pirates in a skiff chased a Panama-flagged chemical tanker, MV Rabigh Sunrise,(correction) underway and approached her within 0.05nm at 1438 LT in position 12.48.7N - 043:17.9E, Bab El Mandeb Straits. Red Sea. The tanker enforced anti piracy measures, made evasive manoeuvres and all non-essential crew mustered in citadel. Pirates aborted the attack and moved away. Reported (via IMB) 6 Feb.
Gulf of Aden - Turkey-flagged offshore tug and supply ship, MT Yasra Dogu 1, was attacked by armed pirates using 8 skiffs whilst she was towing a barge in position 12:32N - 043:40E. The pirates aborted the attack after onboard security made their presence known. Reported (via Somalia Report) 6 Feb.

South China Sea - India-flagged product tanker, Swarna Godavari, was boarded by 3 robbers armed with rods at 0545 LT in position 01:06.20N - 103:28.70E, Karimun STS Anchorage, Indonesia. The Duty crew on rounds sighted the robbers at poop deck and immediately raised the alarm. Seeing the alerted crew, robbers escaped empty handed. The incident was reported to the Port Authorities. Reported (via IMB relayed message to Bakorkamla, Indonesian Navy HQ, Indonesian Marine Police HQ) 7 Feb.

Indian Ocean - Panama-flagged chemical tanker, Saturn Glory, reported being approached 240nm east of the Seychelles in position 04:18S - 059:59E around 0745 UTC. Five armed people on board a white skiff with blue stripes. The vessel is SAFE. Reported (via NSC) 8 Feb.
West Africa - Four robbers armed with long knives boarded Liberia-flagged offshore tug, Hellespont Drive, at berth in Takoradi Port, Ghana. Robbers stole ship's stores. Robbers threatened duty watchmen with long knives and escaped in a canoe. All crew safe and no casualties.

South China Sea - Robbers boarded an anchored General Cargo Ship at 0400 LT: 07:06.5S - 112:39.8E, Gresik Port Inner Anchorage, Indonesia. Robbers stole ship stores and escaped unnoticed. Incident was reported to the local authorities. Reported (via IMB) 10 Feb.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity

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List of Vessels Attacked - Horn of Africa/IOR Jan 2012

Fri, 10 Feb 2012 20:08:19 UTC

Vessels Attacked in Horn of Africa/indian Region - Jan 2012

Date	Area	Flag/Ship Type	Vessel Name	Position
4 Jan	GoA	Marshall Islands bulk carrier	Delfa	13:10N - 049:12E
4 Jan	GoA	Turkey bulk carrier	Senanur Cebi	12:14.6N - 044:11.8E
4 Jan	GoA	India crude tanker	Jag Lok	12:14N - 044:11E
5 Jan	AS	Bahamas bulk carrier	Sunshine	22:27N - 060:59E
6 Jan	SRS	Singapore supply ship	Geo Natuna	12:35.4N - 043:21.90E
6 Jan	GoA	Malta bulk carrier	Mighty Michalis	12:26N - 043:44.8E
12 Jan	SB	Spanish warship	SPS Patino	01:37N - 046:00E
12 Jan	AS	UK (IoM) gas carrier	Happy Bird	14:51N - 056:35E
12 Jan	IOR	Singapore chemical tanker	Rebecca Schulte	13:19.10N - 074:08.36E
12 Jan	GoA	Japan crude tanker	BM Breeze	24:44N - 058:33E
12 Jan	SRS	Liberia bulk carrier	Harmony	14:56N - 040:28E
14 Jan	GoA	Yemen Dhow (HIJACKED)	Al Wasil	38nm off Mukalla
16 Jan	AS	Italy tanker	Valdarno	15:04N - 058:17E
17 Jan	AS	Netherlands Pipelayer	Flinstone	13:32N - 055:44E
20 Jan	GoO	Liberia tanker	Troitsky Bridge	24:53N - 057:27.40E
22 Jan	GoA	Netherlands general cargo ship	Happy Ranger	12:18N - 043:54E
23 Jan	IOR	Bahamas chemical tanker	Papillon	06:41S - 039:20E
24 Jan	SRS	Liberia bulk carrier	Conti Lapislazuli	13:11N - 043:02.60E
25 Jan	IOR	Antigua & Barbuda general cargo ship	Annette,	Kandla Anchorage
28 Jan	IOR	Antigua & Barbuda general cargo ship	BBC California	04:55N - 058:14E

Legend: GoA - Gulf of Aden; SRS - Southern Red Sea; IOR - Indian Ocean Region; AS - Arabian Sea; GoO - Gulf of Oman

Hijack - 1; Attacks - 18; Robbery -1

Sources: NATO Shipping Centre; IMB Piracy Reporting Centre; EUNAVFOR; Somalia Report.

Graphical representation of hijack and attacks in the Horn of Africa/Indian Ocean region.

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News: MV Free Goddess Hijacked in Arabian Sea

Thu, 09 Feb 2012 12:25:08 UTC

MV Free Goddess Confirmed Hijacked by Pirates

Source: Neptune Maritime Security

Following days of confusion and concern, Greek-owned MV Free Goddess has been confirmed as hijacked by pirates some 520nm Northeast of Socotra Island, Yemen, and is now transiting South towards Somalia.

MV Free Goddess Hijacked (Photo: Neptune Maritime Security)

MV Free Goddess (IMO 9107045), has been successfully hijacked by Somali pirates. According to the report we received, the Liberia-flagged bulk carrier came under attack on Feb 7 in position 16.03N - 062.26E at around 1500 UTC from an unknown number of pirates.

The last known positional data on the Free Goddess is that she has dramatically altered course and her last recorded position was 11.59N - 056.09E at 0533 UTC Feb 9, approximately 110nm south east of Socotra Island.

Trade Winds News stated the loss of the bulker to pirates comes as a heavy blow at a time when hijackings have been falling.

Experts note hijackings have fallen to a rate of one a month since last summer. This compares with the successful capture of seven ships last January alone.

The Free Goddess is one of seven handysizes in the Freeseas fleet, all of which are trading in the battered spot market. The company saw it's market value drop by close to one tenth following news of the hijack.

According to CMF, the vessel is heading towards the Somali coast.

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News: Economic Cost of Somali Piracy Nears $7B

Thu, 09 Feb 2012 09:09:30 UTC

Somali Piracy's Impact on Global Economy Nears $7 Billion

Source: Oceans Beyond Piracy

February 8, 2012 - Oceans Beyond Piracy released a report that raises concerns about the cost of Somali Piracy to the world economy. Approximately 80% of all costs are borne by the shipping industry, while governments account for 20% of the expenditures associated with countering piracy attacks. The report estimates the 2011 economic cost of piracy was between $6.6 and $6.9 billion.

“The report assesses nine different direct cost factors specifically focused on the economic impact of Somali piracy,” explained Anna Bowden, the report’s author, “Over the past year we have had substantial cooperation from maritime stakeholders which has helped to ensure the figures are as reliable as possible.”

The breakdown of the most notable costs includes $2.7 billion in fuel costs associated with increased speeds of vessels transiting through high risk areas, $1.3 billion for military operations, and $1.1 billion for security equipment and armed guards. Additionally, $635 million is attributed to insurance, $486 to $680 million is spent on re-routing vessels along the western coast of India, and $195 million is the estimated cost for increased labor costs and danger pay for seafarers.

The vast majority (99%) of the billions spent are attached to recurring costs associated with the protection of vessels – costs which must be repeated each year. This figure is in sharp contrast to the $38 million spent for prosecution, imprisonment, and building regional and Somali capacity to fight piracy. Average ransoms increased 25% from approximately $4 million in 2010 to $5 million in 2011. Although the total cost for ransoms was $160 million for 2011, money collected by pirates represents a mere 2% of the total economic cost. While ransoms provide the incentive for Somali pirates to attack vessels and hold hostages, they represent a disproportionally small cost compared to the nearly $7 billion spent to thwart these attacks.

“The human cost of piracy cannot be defined in economic terms,” Bowden added. “We do note with great concern that there were a significant number of piracy-related deaths, hostages taken, and seafarers subject to traumatic armed attacks in 2011. This happened in spite of the success of armed guards and military action in the later part of the year.”

Officially launched at a press conference held at the Royal United Services Institute for Defence & Security Studies (RUSI) in Whitehall, London, the paper was presented to maritime experts and international press. The report will be used to raise important issues for the Oceans Beyond Piracy Working Group, which is expected to release recommendations for a better coordinated, and longer-looking strategy against piracy in July 2012.

Download the full report here: Economic Cost of Somali Piracy 2011 - Full Report

Download a 2 page summary here: Economic Cost of Somali Piracy 2011 - Summary

Download the press release here: Economic Cost of Somali Piracy 2011 - Press Release

For more information about The Economic Cost of Somali Piracy 2011, contact Anna Bowden at +1.303.709.5498 or by email at abowden@oneearthfuture.org. The publication of the report was made possible through the support of the One Earth Future Foundation, sponsor of the Oceans Beyond Piracy Project, which sponsors project initiatives in London and India.

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Weekly Piracy Report

Sun, 05 Feb 2012 16:07:49 UTC

A brief hiatus. Poor weather deterrent as minimal attacks occur. Motherships prepared. UK involvement in Somalia increases, including a new Ambassador, as conference nears. Seychelles shoulders the burden, again as campaign seeks greater prosecutions. Iran thwarts Gulf of Aden attack. Nigeria spends heavily on maritime security. Private security united front; Philippines allows armed guards. Russia, NATO & EU Navy exercise together; GCC countries cooperate, as India, China & Japan do the same. Threat to global supply chain discussed. Military operations on foreign soil questioned.

Hiatus. The dramatic month of January ends quietly as the poor weather conditions deter pirate activity at sea. Undoubtedly, the pirate gangs are regrouping and considering how to restock the supply of ships, whilst keeping out of range of any rescue operations by CP forces.

The two dhows hijacked in January, which were not widely reported, have now been classified as motherships ready to commence operations. However, a fishing vessel used as a mothership has been reported to have sunk.

The recent uncertainty over the prosecution of suspect pirates detained by UK and Danish naval forces has received some clarity. The Seychelles, despite the crowded prison and courts, has taken 14 suspects from the Royal Navy, but only four of the 25 held by the Danish warship. This situation highlights the ongoing problem of providing appropriate judiciary in the region. The call for a new international system to make it easier to bring pirates to justice is made by the UAE, and at a conference an IMO official said, "There is no international law against conspiracy to conduct acts of piracy … if they're not caught in the act, then it's actually very difficult to prosecute." The UK may put on trial and jail Somali pirates in the UK if its citizens are attacked at sea, but the government's priority is to help Somalia boost its inadequate prison capacity, as discussed in Parliament this week. The Save Our Seafarer campaign argues that continuing over-reliance on regional prosecution is putting massive pressure on the judicial systems in Somalia's neighbouring countries, already overburdened with piracy cases.

The UK, in the lead up to the London Conference on Somalia, continues to be at the forefront of efforts to improve international co-operation and commitment, including the appointment of its first ambassador to Somalia for 21 years. Russian, NATO and EU naval vessels have been involved in coordinated exercises in the region. India, China and Japan have also started to co-operate. Meanwhile, the GCC countries are combining efforts to protect their territorial waters and sea lines of communication.

An Iranian warship has been reported to have thwarted an attack on an oil tanker Southeast of the Gulf of Aden. In spite of the multi-national co-operation in the region, reporting of pirate incidents from the Iranian forces remains a glaring omission.

Nigeria last year spent about N2.6 billion, around $16 million, to provide security for the waterways of Cotonou, the Benin Republic capital, stating it is a development that has so far checkmated the activities of pirates around the area.

SAMI begins its accreditation programme to provide a unified front for the Private Maritime Security industry whilst the Philippines has given Manila-flagged merchant vessels the go-ahead to deploy private security groups to minimize the risk Filipino seafarers face from Somali pirates in the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean.

The World Economic Forum (WEF) annual meeting in Davos, Switzerland, raised the issue of supply chain risk through piracy. It was claimed that international law needs to be updated to decide jurisdictions and military responsibility, among other issues.

The recent rescue of aid workers held hostage by 'land-pirates' continues to stimulate debate. Can you commit piracy on dry land? Not as it's defined in international law it is said.

Regional Activity

East Africa

Somalia Report says that pirate sources report the hijacked fishing vessel, Aride, taken in October 2011, was sunk by monsoon waves. The engine has been removed with the intention to use it in another vessel. The two crew members are being held on land with a ransom demand of $4.7 million being demanded.

An attempt by the Somali pirates to hijack an oil tanker was thwarted after the Iranian Navy fleet deployed in the Gulf of Aden thwarted the attack with timely action, reports FARS News.

Iranian Naval Forces (Photo: FARS News)

"An oil tanker was attacked by pirates 35 miles Southeast of the Gulf of Aden," Lieutenant Commander of the Iranian Navy Rear Admiral Seyed Mahmoud Moussavi said on Tuesday.
After the Iranian Navy forces entered the scene, the unknown boats fled the area and the oil tanker was saved unharmed, he added.
The Iranian Navy dispatched its 18th flotilla of warships to the Gulf of Aden on January 21 to protect the country's cargo ships and oil tankers against Somali pirates.
The Iranian Navy has been conducting anti-piracy patrols in the Gulf of Aden since November 2008, when Somali raiders hijacked the Iranian-chartered cargo ship, MV Delight, off the coast of Yemen.
According to UN Security Council resolutions, different countries can send their warships to the Gulf of Aden and coastal waters of Somalia against the pirates and even with prior notice to Somali government enter the territorial waters of that country in pursuit of Somali sea pirates.
The Gulf of Aden - which links the Indian Ocean with the Suez Canal and the Mediterranean Sea - is an important energy corridor, particularly because Persian Gulf oil is shipped to the West through the Suez Canal.

William Hague has hailed a historic opportunity to end piracy and terrorism in Somalia after a landmark visit to the war-torn nation, writes the Telegraph.

UK Foreign Secretary, William Hague

"I came away confident that there is an opportunity for the world to help Somalis achieve the better future they deserve," said Mr Hague, the first British foreign secretary to visit the anarchic nation for two decades.

"Recent political and security gains in Somalia mean there is a historic opportunity to turn a corner in the country and to lay the foundations for greater stability in the long-term," he said.

Britain considers Somalia a direct threat to its security. There are fears that British nationals have joined the al Qaeda-linked Shabaab insurgents who are fighting to topple the weak Western-backed government in Mogadishu.

Pirates in central and northern Somalia have also kidnapped Britons, holding them and other foreigners hostage for ransom.

"We need more effective action to disrupt the terrorism and piracy which are such a serious threat to international security and the lives of people, including British nationals," Mr Hague said. Read more.

Brits were warned millions of pounds must be pumped into strife-torn Somalia to avert catastrophe, says The Sun.
The grim alternative to the highly controversial aid could be to send troops into a new war costing BILLIONS.

Development Secretary Andrew Mitchell delivered the stark warning — as he revealed plans for a small team of UK military planners to work in the country's capital Mogadishu.

Their mission to help African peacekeepers will not involve combat. It comes as Somalia is expected to replace Afghanistan as Britain's top overseas priority once operations against the Taliban end in 2015.

Mr Mitchell — talking to The Sun on a peril-packed trip to the nation's bandit country — explained why the Coalition's bitterly contested hike in aid spending is vital.

He said: "Somalia is on the same curve as Afghanistan was. There are more British passport holders engaged in terrorist training in Somalia than in any other country in the world.

"If we ignore Somalia then it will continue on its spiral, destabilising the region and exporting terrorism, piracy, drugs, people and disease." He added: "It is a quarter of the cost to deal with these problems now rather than to send in the troops."

West Africa

Nigeria last year spent about N2.6 billion to provide security for the waterways of Cotonou, the Benin Republic capital, a development that has so far checkmated the activities of pirates around the area, reports Vanuguard Nigeria.

Disclosing this to Vanguard recently in Lagos, Special Adviser to President Goodluck Jonathan on Maritime affairs, Mr. Leke Oyewole, said that the Nigerian government had to ensure that the waterways of Benin Republic are secured because of the understanding between both countries.

Oyewole noted that since the issue was decisively dealt with in that region, there has been some relative peace in that axis. The amount, according to Oyewole, was spent within the first six months of the operation of the project

the maritime expert stated that Nigeria is doing this in line with the bilateral agreement between both countries.
He stated that the move by Nigeria to assist a neighbouring country has gotten her commendations from the Economic Community of the West African States (ECOWAS) and the International Maritime Organisation (IMO).

He further disclosed that at a point the President of Benin Republic Mr. Yayi Boni came to President Jonathan to solicit for help on the menace of pirates of Cotonou waters. “Immediately after the complained, the Nigerian President swung into and sent men and materials to the country to quell the menace of pirates in that country.

According the Special Adviser, the Nigerian Navy is currently providing security for off shore operations of the Republic of Benin adding that Nigeria as a country is looking for a way of involving other countries in the West African coast and form a regional body for the purpose of security and safety on the entire West African coastline.

He also disclosed that several meetings have been held to work out the possibility and modality and that a platform to create this regional collaboration is in the making. “Already, the European Union, the United Nations and France are very interested in what Nigeria has done in Cotonou and they have shown a lot of interest”.

Pirates in Court

A group of pirates caught by a Royal Navy operation in the Indian Ocean will face justice in the Seychelles - Royal Navy.

Pirates Facing Justice in Syechelles (Phot: RN)

RFA Fort Victoria – part of NATO’s counter piracy task force Operation Ocean Shield – has handed over 14 suspects to the islands’ authorities for prosecution.

The fourteen Somalis were captured on January 13 by Royal Navy and Royal Marines personnel embarked on RFA Fort Victoria.

The suspected pirates, who were known to have been operating in the Indian Ocean, were intercepted on board a hijacked Yemeni fishing dhow.

They were found to have a variety of pirate paraphernalia and weapons on board, including rocket-propelled grenades and hand-grenades.

This is the culmination of four months of operations for the UK Counter-Piracy Task Group based on Fort Victoria and under the command of Captain Gerry Northwood.

“This has been a long four months of intensive counter-piracy operations during which time we have captured more than 30 pirates for prosecution and rescued 44 merchant mariners from the hands of the pirates.

“This success has been echoed by other NATO units engaged in counter-piracy operations and the handover of these 14 suspected pirates to the Seychelles authorities will contribute to ensuring the waters of the Indian Ocean become a safer place for all mariners.”

Foreign Secretary William Hague said: “We are very grateful to the Seychelles for their agreement to prosecute these suspected pirates. Their commitment to the fight against piracy has helped avoid a situation where these individuals were not held to account for their actions.

“In a few weeks time the London Conference on Somalia will discuss how the international community can tackle the many problems faced by Somalia, including piracy.

"Today’s agreement on the transfer of alleged pirates demonstrates what can be achieved through international co-operation and commitment.”

Danish ship HDMS Absalon, another NATO ship conducting counter piracy operations in the Indian ocean was also in the Seychelles, handing over four suspected pirates to the Seychelles authorities.

A legal fog over who should prosecute pirates is leading to offenders being disarmed and set free, a maritime security conference has heard, says The National.

Countries are detaining an increasing number of pirates but confusion arises over which nation's laws, if any, apply, experts said at the three-day Maritime Security and Surveillance conference, which began yesterday at the Armed Forces Officers Club.

Chris Trelawny of IMO (Photo: The National)

Fifteen pirates captured by the US at the start of this month have yet to find a country whose courts will conduct their trial.

And about 100 pirates captured by India over the past year face indefinite detention until a law is created under which to prosecute them.

The Indian government last year ordered its navy to stop capturing pirates, and instead to confiscate their weapons and let them go.

Other naval forces conducting counter-piracy patrols in high-risk areas, including the Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea and parts of the Indian Ocean, also follow this practice of "capture and release".

Often they have not caught the pirates in the act and so do not have sufficient grounds to detain them.

"There is no international law against conspiracy to conduct acts of piracy … if they're not caught in the act, then it's actually very difficult to prosecute," said Chris Trelawny, the deputy director of the maritime safety division of the International Maritime Organization, which has about 160 member states.

"So a lot of pirates, their equipment is being taken off them and they are being sent back to Somalia. It's not particularly satisfactory but it's a pragmatic reality."

In other situations, the many nationalities represented on a ship - the flag state to which the ship belongs, and the nationalities of the shipowner and cargo owner - make it difficult to work out whose laws should be followed.

Navies also tend to refrain from action if they cannot guarantee the safety of the crew being held. India halted its aggressive tack towards pirates last year after they began punishing Indian hostages in retaliation.

Last April, seven of 15 Indian seafarers on the UAE-owned MV Asphalt Venture were held in Somalia even after the ship was released, in response to the Indian navy's arrest of pirates. It marked the first time hostages had been held back after a ransom had been paid.

"They harmed them because they were Indian," said Commodore Ranjit Rai, the former director of operations for the Indian navy and the vice president of the Indian Maritime Foundation, which assists relatives of kidnapped seafarers.

The Maritime Security and Surveillance Conference was organised with the support of the Higher Committee for UAE Civil Seaports and Airports Security.

Conference delegates from the UAE, United Kingdom, United States, India and GCC countries convened to discuss ways to maximise coastal security, combat piracy and other crimes at sea, and improve port security.

Seychelles accept is to take some of the pirates off the hands off Absalon, that took them prisoner on January 7, comments Danish Maritime Magazine.

Seychelles has accepted four of a total of 25 pirates who have been in captivity on the Danish warship Absalon.

"We continue efforts to assign the remaining 21 suspected pirates on board Absalon, to other countries in the region aiming for prosecution," said Foreign Minister Sovndal (SF) in a written statement.

According to a headline in the UK newspaper, The Sun, prisoners grasp the bars of a hell-hole jail cell — a stark warning of the fate that awaits Somalia's notorious pirates.

The strife-torn East African country is finally winning the battle against the seaborne hijackers who shame its name.

The Sun yesterday saw the grim prison where 17 suspected pirates are among 75 captives jammed into a cell built for four.

Murderers and al Shabaab terrorists also endure 24 hours a day in a sweltering, dark cage with no basic sanitation. Any prisoner rattling the cell's single door has his hands bashed by hosepipe-wielding guards.

The jail in the town of Garowe shows how justice is dealt out in Puntland, a semi-autonomous area of northern Somalia free from fanatical Islamic control. Some of the £69million annual British aid to Somalia goes on combating the pirates. But Puntland's planning minister Abdulkadir Abki Hashi defended the harsh prison regime.

He said: "What's the alternative? You want us to release them? We don't have the money to incarcerate them in space that is conducive for the human rights ideal, so we do what we must to stop them hijacking more ships. "Piracy is a crime, we take it very seriously. It is very embarrassing for us to have pirates so we are determined to catch them."

British aid to Puntland has paid for the training of detectives, lawyers and judges to deal with the pirate scourge.

There are now 35 legal officials in Garowe — up from just seven a year ago. And some of the cash will go to a bigger prison with better conditions. About 1,000 Somali pirates are now in jails in 20 countries around the Horn of Africa. Ten ships and 247 hostages are still being held for ransom — down from 26 ships a year ago.

Warships from around the globe have joined the Royal Navy in patrolling the waters off Somalia's 1,000 miles of coastline. But the success against piracy has seen an alarming increase in the number of Western aid workers, journalists and tourists kidnapped on land.

The UAE assistant minister of security has backed calls for a new international system to make it easier to bring pirates to justice - The National.

Faris Al Mazrouei, the assistant minister for security and military affairs at the ministry of foreign affairs, said at today's meeting of a six-nation Contact Group that he hoped a programme could be agreed on, to help Somalia improve its justice system.

He told the meeting of senior security officials from Italy, the US, Denmark, UK, Egypt, and Netherlands that "as a maritime nation, the UAE is united in its concern at the threat of piracy off the coast of Somalia".

Representatives are expected to present and discuss recent developments in their anti-piracy efforts.

Mr Al Mazrouei said the UAE's priorities were in the fields of public awareness and outreach, increasing "compassionate" support to Somalia, enhancing the region's capacity to respond to piracy, and highlighting the role of education in countering piracy. "We want to spread understanding of the issue and the challenges of responding," he said. "So we can all work together towards solving this problem."

The Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (CGPCS) was created in New York two years ago following a UN Security Council resolution.

An extract of House of Commons questions on International Development concerning, amongst others, Somalia:

Mr Gregory Campbell (East Londonderry) (DUP): In recent years, there have been problems off the Somali coast for travellers, although progress has been made in recent months on that issue. Will the Secretary of State assure the House that liaison will continue internationally to ensure that people can travel across that part of Africa in safety?

Mr Mitchell: One of the problems is that of piracy. In Puntland, I was able to see the importance of tackling piracy by arresting pirates and putting them through the judicial system, as well as the other measures that, given some stability, the international community would be able to use to tackle the problem directly. We hope that this subject will also be addressed at the London conference - UK PArliament.

The anti-piracy patrol off Somalia has captured and prosecuted about 800 pirates so far. But more than five times that number have been captured and released. More prisons are being built in Somaliland and Puntland, but these must be paid for and supervised by Western nations if they are to be effective. The key problem is that most nations contributing ships to the anti-piracy patrol are not willing to prosecute and imprison Somali pirates. This led to the "catch and release" method used by most European navies, mainly because the legal systems back home make it difficult for the pirates to be prosecuted, and easy for the pirates to claim asylum if brought back - Strategy Page.

Kenya is being paid, by Western nations, to try and jail Somali pirates, but always wants more money. It's a shakedown, as Kenya is getting a lot of money for this, and much of it is being stolen by Kenyan politicians. Corruption is rampant in the region, with Somalia considered the most corrupt nation on the planet, with Kenya catching up fast.

The Seychelles (a small island nation in the Indian Ocean) is also prosecuting and jailing some Somali pirates, but is far smaller than Kenya (which has about 200 pirates among the 53,000 convicts in its prisons and jails). So most of the pirates arrested are simply disarmed and let go. This happens because Western nations, because of their vague laws on piracy, cannot prosecute them, and Kenya and Seychelles has limited capacity to do so. Somaliland and Puntland will also prosecute, if expenses are covered by Western nations. But because there are not enough jail cells available in Somaliland and Puntland, few prosecutions are possible. More prisons are being built, but this takes time. About half the imprisoned pirates are in Somaliland and Puntland.

Thus the judicial system is not providing much of deterrent to would-be pirates, and getting captured means, in most cases, losing your weapons and being taken back to Somalia and left on a beach.

Group launches campaign to try captured Somali Pirates in the West - International anti-Somali piracy campaign SOS SaveOurSeafarers has started a campaign urging Western governments to consider trying suspected Somali Pirates in their own countries, to ensure that they face prosecution and ultimately conviction rather than simply being released - Afrique en ligne.

The SOS campaign argues that continuing over-reliance on regional prosecution is putting massive pressure on the judicial systems in Somalia's neighbouring countries, already overburdened with piracy cases.

The organization said in a statement obtained by PANA here that not enough countries, especially those with interests in shipping, are looking to actively contribute to the fight to counter Somali piracy, although the last few months have seen more determined naval action against Somali pirates by those countries participating in the naval presence in the region, which the shipping industry applauds.

Recent successful naval action in the Indian Ocean has resulted in 46 suspected Somali pirates being captured.

Some have gone to Spain for trial, others will go to a reluctant Seychelles, but the majority are still awaiting the decision to prosecute or release. Read more.

Private Security

The Security Association for the Maritime Industry (SAMI) today launched its eagerly awaited International Accreditation Programme for Private Maritime Security Companies (PMSCs) - Shiptalk.

The SAMI Accreditation Programme will see maritime security providers, within the Association’s membership undergo a 3-stage process of due diligence, systems checks and site visits. The programme will be managed by SAMI, with accreditations performed by an independent third party certification body, the National Security Inspectorate (NSI).

Work on developing the standards and accreditation programme has been ongoing for the past eight months. Further developing the guidelines laid down by industry and the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the programme will assess the capabilities, experience, corporate standing and resources of PMSCs.

According to SAMI founder, Peter Cook, “It has been no mean feat to forge a united front from an industry which has always followed its own path. We are pleased and proud to announce the launch of what we believe to be a rigorous and significant means of assessing global maritime security providers”.

The question whether to use private maritime security companies against pirates has opened a rift between the German government and owners’ association VDR, which has threatened to register ships outside the country unless there is swift legal change - Intermanager .

“Over the next two weeks, we should see a detailed proposal on how to change the trade law,” VDR general secretary Ralf Nagel told a German paper. “Otherwise, German owners have no option but to fly a different flag when sailing through pirate-infested waters.”

Maritime co-ordinator Hans-Joachim Otto said a draft bill would be presented over the next few weeks, but was vague about the law-making process.

“The federal government is entering uncharted waters with this. Such a complex undertaking needs careful preparation,” he said.

Having initially opposed private armed forces and hoping to deploy sovereign forces to protect their vessels, owners made a U-turn last year when it became obvious that state support would not be forthcoming.

Since then, owners have been pressing for urgent amendments to laws governing the use of private companies, in line with international regulations. In particular, they want to clarify how security firms will be certified for service on board. But the process has already taken much longer than expected.

Mr Otto hit back at the owners, pointing out that most of their ships already fly foreign flags. “Given that most pirate attacks take place against German ships under foreign flags, Mr Nagel’s comment on the necessity to flag out is completely baffling,” he said.

The German flag has seen an exodus over recent years, due to the poor financial state of many shipping companies. However, the EU is pressing for an increase in domestic or EU-flagged vessels in return for the tonnage tax regime to be maintained.

This development raises further question over Mr Nagel’s remarks.

A recent report on sea piracy was greeted with nearly unanimous acclaim, with headlines proclaiming that commercial cargo ships had faced fewer attacks in 2011 than in the previous year. It was the first decline in five years, the International Maritime Bureau said in its annual survey, according to the NY Times Blog.

So, are the high seas safer?

Not necessarily, according to shipping industry experts who said that assessing the state of piracy is a fluid and complicated task. Indeed, insurance claims from pirate attacks have gone up, the analysts said, and in some areas crews are now facing a more violent type of pirate.

“You can never say one way or another whether it is safer,” said Neil Roberts, a London-based marine insurance underwriting specialist for Lloyd’s Market Association. “There’s always some areas that are going up in the attacks they face, while others are going down.”

The maritime bureau said the total number of attacks in 2011 fell to 439, just six fewer than the previous year. (The figures include both attempted and actual robberies and hijackings.) The number of crew members taken hostage also fell last year.

Some anti-piracy measures clearly are working. International naval patrols have intensified, effectively creating safety corridors in areas such as the Gulf of Aden. The patrols are forcing many pirates to increasingly turn to kidnappings on land, as my colleagues Jeffrey Gettleman, Eric Schmitt and Thom Shanker noted in their report on last week’s rescue of an American woman and a Danish man who were being held hostage by Somali pirates.

New changes aboard commercial ships also could help deter pirates. Many vessels are moving to create “citadels,” or safe rooms, said Arthur Bowring, managing director of the Hong Kong Shipowners Association. These chambers, walled off from invaders, allow the crew to maintain control of the ship’s communication and navigation.

Employing armed security teams aboard ships — a move long resisted by shipping companies due to liability concerns — also has been growing in acceptance, Mr. Bowring said.

Still, most experts are not yet ready to say a corner has been turned. Andrew Brooker, director at FP Marine Risks, a Hong Kong-based marine insurance firm, said piracy issues still occupy half his time. Read more.

The Philippines has given Manila-flagged merchant vessels the go-ahead to deploy private security groups to minimize the risk Filipino seafarers face from Somali pirates in the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, according to the Department of Foreign Affairs.

The move, however, is “subject to Philippine shipping companies” adherence to strict guidelines promulgated by the Maritime Industry Authority and the International Maritime Organization,” the DFA said Monday.

“In their participation at meetings to combat piracy in the IMO, the United Nations and other fora, Philippine government officials have been advocating the importance of promoting the safety of Filipino seamen. This advocacy is being supported by other governments,” it also said.

A total of 26 Filipino seamen on board three foreign-flagged vessels are still being held by pirates in east Africa.

“The longest one in detention is a crew member of the MV Iceberg 1, which was hijacked by pirates on Jan. 29, 2010 off the Port of Aden in Yemen,” the DFA disclosed.

Between 2006 and 2011, a total of 769 sailors from the Philippines were seized by pirates operating in the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean. It is believed that all but the 26 were released unharmed and upon payment by their principals of ransom.

Earlier this month, the DFA said the government had come up with a plan to protect Filipino sailors from Somali pirates.

The plan calls for, among other measures, the adoption of what the merchant shipping industry refers to as “best management practices,” DFA spokesperson Raul Hernandez had said.

These practices–or ship protection measures–include watch and lookout arrangements, installing anti-piracy alarms and razor wire around the vessels, using water cannons that blast steam and hot water as deterrents, and wearing night vision optics.

The government is “also making arrangements with ships’ foreign principals and local manning agencies to travel along a safe corridor” in shipping routes, Hernandez told the Global Nation Inquirer.

The Philippines is a member of the 70-nation Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia, which also includes the United States, China, Japan, Russia, and the United Kingdom, among other countries.

The group has “facilitated the operational coordination of an unprecedented international naval effort from more than 30 countries working together to protect transiting vessels; worked to build the capacity of Somalia and other countries in east Africa to combat piracy; and launched a new working group aimed at disrupting the pirate enterprise ashore, including its financial network through approaches similar to those used to address other types of organized transnational crime networks,” said a US State Department report posted on the website of the US Embassy in Manila. Read more.

International Response

Britain appointed its first ambassador to Somalia for 21 years on Thursday during a visit to the capital of the anarchic Horn of Africa nation by Foreign Secretary William Hague - Telegraph.

UK Foreign Secretary, William Hague in Mogadishu (Telegraph)

It was the first visit to Mogadishu by a British foreign minister since 1992 and comes ahead of a conference in London this month to discuss measures to tackle instability in Somalia and piracy off its shores.

Britain's new envoy to Somalia, Matt Baugh, will remain based in Kenya's capital Nairobi until security conditions permit the opening of an embassy in Mogadishu.

Somalia descended into chaos after dictator Mohamed Siad Barre was ousted in 1991 and a Western-backed transition government has been battling local al Qaeda-linked insurgents al-Shabaab for the past five years.

At the moment, there are six diplomatic missions in Mogadishu, representing Djibouti, Ethiopia, Libya, Sudan, Turkey and Yemen. The UN's special envoy to Somalia also moved to Mogadishu last month.

An African Union force (AMISOM) in Mogadishu has helped drive al-Shabaab out of the capital, but much of the south of remains in the hands of the rebels. Kenya and Ethiopia have both sent forces into Somalia to battle al-Shabaab.

Hague's visit came as Kenyan and Somali troops seized two towns in southern Somalia from al-Shabaab in a bid to consolidate control of border areas, a Kenyan military spokesman said, ahead of an eventual push on rebel strongholds. Read more.

It was interesting to note William Hague using his social media presence to raise the profile of his visit and British foreign policy. He states in a 'Tweet' "I'm visiting Kenya & Somalia. Do you have a question for me on British #foreignpolicy in Africa? Use #askFS and I'll answer on Monday". His Twitter name is @WilliamJHague if you wish to follow or ask him a question.

A newly formed team at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) is hoping to give its campaign against piracy a fresh direction by helping the failed state of Somalia to recover - Intermanager.

One of the first moves of secretary-general Koji Sekimizu was to appoint Hartmut Hesse as special representative for maritime security and antipiracy programmes. Working along with Hesse is Maritime Safety Division deputy director Chris Trelawny.

Hesse’s newly created role was made to take forward the work of last year’s successful IMO campaign “Piracy, Orchestrating the Response”, which was the brainchild of former secretary-general Efthimios Mitropoulos.

Hesse said: “The secretary-general took the step because if we are to continue the [antipiracy] exercise the country [Somalia] primarily needs more resources and his main idea is to add another layer to the high-level work we have been doing within the United Nations system.”

Hesse points out that last year much of the IMO’s work was directed toward defending ships at sea through such initiatives as establishing guidelines on security guards and self-defence measures and working with the navy. But he admited: “We are coming to the point where we cannot do much more at sea.” Instead the IMO is more focussed on developing land capabilities to counter piracy.

A key vehicle for developing the IMO’s initiative rests with the Djibouti Code of Conduct, an agreement between West African and Red Sea states on stopping piracy.

The IMO has helped develop coastguard capabilities and has worked with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) on developing a judicial and penal system for Somalia’s neighbouring states to prosecute pirates. The next move is to make similar efforts in Somalia itself.

Hesse said: “We now realise much more needs to be implemented and we want to put the focus on Somalia.”

The Russian navy has held joint exercises with NATO and EU warships in the Gulf of Aden, states Voice of Russia.

Admiral Tributs (Phot: Ria Novosti)

The drills featured the Admiral Tributs anti-submarine destroyer of the Russian Pacific Fleet, which has been ensuring security of merchant vessels off the Somalia coast, as well as Turkish frigate TCG Giresun, Spain’s SPS Patino and USS Halsey.

Russian and NATO navy officials had a meeting to discuss cooperation as part of an anti-piracy campaign in the Gulf of Aden.

A senior official in the UK Government visited Puntland State, marking the first time a British minister has visited the stable state in northern Somalia, Radio Garowe reports, according to Garowe Online.

UK Development Minister Andrew Mitchell and his delegation arrived Monday morning at the airport in Garowe, capital of Puntland State. Minister Mitchell was received at the airport by Puntland officials, including Finance Minister Farah Ali Jama, Education Minister Abdi Farah Juha, Environment Minister Abdigani Yusuf Elmi, and State Minister for International Cooperation Abdulkadir Abdi Hashi.

UK Minister Andrew Mitchell (Phot: Garowe Online)

The UK Minister's delegation was ushered to the State House in Garowe, where he held a closed-door meeting with Puntland Vice President and Acting President, Gen. Abdisamad Ali Shire. Puntland's leader, Dr. Abdirahman Mohamed Farole, is currently on a visit overseas in the United Arab Emirates.

Vice President Shire and Minister Mitchell held a joint press conference at the State House, before the UK Development Minister conducted a tour of key areas in Garowe.

"We discussed a range of issues, including UK support to Puntland, national security and anti-piracy efforts, and the upcoming London conference," said Puntland's Vice President at the press conference.

Minister Mitchell said he was happy to be the "first British Minister to visit Puntland ever," adding: "I had an excellent meeting with the Vice President. We discussed how to tackle piracy, the importance of the Roadmap, and the upcoming London Conference."

The Minister stated that he traveled to Puntland to assess the situation on the ground and how UK aid is affecting livelihoods in Puntland. Read more.

Amid China's increased foray into the picturesque Indian Ocean archipelago nation, Seychelles has assured India that it remains its key developmental partner and sought to to intensify bilateral anti-piracy cooperation, reports Times of India.

Prime Minister Manmohan Singh held talks Thursday with Seychelles President James Alex Michel, who is here for the Delhi Sustainable Development Summit, that focused on security issues, piracy and ways to expand developmental cooperation between the two countries.
"Both leaders reaffirmed their close and abiding relationship and India was acknowledged as the main development partner for the Seychelles," the external affairs ministry said here Thursday.

"The two leaders also discussed issues relating to piracy and its consequent impact on security, tourism and fisheries," the ministry said.
Michel expressed his gratitude for India's support for Seychelles development and in the fight against piracy.

"Both sides agreed to continue their close cooperation and keep abreast of new developments in the region," said the ministry.
Michel is understood to have briefed Manmohan Singh about new developments, including the context in which Seychelles last year offered China its harbour for use to refuel and stocking of Chinese warships stationed in the Gulf of Aden for anti-piracy operations.

This set the alarm bells ringing in New Delhi, but Beijing later clarified that it will not be a military base, but just a refuelling and supply facility.
Defence cooperation between India and Seychelles, the strategically-located island state, has been growing.

Last year, the Indian Navy deployed a Dornier maritime surveillance aircraft in the Seychelles for conducting anti-piracy operations in the Indian Ocean Region. The aircraft, stationed at Seychelles' capital Victoria, would be operated by a Indian Navy crew on anti-piracy patrol duties in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

Seychelles was one of the nations that joined the ambitious Pan African e-Network Project in its first phase, inaugurated in February 2009. The project seeks to bridge the digital divide in the 54-nation continent and bring tele-medicine and tele-education to Africans.

Faced with persistent threats from pirates operating off the coast of Somalia, uneasy neighbours India and China have started cooperating with each other, roping in Japan to tackle piracy - Tribune India.

This is the first working relationship on the high seas between the Indian Navy and China’s People Liberation Army (Navy). The two armies have so far worked under an agreement to patrol land borders and also follow a protocol when faced with each other on the disputed Line of Actual Control. “The Naval arrangement started a month ago and has provided more safety and better utilisation of resources. It is a working-level meeting (on the high seas) to ensure effective communication and operations,” said Rear Admiral Monty Khanna, Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (foreign cooperation and intelligence).

Warships from India, China and Japan have been deployed independently. Their role is conducting independent anti-piracy patrols in the internationally recognised transit corridor — a 480 nautical mile (approx 890 km) long area in the Gulf of Aden. The 92-km wide corridor starts at the confluence of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden and extends eastwards towards the Arabian Sea.

The three have so far not been part of the Combined Task Force-151, essentially a NATO-led force for anti-piracy, and nor are they part of the Eunavfor, another grouping of European countries along similar lines. Merchant ship operators have been keen that nations like India, China and Japan that are not part of the big groupings and operate independently, should cooperate among themselves as their standalone warships would then be of greater help in tackling piracy.

India has a warship on duty in the transit corridor since October 2008. China has two warships and a fleet tanker that replenishes supplies while the Japanese also have two warships along with a maritime reconnaissance plane based in Djibouti, close to Somalia.

In a demonstration of its growing military power, China is increasingly willing to deploy its armed forces to protect Chinese nationals abroad, but analysts say it still lacks the capacity to mount a complex hostage rescue - Reuters.

A crisis in Sudan where 29 Chinese workers are being held captive has renewed pressure on Beijing to provide security for more than 800,000 citizens employed overseas, particularly in resource rich but unstable nations where China has become a major investor.

Expectations that China could intervene in a distant crisis were raised last year when the People's Liberation Army won domestic acclaim for its role in the rescue of almost 36,000 workers from Libya in the midst of that country's civil war.

After more than two decades of double-digit increases in defense spending, this was widely seen as evidence of the PLA's growing capacity to conduct complex, maritime operations far from home.

Beijing's move in December to deploy armed border police on joint patrols of the Mekong River following the murder of 13 Chinese nationals in an attack on cargo shipping was also seen as part of this trend.

However, the Chinese military would be unwilling to attempt the kind of daring rescue that U.S. Navy Seals mounted last month in freeing an American aid worker and a Danish colleague from Somali gunmen, according to experts on the Chinese military.

"China does not have the intelligence network, it does not have the political will and it does not have the military capability to conduct operations of that kind of audacity," says Gary Li, a London-based intelligence and military analyst with Exclusive Analysis, a business intelligence agency.

Maritime security in the Gulf region has become a concern today more than ever before which is why the GCC countries are combining efforts to protect their territorial waters and sea lines of communication - Gulf News.

"Now the threat is coming from the maritime sector," said Lieutenant Commander Mubarak A. Al Sabah, Chief of Maritime Operations at the Kuwait Coast Guard, to Gulf News in an interview yesterday.

"We are trying our best to secure the Arabian Gulf from terrorist activity, drug trafficking and piracy."
Recently, Iran announced that it would block the Strait of Hormuz, which connects the Arabian Gulf with the Arabian Sea if sanctions are imposed on its oil exports. The European Union announced in January that it would ban oil imports from Iran starting from July 1 to put pressure on Iran over its nuclear programme.

There is a plan in the works to establish a central computer-based program for a comprehensive overlapping surveillance system to share information among the maritime operating centres of the GCC, Al Sabah said.

Nicholas Davis, chief executive officer of Maritime Guard Group, said that the only solution to facing maritime security issues is by improving the intelligence picture.

Piracy has been one threat which has been given a lot of media attention with the rise of Somalian pirates.

Nicholas Davis, Chief Executive Officer of Maritime Guard Group said that the piracy problem is not that difficult to solve. "This is a financial problem. This is not a terrorism or an ideology involved. This is very much a case of easy cash," he said.

"They don't like people coming in stealing their fish and dumping waste. They have no ability to police it," he said. Somalia has a 200 nautical miles sea limit, or exclusive economic zone.

He said the UAE has the potential to take the lead by engaging in a conversation with the Somalis to solve the problem. Read more.

All UAE interests are united in their concern over the threat from piracy off the coast of Somalia, a senior official said Wednesday, in the Gulf News.
“By bringing together all UAE stakeholders on piracy here today, we want to spread understanding of the issue and the challenges of responding, so we can all work together toward solving this problem,” General Faris Al Mazrouai, assistant Foreign Minister for Security and Military Affairs, told a meeting of the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia Wednesday.

The meeting was designed to give an opportunity for Working Group chairs from the US, UK, Italy, Denmark and the Netherlands to express their priorities for the UAE’s Chairmanship, and talk about what they want to achieve at the Plenary Session in New York, on March29.
The UAE has outlined four priorities for its chairmanship namely public awareness and outreach, increasing compassionate support for Somalia, enhancing regional capacity to respond to piracy, and highlighting the role of education in countering piracy.

General Al Mazrouai said the UAE especially hoped to see, during the 11th Chairmanship, the completion of outstanding projects including supporting a better justice system in Somalia – through training and capacity building – to allow trial of suspected pirates, bringing in the private sector more effectively to discussing of the problem and advancing the outreach agenda of the Contact Group, in support of the crucial work of Working Group 4 on public information.

“The UAE has developed a comprehensive response to piracy over the past three years, and continues to view piracy off the coast of Somalia as a top priority issue," he said. Read more.

Piracy Costs

At the World Economic Forum (WEF) annual meeting in Davos, Switzerland, the issue of supply chain risk took a high profile, with senior government figures and industry leaders seeking to develop ways in which economic damage caused by disrupted supply chains could be mitigated - IFW-Net.com.

As part of the initiative, a new report was launched at the event – New Models for Addressing Supply Chain and Transport Risks – that highlighted the urgent need to review risk management practices.

According to the WEF, governments and companies need to become more resilient in the face of emerging and complex risks.

The largest risk is from the unknown. Major disruptions in the past five years – including the global financial crisis, Yemen parcel bomb scare, flooding in Thailand and the Japanese earthquake and tsunami – have highlighted how risks outside the control of individual organisations can have unintended consequences that cannot be mitigated by one organisation alone.

Encouragingly, more than 90% of those surveyed by a WEF and co-report author Accenture initiative indicated that supply chain and transport risk management has become a greater priority in their organisation over the past five years.

While global supply chains are increasingly complex and spread out, some critical components are only available in one location.

For the world’s largest shipping companies, Somali piracy is the most serious threat. It costs US$12-17bn every year in insurance, security and other costs, says Dan Sten Olsson, CEO of Stena.

Internationally, the report calls for governments to come together to tackle risks, whether they be climate change or piracy off the Gulf of Aden. In the latter case, international law needs to be updated to decide jurisdictions and military responsibility, among other issues.

One disincentive to improving risk management is that financial markets have been rewarding companies for being very lean. But this additional cost is necessary for businesses to be able to absorb shocks and to rebound afterwards.

Yet, risks remain, because today’s supply chains, especially in emerging markets, can be long and not entirely traceable.

Overall, the report concludes that there is a need to introduce greater flexibility in operations and enhance collaboration between businesses and governments – nationally and internationally – to better manage the risks to global supply chains.

Questions were raised in the House of Commons on the cost of piracy to the UK economy in 2012. The responses made are as follows:

Mr Mike Hancock: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what estimate he has made of the potential cost of piracy to the UK economy in 2012; and what discussions he has had with his international counterparts on ways of minimising that cost.

Mr Bellingham: It has been estimated by One Earth Future that maritime piracy could be costing the global economy up to US$12 billion a year, both directly and indirectly such as through increased insurance premiums. The turnover of the British shipping industry is worth £10.7 billion of our national GDP. Approximately US$1 trillion of trade to and from Europe travels through the Gulf of Aden, the second busiest international trade route in the world and a key area affected by piracy.

Britain is playing a leading role in counter-piracy operations at sea off the Horn of Africa, and in the same region we are leading international work with regional partners to build penal, judicial and law enforcement capacities in support, with more than 1,000 pirates now in custody. We are also playing an active role to take steps to address piracy off the western coast of Africa.

The first line of defence remains self-defence by ships to minimise the risk of successful hijack. But the long-term solution to maritime piracy lies on land, with the development of justice and rule of law capacity and increased stability. Read more.

Should the commercial shipping industry be applauding last year’s reduction in vessel hijackings by Somali pirates as an indication the tide is turning in this war? Anyone who does applaud should take a closer look at the statistics; the number of Somali pirate attacks actually rose last year, increasing to 237 along key shipping lanes in the Gulf of Aden, an increase of 12 percent from 2010, according to the International Maritime Bureau, says Janet Plume for Break Bulk.

Somali pirates are responsible for the lion’s share of piracy assaults, accounting for nearly 54 percent of the global total of 439 pirate attacks last year.

For their trouble, the Somali pirates collected more than US$135 million, according to U.K. think tank Chatham House. That’s an increase in the average ransom from $600,000 in 2007 to $4.7 million per vessel last year.

However, out of 2011’s 439 attacks, only 28 vessels were actually hijacked, compared with 2010’s high of 49.

The IMB and other piracy experts attribute the decline in successful hijackings to interventions by various navies patrolling the Gulf of Aden, and to defensive efforts on the part of many shipowners, which in many cases includes arming their vessels with gun-toting guards. Dutch-flag vessels remain barred from carrying armed guards, but British merchant vessels as of last month were freed up to do so.

India’s shipping ministry also recently issued guidelines for engaging armed guards from private security agencies onboard India-flag ships.

Shipowners and their organizations have been wrestling with the complicated legal and financial repercussions of engaging in gun battles on the high seas with pirates, as well as whether the presence of armed guards increases the risk to crew if pirates do successfully take over a ship. There’s also been much speculation as to what national and international rules and regulations are even applicable when altercations occur. This means that in cases where pirates are captured, some 90 percent are released without being charged.

It’s a positive move by the British and Indian governments to step up and allow shipping companies to arm against pirates. Until recently, seafarers and shipowners have been helpless to defend themselves against the piracy plague. Because of concern for crew safety, they have frankly for many years also been reluctant to do so.

Seafarers' Plight

Courtesy of NMS/YouTube/Times Now

It has been a wait for more than 20 months for the families of the Indian sailors on MV Iceberg 1 held hostage by Somali pirates but with increasing embarrassment as the families await the return of their loved ones. India's External Affairs Minister speaking to TIMES NOW [video] ensures efforts are being taken to ensure release of these sailors, however, the families continue to remain unsure - Neptune Maritime Security.

Rohit (28) of Triprayar in Thrissur district of Kerala who was one among the 21 crew members on board the Indian oil tanker hijacked by Somali pirates on August 20, reached home safely on Thursday evening, says Times of India.

The crew and the tanker were released by pirates after protracted negotiations last week, and had reached Salalah port in Oman on Tuesday night. Rohit was flown from Salalah to Muscat by Oman Air and from there to Kochi by Jet Airways, after the necessary medical check-ups, the family sources said.
The vessel, MT Fairchem Bogey is being managed by Mumbai-based Anglo-Eastern Ship Management, and it was hijacked while remaining anchored at Salalah port for refuelling.

Rohit later told reporters at his home that he and other crew members were initially tortured by the Somali pirates. "They were giving us food but water supply was very limited," he said.

The other crew members have been flown back to their respective home towns, he said.
Rohit said he intended to return back to work after four months. According to him, the company was very supportive during the periods of captivity and had begun negotiating with the pirates within week after of hijacking.

There was drama at the Kochi airport as the officials and media people got to know of the arrival of Rohit only after he had left the airport.
Some of them were waiting at the airport even when Rohit and family had reached home in Thrissur district.

Families of six Lankan fishermen abducted three months ago, say Somali pirates are demanding US$6 million (S$7.5 million) for their release, the Straits Times reported, according to Sri Lanka's Times Online.

The site quoted Niroshan Anthony who said on Wednesday that his brother and the other fishermen set out to sea in Negombo on Sri Lanka's west coast last September, for multi-day fishing, and lost contact with the vessel after one month. Anthony is the older brother of abducted fisherman Shantha Sebastian.

'They have threatened to kill my brother and let us hear the gunfire on the phone, if the money is not paid by Friday,' said Mr Anthony, adding that his family is unable even to meet their basic needs.

And Finally...

Two days after U.S. special operations forces rescued a pair of aid workers from Somali abductors, news surfaced that another American, surfing journalist Michael Scott Moore, had been “kidnapped by Somali pirates.” But the crime didn’t happen anywhere near the surf. Moore was on land, driving to a Somali airport, and his captors were described as 15 men in two SUVs. Can you commit piracy on dry land? asks Slate.com

Not as it’s defined in international law. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea defines piracy as "any illegal acts of violence or detention, or any act of depredation, committed for private ends by the crew or the passengers of a private ship or a private aircraft."

pecifically, the law applies to piracy “on the high seas or in any other place outside the jurisdiction of any state.” So even if they were swinging cutlasses and flying the Jolly Roger from the windows of their Land Cruisers, Moore’s assailants weren’t legally acting as pirates when they captured him. They would be more accurately described as carjackers, kidnappers, gangsters, or bandits.

Why, then, do news accounts refer to them as pirates? Because they arr. The kidnapping was reportedly carried out by a gang whose leader is a well-known pirate commander. The commander, Ali Duulaye, is thought to have helped hijack a Seychelles-flagged fishing vessel in December. A pirate source told the website Somalia Report on Saturday that Moore was being held on land, alongside two hostages taken from that vessel, though he has apparently since been moved. Somalia Report’s editor, the Canadian journalist Jay Bahadur, tells the Explainer that the proliferation of armed guards on vessels plying the Arabian Sea has forced pirate networks to focus more on land-based operations of late.

In theory, this shift to terra firma could pose legal complications for countries such as the United States as they attempt to rescue hostages. The prohibition on piracy is one of the oldest and clearest in international law, dating to the time of Cicero, who declared pirates the common enemies of all—“hostis humani generis.” That phrase forms the basis for universal jurisdiction: Because pirates operate outside of national boundaries, any country is legally permitted to arrest and prosecute them. In practice, universal jurisdiction is rarely invoked: Few countries take the trouble to go after pirates unless it’s their own citizens who are being held. In that case, they may simply assert their inherent right to protect their own people abroad.

The trickier legal issue is carrying out military operations on another country’s soil, which can be a violation of sovereignty whether the targets are pirates or not. That’s unlikely to constrain the United States if it believes it has a chance to free Moore, however. Somalia’s internationally recognized government wields little authority beyond the battle-scarred capital, Mogadishu, which is the reason pirates proliferated there in the first place. Plus, the United States is a key ally in the Somali government’s long-running fight with the Islamist insurgent group al-Shabaab.
Explainer thanked Eugene Kontorovich of Northwestern University and the Institute for Advanced Study; Jay Bahadur, author of The Pirates of Somalia; and James Kraska of the U.S. Naval War College.

Piracy Incidents

Hijack:

None. List of vessels hijacked by Somali pirates in 2011 here.

Unsuccessful Attacks (All Regions):

South China Sea - Robbers boarded an anchored Panama-flagged chemical tanker, Golden Fountain, at 0340 LT: in position 05:48N - 118:05E, Sandakan Inner Anchorage, Sabah, Malaysia. Duty A/B on rounds sighted the robbers armed with long knives and immediately informed the duty officer. Seeing crew alertness the robbers escaped with stolen ship's stores. Reported (via IMB) 28 Jan.

Indian Ocean - General cargo ship in posn 04:55N - 058:14E at 1042 UTC approximately 620 NM NE of Mogadishu, sighted a dhow with an orange bow which released a skiff with 5 POB that approached the Antigua & Barbuda-flagged ship, BBC California. Weapons were seen. Onboard armed security team fired warning flares which were ignored by the skiff. As the skiff approached the vessel, at a distance of 500 meters the security team fired warning shots resulting in the skiff aborting and moving away. Reported (via NSC/IMB) 28 Jan.

South China Sea - Eight robbers armed with long knives boarded an anchored UK (Gibraltar)-flagged container ship, Istrian Express, at 2230 LT: Posn: 20:38.4N – 106:53.0E, Haiphong anchorage, Vietnam. They took the duty A/B hostage, forced him into the bosun store and tied him up. The robbers stole ship stores and escaped. As the A/B was not answering calls on the walkie talkie a search party was sent forward and rescued. Master tried to contact Haiphong port control but received no response. Reported (via IMB) 27 Jan.
South China Sea - Four robbers armed with a gun and knives boarded an anchored Singapore-flagged bulk carrier, MP Panamax 5, during cargo operations at 0440 LT: Adang Bay Anchorage, Indonesia. The robbers tried to attack the duty A/B, who managed to escape and inform the 2/O. Alarm raised and all crew mustered and proceeded towards the robbers. The robbers fired four shots and escaped with ship stores. No injuries to crew. Incident reported to pilot station. Reported (via IMB) 28 Jan.
South China Sea - Robbers boarded an anchored Liberia-flagged Chemical tanker, Siteam Neptun, at night in position 01:07.95N - 104:10.97E, Batam Outer Anchorage, Indonesia. They stole ship stores and escaped unnoticed. Reported (via IMB) 1 Feb.

EUNAVFOR figures state 5 vessels and an estimated 155 hostages held captive (Updated 16 Jan - no further update). Somalia Report indicates 225 hostages held from captured vessels with a further 26 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 251 hostages. See the latest report. The latest report from IMB states 10 ships and 159 crew held (Up to 31 Jan). UKMTO figures state 9 ships and 173 hostages in captivity.

VESSELS ARE REMINDED that the coalition forces' warships may not be in the vicinity of a pirate attack, subsequently, it is emphasised that seafarers can greatly reduce their chances of being pirated if they follow precautions as recommended in the Best Management Practices, increasing speed and carrying out evasive manoeuvres is a proven deterrent to piracy attacks. BMP version 4 is available at the link above; a high resolution version can be downloaded here.

VESSELS ARE ADVISED to exercise extreme caution when navigating in the vicinity of any reported positions of attacks and maintain maximum CPA with any ship acting suspiciously. Additionally, registration of vessel movement with MSC(HOA) prior to transiting the region is recommended.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity

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News: UK Minister Hears From NGO's on Somalia

Sat, 04 Feb 2012 10:22:36 UTC

FCO Minister hears from NGO’s on Somalia

3 February 2012 Source: FCO - UK in Somalia

Foreign Office Minister Henry Bellingham has held discussions on Somalia with leading NGO’s and academics ahead of the London Conference on Somalia on 23 February.

During a meeting on 2 February, Mr Bellingham heard from a wide range of representatives from aid agencies and charities working in Somalia, including many Muslim charities, to experts in academia. The delegates debated how the international community could more effectively support progress towards peace and stability in Somalia and shared their views on the political process in Somalia as well as on security and justice issues and wider stability and recovery.

Opening the discussion Mr Bellingham said:

“Seeking out a range of views and ideas in the run up to the London conference, on the challenges facing Somalia and its future, is vital. NGOs have a unique insight into some of the challenges – and opportunities – Somalia presents.”

The event is one of the several planned over the next three weeks as British ministers deepen their engagement with academia, civil society and the Somali diaspora and gather views on the agenda of the Conference. Only governments and multilateral organisations are invited to the Conference itself as the conference is about high-level international coordination, but the British Government is keen that its approach reflects wider opinion and concerns.

Speaking about the aims of the conference, Mr Bellingham added “Somalia needs a step-change in effort – both from the international community, but also Somalia’s political leaders. And that’s what the UK is injecting into the process – inviting senior representatives from over 40 countries and international organisations to come together in London to discuss how the international community can step up its efforts to bring peace and stability to Somalia”

Somalis and others are encouraged to follow the preparations and have their say via the website of the British Office for Somalia on Facebook and Twitter, following Twitter hashtag #LDNSomalia. FCO staff are monitoring these channels and you can see how the Special Representative has already picked up some of the public comments for further debate on his blog.

Further information:

More information on the London Conference on Somalia

UK in Somalia on Facebook

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Vessels Hijacked & Boarded by Somali Pirates - 2011

Thu, 02 Feb 2012 16:01:54 UTC

2011 Record of Vessels Hijacked by Somali Pirates.

The International Maritime Bureau (IMB) Annual Piracy Report has been extensively quoted in the maritime media since its publication.

For the first time in five years there is a discernible reduction in successful pirate hijacks and attacks. For further details visit IMB PRC website to request a copy.

In the meantime, the list of vessels and crew captured by Somali pirates thoughout 2011 with the location of the incident on a situational map, is shown below. Note that additional hijacked ships are shown that are not included in the IMB Report. Somalia Report provided additional information. Some of the hijacked vessels were fortunate to have been rescued or, in one instance, recaptured by the crew, which brings the figure to 28 hijacks proper. In addition, a list of vessels that were attacked and boarded, but were not hijacked, is included.

Hijacks:

1 Jan - Algeria-flagged bulk carrier, MV Blida, was attacked and hijacked by armed pirates in position 15:45N - 055:52E, off Oman at apporixmately 1030 UTC. Four armed pirates attacked, hijacked and took 27 crew hostage. Vessel released 3 Nov.
9 Jan - Indian dhow, Al Musa, attacked and hijacked in position 17:42N - 057:17E, around 152nm ENE of Salalah, Oman at approximately 0400 UTC. Armed pirates in skiffs fired upon and boarded the dhow, taking 14 crew hostage. Vessel was released 24 Jan.

15 Jan - Malta-flagged chemical tanker, MT Samho Jewelry, attacked and hijacked in position 22:00N - 064:00E, around 310nm ExS of Muscat, Oman at about 0800 UTC. Armed pirates attacked and boarded the tanker and took hostage 21 crew. The tanker was used as a mothership to attack other vessels. On 21 Jan, the Korean Navy intercepted and rescued the tanker and 21 crew. The Master was shot and injured by pirates during the rescue operation. Eight pirates were killed. The Master later received the IMO 2011 Bravery Award.

17 Jan - Cyprus-flagged bulk carrier, MV Eagle, attacked and hijacked in position 13:17N - 061:42E, around 417nm E of Socotra Isalnd, Yemen at about 0641 UTC. Six armed pirates used guns and RPG hijacking the ship and taking 24 crew hostage. Vessel released 19 Aug.
17 Jan - Mongolai-flagged bulk carrier, MV Hoang Son Sun, attacked and hijacked in position 18:36N - 064:22E, around 370nm E of Oman at about 0700 UTC. Pirates attacked, boarded and hijacked the ship and all crew, then sailed to Somali coast. Vessel released 17 Sep.

20 Jan - Tog-flagged bulk carrier, MV Khaled Muhieddine K, attacked and hijacked in position 15:11N - 0059:38Em around 330nm ESE of Salalah, Oman at about 1242 UTC. Armed pirates boarded and hijacked the ship and took 25 crew hostage, then sailed to the Somali coast. Vessel released 25 May.
20 Jan - Panama-flagged chemical tanker, MT Bunga Laurel, attacked and hijacked in position 20:09N - 063:58E, around 273nm SE of Ras Al Hadd, Oman at about 1359 UTC. Seven pirates boarded the tanker as the crew had locked themselves in the citadel and had requested assistance. A Malaysian auxiliary naval vessel responded by sending a boarding team which boarded the tanker and detained the pirates. The vessel and crew were safely rescued.

22 Jan - Antigua & Barbuda-flagged general cargo ship, MV Beluga Nomination, attacked and hijacked in position 01:49N - 056:35E, around 360nm N of Seychelles at about 1236 UTC. Pirates chased, fired upon and boarded the ship as the crew had locked themselves in the citadel and had requested assistance. The pirates managed to gain command of the ship after 2 days. Two crew members managed to escape in a lifeboat and were later rescued by a warship. Three other crew members died during an attempted rescue (one possibly shot by pirates and two others drowned when jumping into the sea trying to escape). The remaining seven crew were taken hostage, and the ship sailed to the Somali coast. Vessel released 13 Apr.
8 Feb - Italy-flagged tanker, MT Savina Caylyn, attacked and hijacked in position 12:07N - 065:35E, around 490nm NW of Minicoy Island, India at about 0450 UTC. Five armed pirates chased and fired upon the tanker which was boarded and hijacked. Vessel released 21 Dec.
9 Feb - Greece-flagged tanker, MT Irene SL, attacked and hijacked in position 21:27N - 063:18E, around 205nm WNW of Ras Al Hadd, Oman at about 0926 UTC. Armed pirates chased and fired upon the tanker, managing to board and hijack the vessel with25 crew taken hostage. Vessel released 7 Apr.
12 Feb - Malta-flagged bulk carrier, MV Sinin, attacked and hijacked in position 20:15N - 064:16E, around 280nm SE of ras Al Hadd, oman at about 1218 UTC. The owners received a distress alert from the ship and informed the coalition forces. An aircraft was sent to the location and observed 2 skiffs onboard the ship. Pirates had taken all 25 crew as hostages. Vessel released 13 Aug.
13 Feb - Yemen-flagged fishing vessel, FV Alfadous attacked by armed pirates when underway in approximate position 12:00N - 053:02E, around 8nm S of Samhah Island, Yemen. Pirates attacked and hijacked the FV taking hostage all 8 crew. FV was suspected of being used as a pirate mothership for further attacks.
18 Feb - US-flagged yacht, Quest, attacked and hijacked in position 18:00N - 061:02E, around 345nm ExN of Salalah, Oman at about 1323 UTC. The yacht was hijacked with 4 crew taken hostage. A US coalition warship intercepted the yacht, and after being fired upon by pirates onboard the yacht, boarded the vessel but found the 4 crew dead. The pirates were detained.
24 Feb - Denmark-flagged yacht, ING, attacked and hijacked off Somalia. Pirates boarded the yacht, taking the seven Danish crew, including 3 children, hostage. Seven crew released 7 Sep.
28 Feb - Panama-flagged bulk carrier, MV Dover, attacked and hijacked in position 18:48N - 058:25E, aound 265nm NE of Salalah, Oman at about 0600 UTC. Ship and 24 crew taken hostage. During captivity, used to hold Danish family and crew from yacht ING. Vessel released 30 Sep.
16 Mar - Indonesia-flagged general cargo ship, MV Sinar Kudus, attacked and hijacked in position 14:21N - 059:25E, around 310nm off Socotra Island, Yemen at about 1642 UTC. Aroudn 40 armed pirates took the 20 crew hostage and used the vessel for mothership piracy operations.Vessel released 1 May.
21 Mar - Liberia-flagged tanker, Al-Nouf, attacked in position 03:47N 053:33E, around 495nm NE of Mogadishu, Somalia at about 0846 UTC. Chased by mothersip and 2 skiffs with 4 pirates in 1 skiff and 10 pirates in another skiff, guns and RPG were fired at the tanker. The Master increased speed, took evasive manoeuvres and activated SSAS. The Master, 2 crew and unarmed security team remained on the Bridge whilst the remaining crew mustered in the citadel. Although the vessel evaded the boarding attempt, two crew sustained minor injuries but another was in serious condition. The tanker sustained damage.
28 Mar - UAE-flagged tanker, MT Zirku, attacked and hijacked in postion 15:36N - 057:04E, around 189nm SE of Salalah, Oman at about 1642 UTC. Pirates armed with guns and RPG in 2 skiffs chased and fired at the tanker. The Master increased speed, took evasive manoeuvres, fired rocket flares and crew activted fire hoses. The pirates managed to come alongside, board and hijack the tanker. Vessel released 11 Jun.
8 Apr - Antigua & Barbuda-flagged general cargo ship, MV Susan K, attacked and hijacked in position 18:25N - 057:27E, about 30nm off Ras Al Masrah, Oman at about 0234 UTC. 10 armed pirates attacked the vessel as the 10 crew members retreated into the citadel and requested assistance. The pirates managed to gain access into the citadel and took the crew hostage. Vessel released 16 Jun.
16 Apr - Yemen fishing vessel, Abdi Khan, attacked and hijacked in position 11:54N - 054:05E, around 25nm S of Socotra Island, Yemen. Pirates took 6 crew hostage. Later released 3 crew and sent them to Yemen along with another Yemeni fishing vessle. The remaining crew continue to be held hostage.
19 Apr - Seychelles fishing vessel, Gloria, attacked and hijacked in position 03:47S - 055:41E, off Denis Island, Seychelles. Seven pirates aremed with Ak-47 and RPG boarded the FV. Crew sent distress alert picked up by Seychelles CG. Pirates took 4 crew hostage and ordered them to sail to Somalia. 20 Apr, Seychelles CG launched an operation which resulted in the rescue of the crew and detaining of 7 pirates. One crew member slightly hurt during operation. Three pirates injured with 1 killed.
21 Apr - Italy-flagged bulk carrier, Rosalia D'Amato attacked and hijacked in position 13:16.7N - 059:05.6E, around 365nm SE of Salalah, Oman at about 0204 UTC. Armed pirates in a skiff chased and fired upon the ship, managing to board and take all the crew hostage. Vessel released 26 Nov.
30 Apr - Singapore-flagged chemical tanker, Gemini, attacked and hijacked in position 07:00S - 041:20E,around 115nm ESE of Zanzibar Island, Tanzania at about 0420 UTC. Pirates in 2 skiffs boarded the tanker taking 24 crew hostage. The vessel was released 30 Nov.

16 Jul - UAE product tanker, MT Jubba XX, attacked by armed pirates in position 13:48N - 051:25E, aroudn 130nm NW of Socotra, Yemen. Armed pirates attacked and boarded the tanker. The tanker was hijacked with 16 crew and taken to Somalia. Vessel was released shortly after.

20 Aug - Marshall Island-flagged chemical tanker, MT Fairchem Bogey, attacked and hijacked in position 16:54N - 054:03E, at Salalah Anchorage, Oman at approximately 0108 UTC. Armed pirates boarded and hijacked the tanker taking the 21 crew memmbers hostage. Omani authorities intercepted the tanker but the pirates threatened to harm the crew if any action was taken. Vessel released 12 Jan 2012.
27 Aug - Fishing vessel, Al Ain, hijacked with 13 Yemen crew onboard off Somali coast. Eight pirates hijacked the vessel off Bargaal district. 3 crew were reportedly wounded in the attack. Vessel reported being used as a mothership with some of the crew held captive on land in Ras Bina near Bargaal.

8 Sep - French yacht, Tribal Kat, was attacked and boarded by armed pirates in position 15:27N - 052:14E, around 20nm S of Nishtun, Gulf of Aden, at approximately 1317 UTC. Pirates fired at the yacht and board the vessel taking the crew hostage. A naval boarding team arrived later, boarded the yacht which had been abandoned by the pirates. One crew memeber was later rescued 9 Sep, but the other crew member was reported killed.
29 Oct - Sri Lanka-flagged fishing vessel, Nimesha Duwa, reported in postion 02:09N - 059:39E. Owners reported had not been able to contact FV and believed vessel had been hijacked and taken to Somalia. Last known position was on 11 Dec near Grisby anchorage in Somalia.
31 Oct - Marshall Island-flagged chemical tanker, MT Liquid Velvet, was attacked and boarded by armed pirates in position 12:00N - 045:33E, Gulf of Aden at approximately 0858 UTC. Armed pirates attacked and hijacked the tanker taking all 22 crew hostage, including an unarmed security person, and sailed to Somalia.
3 Nov - Taiwan-flagged fishing vessel, Chin Yu Wen, attacked and hijacked in position 06:10S - 051:10E, around 260nm SW of Seychelles at about 2100 UTC. Pirates boarded the FV and hijacked the vessel with 28 crew taken hostage and sailed toward the Somali coast. On 5 Nov, the crew managed to regain control of the FV and rendezvoused with a warship that provided assistance. All 28 crew were safe, although 3 sustained minor injuries. Pirates were detained and taken to the Seychelles.
27 Dec - Italy-flagged chemical tanker, Enrico Ievoli, attacked and hijacked in position 18:18N - 057:36E, around 44nm SSW of Ras Al Madrakah, Oman at about 0403 UTC. Pirates in a skiff chased and fired upon, the vessel. They boarded and hijacked the ship taking 18 crew hostage headed toward Somali coast.
Not shown on record: 30 Oct - Seychelles-flagged fishing vessel, Aride, hijacked with 2 personnel onboard. Precise details of capture are not known (via Somalia Report).

2011 Hijack Positions (Data Courtesy of IMB PRC/Somalia Report)

Boarded:

3 Jan - UK-flagged chemical tanker, MT CPO China, attacked and boarded in position 15:48N - 059:49E, around 330nm ESE of Salalah, Oman at approximately 1039 UTC. Pirates armed with guns and RPG in 2 skiffs chased and fired upon the ship. The Master raised the alarm, contact the authorities for assistance, increased speed and took evasive manoeuvres. The pirates made several attempts to board the tanker, finally gaining access. All crew managed to enter the citadel and the authorities were informed that they were able to control the vessel. Pirates caused damage to the tanker when they were unable to take control. A warship arrived on the scene and found the pirates had disembarked and escaped. A naval boarding team searched the tanker and released the crew on completion.

12 Jan - Denmark-flagged general cargo ship, MV Leopard, attacked and boarded in position 15:11N 0 058:18E, around 270nm NE of Socotra Island, Yemen at approximately 1453 UTC. Four armed pirates in 2 skiffs boarded the vessel. Crew were reported to be locked dwon in a citadel. On arrival, a warship boarding team searched the vessel and found the vessel was abandoned. There pirates had kidnapped the 6 crew and transferred them to a fishing vessel which had been hijacked 25 Dec 2010 off Madagascar. The warship remained in the area until a tug was sent to tow the ship to a safe port.
14 Jan - Comoros-flagged Ro-Ro vessel, MV Smeraldo, attacked and boarded in position 17:11N - 061:21E, around 410nm E of Salalah, Oman at about 1730 UTC. Armed pirates in 2 skiffs launched from a mothership, chased and fired upon the vessel. The Master raised the alarm, increased spped and took evasive manoeuvres. After several attempts, two pirates managed to board the ship. All crew immediately took shelter in the citadel and maintained control of the ship. The pirates left the ship 15 Jan. A coalition forces helicopter arrived at the scenen and was informed by the Master that the crew and ship were safe.

28 Jan - Liberia-flagged tanker, New York Star, attacked and boarded in position 11:17.5N - 063:33.4E, around 560nm E of Socotra Island, Yemen at about 0400 UTC. Pirates in 4 skiffs launched from a mothership, armed with guns and RPG chased the vessel. The Master increased speed, enforced anti-piracy measures and crew retreated to the citadel. Four armed guard fired rocker flares, but pirates managed to board. Owners were contact from the citadel and IMB requested assistance. A Dutch warship was despatched to render assistance. On 29 Jan, at 0600 UTC, the Dutch navy boarding team freed the 23 crew and security guards. The pirates had departed prior to the warship arrival.
2 Mar- Belgium-flagged yacht, Capricorn, attacked boarded in position 12:11N - 063:58E, around 550nm E of Socotra Island, Yemen at about 0750 UTC. Six armed pirates opened fire and boarded the motorised sailing boat as the crew locked themselves in the Engine Room. The vessel was under escort by another vessel with armed security. When the security vessel approached the sailing boat, the pirates abandoned it and moved away. A mothership was seen at a distance of 7nm.

5 Mar - Bahamas-flagged tanker, MT Guanabara, attacked and boarded in position 16:03N - 062:46E, around 526nm NE of Socotra Island, Yemen at about 1222 UTC. Armed pirates in a mothership and skiff chased the tanker. The Master raised the alarm, sent a distress message and took evasive manoeuvres. Pirates opened fire, came alongisde and managed to board the tanker as the crew retreated into the citadel and maintained control of the ship. Authorities were informed. A US warship responded to the distress call. On 6 Mar, a boarding team went onboard, detained 4 pirates and released the tanker and crew.
21 Mar - Panama-flagged chemical tanker, MV Liquid Crystal, attacked and boarded in position 17:13N - 063:18E, around 522nm E of Salalah, Oman at about 1222 UTC. Chased by five pirates armed with AK-47 in a white skiff doing 24 knots. Master increased speed, took evasive manoeuvres, sent distress message and activated water jet from the fire monitor. Two of the pirates caught the ship’s side, cut the razor wire with a small tool and came on board while the other three pirates remained in the skiff. All crewmembers took shelter in the citadel. The pirates then made their way to the bridge and entered the bridge by breaking the glass and the protecting bars. The crew remained in the citadel for 3.5 hours and later searched the ship and found no pirates onboard. All crewmembers and the tanker are safe.

24 Mar - Philippine-flagged bulk carrier, MV Falcon Trader II, attacked and boarded in position 22:26N - 063:40E, around 220nm E of Ras Al Hadd, Oman at about 0737 UTC. Chased by pirates in skiffs, the Master increased speed and enforced anti-piracy measures which saw the pirates abort the attempt. After appearing to abort the attack, the skiff returned and boarded the vessel. The 20 crew had retreated to the safe room. A naval boarding team subsequently boarded the ship and found that the pirates had already left the ship. The crew regained control fo the ship and contnued her journey.
1 Apr - Liberia-flagged bulk carrier, MV Arrilah-I, attacked and boarded in position 19:17N - 065:45E, around 398nm SE of Sur, Oman at about 0528 UTC. 2 skiffs with 3 pirates in each chased the vessel. The crew had retreated into the citadel and requested assitance. A naval boarding tema arrived 2 April and rescued the 24 crew. No pirates were found onboard having left prior to the arrival of the naval forces.
20 Apr - Panama-flagged container ship, Hanjin Tianjin, attacked and boarded in position 12:58N - 058:55E, around 270nm E of Socotra island, Yemen at about 2025 UTC. Pirates fired upon the ship. The Master raised the alarm, sent distress message and all crew retreated t the citadel. Pirates were unable to gain access. A NATO warship responded and launched a helicopter which reported no pirate activity spotted onboard. 21 Apr, a S Korean warship boarding team boarded the vessel and confirmed the pirates had left, and rescued the 20 crew.
5 May - Panama-flagged bulk carrier, Full City, attacked and boarded in position 14:50N - 066:48E, at about 0336 UTC. Pirates armed with guns and RPG boarded the vessel. The Master contacted the CSO and authorities and all crew retreated to the citadel. Navies in the area responded to the distress call and on arrival at the locations deployed a boarding team, which confirmed no pirates remained onboard.
31 May - Panama-flagged bulk carrier, MV Atlas, attacked and boarded by armed pirates in position 13:30N - 042:35E in Southern Red Sea at 1300 UTC. Five pirates with automatice weapons fired upon the ship and managed to board her. All crew retreated to the citadel and requested assistance. All lights were switched off. A naval boarding team later intercepted thd vessel, and on boarding and searching the ship, rescued the crew. No pirates were found onboard having left prior to naval forces arrival.
15 Jun - Panama-flagged general cargo ship, Suez, attacked in position 09:18N - 051:15E, around 26nm off Somali coast. One pirate managed to board the ship but had to jump overboard after being confronted by the crew.
6 Jul - Liberia-flagged tanker, MT Brilliante Virtuoso, attacked by armed pirates in [opsitions 12:29N - 044:44, aroudn 20nm SW of Aden, Yemen at approximately 0023 UTC. Seven armed pirates attacked and boarded the tanker. Tanker caught fire and the pirates subsequenntly left the vessel. Later, all crew also abandonded the tanker due to a fire that was out of control, and were rescued by a naval warship.
11 Aug - Malta-flagged bulk carrier, MV Caravos Horizon, attacked and boarded by armed pirates in approximate posnition 15:09N - 041:55E, around 60nm WNW of Al Hudaydah, Yemen at about 1115 UTC. A pirate mothership was observed 0.5nm from the vessel. The PAG launched 3 skiffs which approached the vessel. The mAster raised the alarm and commenced evasive manoeuvres, and ordered all crew into the citadel. The pirates were able to board the vessel but could not breach the citadel. The CSO informed the navies after receiving information from the Master. A warship later arrived and deployed Marines to board the vessel, confirming that all pirates had left the ship. Ship and crew porperty had been stolen but all 24 crew were rescued.
10 Sep - Greece-flagged tanker, MT United Emblem, was attacked and boarded by armed pirates in approximate position 14:04N - 042:51E, around 4nm off Jazirat Jabal Zuqar Island, Yemen at about 0535 UTC. Pirates in 3 skiffs, and 1 skiff with 6 armed pirates approached the tanker. The crew locked all access to the ship and mustered on the Bridge. The Master increased speed, activated SSAS alert, carried out evasive manoeuvres and contacted the CSO. The crew proceed to the Engine Room. Pirates managed to board the tanker. A warship responded to the distress and proceeded towards the tanker. On arrival, a helicopter was launched and a boarding team was dispatched to secure the tanker. It was confirmed that no pirates were onboard. The tanker's Bridge console and accommodation windows were broken by the oirate before leaving. All 26 crew were rescued.
20 Sep - Cyprus-flagged general cargo ship, MV Pacific Express, was attacked and boarded in positions 04:47S - 044:35E, around 300nm E of Mombasa, Kenya at about 0734 UTC. Pirates in 2 skiffs armed with guns and RPG chased and fired upon the ship. The pirates managed to board the vessel as the crew retreated to the citadel and requested assistance. Before leaving the ship, the pirates set it on fire. A coalition warship arrived at the scene and rescued the crew.

25 Sep - Turkish-flagged general cargo ship, MV CS Cihan, was attacked and boarded by armed pirates in approximate position 14:09N - 042:49E, Red Sea at about 1342 UTC. Armed pirates chased and attacked the ship. The alarm was raised and the Master requested assistance and stopped the ship. All crew quickly retreated into the citadel. The pirates boarded and opend fire on the ship. After 3.5 hours, the crew came out of the citadel and found that all the pirates had departed the vessel. All crew were safe and the ship continued her voyage.

10 Oct - Italian bulk carrier, MV Montecristo, attacked and boarded in position 12:31N - 061:48E, around 430nm E of Socotra Isalnd, Yemen at approximately 0330 UTC. Eleven armed pirates fired on the ship and managed to board the vessel. All 19 crew members, including the Master and four armed secuirty personnel retreated into the purpose-built citadel and requested assistance (using a plastic bottle to send a message to arriving naval forces). 11 October, A NATO warship arrived on location and sent a naval boarding team to free the crew and security personnel. All pirates onboard were detained.

Data courtesy of IMB and Somalia Report.

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News: Private Security Can Play Vital Role Says MP

Wed, 01 Feb 2012 01:22:50 UTC

Hired guns can help to tackle threat of piracy, says minister

Carol Huang for The National

Feb 1, 2012

ABU DHABI // Private security contractors could play a valuable role in countering maritime piracy, the British minister for Africa said during a visit to the UAE yesterday [Jan 31].

The number of companies offering antipiracy training and protection has soared in recent years due to the rise of the threat, although not without controversy.

As long as they are closely regulated, contracted security could be useful at sea and on land in Somalia, said the British minister, Henry Bellingham.

Some companies have sought deals with Somalia's regional governments to train local law enforcement officials, while others have placed armed guards aboard ships to ward off pirates.

Many companies are registered in Britain and staffed by former military personnel from the UK, US and other countries.

The trend has generated debate in shipping, defence and government circles, with some backing the need for effective protection and others fearing the lack of regulation and the threat of escalating violence.

Mr Bellingham expressed confidence in the companies.

He said they were "setting the highest possible standards" and that British companies - some contracted by his government - were "carefully regulated".

He believes they fulfil security needs while the Somali authorities lack the ability to control their waters or crack down on piracy.

"You can't just build a navy overnight, and it presupposes you have the facilities for training," he said. "In the meantime, there is a role for private security companies."

Contractors have had similar work in the region, including training the navy in Tanzania.

Whether Somalia hired companies was their decision, he said.

"The most important thing from our point of view is that they are properly regulated," he added.

One company, Saracen International, raised eyebrows when it began training forces in the Somali region of Puntland, where most pirates come from, due to its reported links to the former head of Blackwater, notorious for aggressive tactics in Iraq.

Hiring armed guards during journeys at sea has become more mainstream.

No ship carrying guards has yet been hijacked - after warning shots are fired, the pirates tend to back off and seek an easier target.

The UK, like other countries, reversed its position last year to endorse the practice. The UAE Shipping Association did the same last year, although a quarter of the industry body registered reservations.

Fears remain that guards with inadequate supervision might act recklessly, or prompt the pirates to act more violently themselves.

With hijackings becoming more difficult, some treat hostages more harshly, either out of frustration or to force a ransom payment.

Additional measures proposed to combat piracy - including a stronger pirate prosecution system and more development aid to Somalia - will be addressed at an international conference on Somalia in London next month.

The UAE, which held an international conference on piracy last April, will host another this year.

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International Cooperation Tough Stance on Piracy

Tue, 31 Jan 2012 03:01:03 UTC

International cooperation between Seychelles, UK and Denmark takes tough stance on piracy

January 30, 2012 source: ForimmediateRelease.net

International cooperation to counter the increasing threat of piracy has led to the successful detention of 18 suspected pirates who will be transferred to, and possibly prosecuted, in Seychelles. The government of Seychelles has agreed to take custody of the prisoners for prosecution, given initial reports suggesting overwhelming evidence, and after seeking assurances to address concerns on issues of transfer mechanisms.

The Seychelles government, which has consistently expressed concern over the acceptance of additional prisoner transfers if the issue of the onward transfer of convicted Somali prisoners to UN monitored facilities within Somalia is not resolved, had initially declined the transfer request as the suspected pirates were captured outside of the geographical operating zones adopted by local guidelines.

Given the serious nature of these cases and ongoing work to ensure that transfers of prisoners to Somalia could begin within weeks, Seychelles was satisfied, subject to the decision of the Attorney General, that prosecutions should proceed.

Commenting on acceptance of the suspected pirates by Seychelles, UK Foreign Secretary, William Hague said:

“We are very grateful to the Seychelles for their agreement to prosecute these suspected pirates. Their commitment to the fight against piracy has helped avoid a situation where these individuals were not held to account for their actions.

“In a few weeks time, the London Conference on Somalia will discuss how the international community can tackle the many problems faced by Somalia, including piracy. Today’s agreement on the transfer of alleged pirates demonstrates what can be achieved through international cooperation and commitment.”

Minister for Home Affairs, Environment, and Transport, and Chair of the Seychelles High Level Committee on Piracy, Joel Morgan, said:

“Seychelles has shown time and time again that it is prepared to stand and be counted in the fight against piracy, but we are a small nation, and there are practical issues that we must consider when we receive prisoner transfer requests, and we must review them on a case by-case basis.

“However, we also firmly believe that pirates cannot continue to operate with impunity, and given the possibility of a strong case against these 18 suspected pirates, failure to prosecute would undermine all our efforts and send the wrong message. It is due to this and the solid relationships that we have built with our partners, that in this particular instance, we have found a solution that means these suspected pirates at least will face prosecution and hopefully not threaten the safety of our seas again.”

Seychelles has agreed to accept 18 pirates in total; 14 captured by the UK and 4 by the Danish, and the UK and Denmark have agreed to support and facilitate their passage to justice in Seychelles. This includes working closely with the Seychelles government to facilitate and fund the transfer of the suspected pirates.

In addition, an exchange scheme already established between Seychelles and Isle of Wight prisons will be brought forward and expanded, bringing UK prisoner officers temporarily to Seychelles to support its prison management. The UK is also helping the Seychelles Prison Service through further projects that will be delivered via the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). These measures will help address Seychelles’ concern over prison capacity, which is vital to the approach being taken to create a number of regional prosecution centers where suspected pirates can be prosecuted before being transferred to prisons being developed in Somalia.

MEDIA CONTACT: Alain St.Ange, CEO, Seychelles Tourism Board, Email:alain.s@seychelles.com

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Weekly Piracy Report

Sun, 29 Jan 2012 22:09:24 UTC

Presidential seal of approval. Daring rescue, kidnapped US writer, panicked pirates and napping guards as dhows hijacked. Claim of mutilation. Nigeria's maritime security in the hands of ex-militant. Pirates released, jailed, rights waived and in jurisdictional void. Secretary Generals discuss piracy and its eradication, whilst yet another potential turning point is stated. New piracy surcharge for African ports. Is paying a ransom the most efficient way to deal with pirates? Indian seafarers desire government intervention. Seychelles says "don't manage piracy problem, solve it". Volvo Ocean Race reveals safe haven.

"Good job tonight". The US SEAL mission to rescue two aid workers, held by pirates since October 2011, certainly grabbed the worlds' attention. However, once more, the desperate circumstances for not only the US writer captured only last weekend, but also that of the seafarers held, some over a year, remains an issue in the margins of the public view.

The subsequent actions of the pirates holding Michael Scott Moore, the writer holding dual nationality - US/German - in moving him to different locations within a short period of time, demonstrates the ensuing panic and uncertainty following the death of 9 of their fellow pirates in the SEAL raid. However, the most recent alarming story to break from Somalia is the alleged amputation of an arm of a seafarer as part of the ransom negotiating tactics. The tales of abuse against sailors is nothing new, but the thought of this becoming a regular tactic shows the willingness of the pirates to extract money from the shipping industry.

Puntland's Police Force suffered an embarrassing outcome to their task of providing protection for an Iranian fishing dhow. The vessel and its crew of 19 was hijacked off Puntland as the guards were asleep in the early hours. This is, however, not the first hijack off Somalia this year. The Yemeni dhow, al Wasil, with a crew of eight was taken by pirates 38nm from Mukalla port, Yemen, Gulf of Aden. The pirates released five crew at Ras Hafoon and maintained control over the three remaining crew and the dhow.

In West Africa, the task of providing maritime security in Nigerian waters is planned to be given to a private firm. The issue here is that the firm is owned by an ex-militant warlord. Following the fuel subsidy troubles, the opposition sees it as a suspicious concession plan.

Pirates in court has been a major talking point over the last week. Following the high count in suspect pirates being detained in January alone, only a few are to face prosecution. The regional states of Kenya and Seychelles are full to the gunnels with pirates awaiting trial; prisons in Somalia have many awaiting charges, and India has freed suspected pirates (and legal Yemeni fishermen) as the lack of evidence stymies legal recourse. Spain, however, is to prosecute the suspect pirates who attacked a Spanish warship, but the UK continues to face criticism for its lack of prosecution in the UK. Germany has decided that the pirates they hold must face prosecution, but Canada bemoans the fact that legalities and politics gets in the way of any such action. The US has no such difficulty. The pirate negotiator, Shibin, is informed that his rights were waived once he began talking to the US officials whilst on the plane to America.

The UN Secretary General and the newly-appointed IMO Secretary General met to discuss tackling the problem of piracy. The IMO SecGen stated that, "...we can eradicate this menace." Colonel Steed of the UN said, following the SEAL raid, it was another potential turning point in the fight against piracy, however, some commentators point out that previous raids have not created such a turning point.

Mediterranean Shipping Co. said it will put a new piracy surcharge into effect on containers it transports between ports in South Africa and East Africa beginning in March as a result of the increased pirate aggression and the subsequent rise in insurance costs.

With no clear answer, and tactics, for combating piracy, the quick payment of a ransom usually results in the quick release of traumatized seafarers being held hostage, as well as the rapid release of cargo being delayed and is the most efficient way of dealing with piracy in the view of many in the shipping industry. Governments, however, do not see it that way, and take a longer term approach. Hence the campaign, Save Our Seafarers.

Indian seafarers, along with Filipino seafarers, one of most kidnapped group of sailors, have stated that the Director General of Indian Shipping should intervene in piracy negotiations to speed up the process and not leave it to shipowners and operators, who should contribute to a fund to pay for the release of crews.

The President of the Seychelles has clearly stated his position by stating enough is enough. Stop managing the piracy problem and solve it!

Wondering where the safe haven could have been for the Volvo Ocean Race boats? Maldives we hear.

Regional Activity

East Africa

U.S. military forces helicoptered into Somalia in a nighttime raid Wednesday and freed two hostages, an American and a Dane, while killing nine pirates, officials and a pirate source said.
The Danish Refugee Council confirmed the two aid workers, American Jessica Buchanan and Dane Poul Hagan Thisted, were freed "during an operation in Somalia." Buchanan, 32, and Thisted, 60, had been working with a de-mining unit of the Danish Refugee Council when they were kidnapped.
President Barack Obama appeared to refer to the mission before his State of the Union address in Washington Tuesday night. As he entered the House chamber in the U.S. Capitol, he pointed at Defense Secretary Leon Panetta in the crowd and said, "Good job tonight."
A Western official told The Associated Press that the raid was carried out by U.S. military forces. A second official said the helicopters and the hostages flew to a U.S. military base called Camp Lemonier in the Horn of Africa nation of Djibouti. Both officials spoke on condition of anonymity because the information had not been released publicly.
Panetta visited Camp Lemonier just over a month ago, A key U.S. ally in this region, Djibouti has the only U.S. base in sub-Saharan Africa. It hosts the military's Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa.
The Danish Refugee Council said both freed hostages are unharmed "and at a safe location." The group said in a separate statement that the two "are on their way to be reunited with their families." Read more OCEANUSLive.

BBC News carried the story of the daring raid by SEAL Team 6 with the Senior Defence Correspondent, Frank Gardner, bringing the rescue into perspective with due consideration of those remaining in captivity, including over 150 seafarers. OCEANUSLive briefly reinforced the point by stating the risk of reprisals against those sailors held hostage following the rescue mission.

Courtesy of BBC News/YouTube

On Saturday (Jan 21), Michael Scott Moore an American writer/journalist with dual US/German citizenship was abducted by armed militia south of Galkayo in the Galmadug region. Sources in Galkayo revealed that armed militiamen forcibly kidnapped Mr. Moore and took him to a forested area outside the city.

Michael Moore - (Pic:SR)

Local authorities in the region stated that the victim held both US and German passports. Somalia Report has been able to confirm his identity and that he was working on a book related to piracy in the region.

He was kidnapped on the road to the local airport, where he was intending to meet with an Indian colleague. His Somali associate was beaten when he tried to prevent the kidnappers from abducting them.

Locals initially speculated that the American was an engineer tasked with evaluating construction of a port in Hobyo district, 250 km south east of Galkayo probably because he had written a recent article about the project. The rudimentary port has been in operation for more than a century and there is interest in expanding it to accommodate larger vessels for WFP deliveries.

Hours after Michael Scott Moore was kidnapped, Somali pirates claimed responsibility for the kidnapping, according to a number of pirates.
Somalia Report learned that the group of pirates holding the journalist are holding the Seychelles fishing boat FV Aride near Harardheere.
In the meantime, Galmudug president Mohamed Ahmed Aalin, along with several other officials and prominent elders from Sa'ad clan, are heading to Hobyo city where Somali pirates are holding the journalist captive.

"We are now heading to Hobyo. We are on the way and will take part in the efforts to release the journalist from the pirates," the president said.

Galmudug government declared all-out war against Somali pirates to forcibly release the kidnapped American if peaceful means fail. The pirates had warned that any rescue attempts would be futile. They claimed to have backup support from other pirates and also have a plan to move the hostage onboard MV Albedo (already holding 4 [now 2] foreign aid workers along with the crew) if any attack is attempted.

Michael Scott Moore has written an article on Somali Pirates.

Lost in the coverage of the Navy SEAL rescue mission in Somalia is the fact that another American was kidnapped there four days ago and is being held for ransom, comments World News.

It’s also not clear if President Obama’s vow on Tuesday to protect U.S. citizens would extend to a rescue operation on his behalf.

Michael Scott Moore, an American writer who started his career tracking the surfing world and who was in Somalia to report about piracy, was kidnapped on Saturday.

In a statement released by the White House after the overnight rescue of American Jessica Buchanan and Poul Hagen Thisted of Denmark, Obama on Wednesday vowed: "The United States will not tolerate the abduction of our people, and will spare no effort to secure the safety of our citizens and to bring their captors to justice."

Asked Wednesday about Moore at a press briefing, a State Department spokeswoman said she had no information but would get back to reporters.

"This is not a new problem, unfortunately, which is why we have to be vigilant and have to be prepared to do the kinds of operations like we saw last night," added Victoria Nuland.

A group holding an American hostage in Somalia moved him at least three times in the day since Navy SEALs rescued an American and a Dane and killed their nine kidnappers, pirates said Thursday. The abductors said they would kill the hostage if they are attacked, reports Navy Times.

The high-profile rescue early Wednesday raised questions about whether the many other Western hostages held in Somalia have a greater chance at release — or are in greater danger.

“If they try again we will all die all together,” warned Hassan Abdi, a Somali pirate connected to the gang holding the American. “It’s difficult to hold U.S. hostages, because it’s a game of chance: die or get huge money. But we shall stick with our plans and will never release him until we get a ransom.”

The U.S. government said the raid was prompted by Buchanan’s deteriorating health. An ailing Frenchwoman kidnapped by Somali gunmen died in captivity last year after not having access to her medication.

“Holding hostages in one place is unlikely now because we are the next target,” Abdi said, referring to the raid in a phone conversation with The Associated Press. He expressed concern that the U.S. had pirate informants.

“It wasn’t just a hit and run operation, but long planned with the help of insiders among us,” Abdi said, noting the soldiers had struck at the time when the pirates were least on their guard.

The gang has moved an American kidnapped on Saturday in the northern Somali town of Galkayo three times in the last 24 hours, he said. Read more.

Somalia Report states that the pirates holding the MSF workers on MV Albedo have moved the hostages back onto land following a conflict between pirates. Additionally, there was concern that the US would launch a similar raid to free the hostages as occurred this week. They are believed to have been taken to Dabagalo, some 60km from Harardhere.

Furthermore, pirates hodling the four S Korean crew from MT Gemini, mistakenly kill a fellow pirate after taking him to be an enemy pirate gang member.

In a disturbing report, Somali pirates holding the crew of the hijacked Taiwanese flagged FV Shiuh Fu No 1 shifted to a new and graphic tactic to push owners to pay ransom. Pirates and other local sources informed Somalia Report that pirates cut the arm off the captain of the ship, marking a significant turn in the way pirates manage hostages and the first noted instance of forced amputation by Somali pirates in recent years.
After the owner refused to pay the demanded $3 million ransom, pirates amputated the hand of Chao-I Wu, the captain of the vessel, according to pirates and the hostages' family members.

"Ever since pirates hijacked this vessel, negotiations about releasing the vessel and hostages were ongoing. In fact, more than twice the negotiations were stalled. Months later the negotiations restarted and the pirates finally demanded $3 million in ransom. The owner refused to pay, causing a direct conflict between pirates, the owners and relatives of these hostages" said the pirate.

The conflict forced the change in tactics, according to the pirate.

"After weeks of discussions and failure to come to an agreement, the pirates finally decided to cut off the right hand of captain of the vessel. His name is Chao-I Wu. They also beat the deputy captain," he added.

After the forced amputation, the Vietnamese crew members called their families to notify them of the new tactic and urged them to pay the ransom. They also reported the captain's arm, not just his hand, was cut off.

"This group of pirates allowed the crew to call their relatives for only a few minutes - just long enough to tell their families about the amputation. They begged their relatives to pay and some of them were crying. It was a message to the owner and their families that if the owners don't pay this amount of ransom that they will hurt another crew," said the pirate.

Vietnamese newspaper Tuoi Tre News confirmed that hostage crew member Tran Van Hung called home on January 20th to report the amputation and urged the shipowner to make the ransom payment. The pirates, the newspaper reported, "allowed 12 Vietnamese fishermen and some other Chinese ones to call home for 5 minutes each."

Despite having a government appointed security team on board, Somali pirates hijacked the Iranian fishing dhow, al-Khaliil, and kidnapped her crew of 19 as the vessel was fishing legally in the waters off the semi-autonomous region of Puntland, according to officials and pirates who spoke to Somalia Report this evening [Jan 25].

The vessel, which had been fishing in the area of over a month, and had the necessary permits from the Puntland government to fish in the area. As an extra layer of precaution, the Puntland government assigned a security team, made up of four armed police, to prevent a hijacking.
"Pirates hijacked the al-Khaliil and the 19 Iranian crew members," said Liibaan Dheere, a well-known businessman in Puntland who has been tasked to speak with Somalia Report on the shipowner's behalf.

"The boat was fishing legally. Puntland gave them permission and a security team, but the pirates hijacked the boat at night while the security team was sleeping. The pirates then took the boat and hostages to Calula village. After they unloaded the security team, the pirates moved the boat to the Garacad area. They planning to use it as a mothership in the coming days. We are requesting help from Puntland, and urge the international navies to attack and rescue this boat," Mr. Dheere told Somalia Report.

Pirates in Bari region also confirmed the attack. Read more.

West Africa

With piracy off West Africa now running rampant, Nigeria’s leading opposition party wonders why Nigerian government concessions maritime surveillance to an alleged former warlord - Shiptalk.

The Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN) has raised an alarm over the plan by the federal government to hand over the nation’s maritime security to a private firm owned by an ex-militant warlord, wondering whether this is part of the agenda being pursued in recent times by a group that has been championing parochial nationalism in the wake of the fuel subsidy debate.

In a statement issued in Lagos on Sunday by its National Publicity Secretary, Alhaji Lai Mohammed, the party queried the rationale behind the memo that was presented to the Federal Executive Council this month, seeking the council’s approval for a so-called strategic concessioning partnership between NIMASA and Global West Vessel Specialist Agency (GWVSL) ”to enforce regulatory compliance and surveillance of the entire Nigerian Maritime Domain”.

The action raises more serious concern when viewed against the background of the government’s decision to withdraw a bill before the National Assembly, that would have created a Maritime Security Agency (MASECA) to carry out the same functions now being outsourced to a private firm under a suspicious concessioning plan.

”Let us say here that while there is nothing wrong in the use of concessions to provide and maintain infrastructure, it is totally unacceptable – even unprecedented especially in a fragile federation as ours – for any government to hand over the security of its entire maritime domain to a private firm. It is unconscionable that a decision that will have far-reaching implications for trade, security, ports and shipping will be taken so lightly, without a rigorous national debate. Read more.

Pirates in Court

Fourteen Somali pirates and three Yemeni fishermen captured off the Saurashtra coast last year have been released by Gujarat Police, says Zee News.

They were captured from Nadel, a small port in Junagadh district, in June 2011. The pirates and fishermen were set free yesterday after the State Government withdrew cases filed against them, J M Sakhanpara, Public Prosecutor, said on Saturday by phone.

R M Italiya, Chief Judicial Magistrate, ordered their release following the Government's decision, he said. The decision came after the Mumbai-based Consulate General of Yemen took up the matter with the Government of India and told them that the arrested Yemeni nationals were genuine fishermen whose boat '144 AL Badr-2 was seized by 14 Somali pirates.

After communication from the Consulate General's office, the Centre wrote to Gujarat Government asking it to withdraw the cases, Sanjar V Kadri, defence lawyer for Yemeni nationals, said.

The boat with 17 persons on board - 14 Somalis and three Yemenis - was seized by the police on June 22 last year for illegally entering Indian waters. Its occupants were arrested under various provisions of Indian Passport Act and Maritime Zone Act, 1981, among others.

Police believed the boat had exhausted fuel and drifted towards the Saurashtra coast in high tide. The pirates were released since nothing incriminating had been recovered from their possession during interrogation by various security agencies, police sources said.

A group of Somali suspected pirates were in jail in Spain Saturday pending trial following an attack on a Spanish warship, authorities said - MSN Finance.

The group of six men arrived in the country late Friday after they were arrested off the Somali coast January 12.

Spanish navy officials say the men had opened fire at the support-and-combat vessel Patino, which was taking part in a European Union security mission.

A high court judge on Saturday ordered five to be detained ahead of their trial. The sixth remained in hospital for treatment of foot wounds, though he too was expected to be placed in custody, officials said.

The men are charged with several crimes including attempted piracy and disobeying a warship. A trial date was not immediately set.

The five who were in court all denied having attacked the Spanish warship with grenades and assault rifles, insisting instead they were starving fishermen who had approached the Patino for help after spending three weeks without eating.

When the court was shown a military video of the men allegedly throwing weapons overboard, the Somalis said they were merely dumping garbage bags into the sea.

The Patino operates under the EU's Operation Atalanta, a multinational mission to protect ships in the perilous shipping route off the coast of Somalia, where hundreds of seamen have been taken hostage.

The Patino eventually returned fire against the Somalis, who said another in their group was killed.

A federal judge has ruled that a Somali man's statements that he had been asked to negotiate the release of four American hostages who were later shot and killed can be heard during his piracy trial in a Virginia courtroom - The Republic.

U.S. District Judge Robert Doumar wrote Monday that Shibin voluntarily spoke with FBI agents on the plane and that he understood that he was waiving his rights each time he spoke with them.

Mohammad Saaili Shibin's attorney wanted the comments suppressed because they were made aboard a government airplane en route from Africa to Virginia after Shibin had requested an attorney.

U.S. District Judge Robert Doumar wrote Monday that Shibin voluntarily spoke with FBI agents on the plane and that he understood that he was waiving his rights each time he spoke with them. Shibin is multi-lingual.

Among other things, Shibin said he knew one of the pirates aboard the Quest and that he had negotiated the ransom of a hijacked German ship.

Courts could be set up to cope with the growing numbers of Somali bandits captured on the high seas - Express.

The move comes as the shipping industry increases calls for more successful prosecutions to act as a deterrent to piracy.

While the number of foiled ocean raids is increasing, the level of prosecutions is not.

Countries such as Kenya and the Seychelles are struggling to cope with the pressures being placed on their prison system from pirates.

There are more than 1,000 pirates incarcerated across the world, chiefly in the nations surrounding the Indian Ocean and Gulf of Aden.

Britain is notorious for its failure to prosecute those caught by the Royal Navy. In contrast, in the year to April 2011, 850 pirates were prosecuted by 17 countries including France, Germany, Spain and the US.

In UK Parliament, Mr Gregory Campbell asked the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what assurances he has sought that (a) the Somali pirates captured by the Royal Navy in January 2012 and Somali pirates captured in future military actions will be subject to a rigorous prosecution process to deter others from engaging in similar actions - Parliament.

In response, Alistair Burt said every encounter with suspected pirates is treated seriously and in each case the Royal Navy will carry out detailed analysis of all the physical evidence and witness statements. If there is sufficient evidence on which to be reasonably confident of achieving a successful prosecution we will make every effort to secure the transfer of suspected pirates for prosecution in the region: it remains our priority to give real support to the countries in the region to deal with the problem of piracy themselves and to deter any engagement with piracy whatsoever. To that end, we are leading international work to build penal, judicial and law enforcement capacities in the region and to tackle the root causes of piracy on land.

The prosecutor in Germany's first piracy trial in 400 years demanded prison terms Wednesday for 10 Somalis accused of hijacking a Hamburg-registered ship off the Horn of Africa, an official said, reports Expatica.

The 10 defendants, three of whom are being prosecuted as minors because they say they were under 18 at the time of the alleged offence, face between four and 11 and a half years in prison, a court spokesman said.

Prosecutors allege the group, who went on trial in the northern German port city of Hamburg 14 months ago, took over the container ship Taipan off the Somali coast on April 5, 2010.

The Taipan's 15-strong crew avoided capture by taking refuge in a so-called "panic room" hidden within the ship, and the gang was arrested by the Dutch navy several hours later.

Defence lawyers at the opening of the trial issued a statement blaming political unrest in Somalia and over-fishing off its waters by western nations as the real causes of piracy in the region.

According to prosecutors, the accused, armed with automatic rifles and rocket propelled grenade launchers, boarded the Taipan after closing in on it with two speed boats dropped off by a pirate "mother-ship".

The accused allegedly opened fire at the ship, and one grenade was fired close to the bridge, the prosecution said.

It is not known when a verdict is likely, due to the number of defence pleas.

The Harper government has wanted the navy to play a bigger role in battling Somali pirates in the waters off East Africa, but has been stymied about what to do with potential prisoners, documents reveal, says CTV Winnipeg.

The international effort to contain the pirating of commercial shipping in the Gulf of Aden and beyond is something Canada "strongly supports" and it provides the perfect, low-risk venue for the country to showcase its military ability.

A series of briefing notes, obtained by The Canadian Press under Access to Information from Defence Minister Peter MacKay's office and the chief of maritime staff, show the eagerness over the last two years to take on a renewed mission.

But the enthusiasm is tempered by the reality that once caught, there's no place to try pirates.

"While international law provides that any state may take jurisdiction over piracy in international water, counter-piracy efforts off the coast of Somalia continue to be hampered by a lack of authority in domestic laws, as well as by questions concerning jurisdiction over apprehended individuals suspected of piracy and related crimes," said Nov. 3, 2010 memo to Robert Fonberg, the deputy defence minister.

Aside from the legalities, there is also a hard political reality.

Canada's land forces grappled with the politically-explosive detainee controversy during the Afghanistan combat mission.

The last time a Canadian warship captured pirates in April 2009, it was forced to release them because of the jurisdictional void. Documents show the government was chastened and federal bureaucrats struggled to address what they termed the "catch-and-release conundrum" of Somali pirates.

Vice-Admiral Paul Maddison, the head of the Royal Canadian Navy, said the problem has yet to be solved.

"Different nations are doing different things here," he said in a recent interview with The Canadian Press. "And I don't think we're going to see a burning desire for an international consensus on a new international legal regime in terms of detention."

That may be a bit of an understatement. Read more.

Private Security

Decatur Maritime Security announces plan to relocate its 82 ft. Patrol vessel the "Challenger" to the west coast of Africa to begin conducting Vessel protection and anti-piracy operations. A clear indicator of the shift in focus to West Africa?

International Response

Piracy off the coast of Somalia can be eradicated according to the new Secretary-General of the UN’s International Maritime Organization (IMO), reports UN Radio.

Around 200 seafarers are still being held hostage by Somali pirates on eleven ships off the coast of Somalia. But the number of successful attacks has dropped.

IMO chief, Koji Sekimizu, says the pirates can be defeated.

“We have seen good signs of the reduction in incidents. With the effort of the United Nations, I’m sure we can eradicate this menace of piracy off the coast of Somalia.” Listen to the podcast - Duration: 16”.

The International Maritime Organisation’s (IMO) Secretary-General Koji Sekimizu met UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on Friday, 20 January 2012, at the UN Headquarters in New York to discuss matters related to the IMO’s work and cooperation between the UN and the IMO to combat Somalia-based piracy - Handy Shipping Guide.

Secretary-Generals Koji Sekimizu (Left) and Ban Ki-moon

The meeting followed the endorsement of the IMO’s work in this area in a recent report in which the UN Secretary-General encouraged UN Member States and multinational organizations to consider how they could contribute further to address the root causes of piracy, including through developing land-based initiatives to strengthen Somali and regional maritime and law enforcement capacity.

Mr. Ban agreed with the view of Mr. Sekimizu that capacity building in Somalia and neighbouring countries should be enhanced through cooperation between IMO and the UN, UN specialized agencies and other relevant international organizations.

Mr. Sekimizu further informed Mr. Ban about plans to organize a counter-piracy capacity-building Conference on 15 May at the IMO’s London Headquarters, as well as a high-level policy debate on arms on board to take place on the first day of the 90th session of the Maritime Safety Committee on 16 May. Mr. Sekimizu has pushed for a high-level participation to these events from the UN.

Though the UN’s concern over piracy around the Horn of Africa is welcome to shipping lines it remains to be seen if cogent and unified action can be decided and acted upon by the International Community, which at the moment seems committed to talking about the issue in a round of discussions.

When it comes to helping distressed Britons in far-away places, our Armed Forces appear to have lost their appetite for robust intervention, comments the Telegraph's Con Coughlin.

In America, President Barack Obama congratulates the team of US Navy Seals who carried out the daring rescue mission to free two hostages held in Somalia on a job well done. In Britain, we are treated to the sombre spectacle of the body of a British bodyguard murdered by his captors in Iraq finally being repatriated to his grieving family, four years after he was abducted on the streets of Baghdad.

When it comes to the perilous business of hostage-taking, the stakes have never been higher. Whether it is Islamist militants in the Shia slums of Baghdad trying to secure the freedom of their captured comrades, or opportunist Somali pirates seeking to make their fortune from the burgeoning cottage industry in ransom payments, the chances of the captives surviving their ordeal are often no better than those you’ll get from the roll of a dice. If it is simply a question of paying a ransom, as happened with Paul and Rachel Chandler, the retired Kent couple who were kidnapped from their yacht by Somali pirates in the summer of 2009 (in their case an estimated £400,000), then the priority is making sure you are dealing with the kidnappers, rather than someone claiming to act on their behalf.

Having established their bona fides, it is crucial that money changes hands without the kidnappers’ identity or whereabouts being divulged. Otherwise the transaction can go horribly wrong, and the hostages lose their lives. And, even if the money transfer goes through, there is always the possibility that the kidnappers might decide it is easier to kill the captives and dispose of their bodies, rather than run the risk of handing them over and being captured. There is rarely honour among thieves.

Launching a successful rescue, on the other hand, is a different proposition. As with paying a ransom demand, the priority is to ensure that the intelligence is accurate, that the people you are targeting are the ones holding the hostages and that the captives are still alive. After that it comes down to a basic risk assessment: what are the chances of freeing the hostages, and what are the likely risks to those conducting the mission, as well as those providing a support role, such as the helicopters? Read more.

The first clarification is the recognition that Somalia was not only a failed state but it has been sliding backwards for the last 20 years and the second clarification is related to the UK’s commitment to the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Somalia by inviting Somaliland to the Conference as part of Somalia’s problem - Sunatimes.

The London Conference on Somalia (LCS), planned to take place on 23rd February 2012, should finally articulate the unified determination and commitment of the key international actors on the formation of sovereign and effective governance in Somalia so that all corollary problems can be taken care off. Otherwise, the conference would be one day fanfare for international bureaucrats. Any attempt of repackaging the current political and security narratives and strategies propounded by the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD), African Mission for Somalia (AMISOM), the United Nations political Office for Somalia (UNPOS), and the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia (TFG) will nurture a culture of political demagoguery, mafia style governance and insecurity to the disservice of the Somali people and the International community. Fighting terrorism and piracy must be primarily an integral part of the Somali government responsibilities.

The mere announcement of the LCS has raised both the expectations of the Somali people for the unexpected appearance of special savior for Somalia on one side and the suspicion of the neighboring and regional countries as well as the regional and international organizations controlling and administering Somalia on the other side. Ethiopia did not hide its irritation and told bluntly to US delegation that the ‘proliferation of initiatives’ outside IGAD should be stopped. The truth is the Somali plight shows that the strategies of military intervention, political opportunism and exploitation of social grievances pursued in the last 10 years have deepened the Somali political and humanitarian crisis and multiplied the threats to the international security. According to UN Monitoring report S/2011/433, the extremist group Al Shabab has expanded its influence beyond the Horn of Africa region to the point of affecting Nigeria in less than 3 years. The needed action is not step-change, but completely new policy direction and approach for putting Somalia under effective government. The international community should help and allow the Somali people to make their collective decisions freely, democratically and consciously. Read more.

Southern Africa has strengthened security in its coastal areas as the tide of maritime piracy treks south and threatens trade along the Mozambique Channel, comments AllAfrica.com.

As Somali pirates venture southwards in the Indian Ocean where they have attacked or seized commercial vessels since 2005, Southern African Development Community (SADC) member states are taking steps to confront the growing problem that has confronted the shipping industry over the past few years.

The capture of a Somali pirate "mother ship" north of Madagascar last year has highlighted the increasing threat of piracy in the Mozambique Channel and its implications for peace and security as well as trade within SADC.

Located between Madagascar on the east and Mozambique on the west, the Mozambique Channel forms an important trade route from southern Africa and the South Atlantic to and from the Indian Ocean.

The Channel is a strategic trade route for SADC, carrying more than half of the region's merchandise exports and imports.

As a result of the large volume of SADC's goods that pass through the 2,400 kilometre-long Channel, the threat posed by Somali pirates as they move south in search of easier hunting grounds is of serious concern to the region. Read more.

The European Union Foreign Affairs Council meeting on Monday agreed to activate the EU Operations Center for the Horn of Africa, says RTT News.

This is subject to a EU Council Decision to be adopted as soon as possible, the European Council said in a statement.

The Operations Center will provide direct support to the Civilian Operations Commander for the operational planning and conduct of the RMCB Mission; provide support to the EUTM Mission Commander and enhance strategic coordination between the Mission and other CSDP actions in the Horn of Africa; strengthen civ-mil synergies; liaise with Operation Atalanta; and facilitate interaction between the mission/operations and the Brussels-based structures.

The EU is currently conducting two military operations - EUNAVFOR Atalanta and EUTM Somalia - and has commenced operational planning to launch a civilian mission to strengthen regional maritime capacities in Somalia and in the wider Horn of Africa region. The simultaneous conduct of three CSDP actions in the region will require an enhanced level of coordination and interaction, including between military and civilian actors. The activation of the Operations Center will contribute to reinforcing the EU's comprehensive approach that mobilizes the different tools at the EU's disposal and to improving the performance of the existing EU CSDP structures and of its missions and operations, the Council statement added.

Over the past several years, the pirates of Somalia have enjoyed what might be called a following wind. They operate in a country where government authority is weak and in many areas non-existent. They have the longest coastline of any African country to exploit (3,300 kms), and some of the world’s busiest sea-lanes within easy reach. They have a ready pool of recruits, desperate for a share of the millions that they garner from ransoming merchant ships and their crews. And they have had the time and space to get better at piracy, obtaining faster boats and establishing onshore bases – mostly in northern Somalia. CNN Security Blog

But piracy in Somalia, and the associated abductions, just may have seen its heyday. In the view of John Steed, former head of the UN Counter Piracy unit, Tuesday’s rescue is “potentially a turning point. The international community is saying enough is enough, and the Somali government and regional administration realize that piracy is preventing them from receiving the aid and support their people need.”

Tim Hart of Maritime and Underwater Security Consultants, which is based in the U.K., concurs. “This U.S. Special Forces operation will send a clear message to pirate gangs that states are prepared to take a more robust approach to their actions,” he told CNN.

But that also brings a new element of risk, he says. “When hostages are held onshore, pirates will move captives frequently, sometimes daily, fearing such a raid. The gangs will be concerned of similar attacks and will guard their hostages more closely and aggressively.” Read more.

On Wednesday, the now-famous SEAL Team Six conducted another high-profile operation, rescuing two hostages in Somalia. Ryan Zinke, a politician and former Team Six commander, says as the military and conflicts evolve, these sorts of actions will become more common - Pri.org.

Navy SEALs Training (Phot: pri.org)

Navy SEAL Team Six was responsible for killing Osama bin Laden.

They shot and killed pirates on a small boat a great distance away, in order to rescue hostages. And on Wednesday, the team, more properly known as the U.S. Naval Special Warfare Development Group, added to its legend by swooping in on a Somali pirate den and rescuing two hostages, an American and a Dane. In the process, they killed nine pirates without losing the life of a single SEAL or hostage.

Ryan Zinke, a Montana state senator and former member of SEAL Team Six, said these sort of raids may be the future of the American military around the world.

"The idea is to make pirates, Al Qaeda, anybody operating in the lawless territory of Somalia, feel like there is no safe territory," Zinke said. "Even if you're on land, you're not necessarily safe."

Zinke said he thinks these sorts of operations are perfect for the SEALs and will become more important, though he's not so excited about an individual team being identified as being behind the operation.

"I think U.S. special operations is the right term to use," Zinke said. Read more

Parliament voted yesterday to extend by a year the Turkish Navy’s involvement in an international anti-piracy mission off the coast of Somalia - Hurriyet Daily News.

Turkish Navy (Phot: Hurriyet Daily News)

The earlier authorization was to expire Feb. 10. The Turkish Navy has been part of the force in the Gulf of Aden since February 2009, tasked with escorting commercial ships and using force if necessary to seize vessels operated by pirates. Turkish frigates have, on several occasions, intercepted skiffs and captured pirates.

It was the 34th time Parliament authorized the government to send armed forces abroad since 1950.

Piracy Costs

Mediterranean Shipping Co. said it will put a new piracy surcharge into effect on containers it transports between ports in South Africa and East Africa beginning in March - Journal of Commerce.

The Geneva-based carrier said it is implementing the surcharge because “piracy activities are becoming more and more aggressive, consequently the insurance costs on the vessels to the region have become prohibitive.” MSC said the increasing incidence of hijacking has forced it to improve the means of defense against piracy, including special routes and extra high speed to bypass the area.

It will increase its piracy risk surcharge by $100 per 20-foot equivalent unit to $230 per TEU on cargo carried from and to South Africa to and from East Africa, including the ports of Dar Es Salaam, Tanga, Zanzibar, Mombasa and Nacala.

The new piracy risk surcharge will be effective on March 2 with the departure of MSC Jasmine from Durban that same day, and the departure of MSC Rickmers from Nacala. MSC has already increased the freight rate on shipments between east and South Africa by $300 per TEU as of Feb. 5 because of what it called “various local problems” that were causing its vessels to experience “a major increase in costs.”’

Maritime piracy is at an all-time high, and it is costing businesses and ultimately consumers. Watchdog group the International Maritime Bureau reports that worldwide pirate attacks in the first nine months of 2011 reached a record high of 352 attacks and involved 625 people being taken hostage, The Atlantic.

Maritime Piracy All-time High - (Phot: The Atlantic)

But another risk factor in maritime piracy is the cost of doing business. A report from U.K. think tank Chatham House found that the cost of re-routing ships to avoid risky waters costs companies as much as $3 billion annually, while the head of the World Shipping Council put maritime piracy's total worldwide cost to companies as high as $8 billion.

But countering this global issue has not had a clear answer, and the tactics for combating piracy - especially in the waters surrounding Somalia, where more than half of the incidences occur - is controversial.

On one hand, the shipping industry tends to view paying ransom as the most efficient way to deal with piracy. Quick payment usually results in the quick release of traumatized seafarers being held hostage, as well as the rapid release of cargo being delayed - not to mention minimizing the negative public relations impact. It can be viewed simply the cost of doing business, and a low-risk one at that, as less than 0.3 percent of ships will be hijacked, according to non-governmental organization One Earth Future, a global-governance think tank. After all, anti-ransom measures have resulted in navies around the world patrolling the waters off Somalia at a cost of $1.5 billion annually - compared with the $5 million paid into the U.N.'s anti-piracy trust fund.

But governments - which typically make paying ransoms illegal - and global policy experts urge a longer-view approach. Read more.

Seafarers' Plight

Two of the four South Korean hostages being held captive by Somali pirates are ill and suffering from stomach ailments, according to a pirate who spoke to Somalia Report.

Two of them are sick and feeling pain due to the hot climate and bad water. We are now holding the hostages in Labad, between Hobyo and Garacad, and the climate of Labad is so hot and water is not good because it is very salty and full of minerals. It is very difficult for people to adapt to this new climate so their health has been greatly affected," said a pirate from Hobyo.

The South Koreans, former crew members of MT Gemini, were moved to land after pirates released the vessel and with 21 of its crews for $6 million, but kept the four South Korean in protest of the South Korean government for the loss of life of their colleagues who were killed during a rescue raid on MT Samho Jewelry in January 2011. In December 2011, pirates demanded an additional $4 million in compensation before they would release the remaining four crew.

"The other two are in good health. Only two of them are sick, but we haven't contact any doctor. They need medical attention because now they cannot even eat anything," said the pirate. "We are human and we do care if they live, but our security is more important. We need to hold them in secure places and we can't get doctors here," he added.

New negotiations reportedly began in January of this year, but has stalled since the hostages became ill. The pirates, however, are refusing to allow the hostages access to medical care.

On January 12, the release of a chemical tanker 'Fairchem Bogey' by Somali pirates after five months in captivity has brought cheers to Indian shipping. The ship, which was seized on August 20, while on anchorage within the Salalah port limit in Oman and waiting for berthing instructions from port authorities, had an Indian crew of 21 on board - Safety4Sea.

As per local reports, pirates released the ship for a ransom estimated at $8 million (around Rs 40 crore). The ransom, as per industry estimates, may be on a higher side, given that the tanker is carrying just a partial load of methanol. But it was a small price they paid for releasing 21 Indians on board.

Another ship 'Savina Caylyn', with 17 Indian crew, hijacked on February 8, 2011, was released on December 22. All crew members have now arrived in India.

With the release of these two ships, total number of Indian crew in custody of Somali pirates on different ships has come down by more than half to 22, from the earlier 60. As per a recent communiqué by India's shipping regulator -- director general of shipping, six Indians are still on board Panama-flagged Iceberg-I (hijacked on March 29, 2010), two on board Malaysia-flagged Albedo (hijacked on November 26, 2010) and seven people on Italy-flagged Enrico Levoli (December 27,2011). In addition, seven Indian seafarers of 'Asphalt Venture' are held hostage on land.

For the ships mentioned above, we do not have any update of the ongoing negotiations with pirates. In some instances at least, owners and ship management companies have washed off their hands, and stayed away from negotiations.

While families of Indian crew keep their hopes alive, endlessly waiting for their near ones, most of them in captivity undergo the toughest moments in their life, without regular supply of food and water. For seafarers, who escape from the captivity at the end of months-long negotiations over ransom, it is a second life. And most of them vow not to go back to the sea.

The director general of shipping should intervene in each piracy attack and should join party to the negotiations with pirates, and speed up the ship's release, and not let it to the mercy of ship owners. Shipping companies and management companies operating in India should come up with a seafarer fund to finance release of ships and crew-members held in captivity for months together.

The SOS SaveOurSeafarers antipiracy campaign is looking for support from business leaders to increase international pressure on governments to take tougher action against Somali piracy, which is estimated to be costing the world economy $12 billion a year - Safety4Sea.

"These criminal gangs are holding the world economy to ransom," says Campaign Chair Giles Heimann. "The potential economic impact of the crisis is hugely disturbing given the knife edge on which the global economy is currently perched."

"Any business or organisation that conducts trade though the Suez Canal and across the Indian Ocean to the Indian sub-continent and Asia and Australasia is at risk," says Mr. Heimann. "That's about one-fifth of global trade. We feel that businesses which rely on these routes remaining safe will be keen to offer their support. They rely on the movement of manufactured goods, raw materials, food and fuel to operate."

Saying that the pirate gangs "have discovered the meaning of scalability" and that their "business model" now extends across an area of ocean twice the size of Europe, Mr. Heimann warns that there is a real risk that the Gulf of Aden, the Arabian Sea and the entire Indian Ocean could become restricted zones for shipping. Seafarers could simply refuse to sail into war-like attacks, captivity and the suffering that follows and shipowners may not put ships and crews at risk.

"Using alternative routes will play havoc with costs and there is no alternative to sailing through the area for over 40 percent of all seaborne oil which originates from the Arabian Gulf region," says Mr. Heimann

"Part of the role of business leaders is to seek opportunities and identify threats," he continues. "Shipping industry representatives are in a position to make direct contact with world business leaders. We see it as our duty to warn them of the threat to their businesses posed by severe restrictions to one fifth of the world's major sea trade routes. We hope that in turn, they will bring pressure upon their respective governments to eliminate the piracy threat."

In an interview with H.E. James Michel, President of the Republic of Seychelles, DefPro said; Only a few countries are exposed, to a similar extent, to the effects of Somali piracy as is the Republic of Seychelles. Located at the southern edge of the pirates’ main area of operation in the Indian Ocean, and dependent upon safe sea lanes, the island country finds itself in the front line of a difficult struggle against the criminal fruit of a destabilised and war-ravaged neighbourhood at the Horn of Africa.

Nicolas von Kospoth of defpro.com asked His Excellency James Michel, President of the Republic of Seychelles, to portray the country’s considerable efforts to ward off this threat and to promote the Seychelles as an anti-piracy hub for its international allies. Read the President’s statements on economic, social and political effects of piracy on the Seychelles and his hope for a more determined and effective approach to solve the problem by the international community.

defpro.com: Even as we make this interview, many captured commercial vessels remain anchored in the ports of Somali pirates and scores of captives desperately hope to be released. Mr. President, how do you assess the current development of the Somali piracy issue?

James Michel: Piracy has developed into a lucrative business model and therefore more emphasis needs to be made to target the financiers of piracy, to eliminate the criminal networks and bring to justice the main profiteers of this business.

We can fill our prisons to the brim with the Somali pirates who are at sea, but they are not the instigators, they are not earning even a drop of the vast amounts of money from the ransoms, so our efforts to capture them will not be efficient, in the overall picture, if we do not capture those who profit the most from this criminal activity. Read more.

And Finally...

Boats competing in the Volvo Ocean Race were transported onboard an armed ship again to the safe haven of the Maldives capital because of the threat of pirates along the east coast of Africa.

Dutch ship Happy Diamond was protected by barbed wire when it delivered the six-strong fleet safely to Male.

"It has been a very tense and difficult time for us, and obviously we did not want to have to take this measure," Race CEO Knut Frostad said. "But we had no option but to take our security experts' advice. Now we're just looking forward to getting back to racing."

In an unprecedented move the 38-year history of the race, boats in the race were transported in late December on an armed ship through the Indian Ocean. They completed the leg with a short sprint into Abu Dhabi in the first week of January.

More than four months ago, only team and race officials knew of the decision to use the Maldives as a safe haven. They were required to sign non-disclosure documents.

The race, which started in late October from Alicante, Spain, has already had its share of drama. The boats were forced to suspend racing four times because of broken rigging and a holed hull.

The third leg promises to be just as hazardous with the fleet racing more than 3,000 nautical miles across the Indian Ocean, through the Malacca Strait and into the South China Sea.

The fleet will face monsoon winds and long stretches of upwind sailing through rough seas. They'll dodge container ships while picking their way through some of the busiest shipping lanes.

Team Telefonica of Spain, led by co-world sailors of the year Iker Martinez and Xabi Fernandez, lead the overall standings. Camper (Spain/New Zealand) and French boat Groupama trail the leader.

Piracy Incidents

Hijack:

Gulf of Aden - Five armed pirates boarded and hijacked a Yemeni Dhow, Al Wasil, and took her eight crew members as hostage 38nm from Mukalla port, Yemen, Gulf of Aden. Pirates released five crew at Ras Hafoon and maintained control over the remaining three crew and the dhow. LATE Report (via IMB) 14 Jan.

Indian Ocean - Iranian fishing dhow, al-Khaliil, and kidnapped her crew of 19 as the vessel was fishing legally in the waters off the semi-autonomous region of Puntland, according to officials and pirates who spoke to Somalia Report this evening [Jan 25]. The vessel, which had been fishing in the area of over a month, and had the necessary permits from the Puntland government to fish in the area. As an extra layer of precaution, the Puntland government assigned a security team, made up of four armed police, to prevent a hijacking.

Unsuccessful Attacks (All Regions):

Indian Ocean - While at anchor, Duty cadet, on deck of a Malta-flagged bulk carrier, Hana, carried out a security check and when he approached the forecastle noticed the hawse pipe cover removed at 0500 LT: in position 22:14.0N - 091:44.2E, Chittagong Outer Anchorage 'A', Bangladesh. He alerted the duty officer and crew members. Cadet and 2nd Officer made a further search at the forecastle. 2nd Officer was attacked from behind and received some injuries. Robbers stole ship's stores and escaped in a waiting boat. Reported (via IMB) 21 Jan. The incident was reported to the authorities. Coast Guard and medical assistance was dispatched.

Malacca Strait - Four robbers armed with knives boarded a Marshall Island-flagged tanker, Fairchem Birdie, from the stern at 0300 LT in position 01:42.3N - 101.27.4E, Dumai inner anchorage, Indonesia. They entered the engine room and tied up the duty engineer before stealing spares and taking the duty engineer to the stern prior to disembarking into a waiting boat to escape. No injuries were sustained by the crew. Dumai Port Control was infomed. Reported (via IMB) 22 Jan.
Red Sea - Two ocean-going vessels approach Netherlands-flagged general cargo ship, MV Happy Ranger, in position 12:18N - 043:59E. Onboard security fired warning shots which resulted in the two vessels altering course and moving away. Reported (via Somalia Report) 22 Jan.

Malacca Strait - Robbers board anchored UK (Cayman Island)-flagged chemical tanker, Mid Nature, at 0610 LT Dumai inner anchorage, Indonesia. They held motor man hostage as they steal spares. Duty 3/E noticed the robbers on deck, informed duty officer who raised alarm. Crew were mustered by the Master. Local authorities were informed bia the agents. Robbers then escape with stolen spares. Reported (via IMB) 23 Jan.
Indian Ocean - Two skiffs with five pirates in each skiff chased / approached a Bahamas-flagged chemical tanker, Papillon, at 1121 LT: in position 06:41S – 039:20E, 7.7nm off Dar Es Salaam (out of Port Limit), Tanzania. Vessel enforced anti piracy measures, increased speed, deployed security team. When skiffs approached closer to the vessel, security team fired warning flares. the skiffs aborted the attempt and moved away. Authorities not informed at the time. Reported (via IMB) 23 Jan.
Red Sea - An underway Liberia-flagged bulk carrier, Conti Lapislazuli, with onboard security team reported that two skiffs were approaching the vessel at 0730 UTC: in position 13:12.4N - 043:01.85E, Bab al Mandeb. There were a total of seven skiffs in the vicinity. The 1st skiff had six pirates armed with AK47 and 2nd skiff had four pirates but could not distinguish if they had weapons. The vessel enforced anti piracy measures, standby fire hoses and made evasive manoeuvres. Two armed guards were placed on starboard and port bridge wings. Upon sighting the armed guards the skiffs aborted the attack and moved away. Vessel called all statins via VHF Channel 16. Reported (via IMB) 24 Jan.
Indian Ocean - Ten robbers boarded an anchored Antigua & Barbuda-flagged general cargo ship, Annette, at 0100 LT: Kandla Anchorage, India. They stole ships' stores and escaped unnoticed Reported (via IMB) 25 Jan.
Gulf of Aden - Iranian fishing dhow, al-Khaliil, with 19 Iranian crew hijacked off Puntland, Somalia, despite Puntland assigned security team (4 police) onboard. Reported (via Somalia Report) 25 Jan.

South America (P) - Three suspected armed pirates in black military uniforms chased a Singapore-flagged container ship, NYK Joanna, underway in a white hulled speed boat at 2335 UTC: in position 02:26N - 079:18W: 45nm off Tumaco, Colombia. The vessel increased speed, made evasive manoeuvres and crew mustered. The boat aborted the attempt and moved away after chasing the vessel for 45 minutes. Reported (via IMB) 26 Jan.

South America (A) - Four robbers in a small unlit boat approached an anchored Liberia-flagged bulk carrier, Eagle Strait, at 0055 LT: in position 00:02.80N – 050:59.70W, Macapa anchorage, Amazon river, Brazil. The deck watch crew noticed the robbers climbing up the anchor chain and trying to remove the hawse pipe cover and informed the bridge. OOW immediately raised the alarm and activated the fire pump to start anchor wash. The robbers aborted the boarding and escaped in their boat. Port control and ships in the vicinity were informed. Reported (via IMB) 27 Jan.
South China Sea - Eight robbers armed with long knives boarded an anchored UK (Gibraltar)-flagged container ship, Istrian Express, at 2230 LT: Posn: 20:38.4N – 106:53.0E, Haiphong anchorage, Vietnam. They took the duty A/B hostage, forced him into the bosun store and tied him up. The robbers stole ship stores and escaped. As the A/B was not answering calls on the walkie talkie a search party was sent forward and rescued. Master tried to contact Haiphong port control but received no response. Reported (via IMB) 27 Jan.
South China Sea - Four robbers armed with a gun and knives boarded an anchored Singapore-flagged bulk carrier, MP Panamax 5, during cargo operations at 0440 LT: Adang Bay Anchorage, Indonesia. The robbers tried to attack the duty A/B, who managed to escape and inform the 2/O. Alarm raised and all crew mustered and proceeded towards the robbers. The robbers fired four shots and escaped with ship stores. No injuries to crew. Incident reported to pilot station. Reported (via IMB) 28 Jan.

EUNAVFOR figures state 5 vessels and an estimated 155 hostages held captive (Updated 16 Jan). Somalia Report indicates 222 hostages held from captured vessels with a further 26 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 248 hostages. See the latest report. The latest report from IMB states 9 ships and 151 crew held. UKMTO figures state 9 ships and 173 hostages in captivity.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity

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We Are Safe - No Need To Report Pirate Incidents?

Sun, 29 Jan 2012 20:57:37 UTC

“We Are Safe”

Piracy attacks have reached an all-time high. The success rate in hijacking vessels, however, has dropped significantly during 2011. Attributed to three main causes; Best Management Practices (BMP), intensified naval actions and the use of armed guards on ships; the recent US Navy SEALs rescue operation has underscored the growing determination to halt piracy, particularly off the Somali coast. But we’re not there yet.

Measures

The measures taken to protect commercial shipping have been as varied, as expensive and at times, as outlandish, as much as they have been successful. There are numerous factors to be considered in planning self-protection measures (SPM) and route planning which requires sufficient lead-in time to ensure ISPS Code requirements and Flag State regulations, for instance, are met.

As the threat of piracy has increased, so too has the maritime security industry – yes, its large enough to be considered an industry - and the demand for the service has burgeoned beyond anyone’s expectations. They are, largely (depending upon government or Flag State guidance), now part of the permissible SPM.

Privately Contracted Armed Security

The carriage of armed guards on ships is, in the view of many, an additional SPM and not in itself the answer to halting pirate attacks. They are one of many ‘layers of defence’ for merchant ships. Along with BMP, deterrent technology and probably the use of a citadel, employment of armed guards is a supplemental measure in high risk areas (HRA).

The mantra “no merchant ship with armed guards has been taken”, is intoned at conferences, seminars, in press comments, on social media networks, and when engaging with prospective clients. Whilst it has, undoubtedly, proved the case so far, there can never be an absolute guarantee that it will remain so. Private Contracted Armed Security Personnel (PCASP) companies are certainly not going to place such a codicil in any contract.

Insurance incentives include the contracting of PCASP, making the employment of armed guards a more attractive option than the adoption of BMP – which is only ‘strongly recommended’ – or any standardised technological measures. Even the implementation of an appropriately sited and resourced ‘safe room’, or citadel, may be dismissed as part of the SPM when PCASP are embarked. Clearly, multi-layered defence is a concept too far, or too expensive, for many.

Reporting

However, there is yet another of those unforeseen consequences in employing armed guards on merchant shipping; one that causes some consternation amongst maritime reporting authorities, and which decreases the overall situational awareness in HRA. It is something that ultimately weakens the collective security and safety of ships and sailors.

The failure to report an incident in HRA, whether an attack or a suspicious approach, has an effect that is not immediately visible to the ship carrying armed guards which has sighted, or been made to carry out evasive measures. Yes, once again, a merchant ship with armed guards has not been taken, but the possibility of a skiff(s) breaking off an approach on one merchant vessel, and to subsequently attack another which may not be as well protected (see Enrico Ievoli), leaves other ships, embarked armed guards and military authorities in the situational awareness darkness.

Importantly, the lack of reporting leaves other more vulnerable ships without the opportunity for naval units to investigate an approach at the earliest opportunity, or to respond to an attack in a timely manner.

Information

Despite the call for greater information sharing to enhance cooperation, coordination and collaboration, as stated by the IMO in the 2011 campaign, ‘Piracy: orchestrating the response’; the information, or intelligence, is gathered and recorded for the sole use of the PCASP, maybe to demonstrate to their clients the effectiveness of their operation. Whilst the military authorities, also gathering information, will share data with selected partner nations to varying degrees, but not necessarily with PCASP – in order not to seem to endorse any one company. It seems that the matter of immediate situational awareness is privy only to the select few.

In the meantime, Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) has witnessed myriad systems to enhance the ability to gather, collate and, not always, disseminate information to improve shipping security, but it cannot be considered effective if the data does not reach the audience it is meant to support.

The reasoning that OPSEC and/or INFOSEC are imperative when dealing with information in HRA is not as straightforward as many would believe. Agreed, long-term planning, SPM and ship routing should have OPSEC/INFOSEC applied, but the immediacy of an initial suspect approach or an attack has little to suggest it should not be reported. When it is clear that alarms and mayday calls are made, including in the clear via VHF Channel 16 in the HRA, those in the immediate vicinity are fully aware of the incident. Not to forget the availability of Automated Identification System (AIS). What is not always apparent is whether the authorities have been made aware, or whether any follow on action has been afforded.

Perception

The perception that “We are safe” in any ship transiting HRA, simply due to the fact they have armed guards embarked, is flawed. No single measure can support such an assertion. No PCASP can provide such a guarantee. No military authority can appropriately manage and respond to any pirate activity without receiving the contact reports from all those actors within the HRA. MDA cannot be achieved without all concerned sharing information, not analysis, that is timely and accurate.

“We are safe” could easily become “We need help!”

OCEANUSLive.org

Information, Security, Safety; Shared

Submitted by Team@oceanuslive.org

News: US Navy SEALs Daring Raid Rescues Hostages

Wed, 25 Jan 2012 09:03:59 UTC

US Navy SEALs Rescue Hostages Held by Somali Pirates

Source: World News MSNBC.com

Jessica Buchanan & Poul Thisted Rescued (Pic: SR)

In a daring nighttime raid Tuesday, U.S. Navy SEALs rescued two hostages, including one American, who were being held by kidnappers in Somalia, U.S. officials tell NBC News.

American Jessica Buchanan, 32, and a 60-year-old Dane, Poul Thisted, were working for a Danish relief organization in northern Somalia when they were kidnapped last October. U.S. officials described their kidnappers as heavily armed common criminals with no known ties to any organized militant group.

According to the U.S. officials, two teams of Navy SEALs, said to be from the same team that was involved in the death of Osama Bin Laden, landed by helicopter near the compound where the two hostages were being held. As the SEALS approached the compound on foot gunfire broke out, the U.S. officials said, and several of the militants were reportedly killed. There is no word that any of the Americans were wounded.The SEALs gathered up Buchanan and Thisted, loaded them onto the helicopters and flew them to safety at an undisclosed location. The two hostages were not injured during the rescue operation and are reported to be in relatively good condition.

The two had been working for the Danish Refugee Council on a demining project in northern Somalia. The humanitarian group has been providing relief to some 450,000 refugees in the Somalia-Kenya border region.

The aid workers' security guards, hired to protect them, were alleged to have colluded with pirate gangs to arrange the kidnapping.

The timing of Wednesday’s raid may have been made more urgent by a medical condition.

The Danish Refugee Council, the pair's employers, had been trying without success to win the hostages' release through talks with Somali elders.

“One of the hostages has a disease that was very serious and that had to be solved,” Villy Soevndal, Denmark's foreign minister, told the country’s TV2 channel, without giving more details.

News reports at the time said the two were kidnapped Oct. 25 along with a Somali colleague when their three-car convoy was stopped on the way to an airport. A self-proclaimed Somali pirate said they had been kidnapped for ransom by pirates stymied by Western nations' efforts to stop the seizure of ships off the coast. The fate of the Somali colleague was unclear.

The first indication of the rescue operation came Tuesday night in Washington from President Barack Obama himself.

As the president entered the House chambers to give his State of the Union Speech, he pointed to Defense Secretary Leon Panetta standing in the crowd and said, "Leon. Good job tonight. Good job tonight." The president made no mention of the hostage rescue, but finished his speech with a reference to the killing of Osama bin Laden last May in a similar operation to the one conducted by Navy SEALs Tuesday night.

President Obama pointed at Defense Secretary Leon Panetta in the crowd and said, "Good job tonight." According to the White House, President Obama had green lit the operation on Monday. Rescue operations require detailed ground intelligence and rehearsal before being launched, usually around the time that the targets are in their deepest sleep. In Somalia, many pirates are still up chewing khat at that hour, a factor that may have led to the high body count during the rescue, says Somalia Report.

The White House issued an official press release; "Thanks to the extraordinary courage and capabilities of our Special Operations forces, yesterday Jessica Buchanan was rescued and she is on her way home. As commander in chief, I could not be prouder of the troops who carried out this mission, and the dedicated professionals who supported their efforts.... The United States will not tolerate the abduction of our people, and will spare no effort to secure the safety of our citizens and to bring their captors to justice. This is yet another message to the world that the United States of America will stand strongly against any threats to our people."

While U.S. and French forces have intervened to rescue pirate hostages at sea, attacks on pirate bases are very rare. The only U.S. military base in Africa, and France's largest on the continent, are both in neighboring Djibouti.

Galmudug President Mohamed Ahmed Alim told Reuters nine pirates were killed and five captured during the rescue operation near the pirate haven of Haradheere.

Alim was speaking from Hobyo, another pirate base north of Haradheere, where he said he was negotiating the release of an American journalist seized Saturday, also from Galkayo.

"About 12 U.S. helicopters are now at Galkayo. We thank the U.S. Pirates have spoilt the whole region's peace and ethics. They are mafia," Alim said, according to Reuters.

OCEANUSLive.org

Information, Security, Safety; Shared

Submitted by Team@oceanuslive.org

Weekly Piracy Report

Sun, 22 Jan 2012 12:03:12 UTC

Under pressure. Counter piracy forces continue to force the piracy issue by deterring mothership operations. More pirates detained and Puntland accelerates efforts. Hijack story debunked but aid workers remain pawns. Piracy figures show a decline but warnings of greater violence. No room at the court for pirates in the region as pirate negotiator trials in US continue, but free legal aid in India. IMO Sec Gen vows to reduce piracy as GCC claims they should resolve the issue. Lack of government-led private maritime security regulation causes confusion and uncertainty. Analysis questions Chatham House study. Grim picture of 'warrior' pirates roaming the seas helps understand modus operandi.

More Royal Navy success in capturing pirates as IMB annual report shows a decline in pirate successes in 2011. German warship, Luebeck, follows RFA Fort Victoria in deterring pirates on motherships, including forcing the Enrico Ievoli to return towards Somalia instead of commencing mothership operations. The two-fold success of this particular task is demonstrated by the fact that a Dutch vessel protection detachment had thwarted an attack, and with coordination, the Indian dhow was disrupted the following day.

The unfortunate consequence of the recent successful capture of so many pirates, 70 suspected pirates in January alone, is the insufficient capacity of the regional prisons to take them, leading to the possibility of many being released. Spain has chosen to prosecute the pirates that had attacked their EU warship last week.

Puntland, after detaining more pirates, kicks off its largest anti-piracy campaign to date with the newly establish Maritime Police Force. The matter of holding pirates awaiting prosecution is becoming a burden which greatly affects the legal system, despite the Somali Ambassador to the UN stating that there are courts in Somalia capable of trying pirates as opposed to those being tried in other countries. The Ambassador won't appear at a court hearing for a Somali man charged with piracy, despite being issued a subpoena to testify in the U.S.

Whilst India is providing free legal aid to 120 pirates held in their jails in order to get them through fast track court. The Somalia government had not responded to the call for them to provide legal aid

A recent much-repeated story of an Iranian vessel having been hijacked in the region has proven, by all accounts, not have actually occurred. Even pirate sources deny knowledge of an actual hijacking. Oddly enough, not one of the piracy reporting authorities made any comment on the non-incident.

The aid workers held by pirates on MV Albedo are caught up in a situation between pirate gangs. If the Albedo is successfully ransomed before the aid workers are ransomed, the fear of military intervention, in the event of transferring the hostages to another location, being uppermost in their minds.

The latest piracy figures show a distinct decline in attacks for the first in time in 4 years. However, the potential for pirates to employ greater violence to reassert their criminal activities cannot be discounted. The success of the naval forces and the ship security measures have made an impact, but whether it can be sustained if another question. In the meantime, the newly-appointed IMO Secretary General vows to reduce piracy cases worldwide.

A study by a UK think tank organisation, that came out last week, stating that Somali piracy has boosted the economy in Puntland has attracted much analysis and comment from many quarters. The reliability of the assumptions is questioned and economic growth has ben put down to the efforts of the authorities and businesses in the region.

A UK maritime lawyer is unfortunately caught in the middle of accusations that the UK government has privately approved millions of pounds of payments to Somali pirates. Permitting payment of ransoms, however, is not quite the same as negotiating terms with pirates. The UK government is also accused of creating confusion and uncertainty for the burgeoning maritime security companies by failing to provide appropriate regulatory standards.

A Gulf State newspaper claims that the problem of piracy will continue for another 10 years, but the problem is one that should be resolved by the Gulf States themselves.

The recent success in operations to release vessels and crew from Somali pirates at sea has given the naval forces some insight into the way the pirate action groups work. The appalling conditions on some of the recaptured vessels raises questions about how and where they were managing to replenish their stocks; calling themselves 'warriors' in equating themselves to the forces raises eyebrows too.

Regional Activity

East Africa

Indian dhow used as mothership

After three days of persistent pressure, FGS Luebeck has forced Somali pirates to release an Indian dhow with 15 Indian mariners held as hostages - OCEANUSLive.

On the 17 January 2012 the EU NAVFOR warship FGS Luebeck re-located an Indian registered dhow which had been used as pirate mother-ship involved in the attack on MV Flintstone early the same day. A Dutch Vessel Protection Detachment (VPD) stationed on the Dutch-registered civilian fall-pipe vessel had repelled the attack following a gun-fight and caused the attack skiffs to retreat back to the pirate mother ship with injuries to the suspected pirates. Read more.

Police from Somalia's semi-autonomous region of Puntland, with the support of civilians in Garacad, seized 13 pirates and their equipment, and thwarted a new hijacking plan during anti-piracy operations in Garacad area, according to senior officials who spoke to Somalia Report.

Previous anti-piracy operations were launched in the area between Garacad and Dhinooda, but police seized the pirates and two speed boats near Garacad area today, according to officials.

"Yes, during the operations police seized 13 pirates and their equipment. The pirates were preparing new operations to hijack vessels and the police and civilians worked together to arrest them," Abdikarim Kayton, the chairman of Jariban district where Garacad village is located told Somalia Report by phone.

"These pirates tried to return to their operations in Garacad village area after we removed them last month and Despite Puntland's reports that they have rid the area of pirates, pirates are now holding a number of vessels in Garacad including MT Liquid Velvet and Enrico Ievoli which pirates are holding off Dhinooda, near Garacad.
The 13 newly arrested pirates will join hundreds of others currently being held in jails in Garacad and Jariban district waiting to be tried by the court.

"We are now holding 250 pirates in Garacad and Jariban jails. These pirates were seized during anti-piracy operations over the few last months and still they are waiting to be brought up on charges. A number of them were released after further investigation," the chairman told Somalia Report.

Bosaso Prison (Photo: Somalia Report)

"These prisoners will be presented to the court soon, and the government will continue their anti-piracy operations," Kayton added.
Although the Puntland officials claimed that they have the power to hold these prisoners in jails until they go to court, local elders told the local media that the government is quickly losing support since the prisoners are taking so long to process through the court system.

Elders suggested that Puntland officials to transfer some of the pirates to Garowe and Bosaso jails to ease the burden on the Garacad and Jariban jails and to bring the prisoners before the court more quickly.

Somalia's semi-autonomous region of Puntland accelerated their efforts to fight against pirates and human smugglers by sending their newly establish Puntland Marine Police Force (PMPF) to Qaw village, 30 km west of the port of Bosaso. Officials told Somalia Report that the deployment kicks off the largest anti-piracy campaign to date in Puntland's coastal regions.

The mission, which commenced on 15 January, was authorized by Puntland President Farole, the Minister of Security, Mr. Khalif Isse Mudan, and the Mayor of Qaw, Mr. Abdi Rashiid Habibi, according to a press release from the PMPF.

Puntland Marine Police Force (Photo: Somalia Report)

"The PMPF is a key component of Puntland's aggressive, multi-pronged anti-piracy strategy," said Abdirizak Ahmed, Counter-Piracy Director in the Ministry of Maritime Transport, Ports and Counter-Piracy. "These activities enhance security in the region and provide much-needed humanitarian support to the people of Puntland."

The PMPF underwent a six-month training course near Bosaso airport and have been supplied with boats and trucks, according to Puntland officials.

These troops will fight pirates and those who illegally transport migrant people from Puntland to Yemen," Abdirisak Mohamed Mohamoud (Hidig), the coordinator of Puntland's maritime police.

While this group of anti-piracy forces will remain at their base in Qaw village, Mr. Hidig explained that they plan to deploy more troops to the pirate hubs.

"It's beginning now. There will be another group of maritime police that we will send to pirate bases on land, including Bargaal and Eyl. We are trying our best to fight pirates on land," he said.

Mr. Hidig would not comment on the number of troops, boats or vehicles deployed, but told Somalia Report that the Puntland government planned these anti-piracy operations in Bari region after pirates began to hijack commercial boats that were trying to make their way to Bosaso, affecting local businesses.

Puntland President Farole has been a critic of pirates and has vowed to wage an by implementing a series of security operations resulting in a number of arrests. Today, Puntland holds nearly 300 pirates in its jails. Read more.

The British Royal Navy handed over a pirated fishing vessel to the Yemen authorities today as part of its counter-piracy operations in the Indian Ocean, writes the Telegraph.

An elite team of Royal Marines stormed the fishing vessel on Friday, seizing it back from a gang of suspected Somali pirates.
The pirates are believed to have stolen the fishing vessel in order to use it as a platform for launching hijack attempts on cargo ships and tankers in the Gulf of Aden.

The return of the fishing vessel – known as a dhow – is part of the NATO crackdown on piracy in the seas around Somalia.
Captain Gerry Northwood, who is heading the counter-piracy operation on board RFA Fort Victoria, said that he was pleased to return the dhow to her Yemeni owner.

“This was a good example of Royal Navy and the Yemeni Navy working together for the common good of the local maritime community,” he said. “I was pleased that we were able to return the dhow to its rightful owner. It is important that through our cooperation with the Yemeni Navy, we reassure the local maritime community that we are able to protect their interests. They are as much the victims of Somali piracy as the larger international ships navigating through the area".

The dhow was handed over to the Yemeni navy. A spokesman said “Thank you for the dhow and thank you for everything.”
Before the return of the dhow, a marine climbed her mast to remove the Royal Navy’s White Ensign, which had flown over the dhow for the last three days. Read more.

A video of the Royal Navy capturing 13 pirates follows:

Courtesy of Defence HQ/BBC News

Dutch marines guarding a merchant vessel off the coast of Yemen have beaten off a pirate attack directed against it, the Dutch ministry of defence said. - Defence Web.

A group of Dutch marines were aboard the Flintstone, a fallpipe vessel which places rocks to protect oil and gas pipelines, when they noticed a nearby fishing vessel launch a high speed skiff at around 05:00 GMT. The crew were directed to the ship’s citadel as the skiff approached.

"The marines tried in vain to stop the fast-moving skiff, occupied by six men armed with an assortment of weapons including a rocket-propelled grenade (RPG), by firing tracers as a warning," the ministry of defence said.

After one of the pirates aimed a rocket propelled grenade at the Flintstone, the marines fired on the skiff, which turned around and rejoined the fishing vessel. "It's not excluded that there may have been casualties among the attackers," the ministry said.

The Flintstone was underway from Singapore to Malta through the Suez Canal when the attack happened, it added. The vessel was built on behalf of Netherlands-based Tideway, an offshore subsidiary for oil and gas activities of Belgium’s Dredging, Environmental and Marine Engineering (DEME) Group.

Dutch marines teams of the Vessel Protection Detachment (VPD) are in certain instances put on board merchant ships on request from the ship's owners, the defence ministry said on its website.

Last year "heavily armed" VPD teams accompanied 11 ships through pirate infested waters, it added.

The two sets of aid workers are still being held onboard the Malaysian-flagged Albedo. There has been some infighting between the two gangs holding the hostages, and the pirate commander in charge of the vessel - Somalia Report.

Negotiations for the release of the Albedo are in their final stages, and it is expected that the vessel will be released within the next month or so. The two pirate leaders holding the pairs of hostages (Mohamed Abdi Hassan Afweyne holds the MSF workers and Said Harrawo , the DDG workers) are fearful that they will be exposed to a military intervention when they transfer their captives to another location.

The much syndicated news of the hijack of an Iranian vessel last week has been debunked. Somalia Report, our partner website, has investigated the supposed hijack of the Iranian vessel, the Dayenot.

Despite initial reports that the vessel had been captured by pirates en route to an unspecified North African country, Somalia Report confirmed that no such vessel ever reached Somalia’s coastline. Pirate sources based in Garacad, Ceeldhanan and Hafun have all stated that despite rumours of the hijack within the pirate community, it has since transpired that no ship was captured.

West Africa

Pirates off West Africa are increasingly reliant on motherships as a spring-board for raids on merchant vessels, Bergen Risk solutions warns.
The trend has coincided with a trend for pirates in the region to strike further from shore, mimicking tactics used by Somali gangs in the Indian Ocean - Intermanager.

“There are now good reasons to assume that maritime criminals have extended their reach offshore Nigeria and masters/owners should take measures to counter this threat,” Bergen Risk Solutions said in an update.

It notes motherships are thought to have been involved in attacks on the 58,000-dwt Spar Rigel (built 2010) last week and the 35,100-dwt Cape Bird (built 2003), which was hijacked in October.

Arild Nodland, CEO Bergen Risk Solutions, explains the increased mothership activity off West Africa has been brewing for some time, but experts have been wary of raising unnecessary fears.

“Too many indicators are now pointing to use of staging vessels and extended reach of Nigerian pirates to ignore them,” he explained.

Cameroon has taken delivery of three new Boston Whaler patrol boats from the United States as it counters the threat of piracy and lawlessness in its waters. Cameroon’s navy evaluated the vessels at a presentation ceremony on Friday, writes Defence Web.

Officials told the Cameroon Post that the three new Boston Whalers were bought from the United States at an undisclosed cost. The purchase, according to senior officials at the Douala Naval Base, followed advice from high-ranking US marine security experts.

Commander Alain Patrick Sima, mechanical engineer at the Douala Naval Base, said that, “previously, the U.S. has helped us train personnel in various fields including the modes of operation of the pirates. They have donated equipment, including radars for surveillance. Now, we can say we are at the final phase of our war against the pirates which is the acquisition of appropriate material to boost our efforts.”

Indeed, in September 2008 Cameroon’s navy received two 7-meter Rigid Hull Inflatable Boats (RHIB) from the United States, equipped with twin 150 hp engines, a .50 cal gun mount, a GPS receiver, a VHF radio, and a transport trailer. The boats were delivered after two weeks of training between the U.S and Cameroonian armed forces on operation and basic maintenance of the boats.

Sima said that the Boston Whalers are equipped with 300 hp four-stroke Yamaha V6 outboard engines, three machineguns each, electronic navigation systems and infrared cameras for night operations.

The boats have been named Justice I, II and III. Two will be stationed at the Douala Naval Base and one will be stationed at the Kribi Naval Base, the Cameroon Post reports. Read more.

Asia/South East Asia

Piracy and armed robbery in Asian waters showed a decline of around 7% in 2011, official figures show - TradeWinds News.

Some 155 incidents were reported last year versus the 167 in 2010, according to the Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP).

Source: ReCAAP

Of these 133 were actual incidents and 22 were just attempts at piracy, the Singapore-based ReCAAP said.

There was a 36% fall in Category 2, or moderately significant incidents, from 59 in 2010 to 38 last year.

This was largely due to concerted efforts by Indian authorities and the littoral States of the South China Sea to combat piracy in their respective regions.

Hijacking and kidnapping have remained relatively consistent throughout the past five years, with 2011 being no exception.

There was seven Category 1, or very significant incidents, comprising five hijackings, one kidnapping and an armed robbery.

In the six hijacking/kidnapping incidents, all crew were rescued unharmed, and the culprits in four of the incidents arrested. All five hijacked vessels were recovered.

Of the 155 incidents reported in 2011, two-thirds of them occurred when vessels were at anchor or berth; and one-third while underway.

Those involving ships at anchor or berth were mostly petty theft involving ship stores and engine spares, and did not involve violence. Read more.

Pirates in Court

Denmark said on Tuesday the Seychelles had refused to take 25 suspected Somali pirates detained by one of its warships earlier this month, highlighting the difficulty of putting pirates on trial, reports Reuters.

The pirates remain aboard the Danish warship Absalon which captured them and their fishing vessel on Jan. 7.

Denmark had sought to send them to the Seychelles under a May 2011 agreement that was supposed to allow the Danish navy to hand over suspected pirates for prosecution in the Indian Ocean island country.

Prime Minister Helle Thorning-Schmidt said Danish diplomats were working to find an alternative to the Seychelles, which lie about 1,600 kilometres (990 miles) off the east coast of Africa, to try the pirates in the region.

"It's not a good situation obviously," Thorning-Schmidt said. "Now we just need the extradition agreements."

A Danish government official said last May's agreement did not oblige the Seychelles to take pirates, but only to consider on a case-by-case basis whether its judicial system had the capacity to handle the cases.

Many suspected pirates arrested off the Horn of Africa are released after only a short detention because governments are reluctant to bring them to trial and prison facilities in Somalia are inadequate.

Danish Foreign Ministry officials declined to say which countries Copenhagen has asked to try the pirates, but Denmark last year sent 24 pirates to Kenya for trial.

Thomas Winkler, Denmark's top legal official dealing with piracy, told Reuters the main challenge was to find prisons where convicted pirates could serve their sentences. Read more.

The Royal Navy may be forced to release suspected pirates captured in the Indian Ocean because no country is willing to prosecute them, comments the Telegraph.

A team of Royal Marines arrested 14 Somalis on a hijacked fishing boat on Saturday and found rocket-propelled grenades, assault rifles and explosives.

Kenya and the Seychelles have tried suspected pirates in the past but both have refused to take the latest captives because their court systems are swamped.

The men caught on Saturday joined two other suspected pirates already under arrest on a second Royal Navy vessel. The American, Danish and Spanish navies are between them holding a further 46 men captured during anti-piracy patrols over the last six weeks.

British officials are putting “intense pressure” on Kenya to accept the most recent captives, amid fears of warships turning into “floating prisons”, according to senior sources in Nairobi. One alternative would be to try the men in Britain, experts say, but there is little appetite for it because of the cost and the fear that the pirates would later seek asylum.

The only remaining option is to release them back on to the beaches of Somalia, said Alan Cole, anti-piracy co-ordinator with the United Nations office on drugs and crime in Nairobi. Whitehall sources confirmed that this was one of the few options available.

“It is extremely important that the regional countries do everything they can to take these pirates or it gives the impression that they are immune from prosecution,” said Mr Cole.

Britain is spending more than £11 million to refurbish prisons and courts in Kenya, the Seychelles and northern Somalia but the work is not yet complete.

A spokesman for the Ministry of Defence in London said: “The Foreign and Commonwealth Office is actively pursuing options for regional prosecution.”

The Somali ambassador to the United Nations won't appear at a court hearing for a Somali man charged with piracy, despite being issued a subpoena to testify - SF Gate.

Norfolk attorney James Broccoletti says the State Department has informed him that Elmi Ahmed Duale has invoked diplomatic immunity.

Broccoletti had wanted Duale to testify during an evidentiary hearing on Thursday for Mohammad Saaili Shibin. Shibin is charged in connection with the hijacking of a German merchant ship and U.S. yacht, in which all four Americans on board were killed. Prosecutors say he was a negotiator who is the highest-ranking pirate the U.S. has captured.

Broccoletti contends the charges should be dismissed because the U.S. lacks the jurisdiction to prosecute Shibin.

Shibin was captured in Somalia by the FBI and was never extradited.

The Somali ambassador to the United Nations said Wednesday that a man from his country charged with piracy should be tried in Somalia instead of the Virginia courtroom where he's being prosecuted - ABC News.

Ambassador Elmi Ahmed Duale had been subpoenaed to testify at an evidentiary hearing in the case, but invoked diplomatic immunity to avoid attending, told The Associated Press in a phone interview that there's a system in place in his country for trying pirates, and dozens have been imprisoned.

"Why should they bring him all the way here in the U.S. to face the court when the court is already there?" he said. Read more.

An insight into the problem of Somali pirate court cases is not often seen in a public forum, however, on that rare occasion an individual is accused of being a pirate negotiator, the difficulty in proving the status of the individual for both the prosecution and the defence underlines the great efforts, and expense, necessary to reach a conclusion - one way or another.

The case of Mohammad Shibin, 52, facing 15 counts of piracy, hostage taking, kidnapping and weapons offenses in the February hijacking of the American yacht Quest in the Arabian Sea, and also accused of being the highest-ranking pirate negotiator captured by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, is the most high profile in the U.S. Federal Courts today. However, another Somali accused of being a pirate negotiator continues to fight in another protracted case. Ali Mohamed Ali, heavily involved in events surrounding the negotiations for German vessels hijacked in 2008, is seeking release from prison following the desire for a review of his bond status - OCEANUSLive.

The state government [of India] has provided free legal aid to 120 Somali pirates captured by the Indian Navy last year, against whom charges are yet to be framed in a fast track court. Senior inspector Pandurang Doke of Yellowgate police station told Hindustan Times on Wednesday that advocate Amol Phuke has been appointed by the government to represent the pirates. HT had, on Tuesday, reported about a letter written by the Yellowgate police station to legal aid authorities about appointing a lawyer to appear for the pirates so that charges can be framed in the fast track court.

Doke said the police had intimated the court about the lawyer’s appointment and the charges are likely to be filed on January 23. On the Yellowgate police’s request, the process of engaging four Somali students from Pune University to interpret the charges to the pirates, who know little or no English, has begun. DCP, Port Zone, Tanaji Ghadge told HT that on the government’s request, the university authorities have agreed to provide the students, whose remuneration for the service has been finalised.

Earlier, the Somali government had not responded to the Mumbai police’s request of providing legal aid to pirates.

Private Security

The attack was launched against the ship at first light, just as the sun was rising off the Somali port of Mogadishu. Six heavily armed pirates opening fire with light calibre weapons before attempting to board the vessel, reports the Telegraph.

They chose the wrong target. Tasked with escorting aid to Somalia, the ship was the ESPS Patino, the European Union naval force's flagship in the Indian Ocean. The attack – launched last Thursday as the pirates mistook the Patino for a cargo ship – ended in failure with the injured Somalis taken into custody.

It's a problem that has sparked debate in the House of Commons, criticism of the Government for failing to act tough, and prompted David Cameron to label Somalia a "failed state that directly threatens British interests".

More pertinently for big business, it is thought to be hitting global trade to the tune of $12bn with shipping companies, commodity traders and insurers bearing the brunt of it.

But business is fighting back. Or if Anthony Sharp has his way, it will be. The British entrepreneur has teamed up with Simon Murray, the outspoken chairman of commodities giant Glencore, to launch Typhon.

As Sharp puts it in a promotional video: "The Typhon force will be the first of its kind for probably 200 years and will protect private shipowners' assets at sea. Somali piracy has grown from entrepreneurial Somalis taking advantage of the closeness of shipping to their shores and their complete lack of coast guards to a fully fledged criminal activity."

Typhon's model is based on protecting ships in its care via what amounts to a private navy. Lord Dannatt, former Chief of the General Staff and one of a number of retired services personnel to join Typon, says: "What Typhon is setting out to do is corralling ships together in a confined area and escorting them properly – with a mothership, with armed guards in ribs patrolling around. The pirates are getting more confident. Unless decisive action is taken, the problem is going to get bigger, world trade is going to suffer, costs will rise and we'll all be the losers. " Read more.

According to Lloyd’s List, the lack of government-led private maritime security regulation has left companies confused and unsure where to invest their time and energy - Shiptalk.

This seems, to many observers, to be “over egging the pudding” somewhat. They feel the private maritime security companies (PMSC) do in actual fact know exactly where to put their money and resources.

As governments, with the UK being the prime example, have come to accept the role of private maritime security the industry has boomed. But there is still no formal set of standards to regulate PMSC activities. Some complain that this has seemingly left the companies in a vacuum, but let’s get real – has it?

It all seems pretty straightforward – the IMO has laid down a set of fairly sensible guidelines and companies should invest their time in abiding by them.

All people really expect is for a PMSC to be a proper company, with a structure and resources worthy of the name – they want some insurance, and surprise, surprise, they want experience and a management system. This may involve rockets, but it isn’t science.

The rest is just gravy – so perhaps if they all stopped whinging and got on with things the shipping industry would be a little more reassured.

Initiatives such as the Security Association for the Maritime Industry (SAMI) accreditations [Note: and IAMSP], are clearly a step in the right direction and it is time for the security companies to stop bleating and start shaping up. The standards may evolve, formal government requirements may emerge, but if the PMSC is created on the right professional foundations, then they will have nothing to fear.

Authorities in the Yemen have banned the use of (foreign) armed guards in their waters - Shiptalk.

Prompted by the arrival of many ships to the ports of the Republic of Yemen with foreign guards, weapons and munitions onboard this was deemed to be a violation of local law.

Therefore, marine inspectors are to be directed to control suchviolations, take the necessary legal procedures and feed back.

Based on Marine Affairs memo No. wnl27/1617/2011, dated 04/12/2011, ships which attempt to enter Yemeni ports with foreign armed guards will be prohibited to enter.

International Response

Sea piracy worldwide dropped slightly in 2011 for the first time in five years but Somali pirates have intensified attacks and remained the greatest threat, a global maritime watchdog said Thursday, reports Associated Press.

The number of attacks dipped to 439 last year from 445 cases in 2010, the International Maritime Bureau's piracy reporting center in Kuala Lumpur said in a report.

There were 45 vessels hijacked and 802 crew members taken hostage, as compared with 53 ships seized and 1,181 people taken hostage in 2010.

The agency attributed the decline to international naval patrols and increases in private security personnel aboard ships.

Somali pirates accounted for 54 percent of the global attacks with 237 cases, up from 219 in 2010, it said.

The IMB said Somali pirates for the first time hijacked a vessel at anchorage in Oman, indicating they were desperate. This highlighted the need for ports and vessels at anchorages in the region to be vigilant, it said.

"The role of the navies is critical to the anti-piracy efforts in this area," said IMB Director Pottengal Mukundan.

Cyrus Mody, a spokesman for the IMB, said the majority of the attacks over the year had taken place near the entrance to the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea, immediately south of the Arabian peninsula. There had been fewer incidents in the Indian Ocean where pirates attacked as far as 1,500 miles from the Somali coast during 2010.

The piracy problem initially emerged in the middle of last decade in the Gulf of Aden but the problem there has been largely stamped out by regular naval patrols. The problem is far harder to address in the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea because the distances involved are far greater.

Mr Mody said the reduction in successful attacks was down to “a combination of factors”.

“Probably the most significant of them is the robust naval interventions which we have seen,” he said. “For example, in the last quarter of 2011, the international navies have disrupted several pirate action groups before they became active. That removes the threat in that area immediately, thus making the area a lot safer.”

Shipowners and seafarers were also becoming more skilled at making vessels difficult to board, Mr Mody said, while there had been an increase in the number carrying armed guards.

“The presence of an armed team certainly helps in ensuring that an incident doesn’t become a successful hijacking,” he said.

The report also highlighted the growing problem of piracy in the Gulf of Benin off Nigeria and Benin in west Africa. The year saw 10 reported attacks off Nigeria and 20 off Benin but warned that there was significant under-reporting in the area. The IMB was aware of at least another 34 unreported incidents in Nigerian waters, the report said.

Newly-appointed International Maritime Organization (IMO) General Secretary Koji Sekimizu vowed to reduce piracy cases worldwide so that the worlds' 1.2 million strong force of seafarers, including 400,000 Filipinos, can go about their business in the high seas without fear of being attacked by pirates - Zambo Times.

Sekimizu, who started his four-year term last Jan. 1, said that he had appointed an able official to tackle this issue.

“Anti-piracy measures will receive a boost with the appointment of Harmut Hesse as special representative of the Secretary-General for Maritime Security and Anti-Piracy Programs," the IMO chief said.

“He (Hesse) will have responsibility for the implementation of the Djibouti Code of Conduct and will also act as the IMO representative to conferences and meetings dealing with piracy issues,” Sekimizu said.

Earlier, the IMO announced that piracy attacks worldwide were beginning to go down to its naval partners.

Clearing regional waters of pirates will take 10 years, a security expert has warned, says The National.

Until then Arab countries will have to rely on joint operations with foreign navies, said Theodore Karasik, the director of research and development at the Institute for Near East and Gulf Military Analysis.

"Things seem to be moving in the right direction but it's taking a long time to implement," Mr Karasik told the Intersec Maritime Security conference on Sunday.

"The solution should come from within the GCC. There are joint training programmes and discussions between the various ministries of defence in the region, but it's at the level of baby steps. To get the GCC to stand up, it's a 10-year process."

Many regional governments are nervous about the presence of so many foreign warships in their waters, Mr Karasik said.

The US Fifth Fleet oversees the multinational Combined Task Force 152 in the Gulf, consisting of warships from the UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain, US, UK, France, New Zealand, Italy and Austria. The commander of the UAE Navy, Staff Brig Ibrahim al Musharakh, said last year that a regional command centre should eventually take over.

"We believe that as the Gulf is part of our waters we should always be in charge of operations carried out here," he said.

The Defense Ministry has reinforced the equipment and training of the Navy's units in charge of defending global oceans from pirates after they successfully rescued a Korean freighter from Somali pirates in the Gulf of Aden in January last year - The Chosunilbo.

Better Equipped UDT/SEALs (Photo: Chosunilbo)

The Navy has now supplied UDT/SEALs with a device that shoots a projectile attached to a rope at the upper deck or a protruding part of the vessel, making it easier for commandoes to board. In the past, the Navy's special forces only had rope guns, which made climbing arduous. During the Somali pirate operation, commandos approached the freighter by inflatable and used a folding ladder to climb the ship.The UDT/SEALs will also use new German-made HK416 rifles, which have an effective range of 350-400 m and are capable of firing up to 700 rounds per minute. They have also been supplied with portable reconnaissance endoscopes that allow them to look inside ship compartments. The windshields of the Lynx helicopters on the destroyers of the Cheonghae Unit was replaced with bulletproof glass, and the body reinforced with bulletproof steel plate. Combat training was also stepped up. "All UDT/SEALs deployed at the Cheonghae Unit are counterterrorism experts," a Navy officer said. "For three months before they leave for the Gulf of Aden, they practice subduing pirates with rifle and sniper training and firing shoulder-launched anti-aircraft missiles using a mock freighter as a target.""Thanks to the successful mission in the Gulf of Aden, the number of recruiting applications for the Navy UDT/SEAL has more than doubled, and the status of our country's special forces has risen overseas," the officer added.

Instances of piracy off the coast of Somalia have been a constant source of concern for the government, said Union Minister of Shipping G.K. Vasan here, reports Neptune Maritime Security.

He inaugurated India Maritime Week in New Delhi on Thursday.

He said that the Ministry of Shipping, in close co-ordination with the Ministry of External Affairs, Indian Navy and other agencies had been making discreet efforts to secure the release of Indian maritime personnel.

Vasan said, “So far, 242 Indian crew members on board merchant vessels of various flags have been hijacked by the Somali pirates. As a result of concerted efforts of the Government, in co-ordination with ship owners, managers, etc., 220 of them have been released and all efforts are being made to secure the release of the remaining 22 personnel.”

Besides, the government has issued guidelines on Deployment of Armed Guards on Indian Merchant Ships. These guidelines provide the criteria for owners to contract private armed security guards for deployment on Indian merchant ships, in cases where the owners desire to do so.

Piracy Costs

The [UK] government has been accused of inconsistency in its stance against paying ransoms in hostage situations after it was revealed that it had privately approved millions of pounds of payments to Somali pirates - The Week.

Although publicly opposing such deals, The Sunday Times reported yesterday that "dozens of payments", totalling up to £30 million, had been channelled through British banks in the last year – mostly to ransom hijacked ships.

Maritime lawyer Stephen Askins, who has been involved in dozens of hostage scenarios in Somalia, told the paper there is no way that a ransom payment can go through a British bank without the approval of the Serious Organised Crime Agency (SOCA) and the UK Borders Agency (UKBA).

"You're obviously notifying SOCA in particular because there's an obligation to tell SOCA why you are moving chunks of money around and SOCA will say, 'Okay, we acknowledge that this is a legitimate reason,'" Askins said.

As both SOCA and the UKBA answer to the Home Office, it appears to contradict Foreign Secretary William Hague's claims that Britain doesn't "facilitate" pay-offs because it would encourage piracy.

Keith Vaz, chairman of the Commons home affairs select committee, said he would be writing to the chief executive of SOCA to demand an explanation.

A so-called research document, entitled “Treasure Mapped: Using Satellite Imagery to Track the Developmental Effects of Somali Piracy,” was published by UK-based Chattam House think-tank, in January 2012, comments Garowe Online.

This document, which was supposed to be research funded by a UK university and the European Union, among other donors, eventually produced an unprofessional, highly prejudiced and defamatory document with the sole aim of unfairly targeting the reputation of Puntland State of Somalia and the Government’s counter-piracy efforts.

In studying this document, it becomes evident that the authors who prepared the research lack knowledge about Somalia’s culture, history and current affairs, and in particular Puntland State of Somalia.

It is common knowledge that the Government of Puntland has undertaken massive steps against pirates and the Government’s robust anti-piracy campaign is the most intense in Somalia. Puntland security forces have apprehended hundreds of pirates who are currently in Puntland prisons, including notorious pirate kingpins.

The researcher’s flawed assertion about urban growth in Puntland State is an insult to the ingenuity, creativity, entrepreneurship, determination, and vision of the people of Puntland – including Puntland Diaspora communities. In reading this research, the reader comes out feeling that everything in Puntland – all the houses, vehicles, communications equipment, hotels – belong to pirates, whom the researcher absurdly argues “provide stability” and “help other entrepreneurs to trade more easily” (Page 7). Who on earth with a common sense could unashamedly state that criminals, such as pirates, produce stability and help trade in a country? Read more.

Further analysis on the study is provided by Robert Young Pelton, of Somalia Report, in "Is Piracy Driving Growth in Puntland?." British Professor Anja Shortland recently presented her latest report on piracy in Somalia at Chatham House. Like many recent piracy reports that build on other piracy reports this academic project is designed to add clearer understanding to the international community that seeks to help solve (and often profit by) problems in Somalia and the maritime region.

Dr. Shortland teaches Finance and Banking at Brunel in the UK and has previously delved into popular and obscure topics that range from “The Effect of US Television News on Demand for Tourism in Israel” and “Political Violence and Excess Liquidity in Egypt”. Her credentials are impeccable and her reputation secure but her grasp of piracy should be examined. Her latest report is entitled "Treasure Mapped: Using Satellite Imagery to Track the Developmental Effects of Somali Piracy”.

This recent report from builds on her previous paper entitled, “The Business of Piracy in Somalia” authored with Sara Percy. Essentially the paper claims that piracy has fueled Puntland's growth and that piracy will actually increase as the Puntland politicians spread governance. Let's coin a new word and call what she is describing as a "piratocracy". She also makes the obvious point that pirate money does not stay in the coast where they operate from but in the main cities where the elites live. Specifically the government city of Garowe and capital and port of Bosaso.

The second largest city in Puntland (and pirate capital) of Galkayo is ignored. Perhaps because it remind readers that the largest center of piracy, hostages and kidnapped vessels are actually based in the central state of Galmagud. What is bothersome is her presumption that the success of Puntland and its government are tied to piracy. Read more.

In written evidence to the UKs Foreign Affairs Committee, the report contains the results of our research on Somali Piracy and more specifically:

A statistical profile of the types of commercial vessels, both attacked and pirated.
A statistical profile of the crew nationalities of the vessels both attacked and pirated.
Evidence of a statistical nexus between the flag of a commercial vessel and the corresponding probability (risk) of attack by Somali pirates.
A conceptual model/tool to better understand the Somali phenomenon from a business perspective.
Last but not least, we present a potential high-level strategic approach to "treat" the "disease" and not only the "symptoms".

It goes on to state, We claim in our research that the piracy venture has evolved to a point of no return because it has ceased long ago to be just an opportunistic source of alternative income. Somali Piracy has created its own self sustained evolutionary system, the so called "Piracy Diamond", which cannot be undone merely through the resurrection of mainstream, legitimate business and production. The business venture has intriguingly merged a set of disparate, mainly local (and international in some cases) stakeholders, like kingpins, semi trained ex-security personnel, money launderers, politicians and others, into a mosaic powered by diverse drivers like geography, international trade, poverty, lawlessness and lack of central political authority. Its mechanism has gone by now "supercritical", which means that even if some of its initial "comparative advantages" were neutralised, it would still keep on its developing course using its self-developed "competitive advantages". These were created and sustained through a highly localised process that is still developing. The role of the entire nation in this process seems to be as strong as, or stronger than ever.

The main theme of the international discussion around Somali Piracy is that the answer to the puzzle will come "from ashore" through the development of alternative sources of income for the locals (Stig Jarle Hansen, 2009), (Second Line of Defence, 2011). With all due respect to the good-will of the international community, it is the view of the authors that this is a manifestly simplistic argument given that:

There are no (and neither will be) available sources of legitimate income bar the traditional ones of agriculture, fishing and (to a lesser degree) trade (Dr Alec Coutroubis & George Kiourktsolgou, 2010).

Even if there were, the income (per capita) generated by these alternative professional activities would pale compared to the cash generated via piracy ransom payments. On the face of it, Somalia's history shows very clearly that in the absence of international intervention, the country has been quite "inoculated" (a word used by intelligence operatives) against al-Qaeda and international terrorist organisations of sorts but not against local rivalries. We believe that unless these national hostilities get reasonably and effectively addressed by the Somalis themselves the high seas piracy off Eastern Africa will keep on festering for a long time to come. Read more.

Seafarers' Plight

MV Fairchem Bogey, a 26,350 deadweight tonnage (DWT) Indian chemical tanker that was freed by Somali pirates on January 12, for an estimated ransom of $8 million after five months of captivity, docked at Salalah Port on Tuesday night.

Fairchem Bogey Released

According to sources in Salalah, the freed sailors would be flown to Muscat today.

“The freed sailors will board a flight from Salalah at 5:30am and reach Muscat at around 7am. From Muscat, they will be flown to Mumbai on a 10:45am flight,” sources added.

The chemical tanker was hijacked within the limits of Salalah Port on August 20 last year. The vessel, manned by a crew of 21 Indians, was waiting for berthing instructions near Salalah Port when it was hijacked by the pirates. It vessel was on its way to China from Saudi Arabia. It had anchored near Salalah Port to load methanol after discharging at Al Jubail in Saudi Arabia - Times of Oman.

“We are delighted to see our entire crew safe and soon to be re-united with their families,” Peter Cremers, CEO of Anglo-Eastern Group, which owns the vessel, told Times of Oman.

“Once the agreement to release the vessel had been reached, the vessel was supplied with fuel, fresh food, medicines and armed guards before proceeding to a safe port. A replacement crew has now taken over the vessel,” the owners said.

“A medical team has been flown over from India and the Managing Director from Anglo-Eastern’s tanker division in Singapore, as well as the Head of our Fleet Personnel Division from Mumbai, have been flown to the port to provide moral support and ensure the speedy return of the crew to their families in India,” the owners added.

Sources told Times of Oman that a detailed medical checkup was provided for the freed sailors at a private hospital in Salalah. Meanwhile, Rejimon of says Times of Oman has learnt that the freed sailors underwent an awful experience during the time of their captivity.

“They didn’t see sunlight for five months in captivity. They were kept in dark rooms and were given only one bottle of water daily after the food on board was finished. They couldn’t bath or shave their face or trim their hair,” sources said.

“The pirates also robbed the sailors’ electronic gadgets and their clothes,” sources added.

It may be mentioned here that Times of Oman had first reported both the hijacking and release of the tanker. When the vessel was hijacked, it didn’t have any guards on board. It had transited the Gulf of Aden with armed guards onboard, but they were dropped off at Muscat on August 10.

During the attack, the pirates broke into the engine control room where the crew had temporarily assembled. The Royal Oman Coast Guard tried to approach the vessel but the pirates asked them to move away, so to avoid any casualties, the Coast Guard desisted from making any move.

The fifteen Georgians who had been held captive by Somali pirates returned home yesterday [Friday Jan 13]. They were released on Sunday, reports Democracy & Freedom Watch.

The Georgian president Mikheil Saakashvili greeted the sailors in Turkey together with the Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Three Turkish sailors were also freed along the Georgians. They have spent 508 days in captivity.

After arriving in Turkey the Georgians came home to Georgia together with President Saakashvili.

The ship, which was sailing under a Maltan flag, was captured in September 2010. The Somali pirates demanded 9 million dollars in ransom. The amount proved too big for the shipping company, and the negotiations were broken off.

The Georgian government ascribed the sailors’ release to their inter-agency commission which had worked intensely on the case, but claimed that no ransom had been paid. However, the news website Somali Report claims to have been in contact with the pirates who say that a ransom of 3 million dollars was dropped onto the ship.

And Finally...

Looking at the bare statistics, it does appear that Nato's anti-piracy operation has been more successful in the last 12 months, though nobody is pretending the problem is anywhere near solved - Guardian.

The capture of Somalis in recent months has also helped the Royal Navy and other allies to understand a little more about the motivation, and modus-operandi, of those who take to the sea.

To say there is grudging respect for the criminals is probably an overstatement, but the conditions in which the pirates live, the risks they take, and the philosophy - such as it is - that drives them, has opened a few eyes.

On one recent operation, NATO investigators captured a dhow that had been at sea for two weeks, apparently covering a vast amount of space around the Arabian sea in the search for a ship to hijack.

The boat may have been on this mission for just a fortnight, but it was clear to those who went on board that it had been away from Somalia for much longer, which raised questions about how and where they were managing to replenish their stocks.

Reports back to headquarters painted a grim picture. The stench from the boat could be smelled from 50 yards away. The deck was covered in fuel barrels - 13 of them - and was otherwise covered in grease, dirt and diesel.

The crew didn't have much to eat; they were feeding themselves on rice, crushed dates and onions, which were crammed into the storage holds.

The holds were also infested with cockroaches.

The pirates were not all young men. One was just 13, another in his 50s. They all shared the same view of what they were doing, telling their captors that they were "warriors", and in that respect, they were no different to the NATO taskforce.

Piracy Incidents

Hijack:

None

Unsuccessful Attacks (All Regions):

South China Sea - Group of robbers boarded a vessel at 1745 LT in position 14:36N - 120:53E, MICT Anchorage Area, Manila. Anchored Liberia-flagged container ship, San Amerigo, boarded by robbers who broke the padlock of secured steel plate of hawse pipe and escaped with six immersion suits and the starboard life raft. LATE report (via ReCAAP) 3 Jan.
South China Sea - Vessel boarded by an unidentified number of robbers armed with knives at 0035 LT in position 14:36.6N - 120:53.10E, MICT Anchorage area, Manila. Anchored Hong Kong-flagged container ship, Pearl River Bridge, boarded by robbers who took the duty pirate watch sentry at knife point into custody of 2nd engineer and stole engine spare parts of reefer container, portable lights, mobile phone, torch, three fire hose with nozzles, hydraulic jack and six immersion suits. No crew were injured. LATE report 6 Jan.
South China Sea - Three robbers armed with long knives boarded a Singapore-flagged product tanker (name withheld) via the anchor chain at 0340 LT: in position 01:17.3S - 116:48.0E, Balikpapan Inner Anchorage, Indonesia. They were spotted by the duty AB who reported to bridge duty officer. Alarm raised. The robbers stole ship's stores and escaped in their waiting boat. LATE Report (via IMB) 11 Jan.

South China Sea - Five robbers boarded the forecastle of a Panama-flagged Bulk Carrier, Triton Lark, at anchor at 0240 LT: in position 01:41S-116:38E, Adang Bay Anchorage, Indonesia. Robbers boarded during cargo operations and stole ships stores. When Duty watchman returned to forecastle, saw two robbers who pushed him and took the stores and escaped. All crew safe. Reported 13 Jan.
South America (P) - Six robbers armed with long knives attempted to board an anchored Greece-flagged bulk carrier, Ero L, via the anchor chain at 1940 LT: Callao Anchorage Area No.12, Peru. The alert crew noticed the robbers, raised the alarm and the crew were mustered. Upon hearing the alarm, the robbers aborted the attempted boarding and escaped. Port authorities informed and the coast guard was despatched to investigate. Reported (via IMB) 13 Jan.

South China Sea - Four robbers wearing mask, armed with choppers and knives in a boat approached an anchored Panama-flagged container ship, OOCL Antwerp, at 0800 LT: in position 01:24.28N – 104:42.09E, around 12 NM NE of Bintan Island, Indonesia. Two of the robbers attempted to board the ship by climbing thru the anchor chain. Duty crew noticed the robbers and informed bridge who raised the alarm. Crew mustered and activated the fire hoses resulting in the robbers aborting attempted boarding; jumped into the water and escaped with their accomplices in the boat. Reported (via IMB) 14 Jan.
Arabian Sea - An Italian tanker, Valdarno, came under attack by 1 white skiff in position 15:02N - 058:14E, approx 265nm NE of Socotra Island, Yemen at 0814 UTC. The vessel is safe. Report (via NSC) 16 Jan. The vessel protection team onboard a tanker underway noticed six pirates in a skiff approaching at a distance of 3.5 NM. The team took their position on the bridge with LRAD and the nonessential crewmembers mustered in the citadel. The protection team engaged the skiff with the LRAD when it was about 300 metres from the tanker. The pirates commenced firing the tanker and the protection team engaged with flares that impacted around the skiff. The pirates continued to fire the tanker and retreat back to the stern. They tracked the tanker for 15 minutes before returning to their mother vessel which remained in the vicinity. The tanker and the crewmembers are safe. The PAG was reported disrupted by CP forces 17 Jan. No longer a threat to shipping.
Arabian Sea - MV came under attack by a single skiff at 0632 UTC in position 13:32N - 055:44E,NE of Socotra Island, Yemen. Vessel evaded hijack attempt and is safe. PAG remains operational in the area. Armed pirates in a skiff approached a Netherlands-flagged pipe layer vessel, Flintstone, underway. The armed security team (Dutch Marine detachment) onboard repelled the attack following a gunfight, resulting in the pirates aborted the attempted attack and returning to a mothership in the vicinity. The PAG disrupted by EU naval CP force (FGS Luebeck) 18 Jan.

Gulf of Oman - Twelve pirates in a grey coloured skiff approached a Liberia-flagged crude, Troitsky Bridge, tanker underway at 1045 UTC: Posn: 24:53.4N - 057:27.4E, around 95nm NW of Muscat, Oman, Gulf of Oman. As the skiff closed to the vessel ladders were sighted. Alarm raised, non-essential crew mustered in the citadel and the Master took anti-piracy measures. As the skiff manoeuvred towards the vessel the onboard security team fired warning shots resulting in the pirates aborting the attempted attack. Reported (via IMB) 20 Jan.

Since the beginning of January 2012, approximately 70 suspected pirates have been detained. This may result in the pirates becoming more aggressive in their attempts to hijack merchant ships. Recently, pirates have attempted additional attacks after appearing to abandon the initial attack. Masters are advised to maintain vigilance throughout an encounter until they are well clear of the area, warns NATO Shipping Centre.

EUNAVFOR figures state 5 vessels and an estimated 155 hostages held captive (Updated 16 Jan). Somalia Report indicates 198 hostages held from capture vessel with a further 26 land based hostages, bringing to a total of 224 hostages. See the latest report. The lastet report from IMB states 11 ships and 216 crew held.

Horn of Africa Pirate Activity

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News: Dutch Marines Repel Pirates

Fri, 20 Jan 2012 23:37:10 UTC

Dutch Marines Hit Back Against Pirates Attack

Original source:Netherlands Ministry of Defense 17 Jan 2012

The Dutch military security team aboard the fall pipe rock dumping vessel Flintstone in the Arabian Sea repulsed a pirate attack. With focused fire, the marines stood up to the immediate threat of a grenade launcher.

The pirates approached the ship, operated by Tideway, around 1800 on January 17, using a fishing boat, or dhow as a mothership. The threat from this suspect dhow was quickly identified, and the marines on the vessel kept a close watch. Aboard the Flintstone, the alarm was sounded and the crew were mustered in the citadel, a secure area of the ship. Meanwhile, the dhow had launched a skiff into the water, which approached at high speed.

Warning

In order to deter the six pirates in the boat fast, the Marines used flares as a warning, in vain. The marines observed several weapons, including rocket propelled grenade (RPG). Shortly afterwards, the RPG was trained on the ship.

This direct threat brought the marines of the Vessel Protection Detachment (VPD) to return directed shots which beat off the attack and turned the skiff back to the mothership. It is possible that the action resulted in casualties among the pirates.

Vulnerable and high risk

Ships in the area were warned of the presence of the pirates by the Marines. The Flintstone then continued on its way towards the Suez Canal, en route from Singapore to Malta. The fall pipe rock dumping vessel offshore contractor, Tideway, is used in the oil and gas industry for pipelines and cables to be protected by blocks of stone.

Vulnerable sea transport and large vessels use Dutch military protection against pirates in high risk areas. The Dutch Defense Ministry sends military security teams following request by a company. These consist of VPD's with heavily armed marines.

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News: Pressured Pirates Release Dhow & Crew

Fri, 20 Jan 2012 20:53:14 UTC

German EU Warship Pressures Pirates Into Releasing Dhow and Crew

Source: eunavfor.eu

Indian dhow used as mothership

After three days of persistent pressure, FGS Luebeck has forced Somali pirates to release an Indian dhow with 15 Indian mariners held as hostages.

Having positively identified the dhow and sighted the attack skiffs and other pirate paraphernalia on deck of the dhow, FSG Luebeck approached the dhow demanding that they comply via radio messages.

The vessel did not react to radio calls or to subsequent warning gunshots. Sustained pressure was applied to the dhow through the presence of FGS Luebeck including direct shots fired into the bow of the dhow and use of the ship’s helicopter to neutralise the attack skiffs secured on the upper deck.

Throughout the action the safety of the hostages was the primary consideration, especially as the suspect pirates threatened to kill all crew members and to fire on anyone attempting to board the dhow.

During the night of 19 January 2012, FGS Luebeck established control of the situation to allow MV Enrico Ievoli, an Italian tanker which had been pirated in December 2011, and has 18 hostages onboard to rendezvous with the Indian dhow. On arrival the pirates again threatened that they would harm all the hostages if any military action was taken to prevent a transfer of pirates who had been injured during the initial attack on MV Flintstone.

FGS Luebeck maintained an overt presence and following the transfer, was able to board the Indian dhow to assure the health and safety of the crew as well as providing technical assistance. The 15 released crewmembers were all in good health. This action has denied the suspect pirates the use of the dhow as a mother-ship and freed the crew from what could have become months of captivity. The injured suspected pirates were seen to have transferred to MV Enrico Ievoli which is being shadowed as it returns towards Somalia.

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Pirate Negotiator - Seeking Bond for Release

Fri, 20 Jan 2012 09:52:54 UTC

Pirate Negotiatior's Plea for Pre-trial Release

An insight into the problem of Somali pirate court cases is not often seen in a public forum, however, on that rare occasion an individual is accused of being a pirate negotiator, the difficulty in proving the status of the individual for both the prosecution and the defence underlines the great efforts, and expense, necessary to reach a conclusion - one way or another.

The case of Mohammad Shibin, 52, facing 15 counts of piracy, hostage taking, kidnapping and weapons offenses in the February hijacking of the American yacht Quest in the Arabian Sea, and also accused of being the highest-ranking pirate negotiator captured by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, is the most high profile in the U.S. Federal Courts today. However, another Somali accused of being a pirate negotiator continues to fight in another protracted case. Ali Mohamed Ali, heavily involved in events surrounding the negotiations for German vessel hijacked in 2008, is seeking release from prison following the desire for a review of his bond status.

On June 24, 2011, the Court issued its Opinion and Order denying bond for the defendant, Ali Mohamed Ali. Since that time, Mr. Ali has received a substantial amount of additional evidence that strongly merits revisiting his bond status.

The evidence raises troubling questions regarding the government’s diligence in its factual proffer and demonstrates the superficiality of the government’s claims that Mr. Ali—a former public official in the strongly anti-pirate Republic of Somaliland—conspired with a gang of RPG-wielding pirates. In short, the evidence strongly tips the “weight of the evidence” in Mr. Ali’s favor, says the Memorandum of Points and Authorities for the Defendant.

It also bolsters numerous other bond factors, by demonstrating Mr. Ali’s consistent connection to this country; his history of confronting these charges head-on; his trust and faith in the United States legal system; and his fear of returning to Somalia. Mr. Ali respectfully submits that these new materials show his substantial claims of innocence and corroborate his fervent desire to achieve vindication through this Court, so that he may seek refuge in this country.

Mr. Ali also asks that his bond status be revisited for another reason: fairness under the Due Process Clause. Mr. Ali has now been imprisoned for seven months without an adjudication of guilt because the government, in a curious and aggressive assertion of universal jurisdiction, invited him to this country and arrested him before it was ready to prosecute him.

Since the bond hearing, counsel for Mr. Ali has interviewed several witnesses who interacted with Mr. Ali in hostage crisis situations before, during, and after the CEC Future. The consistency of their testimony powerfully demonstrates that Mr. Ali is a courageous individual who intervened independently and acted at all times for the benefit of the hostages, says the Defence.

The full [redacted] transcript for the Second Bond Motion (PDF).

Evidence of Mr Ali's status as a negotiator, or, as stated in declarations from the victims of Somali pirates held hostage, a translator, mentions that he was different to the pirates and often acted to the benefit of those held hostage.

The declarations from the Master of the German vessel, MV CEC Future, and the Clipper Group CEO, Per Gullerstrup; the owner of the German yacht, Rockall, Jurgen Kantner, both vessels hijacked in 2008, state Ali's help in reaching a conclusion rather than the furtherance of pirate intent.

Further evidence includes other declarations, letters and emails from individuals in the U.S. Navy, FBI and UN organisations, along with contact through email to maritime security company representatives. All the evidence exhibits (PDF, large file) submitted by the defending counsel are clearly aimed at bringing about the Motion for Bond. However, the Bond, which has been denied to date, is based on whether Ali, who has livd in the U.S. for over 27 years, would leave the country, despite the matter of fearing for his safety should he return to Somalia.

Mr. Ali has now been imprisoned for seven months without an adjudication of guilt because the government, in a curious and aggressive assertion of universal jurisdiction, invited him to this country and arrested him before it was ready to prosecute him. Mr. Ali bears no responsibility for this delay and, conscious of his innocence, has consistently asserted his desire for a speedy trial. Yet he faces seven additional months of incarceration before he will get that chance—perhaps more, as the government still has not produced any classified evidence from the several federal agencies with whom Mr. Ali corresponded. Such prolonged imprisonment resulting from the government’s own decisions is unconscionable, and violates Mr. Ali’s fundamental due process rights. Mr. Ali therefore respectfully moves this Court for release under appropriate conditions until a trial may be held in this matter.

It is a test of the legal process to ensure the prosecuting authorities have acted in a manner which is above board. It also goes to demonstrate the difficulty that all pirate cases have in reaching a decision if the evidence is not clearly collected and exhibited. Something many international piracy cases have had to deal with over the last few years, and not always successfully. Providing the pirates are arraigned.

The documents are provided courtesy of CLINTON & PEED PLLC (Washington, DC) and SIMON & PARTNERS LLP (New York), Counsel for Mr Ali.

The views stated do not necessarily reflect those of OCEANUSLive.org.

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Information, Security, Safety; Shared

Submitted by Team@oceanuslive.org

MARLO 2012 Annual Seminar

Wed, 18 Jan 2012 13:49:36 UTC

Neptune Maritime Security to Attend MARLO’s 2012 Annual Seminar

By David Rider, Neptune Maritime Security

Neptune Maritime Security is delighted to announce that Nigel Booker, one of the company’s directors, will be present at MARLO’s 2012 Annual Seminar in Dubai on January 30th. This year mark’s the 25th anniversary of the Maritime Liason Office Bahrain, and the company is honoured to have been asked to appear at such an important event.

Mr Booker will deliver a presentation on “Crisis Management: Maritime Anti/Counter Piracy Security Effects on Shipping” before delegates including officials from the International Maritime Organisation, US Navy, Coast Guard and defence sector. Discussing the upcoming event, Mr Booker said: “Somali piracy and maritime counter-terrorism are still high priority missions for the world’s military, and I’m delighted to appear at MARLO to discuss these ongoing issues.”

Recognising that maritime piracy is an international threat not simply confined to areas surrounding the Gulf of Aden, Neptune Maritime Security believes that preparation and forward planning are corner stones of maritime security. Mr Booker’s speech will address a variety of security concerns, and the company is happy to discuss security issues with any interested parties on a confidential basis.
For additional information regarding MARLO and the seminar, please visit MARLO.

About Neptune Maritime Security:

Founded by decorated, former members of Her Majesty’s elite Special Boat Service (SBS) and supported by a team of international maritime legal experts, Neptune Maritime Security offers the kind of capabilities only the world’s most elite commercial maritime security specialist can provide. With over 30 years of experience in the field of amphibious counter-terrorism, Neptune Maritime Security’s team of highly trained, highly motivated specialists are supremely qualified in the area that concerns shipping companies most: safeguarding crew, cargo and corporate reputations For further details, please visit www.neptunemaritimesecurity.com.

The views stated are those of the contributor and do not necessarily reflect those of OCEANUSLive.org.

OCEANUSLive.org

Information, Security, Safety; Shared

Submitted by Team@oceanuslive.org

Analysis - Piracy Driving Growth in Puntland?

Sun, 15 Jan 2012 10:25:33 UTC

Plunder, Politics, Presumption and Puntland

Is Piracy Driving Growth in Puntland?

By Robert Young Pelton of Somalia Report

British Professor Anja Shortland recently presented her latest report on piracy in Somalia at Chatham House. Like many recent piracy reports that build on other piracy reports, this academic project is designed to add clearer understanding to the international community that seeks to help solve (and often profit by) problems in Somalia and the maritime region.

Dr. Shortland teaches Finance and Banking at Brunel in the UK and has previously delved into popular and obscure topics that range from “The Effect of US Television News on Demand for Tourism in Israel” and “Political Violence and Excess Liquidity in Egypt”. Her credentials are impeccable and her reputation secure, but her grasp of piracy dynamics and geography should be examined. Her latest report is entitled "Treasure Mapped: Using Satellite Imagery to Track the Developmental Effects of Somali Piracy”.

This recent report builds on her previous paper which did not get much media pickup and was entitled, “The Business of Piracy in Somalia” authored with Sara Percy. Essentially the original form of the academic paper claimed that piracy has fueled Puntland's growth and that piracy will actually increase as the Puntland politicians spread governance. Let's coin a new word and call what she is describing as a "piratocracy". She also makes the obvious point that pirate money does not stay in the coastal towns from where they operate, but in the main cities where the elites live. She specifically focuses her attention to the government city of Garowe and the port of Bosaso.

The second largest city in Puntland (and pirate capital) of Galkayo is ignored. Perhaps because it might remind readers that the largest center of piracy, hostages and kidnapped vessels are actually based in the central state of Galmagud. What is bothersome is her presumption that the success of Puntland,, its people and their government is tied to piracy. Relying on the lack of interest to double check what is actually proven in the sources she cites and the general first hand unfamiliarity of her audience with the region and players.

To understand where Shortland is going, it is helpful to see where she is coming from. Specifically, the conclusions from her original version of this piracy paper last updated in August 2011 are as follows:

1) Somali piracy is a land-based problem and naval control mechanisms are not changing the incentives for pirates.

2) Improving Somalia’s anarchic political situation will not necessarily stop piracy but will actually increase it.

3) Piracy is an organized criminal activity, and like other organized crime groups will be difficult to control, especially if it becomes embedded in state structures.

4) Few of the relevant players have any real incentives to alter their behavior.

Her most recent report recycles some of her previous research and some of the same general conclusions (with less strident accusations) and adds more research to show urban development and economic indicators of the effect of pirate money. The assumptions and tone of this report follows a well worn path typically taken by those who have never been to Puntland. But it is an important report, created by a respected researcher and presented by a world renowned institution. How seriously should readers take the author's new suggestions when her piracy report from August 2011 is reviewed in context with this new January 2012 iteration?

A review of recent events appears to indicate that her four conclusions from her first report are no longer correct:

1) Naval forces have no effect: Clearly pirates come from land, but piracy occurs at sea. In the ocean around Somalia naval mechanisms, albeit under resourced, have significantly enhanced and supported the shipping industry’s attempts to increase safety, situational awareness and resulted in numerous interdictions. Yes the few ships and aircraft that patrol the vast oceans could be more plentiful and their actions more meaningful but currently pirate groups are tracked from the time they leave land to logging incidents at sea. These naval resources currently provide mariners a real time warning system and complex system of tracking and information sharing among security groups and governments. The truth is that the naval presence along with industry steps (like hiring security teams) has significantly lowered the success of piracy and the resultant cash flow.

2) Enhanced governance supports enhanced piracy: Increased governance and political cohesion in the north has enhanced the ability to identify, arrest, prosecute and even deter pirates. Puntland currently has arrested and put more pirates in prison than any other nation. Better systems in country and coordination also aid the ability to track finances, associates and deter planning of future attacks. Although Puntland passed the first anti-piracy law in Somalia and has focused on arresting, prosecuting and jailing piracy, the author chooses to cite a 2010 UN Report that accuses the government of Puntland of accepting proceeds from piracy. The report was, in fact, written by the very same UN contractor who has tried to shut down the region's anti-piracy efforts.

3) Piracy will become or is embedded in Puntland's government: The UN report is in direct contrast with actual developments on the ground. Piracy is not embedded in state structures. For example, despite the opposing UN efforts to prevent the creation of an indigenous anti-piracy force, Puntland has just announced the launch of the Puntland Marine Police Force. They have arrested hundreds of pirates with over 250 in Bosaso prison alone and over 400 in jail region wide. All this has transpired in the last two years because of UAE support for anti-piracy efforts.

The central TFG government and Somaliland have little exposure to piracy. Galmadug has little functioning governance or security institutions, but has just begun to take steps to defeat piracy. They await funding or assistance in defeating pirates.

Even quasi administrations like al-Shabaab have publicly attacked pirates (their recent sale of kidnap victims notwithstanding), has not supported piracy. Coastal communities in Puntland have violently and openly threatened pirates forcing them into more remote regions. Evidence indicates that Somali's across the board do not want piracy in their midst.

There is no argument that the dollars generated by piracy are an enticement to support the criminals but there is clear evidence that Somalis’ no longer see piracy as a noble pursuit and that state structures are fighting back against piracy

4) There is no incentive for key players to abandon piracy: Proof that there are incentives to change major players attitude towards piracy are everywhere. Major pirates like Boyah and Kulan are in jail. The UAE has provided millions to support an anti piracy force. The US, NATO and EU track, arrest and attack pirates on a weekly basis. Political and security elements do not benefit from piracy and see the influx of funds from international sources to defeat piracy. President Farole was invited to the UK to open an anti-piracy conference and has been an outspoken critic of piracy and the inaction of the international community. Pirates, despite increased attacks, are having dismal success, which will lead investors to question the use of their ransoms to fund pirates. There are plenty of incentives for Somali pirates, governments and investors to move away from piracy.

Pirates, Politics and Puntland

The professor’s latest report released in January 2012 and the resultant media focus ignores the erroneous conclusions from her first attempt to define piracy. In her latest document, she removes personal attacks but still singles out Puntland. The new report is powered with photographic proof of the effects of what she maintains is pirate money. This use of matching "before and after" satellite photos and her economic research make the case that Puntland’s economy is driven by piracy. Her research can’t quite figure out how much, where the money came from or where it goes, but it’s an attempt to prove to the world that Puntland is a 'piratocracy' with little chance of redemption.

Dr. Shortland has the right credentials for making this argument, but her contextual confusion and lack of hard proof creates questions on as to her motivation for ignoring other reasons for Puntland’s growth. Despite clearly pointing out that “each of the data sources has significant weaknesses” her latest January 2012 makes the following conclusions:

1) Coastal communities have not greatly benefited from piracy. Instead the regional centres of Garowe and Bosasso, which provide the material inputs and the fire-power of the pirate operations, appear to benefit from piracy-related investment.

2) Piracy appears to lead to widespread economic development and therefore has a large interest group behind its continuation.

3) Puntland’s coastal communities could easily be made considerably better off through activities other than hosting pirates. The international community should bear these results in mind when developing land-based strategies to resolve Somalia’s pirate problem.

She goes on to muddy her conclusions by stating, “it is unclear where the beneficiaries from piracy are located, whether revenue from pirate activity is mostly channelled abroad or used domestically and how widely the benefits are spread.” The oft quoted but incorrect report that states, “the total cost of piracy off the Horn of Africa (including the counter-piracy measures) was estimated to be in the region of US$7–12 billion" for 2010 is trotted out. Somalia Report has shown that not only is this highly inflated number speculative but that is an income number, not a cost.

Her estimates of ransoms are generally accepted numbers using a roll up of US$250 million. Without any hard evidence, the author then assumes that a third of that money hits the ground. If the current population of Puntland is just under 5 million that is about $50 per person or a pirate pay raise of roughly 8% from the average per capita income estimate of $600 per person in Puntland. So just using simple math pirate money must be going somewhere. However if you take Somalia Report's estimate of roughly $150M in ransoms paid in 2010 and spread that over the same Puntland population base, that's not much of an economic boost.

The report goes on to say, “Even if Somali communities received all of the ransom money, replacing this source of income (for example with a combination of a foreign-funded security forces and development aid) would be considerably cheaper than continuing with the status quo”. That is a noble sentiment but there is no proof that providing aid money to replace criminal income would have any effect - much like paying bank robbers not to rob banks.

The report also states that, “A negotiated solution to the piracy problem should aim to exploit local disappointment among coastal communities regarding the economic benefits from piracy and offer them an alternative that brings them far greater benefits than hosting pirates does. A military crack-down on the other hand would deprive one.” There is no proof of a military attack being planned on coastal communities, and she very clearly makes the point that these communities do not benefit from piracy. She provides no proof that these small villages host pirates and does not realize that these ships are held far from coastal towns. Pouring money into angry fishing villages seems like a great idea but once again there is no evidence that pirates, who truck their supplies from inland and do their work far out to sea, will vanish.

Accurate Land Based Solutions Require Accurate Land Based Research

Hobyo, Galmadug - What happened to the pirate capital of Somalia?

There is little argument that piracy is land based, that Somalis are generous in the distribution of wealth, industrious in investment and that Puntland is experiencing unprecedented growth compared to the rest of Somalia. But can all that be viewed through the lens of piracy? Should the international community use monkey numbers like "$7 -12 billion in piracy costs" to estimate pirate pay off programs? Where exactly does this junk science come from? Much of the information on Somalia and piracy comes from well intentioned guestimates, cubicle-based research and special interest groups. There is, after all, money to be made in Somalia and the surround waters. "Anti-piracy" is just the latest opportunity to attract the security, development and pundit crowd.

What if Puntland’s success was driven by factors other than piracy? Could it be that Puntlanders are not all criminals and view piracy proceeds and lifestyle as haram? What if the current President of Puntland is actually the most vehement anti piracy proponent in the region?

There is a distinct whiff of colonial recidivism in this report's assumption that pirate waters float all boats in Puntland. There seems to be little interest in proving that Somalis are doing just fine using their own capital and reaping their own regional rewards.

The paper's logic and assumptions are flawed in the use of bad numbers, unfounded accusations, and what appears to be a lack of moral respect for Somalis. Conversely the simplistic assumption that pouring foreign money into a region will defeat a small group of criminals would assume that money will convert the wicked into saints. The reliance of unreliable research and a lofty view via satellite imagery to determine growth all contributes to a sense of good intentions but disconnected reality in this report.

The most glaring error in Shortland’s new report is that she ignores the main pirate center of Galmadug and focuses on Puntland, specifically Garowe and Bosaso. She makes the simple case that Puntlanders are guilty of being more successful than other parts of Somalia because pirates use the northeast coasts to reach the shipping lanes. She provides no direct proof that piracy fuels Puntland's growth or government but forms conclusions within that lack of hard data.

She does not even mention that most pirate ransom drops drops take place in Galmadug or that most hostages are held in the central region of the country. Injecting perspective and scale would skew her assumptions. There seems to be a complete blind spot to how pirates actually spend their ill gotten gains.

Her point is that piracy drives Puntland’s success and that the success of Puntland's government will bring more piracy. Something that assumes a dark view of Puntland's elders, politicians and people and once again ignores geographic reality.

“This paper seeks to understand the on-land impacts of piracy, in order to assist those seeking to find on-land solutions”. But then she backhands the government and businessmen of Puntland by saying, “Pirates probably make a significant contribution to economic development in the provincial capitals Garowe and Bosasso. Puntland’s political elites are therefore unlikely to move decisively against piracy.”

Somalilanders and certain elements of the UN might applaud her bold stand, but those who live in Puntland would question where that assumption came from. There is no hard data to support this rather aggressive slap, most likely because she forgot that she cited UN speculations in her previous report, but forgot to include this reference the recent report. Local politicians are eager to point out that the 2010 UN Somalia Eritrea Monitoring Group (SEMG) report was written without those researchers setting foot in Puntland.

In her previous report on piracy, there was an attempt to attack the root cause of this economic windfall. Back then she correctly identified insurance payments as the culprit. Most maritime insurance money comes from UK based insurance companies. In addition, the vast majority of maritime security companies are British and the profit and tax derived from piracy mitigation benefits her audience. Why is this missing from this report? Perhaps because her January report was presented in the UK and her previous report was German sponsored?

In her latest report, Shortland falls into the trap of citing junk science as Somalia Report pointed out, the wildly inflated estimate of $7 to 12 billion cost of piracy are actually profit generators for the risk management, shipping and maritime business. It is politically embarrassing and career damaging to address an audience that makes more money than pirates about the evils of piracy...and then remind them of that fact. Without ransoms paid by insurance companies there simply would be no discussion on the effect of piracy in Somalia.

Puntland and Pirate Profiteering

Pirates as Investment Bankers?

In this report Shortland instead focuses on Somalis and specifically blames Puntland’s government for profiting. The overarching warning is that as the Puntland governance becomes more entrenched and pervasive, the greater the spread of piracy. This is never backed up or proven in her report but her assumption is not supported by facts on the ground.

Although she is careful to point out that the “Bosaso’s status as Puntland’s boomtown makes it an attractive location for successful (former) pirates to invest their newly found wealth in businesses and real estate.” She has no hesitation in submerging the non-piracy related growth in the region and chooses to blame the two cities success on pirate money. This is an unfortunate choice of focus since we are to believe that income from piracy makes the region’s growth seem illegitimate and criminal.

It is important to note that her initial August claim that that Puntland’s leaders directly benefited from piracy (quoting the 2010 UN allegations) has vanished. In its place is term “political elites” as in “Puntland’s political elites are...unlikely to move decisively against piracy.” There is no data to support this or clear identification of who she is referring to. Shortland's original report said "The UN monitoring group in the area notes that the administration of General Abdirahman Mohamed ‘Faroole’ is “nudging Puntland in the direction of becoming a criminal State” with several key officials receiving payments from piracy (UN Security Council 2010, 39).

The latest July 2011 UN Security Council report actually reverses this unproven accusation and actually says the opposite; "In 2010, however, the Puntland administration began to adopt a firmer stance against piracy, and during the course of the year pirate anchorages began to shift southwards from the notorious piracy stronghold of Eyl to the village of Garacad in northern Mudug region." The paragraph goes on to detail specifics of Puntland's aggressive approach against pirates. Ooops.

Let us accept that between $140 and $250 million is paid (in US $100 bills) into the hands of pirates. Her first assumption is that a third of this is exchanged into local shillings. This ignores Somalis deft understanding of exchange rates, physical quantity of notes required and the simple fact that Somalis prefer US dollars over their shaky shilling. But let's just assume that much of that money swirls around somewhere. It clearly does not stay in dusty Galmadug and the first place where the money seems to stick is Galkayo with more construction occurring as you head north. Bosasso is a boom town compared to sleepy Garowe. Supermarkets overflow, traffic clogs the streets and new buildlngs seem to spring up overnight. But that is just a ground perspective not academic discipline.

What If Puntland's Success Didn't Come From Pirate Money?

Pirates in Garowe Prison

The report is creative in its premise and well presented. Before and after satellite photos are convincing proof that that Garowe and Bosaso have grown between 2001 and 2009. Economic expansion in these two business hubs has been exponential since the south fell into chaos. Somaliland has experienced similar growth with its stable, investment-friendly environment. Somaliland has a bustling coast port (Berbera), a jam packed capital (Hargeisa), and nary a mention in this report that this recent success didn't come from piracy? Piracy is not a factor in Somaliland yet it experiences similar success.

Could democratic elections, fiscal sanity and relative stability be the real reason behind growth in Puntland? These factors are not addressed. The author does note that regional growth began in 2005 “with the growth of piracy” and goes on to boldly state that the growth of Garowe and Bossaso further accelerated with the explosion of piracy in the Gulf of Aden in 2008. By her own calculations $40M was paid in ransoms in 2008 and she is probably too embarrassed to mention that less than a million dollars was paid by pirates in 2005...for two ships in Mombassa, Kenya.

So what really happened to lift Puntland's fortunes?

In 2005 newly elected president, General Mohamud Muse Hersi "Adde" began an aggressive development campaign in conjunction with the oil-rich United Arab Emirates. Much of it focused on the healthy export of Somali supplied animals. In 2008, democratically elected banker and PhD candidate turned Puntland President, Abdirahman Mohamud Farole accelerated development and international trade, expanding his relationship with the UAE including funding an anti-piracy police force. The population of Puntland swelled as fighting in the south pushed Somalis north. Along with those newcomers came the impressive support of the Somali diaspora. Somalis not only support their worse off local brethren, but know a good investment when they see it. Real estate, shipping, construction, trading and many other sectors have expanded rapidly with the growing population.

Somali diaspora centers with easy access to transferred funds like Minneapolis, London or Nairobi do not enter the discussion as a serious contender for the investment surge in the report’s selected cities.

Invisible Money

A 2011 UNDP report on remittances offers some perspective on the impressive impact that invisible money has. This excellent report details the millions in remittances and investments that flow into stable regions of Somalia. This report states the obvious: “Development opportunities are greatest in Puntland and Somaliland, where administrative structures have succeeded in developing, to varying degrees and often with considerable help from the diaspora."

Ground data from over an impressive 350 sources inside Somalia point out that Somaliland, Puntland and its two main cities have directly benefited from two decades of instability in the south. This increased population with the help of far flung diaspora has enabled a population eager to buy the exact same homes, cars and the goods described in this piracy report.

The report does confess that accurate data just doesn't exist. There is even less academically acceptable data on remittances, piracy, bribery and economic activity. Shortland is sailing in dangerous waters when she mixes real analysis with squishy financial data. Best estimates of the UN report say that remittances to Somalia may be between $1.3 to $2 billion a year with a rough estimate of $700 million to Somaliland and about the same or less to Puntland. Piracy income in Somalia suddenly starts looking like pocket change. The report issued by Shortland however agrees with the UNDP report, sayingthat, “Estimates of piracy ransoms are significantly lower than those of diaspora remittances.”

Shortland seems to be short of useful data when trying to figure out how much comes from where. Despite her honest disclaimer she then starts to feel her oats and states “The amount of foreign exchange and income generated by piracy is potentially a large proportion of Puntland’s GDP.” She provides no proof of what percentage of cash payments from ransoms go into the economy or the government. What about the financial growth caused by simple population growth? Populations have swelled dramatically; Bosaso has grown from an estimated 2.4M in 2003 to 3.9M in 2009 (the date of the report's most recent satellite photos) and there is an estimated 1.3 million IDPs in Bosaso alone. Has piracy attracted 2.8 million people to the bustling port city? Professor Shortland makes attempts to show economic growth but does not have the data to draw convincing conclusions. Wouldn't more people create the demand for more housing and goods?

Violent Attacks on Remote Shores

Her main argument is that piracy has benefited main cities and not the small towns where she assumes the pirates are based. What we see without argument or hint of skepticism is that what she calls pirate centers (i.e. coastal fishing villages in Puntland) have shown little growth while the two largest cities in Puntland appear to be in the midst of a building boom. The conclusion being that is enough proof to conclude that piracy is a state industry, state mechanisms are complicit and pirates by virtue of their need to buy splash cash and spread their wealth are the engine behind this growth.

Pirates do not live in the tiny coastal towns profiled and don’t even use these remote habitations to park their hijacked ships. For example, ships captured by three pirate groups are held at least 20km north of Hobyo because the townspeople refuse to let them dock offshore. Both reports assume then build on this mistaken premise to assume that there will be a violent military attack on coastal communities. The report neglects to point out that there are no communities to attack where the ships are held. Nor does it point out that these communities, many of them a result of forced migration, have never experienced growth.

An argument could be made that violence or the threat of violence against pirates is necessary and has shown to be the single most successful deterrent. But at sea, not on land. Even in those cases of violence against pirates by navies or security companies, rules of engagement and force are carefully controlled.

Piracy is currently defined by the act, not the intent or support of piracy. In other words international forces and ship’s crew may deal violence or death to a group that is actively trying to board a ship. Once those pirates drop their weapons, they are technically not pirates. Laws are being changed, but no country is eager to deal violence on any community simply because they suspect they are supporting piracy. Somalia Report maintains contact information on hundreds of pirates and in our lengthy interface with them, most would rather have an alternative but those alternatives do not exist. International experts accept this reality but none more than the Somalis.

The author of this report makes the mistake of going out past her skis and strays into providing military advice, “A military strategy to eradicate it could seriously undermine local development.” Puntland has chosen to use a law enforcement strategy not a military strategy. Yes, foreign militaries have killed pirates in hot pursuit and at sea but there is no plan by any nation to attack tiny coastal villages.

There is discussion about destroying pirate caches (fuel, skiffs, ladders and weapons) found on land and well away from populated areas. There have been vigorous responses to attacks and dozens of unsuccessful attacks prevented by armed security guards - all an embarrassing reality that highlights her previous incorrect assumptions.

The author also ruminates on the potential of piracy to fund terrorism, the lack of will by politicians to combat piracy and even the idea that the international community needs to “replace” the gains of piracy to defeat it. The last idea would require negotiating equal or greater gains to deter kidnapping or piracy. The idea that Puntland politicians are not eager to defeat piracy is beggared by the recent aggressive attacks and arrests on pirates (in major urban centers) and a overflowing Puntland prisons. The suggestion that the international community simply provide anything other than resistance, protection and sharp penalties for kidnapping, violence and theft is irresponsible. Ask any kidnapped sailor, aid worker or journalist what should be done about piracy and you will find little sympathy. They are criminals who violate human dignity and peaceful merchants for profit. There is serious moral disconnect in this report. A suggestion that “locals” are equal to pirates and that money is the key to Somalis making moral decisions should be held suspect for not only the lack of facts but the assumptions behind the assumption.

Where Are The Roots Of Piracy?

The professor ignores the UK provenance and profits of ransom money and rests her central argument is that pirate money is behind the real wealth of Bosaso and Garowe and that political elites profit by piracy. Her logic is to push money away from the centers of power and into some dysfunctional half abandoned fishing towns created when Siad Barre pushed clans to the sea to bolster food security.

Of course, these tsunamis ravaged remote monuments to a once golden era could be restored and empowered. But those communities will also need to enforce sharp boundaries of laws, enforcement, violence and incarceration. That comes from Puntland's government. The real actions of Puntland's central government have indicated that is not at all a 'piratocracy' but fiercely engaged in a battle against pirates, terrorists and criminals that do violence to its people everyday - something this report ignores. The plea to not violently attack coastal communities has no origin in fact but seems to be a request to knock loose UK government money to create more foreign based anti piracy profit centers. There is nothing wrong with that but this report does not need to maintain the convenient fiction that Somalis do not know how to eradicate piracy.

Piracy is also mobile and is becoming less and less based in Puntland and more in the central region of Galmadug so her assumption that any support of Puntland's government will encourage piracy may be dead wrong.

Based on the day to day conversations Somalia Report has with pirates, the hostage and payment part of piracy is primarily based in Galmadug region, run out of Galkayo and Haradhere with some major financiers living in Garowe and Bosaso. This report ignores Galmadug and its capital of Galkayo - or for that matter Nairobi, Dubai, Mogadishu or even London. Although real estate is ideal for money laundering, transnational crime has no home. The solution to piracy is on land, through law enforcement, international cooperation and yes, an attempt to provide positive direction in both coastal and central towns. Replacing piracy income, removing the penalty of violence or incarceration for amoral acts and blaming a government who is actively engaged in fighting piracy is not the right approach. A consensus is slowly being reached.

What is needed to defeat piracy in Somali is an indigenous land based approach with a wide spectrum of follow on support to local government - something the government of Puntland and Galmadug have been saying for years and have now decided to do with help from regional sponsors.

Perhaps there should also be an international understanding that bad foreign research does not make for good local solutions.

Viewpoints expressed are those of the contributor and do not necessarily reflect those of Oceanuslive.

OCEANUSLive.org

Information, Security, Safety; Shared

Posted by Team@oceanuslive.org

OCEANUSLive.org

IMO Opening Speech On Arms Onboard Ships

IMO Secretary-General Koji Sekimizu's opening address to the High-level segment on arms on board ships

In a series of opening addresses given by Koji Sekimizu, Secretary-General IMO, at the International Maritime Organisation conference held in the London headquarters for its members, the Secretary General spoke on this occasion, about the subject of the high-level segment on Arms on Board Ships:

IMO SG Speech On Capacity Building & Piracy

IMO Conference on Capacity Building to Counter Piracy off the Coast of Somalia

In a series of opening addresses given by Koji Sekimizu, Secretary-General IMO, at the International Maritime Organisation conference held in the London headquarters for its members, the Secretary General spoke about the capacity building to counter piracy off Somalia this week:

EU Naval Forces First Hit On Somali Pirates On Shoreline

EU Naval Force Delivers First Blow Against Somali Pirates On Shoreline

Source:EUNAVFOR.eu

Earlier today, May 15, following the decision taken on 23 March 2012 by the Council of the European Union to allow the EU Naval Force to take disruption action against known pirate supplies on the shore, EU forces conducted an operation to destroy pirate equipment on the Somali coastline.

Dutch Warship Rescues 17 Hostages From Pirates

Dutch Navy Rescues 17 Iranian Hostages; Arrests 11 Suspect Pirates

AMSTERDAM, THE NETHERLANDS (BNO NEWS) -- A Dutch Navy vessel on Friday rescued seventeen people who were being held hostage on a suspected pirate dhow off the coast of Somalia, the Dutch Ministry of Defense said. Eleven suspected pirates were taken into custody.

UPDATE:Greek-Owned Tanker Hijacked in Arabian Sea

Greek-owned Tanker Hijacked in the Arabian Sea

Following a relatively quietened period at sea, a Liberia-flagged tanker was reported hijacked in the Arabian Sea by pirates.

UK Joins ReCAAP

UK Joins the ReCAAP

On 2 May 2012, the United Kingdom (UK) became the eighteenth Contracting Party to the Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP).

Background Information

Tanker Hijacked At Anchor in Gulf of Guinea

Updated: Tanker Hijacked off Lome, Togo Reported Released

KUALA LUMPUR — A Singapore-managed product tanker with valuable gasoline cargo went missing and was suspected to have been hijacked by pirates while at anchor off Lome, Togo, a maritime watchdog said Tuesday.

IMO SG Speaks on Safeguarding Seafarers & Piracy

IMO Secretary General Speech on Safeguarding Seafarers and the Shared Responsibility

In a speech at the ReCAAP ISC Piracy and Sea Robbery Conference 2012 by Koji Sekimizu, the subject of Safeguarding Seafarers: A Shared Responsibility was delivered to the delegates.

The Impact of Somali Piracy [Infographic]

The Impact of Somali Piracy - an Infographic

Italian Tanker Freed by Somali Pirates

Somali Pirates Free Italian Tanker After 118 Days

An Italian chemical tanker captured by Somali pirates off the coast of Oman in December with 18 crew members has been released, the foreign ministry in Rome said on Monday.

EU Warship Frees Sri Lankans But Pirates Released

EU Warship Rescues Sri Lankan Fishermen But Suspect Pirates Released

Weekly Piracy Report

13 - 20 April 2012

Contents:

Regional Activity; Released by Pirates; Pirates in Court; Private Security; International Response; Piracy Cost; Seafarers' Plight; And Finally...; Piracy Incidents; Situational Map

East Africa

West Africa

Southeast Asia

Hijacks:

Unsuccessful Attacks/Robberies (All regions):

David Cameron's Anti Piracy Plan Hits A Snag

David Cameron anti-piracy operation hits a South African snag

David Cameron's plans to allow British ships travelling around Africa to carry private armed guards to combat the threat of piracy have been dealt a blow after South Africa insisted they be military.

Tanzania Arrests 5 Somali Pirates; Dhow Freed

Suspect Somali Pirates Detained Near Tanzania Gas Fields; Dhow Freed

DAR ES SALAAM (Reuters) - Tanzania has arrested five suspected Somali pirates on an island close to its natural gas reserves in the southern part of the east African country, the army said on Friday.

Weekly Piracy Report

7 - 13 April 2012

Regional Activity; Released by Pirates; Pirates in Court; Private Security; International Response; Piracy Cost; Seafarers' Plight; And Finally...; Piracy Incidents; Situational Map

East Africa

West Africa

MV Leila Reported Released By Somali Pirates

MV Leila Reported Released by Somali Pirates

Somali pirates have released a Panama-flagged vessel they seized two months ago allowing it to continue on its way to the breakaway enclave of Somaliland, the ship's agent and a government official said on Thursday.

Regulating the Maritime Security Sector

Lost in Translation? The Emergence Of Regulation To The Maritime Security Sector

Number of successful hijacks continues to fall

Weekly Piracy Report

31 March - 6 April 2012

Regional Activity; Released by Pirates; Pirates in Court; Private Security; International Response; Piracy Cost; Seafarers' Plight; And Finally...; Piracy Incidents; Situational Map

East Africa

West Africa

South Americas

UPDATED:Piracy & Robbery Incidents - March 2012

High Risk Areas Piracy Incident Maps - March 2012

OCEANUSLive provides graphic illustrations of pirate activity throughout the month of March.

Horn of Africa/Indian Ocean:

West Africa:

Southeast Asia:

Freed Crew Recall Moments of Pirate Incident

Crew of Freed Chinese Freighter Recall Hijack By Pirates

"It is the most scary moment in my life when the Iranian navy was exchanging fire with the Somali pirates," Meng Qingchang, the second mate of the rescued freighter Xianghuamen, told Xinhua on Saturday.

Iran Navy Rescues Chinese Cargo Ship

Iranian Navy Rescues Chinese Cargo Ship At China's Request

BEIJING: The Iranian navy has freed 28 Chinese crew members less than a day after their cargo ship was hijacked by Somali pirates off the Islamic Republic’s south coast, Chinese state media said Saturday.

Weekly Piracy Report

24 - 30 March 2012